Efficient biomass heat energy utilization and conversion device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass heat energy efficient utilization and conversion device, which comprises a boiler main body, a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger, the fire grate is mounted in the boiler main body and is used for supporting biomass fuel to burn in the boiler main body; compared with the prior art, the biomass fire grate has the advantages that in the combustion process, the overhead rod can move up and down on the surface of the fire grate, so that biomass fuel (such as straw) stacked on the fire grate is jacked up and overhead; by means of the overhead combustion mode, the problem of insufficient oxygen supply caused by tight accumulation of fuel in a traditional combustion mode is greatly solved. And 2) in the lifting process of the overhead rod, ash in the blanking port can be effectively dredged, and the ash is further pushed to be transversely discharged by the horizontal movement of the fire grate, so that the ash can smoothly fall into an ash collecting drawer below.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass boilers, in particular to a device for efficiently utilizing and converting biomass heat energy. Background Art

[0002] When traditional biomass boilers process biomass fuels such as straw, they often adopt direct combustion or simple pretreatment methods. Although they can achieve energy conversion and utilization to a certain extent, limited by factors such as fuel form, combustion method, and equipment design, there are often problems such as incomplete combustion, low thermal efficiency, and high pollutant emissions.

[0003] After retrieval, the Chinese utility model patent with the application number 202123051792.X discloses a new type of biomass heat energy conversion device, including a machine cover shell, a first stepper driver, and a combustion chamber. The top inner wall of the machine cover shell is fixedly connected with a first stepper driver, and the bottom of the first stepper driver is lapped and connected with a rotating rod. The outer wall of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a crushing rod. When in use, starting the first stepper driver drives the rotating rod to rotate, and then the dried straw can be broken into multiple sections by multiple groups of crushing rods. Starting the second stepper driver drives the external gear rollers to rotate, and the crushed straw is ground by the mutual meshing between the external gear rollers, so as to ensure a good contact surface between the straw and oxygen and improve the combustion efficiency of the straw.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned prior art, the inventor believes that although the straw seems to be more conducive to combustion after being crushed, in fact, due to the reduction in volume and the increase in density, it instead limits the full contact with oxygen, thereby affecting the combustion efficiency.

[0005] Based on this, the inventor proposes a device for efficiently utilizing and converting biomass heat energy, which incorporates an overhead mechanism into the biomass heat energy conversion device, enabling the crushed straw to remain in a loose state during combustion, ensuring that oxygen can freely penetrate and fully contact the straw, and realizing an efficient and clean combustion process. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] In view of the above situation, to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a device for efficiently utilizing and converting biomass heat energy to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, a device for efficiently utilizing and converting biomass heat energy of the utility model includes:

[0008] A boiler main body, with a burner installed inside;

[0009] A grate, installed inside the boiler main body to support the combustion of biomass fuel in the boiler main body;

[0010] The fuel elevation mechanism includes an elevation rod and an elevation rod driving mechanism. The elevation rod is arranged above the grate, and the elevation rod driving mechanism is installed inside the boiler main body for driving the elevation rod to move in the height direction on the surface of the grate. When the elevation rod moves upward, it can lift and elevate the biomass fuel.

[0011] Preferably, a feeding mechanism is installed on the side of the boiler main body. The feeding mechanism includes a crushing box and a feeder. The crushing box is fixedly arranged on the side of the boiler main body for crushing biomass fuel, and the feeder is installed at the lower discharge port of the crushing box for conveying the crushed biomass fuel to the surface of the grate.

[0012] Preferably, the feeder is a screw extruder.

[0013] Preferably, the grate is provided with a material dropping opening in a penetrating manner, and the elevation rod is vertically movably installed in the material dropping opening.

[0014] Preferably, the elevation rod driving mechanism includes a motor, a rotating shaft, a cam, a transmission rod, and a guide rail. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the boiler main body. The motor is fixedly connected to the boiler main body for driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The cam is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The guide rail is fixed inside the boiler main body. The transmission rod is vertically movably installed in the guide rail. The upper end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the elevation rod, and the lower end of the transmission rod is in rolling contact with the side surface of the cam.

[0015] Preferably, the material dropping opening is of a long strip structure and is equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the grate. The shape and size of the elevation rod are the same as those of the material dropping opening. The grate is provided with a transmission rod relief groove in a penetrating manner, and the boiler main body is equipped with a moving mechanism for driving the grate to move horizontally.

[0016] Preferably, a blower is installed on the side of the boiler main body.

[0017] Preferably, an ash collection drawer is installed at the lower end of the boiler main body.

