Large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator which comprises a base, a bearing platform is arranged above the base, two shear fork type supporting arms are arranged between the base and the bearing platform, and driving mechanisms are arranged on the supporting arms and used for unfolding or folding the supporting arms. A first supporting end and a second supporting end are formed on the lower side of the supporting arm, and a third supporting end and a fourth supporting end are formed on the upper side of the supporting arm; a first rotating shaft is arranged between the two first supporting ends; a second rotating shaft is arranged between the second supporting ends of the two supporting arms; a third rotating shaft is arranged between the two third supporting ends; a fourth rotating shaft is arranged between the two fourth supporting ends; a lower connecting rod is arranged on the upper side of the base, and the middle of the lower connecting rod is rotationally connected with the base; an upper connecting rod is arranged on the upper side of the base, and the middle of the upper connecting rod is rotationally connected with the bearing platform. The utility model has the advantages of good reliability and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of scissor - type freight elevators, and particularly relates to a scissor - type freight elevator with large tonnage and high reliability. Background Technique

[0002] Scissor - type freight elevators are suitable for freight elevators with large tonnage and low stroke, and are usually used for the transfer of goods between adjacent floors. For example, the scissor - type hydraulic lift with the application number 201810607384.1 includes a base, a bearing platform, support arms in a scissor - type shape on both sides of the base, and a driving mechanism (oil cylinder) for driving the support arms to expand or fold. The bearing platform is located above the base, and the bearing platform is connected to the base through the support arms. The most common application scenario is to be set on the ground outside the building (or in a pit dug on the bottom surface). After the goods are unloaded onto the bearing platform and the support arms are unfolded, the bearing platform lifts the goods to the second floor, and the goods enter the second floor through the outer wall door opening of the building.

[0003] The scissor - type structure of the support arms determines that there are two support points between the support arms and the bearing platform. One of the support points is a rotational connection, and the other support point is a rotational and sliding connection. During the lifting process of the bearing platform, the position of one support point relative to the bearing platform remains unchanged, while the other support point will slide relative to the bearing platform. When the bearing platform is at a low position, the two support points are respectively close to the front and rear sides of the bearing platform, and the support area formed by the two support points is large and almost covers the entire bearing platform, which can stably support the bearing platform. However, when the bearing platform rises to a high position, since one support point remains unchanged and the other support point moves inward, the support area formed by the two support points shrinks, and the whole is biased towards one side of the bearing platform, resulting in uneven force on the support arms. After long - term operation, it is easy to deform and wear, resulting in poor reliability of the freight elevator. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a large - tonnage and high - reliability freight elevator. The utility model has the advantages of good reliability and high safety.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model: A large - tonnage and high - reliability freight elevator includes a base, a bearing platform is arranged above the base, two scissor - type support arms are arranged between the base and the bearing platform, a driving mechanism is arranged on the support arms, and the driving mechanism is used to expand or fold the support arms. The lower side of the support arms forms a first support end and a second support end, and the upper side of the support arms forms a third support end and a fourth support end. The third support end and the fourth support end are respectively located above the first support end and the second support end; its characteristics are: a first rotating shaft is arranged between the first support ends of the two support arms, the first rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the first support end, and the first rotating shaft is slidably connected to the base;

[0006] A second rotating shaft is provided between the second supporting ends of the two supporting arms. The second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second supporting ends and is slidably connected to the base.

[0007] A third rotating shaft is provided between the third supporting ends of the two supporting arms. The third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the third supporting ends and is slidably connected to the carrying platform.

[0008] A fourth rotating shaft is provided between the fourth supporting ends of the two supporting arms. The fourth rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fourth supporting ends and is slidably connected to the carrying platform.

[0009] A lower connecting rod is provided on the upper side of the base. The middle of the lower connecting rod is rotatably connected to the base. One end of the lower connecting rod is slidably and rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, and the other end of the lower connecting rod is slidably and rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft.

