Three-stage circulation energy-saving device for ammonia desulfurization tower of thermal power plant

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pot ammonia desulfurization process devices, and discloses a thermal power plant ammonia desulfurization tower three-stage circulation energy-saving device which comprises a spray tower body, one side of the upper end of an oxidation box is fixedly connected with a first circulating pump, and the output end of the first circulating pump is fixedly connected with a first connecting pipe; a desulfurization spraying layer is fixedly connected to the interior of the spraying tower body, a second circulating pump is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the filtering box, and a cleaning spraying layer is fixedly connected to the upper end of the interior of the spraying tower body. According to the three-stage circulating energy-saving device for the ammonia desulfurization tower of the thermal power plant, circulation of a desulfurization agent and circulation of a cleaning agent are controlled through the first circulating pump and the second circulating pump respectively, it is ensured that a desulfurization spraying layer and a cleaning spraying layer respectively use independent media, and therefore mixing of different chemical substances is avoided, the pollution risk is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved. The cleaning and spraying layer is responsible for being matched with the demister to remove tiny particles and residues in the flue gas, and the whole purification efficiency is improved through the synergistic effect of the cleaning and spraying layer and the demister.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of the pot ammonia desulfurization process device, and particularly relates to a three-stage circulation energy-saving device for an ammonia desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of the desulfurization tower, which is the core of the ammonia desulfurization process, mainly includes two processes: absorption and reaction. In the absorption process, the combustion waste gas passes through a sprayer or atomizer and contacts a solution called a desulfurizing agent. The desulfurizing agent is usually an alkaline solution, such as sodium hydroxide or lime slurry. The desulfurizing agent forms hydroxide ions through water molecules in the solution, and then chemically reacts with sulfur dioxide to generate thiosulfate, absorbing sulfur dioxide from the waste gas.

[0003] In the existing ammonia desulfurization process, due to the different characteristics of the liquid materials in different circulation sections and the existence of a circulation supplement relationship, the situation of mutual interference, pollution, and corrosion of the liquid materials inevitably occurs. Utility Model Content

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, this application provides a three-stage circulation energy-saving device for an ammonia desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant, which has the advantages of extending the maintenance cycle of the desulfurization process equipment, etc., and solves the problem that in the existing ammonia desulfurization process, due to the different characteristics of the liquid materials in different circulation sections and the existence of a circulation supplement relationship, the situation of mutual interference, pollution, and corrosion of the liquid materials inevitably occurs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, this application provides the following technical solution: A three-stage circulation energy-saving device for an ammonia desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant, including a spray tower body. The bottom end of the spray tower body is fixedly connected with a water tank. The upper end of the water tank is fixedly connected with an oxidation tank. One side of the upper end of the oxidation tank is fixedly connected with a first circulation pump. The output end of the first circulation pump is fixedly connected with a first connecting pipe. One end of the upper end of the oxidation tank far from the first circulation pump is fixedly connected with a first return pipe. Inside the spray tower body, a desulfurization spraying layer is fixedly connected, and two first guide plates arranged in parallel and opposite to each other are fixedly connected inside the spray tower body.

[0006] The upper end of the water tank is fixedly connected with a filtration tank. One side of the upper end of the filtration tank is fixedly connected with a second circulation pump. One end of the upper end of the filtration tank far from the second circulation pump is fixedly connected with a second return pipe. The output end of the second circulation pump is fixedly connected with a second connecting pipe. Inside the upper end of the spray tower body, a cleaning spraying layer is fixedly connected. An eliminator is fixedly connected inside the spray tower body, and two second guide plates arranged in parallel and opposite to each other are fixedly connected inside the spray tower body.

[0007] Through the above solution, the circulation of the desulfurizer and the cleaning agent is controlled by the first circulation pump and the second circulation pump respectively, ensuring that the desulfurization spraying layer and the cleaning spraying layer each use independent media, thus avoiding the mixing of different chemical substances and reducing the pollution risk. The desulfurization spraying layer uses the desulfurizer to react with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to effectively remove pollutants, while the cleaning spraying layer is responsible for cooperating with the demister to remove fine particulate matter and residues in the flue gas. The two work together to improve the overall purification efficiency. The first deflector and the second deflector arranged inside the spray tower body help to optimize the flow paths of the flue gas and the spray liquid, improve the spraying efficiency and the contact area, thereby enhancing the desulfurization and cleaning effects. The design of the first return pipe and the second return pipe realizes the recycling and reuse of wastewater, reduces water resource consumption, and improves the water-saving efficiency.

[0008] Further, a smoke inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the spray tower body.

[0009] Through the above solution, as the channel for the flue gas to enter the spray tower body, the smoke inlet pipe can stably and orderly guide the flue gas to be treated into the tower, which ensures that the flue gas can be evenly distributed in the spray tower.

