Miniaturized intelligent fuse structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of circuit protection, in particular to a miniaturized intelligent fuse structure, which comprises a shell, and an excitation source, a piston, a signal melt and a three-dimensional space type conductive plate structure which are arranged in the shell, the three-dimensional space type current-conducting plate structure comprises a first current-conducting plate and a second current-conducting plate, and the first current-conducting plate and the second current-conducting plate are connected in series with a signal melt; a pre-fracture is formed in the first current-conducting plate, the first current-conducting plate and the second current-conducting plate on the two sides of the pre-fracture are bent for multiple times to form a space geometric structure, the space geometric structure and the shell are of a compact structure, and the two ends of the three-dimensional space type current-conducting plate structure are arranged on the outer side face of the shell in an attached mode. The signal receiving end of the excitation source is conductively connected with the two ends of the signal melt through the self-excitation trigger loop. The three-dimensional space type current-conducting plate structure is compact in structure and smaller in size, and the current-carrying capacity can be improved by changing any one of the length, the width and the thickness of the three-dimensional space type current-conducting plate structure when the three-dimensional space type current-conducting plate structure is of the same size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of circuit protection, specifically to the field of low-voltage electrical switches for circuit protection, and in particular to an excitation fuse that disconnects a conductive plate mechanically. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, especially the high-speed development of the new energy vehicle industry, there are increasingly high requirements for DC high-voltage and large-current short-circuit protection products, especially intelligent fuse products, especially with the widespread application of fast charging technology. Existing intelligent fuses mainly include a housing and an excitation source, a piston, and a conductive plate disposed in the housing. Both ends of the conductive plate pass through the housing and extend outside the housing as the wiring terminals of the fuse structure. One end of the conductive plate extending outside the housing serves as a wiring terminal, generally having a flat structure, a bent U-shaped structure, etc., occupying a certain space outside the housing, making the overall volume of the fuse structure relatively large. Moreover, since the conductive plate is generally a flat structure in a straight line, heat dissipation can only occur from both ends, so the heat dissipation performance of the fuse structure is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized intelligent fuse structure. Through a three-dimensional space conductive plate structure, the space of the housing is fully utilized, avoiding occupying the space outside the housing, making the fuse structure more compact and smaller in volume.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is a miniaturized intelligent fuse structure, including: a housing, and an excitation source, a piston, a signal fuse, and a three-dimensional space conductive plate structure disposed in the housing; the three-dimensional space conductive plate structure includes a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate, and the signal fuse is connected in series between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate; a pre-breaking port is provided on the first conductive plate, the pre-breaking port penetrates through the housing, the piston is disposed opposite to the pre-breaking port, and the cavity where the driving force release end of the excitation source is located communicates with the cavity where the end of the piston away from the pre-breaking port is located;

[0005] The first conductive plate portions on both sides of the pre-breaking port are bent in opposite directions towards the pre-breaking port and are respectively located in the shell wall of the housing. One end of the first conductive plate is sequentially connected in series with the signal fuse and the second conductive plate. The other end of the first conductive plate extends out of the housing and is bent, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the housing adjacent to the pre-breaking port as a connection terminal of the fuse structure. One end of the second conductive plate not connected to the signal fuse extends out of the housing and is bent, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the housing adjacent to the pre-breaking port as another connection terminal of the fuse structure. The two connection terminals of the fuse structure are located on the same side of the housing parallel to the piston displacement direction, so that the piston displacement direction is parallel to the main circuit current direction.

[0006] The signal receiving end of the excitation source is electrically connected to both ends of the signal fuse through a self-excitation trigger circuit.

[0007] When the signal fuse melts, the self-excitation trigger circuit sends a self-excitation trigger signal to the excitation source, causing the excitation source to act, releasing a driving force to drive the piston to displace and disconnect from the pre-breaking port.

[0008] Preferably, the pre-breaking port is a structure for reducing the mechanical strength of the first conductive plate.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-breaking port is a variable cross-section structure or at least one groove structure penetrating the width of the first conductive plate.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the signal receiving end of the excitation source is located outside the housing as a connection node for connecting to an external trigger circuit.