[0010] An upper connecting rod is provided on the upper side of the base. The middle of the upper connecting rod is rotatably connected to the carrying platform. One end of the upper connecting rod is slidably and rotatably connected to the third rotating shaft, and the other end of the upper connecting rod is slidably and rotatably connected to the fourth rotating shaft.

[0011] In the aforementioned large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, lower guiding long holes are provided at both ends of the lower connecting rod. A first roller connecting the first rotating shaft is provided in one of the lower guiding long holes, and a second roller connecting the second rotating shaft is provided in the other lower guiding long hole.

[0012] Upper guiding long holes are provided at both ends of the upper connecting rod. A third roller connecting the third rotating shaft is provided in one of the upper guiding long holes, and a fourth roller connecting the fourth rotating shaft is provided in the other upper guiding long hole.

[0013] In the aforementioned large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are both located on the lower side of the lower connecting rod, and the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are both located on the upper side of the upper connecting rod.

[0014] In the aforementioned large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, the driving mechanism is an oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is connected to an oil pump through a reversing valve.

[0015] In the aforementioned large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, a brake disc is provided at the bottom of the lower connecting rod. Brake blocks are provided on both sides of the brake disc, and a brake cylinder is connected to the brake blocks. The brake cylinder can press the brake blocks against the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc when the oil cylinder bursts.

[0016] In the aforementioned large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, the brake cylinder includes a hollow cylinder body. A piston is provided in the cylinder body. A compression spring is provided on one side of the piston, and a driving shaft is provided on the other side of the piston. The driving shaft extends out of the cylinder body and is connected to the brake block. An exhaust hole and an oil inlet hole are provided on the cylinder body. The exhaust hole and the compression spring are on the same side of the piston, and the oil inlet hole and the driving shaft are on the same side of the piston. The oil inlet hole communicates with the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder.

[0017] In the aforementioned large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator, an annular limiting groove cooperating with the piston is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0018] In the aforementioned large-tonnage, high-reliability freight elevator, a plurality of tooth grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the brake disc, the side wall of the brake block facing the brake disc is an arc surface, and a plurality of tooth hooks cooperating with the tooth grooves are provided on the arc surface. When the tooth hooks are inserted into the tooth grooves, the brake block can at least prevent the brake disc from rotating in one circumferential direction.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model mainly makes the following improvements on the basis of the existing scissor-type freight elevator:

[0020] First, the support arm is slidably connected between the base and the load-bearing platform, and connecting rods are provided on the upper side of the base and the lower side of the load-bearing platform. The supporting area of the support arm is always kept directly below the load-bearing platform through the connecting rod, so that the support arm is stably stressed and not prone to deformation and wear, making the freight elevator more reliable. In addition, during the operation of the elevator, the load-bearing platform always maintains vertical lifting and will not slide horizontally and cause the center of gravity to swing, which also ensures that the freight elevator is stable and reliable.

[0021] Secondly, a brake disc fixed to the lower connecting rod is arranged on the base, and a brake block is arranged on the outside of the brake disc. The brake block is connected to the brake cylinder. The brake cylinder and the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder can extend out immediately during the lifting process of the freight elevator. The brake block stops the rotation of the brake disc, thereby stopping the rotation of the lower connecting rod and making the support arm unable to be retracted, so as to prevent the load-bearing platform from continuing to fall and improve safety.

[0022] In summary, the utility model has the advantages of good reliability and high safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the cylinder on the support arm.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the utility model at the lower connecting rod.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the utility model at the upper connecting rod.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the brake cylinder.

[0029] The reference signs in the drawings are: 1 - base, 2 - bearing platform, 3 - support arm, 4 - first support end, 5 - second support end, 6 - third support end, 7 - fourth support end, 8 - first rotating shaft, 9 - second rotating shaft, 10 - third rotating shaft, 11 - fourth rotating shaft, 12 - lower connecting rod, 13 - upper connecting rod, 14 - lower guiding slot, 15 - first roller, 16 - second roller, 17 - upper guiding slot, 18 - third roller, 19 - fourth roller, 20 - oil cylinder, 21 - rod member, 23 - brake disc, 24 - brake block, 25 - brake cylinder, 26 - cylinder block, 27 - piston, 28 - compression spring, 29 - drive shaft, 30 - exhaust hole, 31 - oil inlet hole, 32 - annular limiting groove, 33 - tooth groove, 34 - tooth hook. Specific embodiments

[0030] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as a basis for limiting the present utility model.