[0010] Further, a third circulation pump is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water tank. The output end of the third circulation pump is fixedly connected to a third connecting pipe. A cooling spraying layer is fixedly connected to the bottom end inside the spray tower body.

[0011] Through the above solution, the combination of the third circulation pump and the cooling spraying layer enables the spray tower to control the temperature of the incoming flue gas. When the high-temperature flue gas enters the desulfurization tower, the cooling water is sprayed through the cooling spraying layer to reduce the temperature of the flue gas, prevent high temperature from damaging the desulfurizer and the desulfurization equipment, and at the same time is conducive to improving the desulfurization efficiency, reducing the direct impact of the high-acidity and high-temperature liquid on the equipment, and reducing the wear rate of the equipment, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0012] Further, a smoke exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spray tower body. An exhaust fan is fixedly connected inside the smoke exhaust pipe. Four columns arranged in a circular array are fixed at the upper end of the smoke exhaust pipe. A rain shield is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four columns.

[0013] Through the above solution, the introduction of the exhaust fan not only helps with smoke exhaust, but also promotes the flow of the flue gas inside the tower to a certain extent, improves the contact efficiency between the desulfurization spraying layer and the cleaning spraying layer and the flue gas, and thus further enhances the desulfurization and cleaning effects.

[0014] Further, a water injection pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water tank. A sealing cover is threadedly connected to the upper end of the water injection pipe. A drain pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water tank.

[0015] Through the above solution, the water injection pipe is used to inject coolant into the water tank. When the medium in the water tank needs to be replaced or cleaned, the waste liquid can be discharged through the drain pipe, and then new medium can be replenished through the water injection pipe. This design makes the maintenance and management of the water tank more convenient and efficient.

[0016] Further, one end of the first connecting pipe away from the first circulation pump is fixedly connected to the desulfurization spraying layer, and one end of the first return pipe away from the oxidation tank is fixedly connected to the spray tower body.

[0017] Through the above solution, the first connecting pipe directly transports the desulfurization agent output by the first circulation pump to the desulfurization spraying layer. In this way, the desulfurization agent can be sprayed into the interior of the spray tower body in a uniform and stable manner to react with pollutants such as sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of desulfurization. After the desulfurization agent sprayed by the desulfurization spraying layer reacts with the flue gas, it flows back to the upper end of the first guide plate under the action of gravity and is transported back to the oxidation tank through the first return pipe for reprocessing or recycling.

[0018] Further, one end of the second connecting pipe away from the second circulation pump is fixedly connected to the cleaning spraying layer, and one end of the second return pipe away from the filter tank is fixedly connected to the spray tower body.

[0019] Through the above solution, the second connecting pipe directly transports the cleaning medium output by the second circulation pump to the cleaning spraying layer. The cleaning medium can be sprayed onto the upper end of the demister in a uniform and stable manner to clean it, removing the dirt and residues attached to it. The cleaning medium sprayed by the cleaning spraying layer flows back to the upper end of the second guide plate under the action of gravity and is transported back to the filter tank through the second return pipe for filtration treatment. The filter tank can remove impurities and particulate matter in the medium, ensuring the purity and reuse effect of the cleaning medium.

[0020] Further, one end of the third connecting pipe away from the third circulation pump is fixedly connected to the cooling spraying layer.