[0011] Preferably, a narrow neck is provided on the signal fuse.

[0012] Preferably, a receiving groove is provided on the outer side surface of the housing where the connection terminals of the fuse structure are provided, and one ends of the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate serving as connection terminals are located in the receiving groove.

[0013] Preferably, the bends are all 90-degree angle bends.

[0014] Preferably, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the pre-breaking port is located between the first housing and the second housing, and the two connection terminals of the fuse structure are respectively located on the outer side surfaces of the same side of the first housing and the second housing.

[0015] Preferably, the signal fuse, the second conductive plate, the excitation source, and the piston are respectively located in the first housing, and one end of the first conductive plate connected to the signal fuse is located in the first housing.

[0016] In the miniaturized intelligent fuse structure of the present invention, the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate are bent four times to form a three-dimensional structure, which fully utilizes the shell wall and the outer side surface of the shell, reduces the space occupancy rate of the fuse structure, makes the fuse structure more compact and smaller in size, achieves the purpose of saving installation space while not being limited by the required space and installation position, and also shortens the installation distance of the installation components outside the fuse.

[0017] A three-dimensional conductive plate structure is adopted to wrap at least three side surfaces of the shell, thereby improving the mechanical strength of at least three side surfaces of the shell.

[0018] The conductive plate structure is a flat, three-dimensional structure that has been bent multiple times, so that the overall area of the conductive plate structure is greatly increased. Since the conductive plate is made of metal conductive material, the large-area conductive plate structure can dissipate heat well and reduce the overall temperature of the fuse structure.

[0019] By adopting a three-dimensional conductive plate structure, as the required current and voltage increase, the volume of the fuse structure product does not change, and only the spatial structure of the three-dimensional conductive plate structure is changed, for example, the length, width and thickness of the conductive plate can be increased to a large extent, thereby improving the current carrying capacity. Under the same volume, the current carrying capacity of the fuse structure product can be greatly increased.

[0020] By adopting a three-dimensional conductive plate structure, the excitation source can be placed at different positions without changing the current carrying direction. The cavity where the driving force release end of the excitation source is located can be connected to the cavity where the force-bearing end of the piston is located. The connection can be made directly through the cavity or through the airway.

[0021] Through the self-excitation trigger circuit connected by the signal fuse, the fuse structure has a main self-excitation trigger function. When the signal fuse blows, it is the excitation trigger of the fuse structure itself, and no additional external trigger circuit is required, which can reduce the device structure at the user end.

[0022] In order to improve the working reliability of the fuse structure, a connection node connected to the external trigger signal can be designed as needed, that is, the excitation source signal receiving end is designed to be located outside the shell, so that the fuse structure has two triggering conditions: external active triggering and self-excitation triggering, thereby diversifying the applicable environment of the fuse structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fuse structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fuse structure, with a cross-section taken parallel to the connection terminal of the fuse structure and passing through the housing part of the excitation source.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional space conductive plate structure.

[0026] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the front view structure schematic diagram of

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] The first housing 1, the second housing 2, the first conductive plate 3, the second conductive plate 4, the signal fuse 5, the first connection end 6, the pre-breaking port 7, the second connection end 8, the piston 9, the excitation source 10, the connection terminal 11. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] A miniaturized intelligent fuse structure of the present invention includes: a housing, and an excitation source, a piston, a signal fuse, and a three-dimensional space conductive plate structure arranged in the housing; the three-dimensional space conductive plate structure includes a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate, and a signal fuse is connected in series between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate; a pre-breaking port is arranged on the first conductive plate, the pre-breaking port penetrates through the housing, the piston is arranged opposite to the pre-breaking port, and the cavity where the driving force release end of the excitation source is located communicates with the cavity where the end of the piston away from the pre-breaking port is located;