[0031] Embodiment. A large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, as Figure 1 shown, includes a base 1, a bearing platform 2 is provided above the base 1, and two scissor-type support arms 3 are provided between the base 1 and the bearing platform 2. The corresponding hinge shafts of the two support arms 3 can be connected by a rod member 21 to improve the support stability. This is a structure on existing freight elevators. A driving mechanism is provided on the support arm 3. As Figure 2 shown, the connection method of the driving mechanism on the support arm 3 is commonly used in the prior art, so no more description will be given. The driving mechanism is used to expand or retract the support arm 3. The lower side of the support arm 3 forms a first support end 4 and a second support end 5, and the upper side of the support arm 3 forms a third support end 6 and a fourth support end 7. The third support end 6 and the fourth support end 7 are respectively located above the first support end 4 and the second support end 5. The features are as follows:

[0032] A first rotating shaft 8 is provided between the first support ends 4 of the two support arms 3. The first rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the first support end 4, and both ends of the first rotating shaft 8 are slidably connected to the base 1.

[0033] A second rotating shaft 9 is provided between the second support ends 5 of the two support arms 3. The second rotating shaft 9 is rotatably connected to the second support end 5, and both ends of the second rotating shaft 9 are slidably connected to the base 1.

[0034] A third rotating shaft 10 is provided between the third support ends 6 of the two support arms 3. The third rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the third support end 6, and both ends of the third rotating shaft 10 are slidably connected to the bearing platform 2. The sliding direction of the third rotating shaft 10 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the third rotating shaft 10.

[0035] A fourth rotating shaft 11 is provided between the fourth supporting ends 7 of the two supporting arms 3. The fourth rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the fourth supporting ends 7, and both ends of the fourth rotating shaft 11 are slidably connected to the bearing platform 2. The sliding direction of the fourth rotating shaft 11 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fourth rotating shaft 11.

[0036] A lower connecting rod 12 is provided on the upper side of the base 1. The middle part of the lower connecting rod 12 is rotatably connected to the base 1. Both ends of the lower connecting rod 12 are provided with lower guiding long holes 14 which extend inwards along the longitudinal direction of the lower connecting rod 12. A first roller 15 connecting the first rotating shaft 8 is arranged in one of the lower guiding long holes 14, and a second roller 16 connecting the second rotating shaft 9 is arranged in the other lower guiding long hole 14.

[0037] An upper connecting rod 13 is provided on the upper side of the base 1. The middle part of the upper connecting rod 13 is rotatably connected to the bearing platform 2. Both ends of the upper connecting rod 13 are provided with upper guiding long holes 17 which extend inwards along the longitudinal direction of the upper connecting rod 13. A third roller 18 connecting the third rotating shaft 10 is arranged in one of the upper guiding long holes 17, and a fourth roller 19 connecting the fourth rotating shaft 11 is arranged in the other upper guiding long hole 17.

[0038] Both the first rotating shaft 8 and the second rotating shaft 9 are located on the lower side of the lower connecting rod 12, and both the third rotating shaft 10 and the fourth rotating shaft 11 are located on the upper side of the upper connecting rod 13.

[0039] The driving mechanism is an oil cylinder 20. The oil cylinder 20 is connected to an oil pump through a reversing valve. When the oil cylinder 20 is erected, the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 20 is located on the upper side of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 20.

[0040] A brake disc 23 is provided at the bottom of the lower connecting rod 12. The brake disc 23 is coaxial with the rotation axis of the lower connecting rod 12. Brake pads 24 are provided on both sides of the brake disc 23. A brake cylinder 25 is connected to the brake pads 24. The brake cylinder 25 can press the brake pads 24 against the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc 23 when the oil cylinder 20 bursts.