[0018] The present utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1) During the combustion process of the present utility model, the elevation rod can move up and down on the surface of the grate, thereby lifting and elevating the biomass fuel (such as straw) piled up on the grate. This elevated combustion method greatly improves the problem of insufficient oxygen supply caused by the tight piling of fuel in the traditional combustion mode. 2) During the lifting and lowering process of the elevation rod of the present utility model, the ash in the material dropping opening can be effectively dredged, and the horizontal movement of the grate further promotes the lateral discharge of the ash, enabling the ash to smoothly fall into the ash collection drawer below. This dual action mechanism not only significantly improves the ash cleaning efficiency but also reduces the need for manual intervention, lowering the difficulty and cost of ash cleaning work. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model and form a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present utility model to explain the present utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fuel overhead mechanism structure of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view sectional structure of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 10, boiler main body; 20, burner; 30, grate; 31, blanking port; 32, transmission rod relief groove; 40, fuel overhead mechanism; 41, overhead rod; 42, overhead rod drive mechanism; 421, motor; 422, rotating shaft; 423, cam; 424, transmission rod; 425, guide rail; 50, feeding mechanism; 51, crushing box; 52, feeder; 60, moving mechanism; 70, blower; 80, ash collection drawer. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0025] The following further describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-4 drawings.

[0026] As Figures 1-4 shown, a biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device of the present utility model includes:

[0027] A boiler main body 10, with a burner 20 installed inside the boiler main body 10 for igniting biomass fuel;

[0028] A grate 30, installed inside the boiler main body 10 for supporting the combustion of biomass fuel inside the boiler main body 10;

[0029] A fuel overhead mechanism 40, including an overhead rod 41 and an overhead rod drive mechanism 42. The overhead rod 41 is arranged above the grate 30, and the overhead rod drive mechanism 42 is installed inside the boiler main body 10 for driving the overhead rod 41 to move in the height direction on the surface of the grate 30. It can be understood that the biomass fuel is laid on the surface of the grate 30, and when the overhead rod 41 moves upward, it can lift and overhead the biomass fuel on the surface of the grate 30. By the way of overhead fuel, biomass materials such as straw can better contact with oxygen in the air, improving the combustion efficiency.

[0030] A feeding mechanism 50 is installed on the side of the boiler main body 10. The feeding mechanism 50 includes a crushing box 51 and a feeder 52. A crushing device (not shown in the figure) is installed in the crushing box 51. The crushing device can be a double-roll crusher. The crushing box 51 is fixedly arranged on the side of the boiler main body 10 for crushing biomass fuels such as straw. The feeder 52 is installed at the lower discharge port of the crushing box 51 for conveying the crushed biomass fuel to the surface of the grate 30.

[0031] In some embodiments, the feeder 52 is a screw extruder. During use, biomass fuels such as straw are put into the crushing box 51 for crushing, and the crushed biomass fuel is then added to the boiler main body 10 for combustion through the screw extruder.

[0032] Specifically, the grate 30 is provided with a material dropping opening 31 therethrough. The overhead rod 41 is vertically movably installed in the material dropping opening 31. The design of the material dropping opening 31 allows the ashes after combustion or the fuel residues that are not completely burned to pass through. The overhead rod 41 is movably arranged in the material dropping opening 31, which can not only lift the fuels such as straw when moving up and down, but also play a role in dredging the material dropping opening 31.

[0033] The following is a specific embodiment of the overhead rod driving mechanism 42:

[0034] The overhead rod driving mechanism 42 includes a motor 421, a rotating shaft 422, a cam 423, a transmission rod 424 and a guide rail 425. The rotating shaft 422 is rotatably installed in the boiler main body 10. The motor 421 is fixedly connected to the boiler main body 10 for driving the rotating shaft 422 to rotate. The cam 423 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 422. The guide rail 425 is fixed inside the boiler main body 10. The transmission rod 424 is vertically movably installed in the guide rail 425. The upper end of the transmission rod 424 is fixedly connected to the overhead rod 41, and the lower end of the transmission rod 424 is in rolling contact with the side surface of the cam 423. During use, biomass fuels such as straw are sent to the surface of the grate 30 inside the boiler main body 10 through the feeder 52. The external power supply of the motor 421 is connected, and the rotating shaft 422 is driven to slowly rotate by the motor 421, thereby driving the cam 423 to rotate. When the cam 423 rotates, the change of its side profile is used to drive the transmission rod 424 to move up and down in the guide rail 425, so as to drive the overhead rod 41 to lift.