[0030] The parts of the first conductive plate on both sides of the pre-breaking port are bent in opposite directions towards the pre-breaking port and are respectively located in the housing wall of the housing. Among them, one end of the first conductive plate is sequentially connected in series with the signal fuse and the second conductive plate, and the other end of the first conductive plate extends out of the housing and then bends, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the housing adjacent to the pre-breaking port as a connection terminal of the fuse structure; the end of the second conductive plate not connected to the signal fuse extends out of the housing and then bends, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the housing adjacent to the pre-breaking port as another connection terminal of the fuse structure. The two connection terminals of the fuse structure are located on the same side of the housing parallel to the piston displacement direction, so that the piston displacement direction is parallel to the main circuit current direction;

[0031] The signal receiving end of the excitation source is electrically connected to both ends of the signal fuse through a self-excitation trigger circuit;

[0032] When the signal fuse melts, the self-excitation trigger circuit sends a self-excitation trigger signal to the excitation source, causing the excitation source to act, releasing the driving force to drive the piston to displace, and disconnecting from the pre-breaking port.

[0033] The following are preferred embodiments and specific descriptions are given in conjunction with the drawings. The directional terms involved are only based on the directions shown in the drawings and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0034] The structure of the miniaturized intelligent fuse of the present invention is shown in Figures 1 to 4 , which includes a first housing 1 and a second housing 2, and a three-dimensional space conductive plate structure is arranged in the first housing 1 and the second housing 2.

[0035] The three-dimensional space conductive plate structure includes a first conductive plate 3, a second conductive plate 4, and a signal fuse 5. One end of the first conductive plate 3 and the second conductive plate 4 opposite to each other is connected in series through the signal fuse 5. Both the first conductive plate 3 and the second conductive plate 4 are flat plate structures. A narrow neck is provided on the signal fuse 5. In this embodiment, the signal fuse 5 is a sheet-like structure with a certain width, and a plurality of narrow necks are provided on the sheet-like signal fuse 5.

[0036] The first conductive plate 3 includes a first connection end 6, a pre-breaking port 7, and a second connection end 8 that are integrally connected. The first connection end 6, the pre-breaking port 7, and the second connection end 8 are respectively planar structures. The width of the second connection end 8 is greater than the width of the pre-breaking port 7. One side of one end of the second connection end 8 is integrally connected to the pre-breaking port 7, and the end not connected to the pre-breaking port 7 is bent at 90 degrees, so that the second connection end 9 is an L-shaped structure with a 90-degree angle.

[0037] The pre-breaking port 7 is located between the first connection end 6 and the second connection end 8, and is located between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2. The first connection end 6 and the second connection end 8 are respectively located on both sides of the thickness direction of the pre-breaking port 7, and are respectively perpendicular to both sides of the pre-breaking port 7 at 90 degrees, that is, the connections between the first connection end 6 and the second connection end 8 and both sides of the pre-breaking port 7 are bent at 90-degree angles towards the opposite sides of the thickness direction of the pre-breaking port 7, so that the first connection end 6 is located in the wall of the first housing 1, and the second connection end 8 is located in the wall of the second housing 2.

[0038] One end of the second connection end 8 that is not connected to the pre-breaking port 7 extends out of the wall of the second housing 2 and is bent at 90 degrees, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the second housing 2 adjacent to the pre-breaking port 7, serving as a wiring terminal of the fuse structure, and is arranged perpendicular to the plane where the pre-breaking port 7 is located.

[0039] One end of the second conductive plate 4 is inserted into the wall of the first housing 1 where the first connection end 6 is located, and is electrically connected to the first connection end 6 through the signal fuse 5. The other end of the second conductive plate 4 extends out of the wall of the first housing 1 and is located outside the first housing 1, and then is bent at a 90-degree angle and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the first housing 1 adjacent to the pre-breaking port 7, serving as another connection terminal of the fuse structure, and is arranged perpendicular to the plane where the pre-breaking port 7 is located. One ends of the first conductive plate 3 and the second conductive plate 4 located outside the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 and serving as connection terminals are respectively located on the same side of the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 to facilitate the installation and connection of the fuse structure. Connection holes for the installation and connection of the fuse structure are respectively formed at one ends of the second connection end 8 of the first conductive plate 3 serving as the connection terminal of the fuse structure and one end of the second conductive plate 4.