[0041] The brake cylinder 25 includes a hollow cylinder body 26 which is fixed to the base 1. A piston 27 is arranged in the cylinder body 26. A compression spring 28 is arranged on one side of the piston 27, and a driving shaft 29 is arranged on the other side of the piston 27. The driving shaft 29 extends out of the cylinder body 26 and is connected to the brake pad 24. An exhaust hole 30 and an oil inlet hole 31 are provided on the cylinder body 26. The exhaust hole 30 and the compression spring 28 are located on the same side of the piston 27, and the oil inlet hole 31 and the driving shaft 29 are located on the same side of the piston 27. The oil inlet hole 31 communicates with the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 20.

[0042] An annular limiting groove 32 which cooperates with the piston 27 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body 26.

[0043] A plurality of tooth grooves 33 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc 23. The side wall of the brake block 24 facing the brake disc 23 is an arc surface, and a plurality of tooth hooks 34 that cooperate with the tooth grooves 33 are provided on the arc surface. When the tooth hooks 34 are inserted into the tooth grooves 33, the brake block 24 can at least prevent the brake disc 23 from rotating in one circumferential direction. As Figure 4 shown, when the carrying platform 2 rises, the distance between the first rotating shaft 8 and the second rotating shaft becomes smaller, driving the lower connecting rod 12 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, if the brake block 24 presses against the brake disc 23, the tooth hook 34 will hook the brake disc 23, and the brake disc 23 will not rotate clockwise, and the carrying platform 2 will not drop. If the brake disc 23 and the brake block 24 are in surface contact, since the pressure provided by the compression spring 28 is limited, although it can improve the effect to a certain extent, it is difficult for the brake block 24 to completely stop the brake disc 23, and the effect is there, but not good.

[0044] When the piston 27 contacts the bottom surface of the annular limiting groove 32 away from the brake block 24, there is preferably a distance of 1-2 mm between the brake block 24 and the brake disc 23.

[0045] Working principle: The oil pump outputs oil to the oil cylinder 20 through the reversing valve to expand or retract the support arm 3, driving the carrying platform 2 to rise or fall, which is exactly the same as that of the existing freight elevator. The difference is that during the lifting and lowering of the carrying platform 2, the upper connecting rod 13 and the lower connecting rod 12 are used to keep the carrying platform 2 from moving in the horizontal direction and always located directly above the support arm 3.

[0046] When the goods on the carrying platform 2 are very heavy, there is a risk of bursting of the oil cylinder 20. The weight of the goods acts on the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 20, so that high-pressure oil is always maintained in the rodless cavity. The high-pressure oil enters the cylinder block 26 from the oil inlet hole 31, pushing the piston 27 away from the brake disc 23, so that there is a certain distance between the brake block 24 and the brake disc 23, and the lower connecting rod 12 can rotate freely to ensure the smooth lifting and lowering of the carrying platform 2. When the oil cylinder 20 bursts, since the pressure in the rodless cavity is the highest, the bursting position basically occurs on the cylinder wall of the rodless cavity, resulting in an instantaneous pressure loss in the rodless cavity, a decrease in the oil pressure in the cylinder block 26, the compression spring 28 pushing the piston 27 to reset, so that the brake block 24 presses against the brake disc 23, the lower connecting rod 12 cannot rotate, the distance between the first rotating shaft 8 and the second rotating shaft will not change, the support arm 3 cannot be retracted, and the carrying platform 2 will not continue to drop in height, improving safety.

[0047] The contraction stroke of the piston 27 is limited by the annular limiting groove 32. After the oil pressure in the cylinder block 26 drops, the brake block 24 can respond faster to press against the brake disc 23, reducing the impact force generated by the accumulation of inertia and further improving safety.