[0035] In some embodiments, the blanking port 31 is of a long strip structure, and the blanking ports 31 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the grate 30. The shape and size of the overhead rod 41 are the same as those of the blanking port 31. The grate 30 is provided with a transmission rod relief groove 32 through it. The length of the transmission rod relief groove 32 is consistent with the length direction of the grate 30. And the boiler main body 10 is equipped with a moving mechanism 60 for driving the grate 30 to move horizontally. It can be understood that the overhead rod 41 can move up and down in the blanking port 31 under the driving action of the overhead rod driving mechanism 42. And the setting of the transmission rod relief groove 32 provides sufficient space for the movement of the transmission rod 424 along the length direction of the grate 30. In this way, when the moving mechanism 60 drives the grate 30 to move horizontally, the grate 30 moves horizontally relative to the overhead rod 41. The overhead rod 41 plays a lateral pushing role on the ashes on the top of the grate 30. Under the dual actions of lateral pushing and vertical dredging, the ashes can be smoothly discharged, making the ash cleaning process simpler.

[0036] A blower 70 is installed on the side of the boiler main body 10. The blower 70 is used to blow air into the boiler main body 10 to promote the full combustion of biomass fuel.

[0037] A dust collection drawer 80 is installed at the lower end of the boiler main body 10. The dust collection drawer 80 is used to collect the ashes and residues generated during the combustion process, which is convenient for cleaning and maintenance.

[0038] The working principle of the biomass thermal energy efficient utilization conversion device of the present utility model is as follows:

[0039] The feeding mechanism 50 automatically crushes and conveys biomass fuel such as straw to the surface of the grate 30. The fuel is ignited by the burner 20. During the combustion process, the overhead rod driving mechanism 42 in the fuel overhead mechanism 40 is used to control the lifting of the overhead rod 41, so that biomass materials such as straw can better contact with oxygen in the air, improving the combustion efficiency. The ashes after combustion are cleaned by the up and down movement of the blanking port 31 and the overhead rod 41 and the horizontal movement of the grate 30. Finally, the ashes are collected in the dust collection drawer 80, realizing efficient combustion and convenient ash cleaning.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device, characterized in that include: A boiler body (10) having a burner (20) installed therein; A grate (30) installed in the boiler body (10) for supporting the combustion of biomass fuel in the boiler body (10); The fuel overhead mechanism (40) comprises an overhead rod (41) and an overhead rod driving mechanism (42), wherein the overhead rod (41) is arranged on the upper part of the grate (30), and the overhead rod driving mechanism (42) is installed in the boiler body (10) and is used to drive the overhead rod (41) to move in the height direction of the grate (30) surface, and the overhead rod (41) can lift up and overhead the biomass fuel when moving upward.

2. The biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device according to claim 1, wherein, A feeding mechanism (50) is installed on the side of the boiler body (10), and the feeding mechanism (50) comprises a crushing box (51) and a feeder (52). The crushing box (51) is fixedly arranged on the side of the boiler body (10) for crushing biomass fuel, and the feeder (52) is installed at the lower end discharge port of the crushing box (51) for conveying the crushed biomass fuel to the surface of the grate (30).

3. The biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeder (52) is a screw extruder.

4. A biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grate (30) is provided with a material drop opening (31) extending therethrough, and the overhead rod (41) is vertically movably installed in the material drop opening (31).

5. An efficient utilization and conversion device for biomass thermal energy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The overhead rod driving mechanism (42) comprises a motor (421), a rotating shaft (422), a cam (423), a transmission rod (424) and a guide rail (425); the rotating shaft (422) is rotatably mounted in the boiler body (10); the motor (421) is fixedly connected to the boiler body (10) for driving the rotating shaft (422) to rotate; the cam (423) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (422); the guide rail (425) is fixed inside the boiler body (10); the transmission rod (424) is vertically movably mounted in the guide rail (425); the upper end of the transmission rod (424) is fixedly connected to the overhead rod (41), and the lower end of the transmission rod (424) is in rolling contact with the side of the cam (423).

6. The biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drop opening (31) is a long strip structure, and the drop openings (31) are equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the grate (30), the overhead rod (41) is consistent in shape and size with the drop opening (31), a transmission rod clearance groove (32) is provided through the grate (30), and the boiler body (10) is equipped with a moving mechanism (60) for driving the grate (30) to move in a horizontal direction.

7. An efficient utilization and conversion device for biomass thermal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blower (70) is installed on the side of the boiler body (10).

8. A biomass thermal energy efficient utilization and conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An ash collection drawer (80) is installed at the lower end of the boiler body (10).

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