[0040] Receiving grooves are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces of the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 at one ends where the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate serve as the connection terminal 11. One ends of the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate located outside the first housing and the second housing are bent and are respectively located in the receiving grooves on the outer side surfaces of the first housing and the second housing. With such a structure, the space of the housing can be fully utilized, the space outside the housing can be avoided from being occupied, and the volume of the fuse structure can be further reduced.

[0041] The pre-breaking port 7 is a structure for reducing the mechanical strength of the conductive plate. In this embodiment, its two ends are of variable cross-section structures, and the width dimension between the variable cross-section structures is the smallest. Grooves penetrating the width at the smallest position are respectively arranged at both ends of the position with the smallest width dimension between the two variable cross-section structures to reduce the mechanical strength of the pre-breaking port. The piston 9 is arranged facing the position with the smallest width dimension of the pre-breaking port 7. When the pre-breaking port is disconnected, it is disconnected from the grooves at the position with the smallest dimension, forming a break on the first conductive plate 3. In other embodiments, the pre-breaking port 7 can be formed by a groove penetrating the conductive plate, or two grooves penetrating the width of the conductive plate are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the conductive plate, and a pre-breaking port is formed between the grooves. When the pre-breaking port is disconnected, it is disconnected from the grooves. The pre-breaking port 7 can also be other structures capable of reducing the mechanical strength of the conductive plate.

[0042] A cavity is respectively provided in the first housing 1 and the second housing 2, and the cavities can be communicated. The pre-fracture 7 of the three-dimensional space type conductive plate structure passes through the cavity communicated at the contact surface of the first housing 1 and the second housing 2. A piston 9 is provided in the cavity of the first housing 1 for the pre-fracture 7, and the contact surface between the piston 9 and the cavity of the first housing 1 is in sealed contact. An excitation source 10 is further provided on the cavity of the first housing 1, and the excitation source 10 closes one end of the cavity of the first housing 1. The signal receiving ends of the excitation source 10 located inside the first housing 1 are respectively connected to the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate at both ends of the signal fuse 5 to form a self-excitation trigger circuit; at the same time, one end of the signal receiving end of the excitation source 10 is located outside the first housing 1 and serves as a node that can be connected to an external trigger circuit, so that the excitation source 10 can receive both the trigger signal of the self-excitation trigger circuit and the trigger signal of the external trigger circuit.

[0043] The distances between the two ends of the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate respectively connected in series with both ends of the signal fuse 5 satisfy: after the signal fuse 5 is melted, a high impedance is formed between the two ends of the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate, so that the voltage at the fracture of the signal fuse 5 after melting instantaneously rises as the trigger signal of the self-excitation trigger circuit.

[0044] One end of the driving force release of the excitation source 10 is communicated with the cavity where the end of the piston 9 far from the pre-fracture 7 is located. The piston 9 is driven to displace by the driving force released by the excitation source 10 to disconnect the pre-fracture 7 and enter the cavity of the second housing 2. The excitation source 10 is a gas generating device, which is ignited by receiving a trigger electric signal and releases a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas as the driving force. The installation position of the excitation source 10 is set on the principle of saving space and meeting the requirement of driving the piston 9 to displace.

[0045] A three-dimensional space type conductive plate structure is provided in the first housing 1 and the second housing 2, and it is a flat plate structure. The first conductive plate 3 and the second conductive plate 4 are arranged through at least two housing walls in the first housing 1 and the second housing 2, that is, the pre-fracture 7 passes between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2. The first conductive plate 3 and the second conductive plate 4 respectively pass through the opposite side walls of the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 on both sides of the pre-fracture 7, and then are bent to be located on the outer side surface of the same side wall of the first housing 1 and the second housing 2. By using spatial geometry settings and the flat plate structure, as much as possible of the housing wall passed through by the conductive plate structure is covered, improving the strength of the housing wall at the passing-through position; importantly, by using spatial geometry settings, the wiring ends of the conductive plate structure are prevented from protruding outside the housing, reducing the space occupied by the fuse structure, making the fuse structure more compact and smaller in volume.