Claims

1. A large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator, comprising a base (1), a bearing platform (2) is arranged above the base (1), two scissor-type support arms (3) are arranged between the base (1) and the bearing platform (2), a driving mechanism is arranged on the support arm (3), and the driving mechanism is used to expand or retract the support arm (3). A first support end (4) and a second support end (5) are formed on the lower side of the support arm (3), and a third support end (6) and a fourth support end (7) are formed on the upper side of the support arm (3). The third support end (6) and the fourth support end (7) are respectively located above the first support end (4) and the second support end (5); It is characterized in that: A first rotating shaft (8) is provided between the first supporting ends (4) of the two supporting arms (3). The first rotating shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the first supporting end (4), and the first rotating shaft (8) is slidably connected to the base (1). A second rotating shaft (9) is provided between the second supporting ends (5) of the two supporting arms (3). The second rotating shaft (9) is rotatably connected to the second supporting end (5), and the second rotating shaft (9) is slidably connected to the base (1). A third rotating shaft (10) is provided between the third supporting ends (6) of the two supporting arms (3). The third rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected to the third supporting end (6), and the third rotating shaft (10) is slidably connected to the carrying platform (2). A fourth rotating shaft (11) is provided between the fourth supporting ends (7) of the two supporting arms (3). The fourth rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the fourth supporting end (7), and the fourth rotating shaft (11) is slidably connected to the carrying platform (2). A lower connecting rod (12) is provided on the upper side of the base (1). The middle part of the lower connecting rod (12) is rotatably connected to the base (1). One end of the lower connecting rod (12) is slidably and rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (8), and the other end of the lower connecting rod (12) is slidably and rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft (9). An upper connecting rod (13) is provided on the upper side of the base (1). The middle part of the upper connecting rod (13) is rotatably connected to the carrying platform (2). One end of the upper connecting rod (13) is rotatably connected to the third rotating shaft (10), and the other end of the upper connecting rod (13) is slidably and rotatably connected to the fourth rotating shaft (11).

2. The large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lower guiding long holes (14) are provided at both ends of the lower connecting rod (12). A first roller (15) connecting the first rotating shaft (8) is provided in one of the lower guiding long holes (14), and a second roller (16) connecting the second rotating shaft (9) is provided in the other lower guiding long hole (14). Upper guiding long holes (17) are provided at both ends of the upper connecting rod (13). A third roller (18) connecting the third rotating shaft (10) is provided in one of the upper guiding long holes (17), and a fourth roller (19) connecting the fourth rotating shaft (11) is provided in the other upper guiding long hole (17).

3. The large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft (8) and the second rotating shaft (9) are both located below the lower connecting rod (12), and the third rotating shaft (10) and the fourth rotating shaft (11) are both located above the upper connecting rod (13).

4. The large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is an oil cylinder (20), and the oil cylinder (20) is connected to an oil pump through a reversing valve.

5. The large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A brake disc (23) is provided at the bottom of the lower connecting rod (12). Brake blocks (24) are provided on both sides of the brake disc (23). A brake cylinder (25) is connected to the brake block (24), and the brake cylinder (25) can press the brake block (24) against the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc (23) when the oil cylinder (20) bursts.

6. The large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 5, wherein: The brake cylinder (25) includes a hollow cylinder block (26). A piston (27) is arranged in the cylinder block (26). A compression spring (28) is arranged on one side of the piston (27). A drive shaft (29) is arranged on the other side of the piston (27). After the drive shaft (29) extends out of the cylinder block (26), it is connected to a brake block (24). An exhaust hole (30) and an oil inlet hole (31) are arranged on the cylinder block (26). The exhaust hole (30) and the compression spring (28) are located on the same side of the piston (27). The oil inlet hole (31) and the drive shaft (29) are located on the same side of the piston (27). The oil inlet hole (31) communicates with the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder (20).

7. The large-tonnage high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 6, wherein: An annular limiting groove (32) matched with the piston (27) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder block (26).

8. The large-tonnage and high-reliability freight elevator according to claim 5, wherein: A plurality of tooth grooves (33) are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc (23). The side wall of the brake block (24) facing the brake disc (23) is an arc surface. A plurality of tooth hooks (34) matched with the tooth grooves (33) are arranged on the arc surface.

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