[0046] The wiring ends of the fuse structure are located on the same side of the housing of the fuse structure. When it is connected to the main circuit, the current direction of the main circuit is from one wiring end to the other wiring end, and the current direction of the main circuit is parallel to the piston displacement direction.

[0047] The three-dimensional space conductive plate structure is bent multiple times, which greatly increases the surface area of the conductive plate structure, improves the heat dissipation performance, and reduces the overall temperature of the fuse structure. Moreover, without changing the volume of the fuse structure, by only changing the spatial structure of the three-dimensional space conductive plate structure, that is, changing the length, width, thickness, etc., the current-carrying capacity of the conductive plate structure can be changed.

[0048] Working principle process:

[0049] When there is an overload or short-circuit current, the signal fuse 5 melts, and the excitation source 10 acts according to the trigger electric signal received from the self-excitation trigger circuit, releases the driving force, drives the piston 9 to displace towards the pre-breaking port 7, and the piston 9 disconnects the pre-breaking port 7 to disconnect the main circuit.

[0050] When there is an abnormal situation or the self-excitation trigger circuit does not act, the excitation source 10 can receive the trigger signal sent by the external trigger circuit to act, release the driving force, drive the piston 9 to displace towards the pre-breaking port 7, and the piston 9 disconnects the pre-breaking port 7 to disconnect the main circuit.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the bends are all 90-degree angle bends. In other embodiments, the bends can be at other angles, and the number of bends is not limited, as long as the spatial geometric structure of the three-dimensional space conductive plate structure is satisfied.

Claims

1. A miniaturized intelligent fuse structure, characterized in that, Comprising: a housing, and an excitation source, a piston, a signal fuse, and a three-dimensional space conductive plate structure disposed in the housing; The three-dimensional space conductive plate structure includes a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate, and the signal fuse is connected in series between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate; a pre-breaking port is provided on the first conductive plate, the pre-breaking port penetrates through the housing, the piston is disposed opposite to the pre-breaking port, and the cavity where the driving force release end of the excitation source is located communicates with the cavity where the end of the piston away from the pre-breaking port is located; The portions of the first conductive plate on both sides of the pre-breaking port are bent in opposite directions towards the pre-breaking port and are respectively located in the housing wall of the housing. Wherein, one end of the first conductive plate is sequentially connected in series with the signal fuse and the second conductive plate, and the other end of the first conductive plate extends out of the housing and then bends, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the housing adjacent to the pre-breaking port as one wiring terminal of the fuse structure; the end of the second conductive plate not connected to the signal fuse extends out of the housing and then bends, and is attached to the outer side surface of one end of the housing adjacent to the pre-breaking port as the other wiring terminal of the fuse structure, and the two wiring terminals of the fuse structure are located on the same side of the housing parallel to the piston displacement direction, so that the piston displacement direction is parallel to the main circuit current direction; The signal receiving end of the excitation source is electrically connected to both ends of the signal fuse through a self-excitation trigger circuit; When the signal fuse melts, the self-excitation trigger circuit sends a self-excitation trigger signal to the excitation source, causing the excitation source to act, releasing a driving force to drive the piston to displace and disconnect from the pre-breaking port.

2. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-breaking port is a structure for reducing the mechanical strength of the first conductive plate.

3. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 2, wherein, The pre-breaking port is a variable cross-section structure or at least one groove structure penetrating the width of the first conductive plate.

4. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the signal receiving end of the excitation source is located outside the housing as a connection node for connecting to an external trigger circuit.

5. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A narrow neck is provided on the signal fuse.

6. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A receiving groove is provided on the outer side surface of the housing where the wiring terminal of the fuse structure is provided, and the ends of the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate serving as wiring terminals are located in the receiving groove.

7. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bends are all 90-degree angle bends.

8. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the pre-breaking port is located between the first housing and the second housing, and the two wiring terminals of the fuse structure are respectively located on the outer side surfaces of the same side of the first housing and the second housing.

9. The miniaturized intelligent fuse structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The signal fuse, the second conductive plate, the excitation source, and the piston are respectively located in the first housing, and one end of the first conductive plate connected to the signal fuse is located in the first housing.

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