[0021] Through the above solution, the third connecting pipe directly transports the cooling medium output by the third circulation pump to the cooling spraying layer. The cooling medium can be sprayed into the interior of the spray tower body in a uniform and stable manner to pre-cool the high-temperature flue gas entering the tower and reduce its temperature.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The three-stage circulation energy-saving device for an ammonia-based desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant ensures the separate independent circulation of desulfurization agent and cleaning agent by setting up an independent desulfurization spraying layer and a cleaning spraying layer, which are controlled by the first circulation pump and the second circulation pump respectively. This avoids the mixing of different chemical substances, thereby improving the desulfurization and cleaning efficiency and reducing the pollution risk. The desulfurization spraying layer reacts with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas using the desulfurization agent, effectively removing pollutants; the cleaning spraying layer cooperates with the demister to remove fine particles and residues in the flue gas. The two work together to enhance the overall purification effect. The device is designed with a first return pipe and a second return pipe to recover the waste liquid of the desulfurization agent and the cleaning agent respectively, and reprocess or recycle them through an oxidation tank and a filtration tank, significantly reducing water consumption and improving water-saving efficiency. The introduction of a third circulation pump and a cooling spraying layer pre-cools the high-temperature flue gas entering the spray tower, preventing damage to the desulfurization agent and desulfurization equipment caused by high temperature, while improving the desulfurization efficiency and extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application structure;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the desulfurization layer structure of the application structure;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the demisting and cleaning structure of the application structure;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the smoke exhaust structure of the application structure.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1. Spray tower body; 2. Water tank; 3. Oxidation tank; 4. First circulation pump; 5. First connecting pipe; 6. First return pipe; 7. Desulfurization spraying layer; 8. First deflector; 9. Filtration tank; 10. Second circulation pump; 11. Second return pipe; 12. Second connecting pipe; 13. Cleaning spraying layer; 14. Demister; 15. Second deflector; 16. Inlet smoke pipe; 17. Third circulation pump; 18. Third connecting pipe; 19. Cooling spraying layer; 20. Smoke exhaust pipe; 21. Exhaust fan; 22. Support column; 23. Rain shield; 24. Water injection pipe; 25. Sealing cover; 26. Drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 For a three-stage circulating energy-saving device for an ammonia-based desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant in this embodiment, it includes a spray tower body 1. The bottom end of the spray tower body 1 is fixedly connected to a water tank 2. The upper end of the water tank 2 is fixedly connected to an oxidation tank 3. One side of the upper end of the oxidation tank 3 is fixedly connected to a first circulation pump 4. The output end of the first circulation pump 4 is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe 5. One end of the upper end of the oxidation tank 3 far from the first circulation pump 4 is fixedly connected to a first return pipe 6. Inside the spray tower body 1, a desulfurization spraying layer 7 is fixedly connected. Inside the spray tower body 1, two first guide plates 8 arranged parallel and opposite to each other are fixedly connected. The upper end of the water tank 2 is fixedly connected to a filtration tank 9. One side of the upper end of the filtration tank 9 is fixedly connected to a second circulation pump 10. One end of the upper end of the filtration tank 9 far from the second circulation pump 10 is fixedly connected to a second return pipe 11. The output end of the second circulation pump 10 is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe 12. Inside the upper end of the spray tower body 1, a cleaning spraying layer 13 is fixedly connected. Inside the spray tower body 1, a demister 14 is fixedly connected. Inside the spray tower body 1, two second guide plates 15 arranged parallel and opposite to each other are fixedly connected. By controlling the circulation of the desulfurizing agent and the cleaning agent through the first circulation pump 4 and the second circulation pump 10 respectively, it ensures that the desulfurization spraying layer 7 and the cleaning spraying layer 13 each use independent media, thus avoiding the mixing of different chemical substances and reducing the pollution risk. The first guide plates 8 and the second guide plates 15 help to optimize the flow paths of the flue gas and the spraying liquid, improve the spraying efficiency and the contact area, and thus enhance the desulfurization and cleaning effects. The designs of the first return pipe 6 and the second return pipe 11 achieve the recycling of wastewater, reduce the water resource consumption, and improve the water-saving efficiency.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4, a smoke inlet pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the spray tower body 1. The smoke inlet pipe 16 serves as a passage for flue gas to enter the spray tower body 1 and can stably and orderly guide the flue gas to be treated into the tower, which ensures that the flue gas can be evenly distributed in the spray tower. A third circulation pump 17 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water tank 2. The output end of the third circulation pump 17 is fixedly connected to a third connecting pipe 18. A cooling spray layer 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom end inside the spray tower body 1. The combination of the third circulation pump 17 and the cooling spray layer 19 enables the spray tower to control the temperature of the incoming flue gas. When high-temperature flue gas enters the desulfurization tower, cooling water is sprayed through the cooling spray layer 19 to reduce the temperature of the flue gas, prevent high temperature from damaging the desulfurizer and desulfurization equipment, and at the same time is conducive to improving the desulfurization efficiency, reducing the direct impact of high-acidity and high-temperature liquid on the equipment, and reducing the wear rate of the equipment, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. A smoke exhaust pipe 20 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spray tower body 1. A suction fan 21 is fixedly connected inside the smoke exhaust pipe 20. Four support columns 22 arranged in a circular array are fixed to the upper end of the smoke exhaust pipe 20. A rain shield 23 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four support columns 22. The introduction of the suction fan 21 not only helps with smoke exhaust but also promotes the flow of flue gas in the tower to a certain extent, improving the contact efficiency between the desulfurization spray layer 7 and the cleaning spray layer 13 and the flue gas, thereby further enhancing the desulfurization and cleaning effects. A water injection pipe 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water tank 2. A sealing cap 25 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the water injection pipe 24. A drain pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water tank 2. The water injection pipe 24 is used to inject coolant into the water tank 2. When the medium in the water tank 2 needs to be replaced or cleaned, the waste liquid can be discharged through the drain pipe 26, and then new medium can be replenished through the water injection pipe 24. This design makes the maintenance and management of the water tank 2 more convenient and efficient.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, one end of the first connecting pipe 5 away from the first circulation pump 4 is fixedly connected to the desulfurization spraying layer 7, and one end of the first return pipe 6 away from the oxidation tank 3 is fixedly connected to the spray tower body 1. The first connecting pipe 5 directly conveys the desulfurizing agent output by the first circulation pump 4 to the desulfurization spraying layer 7. In this way, the desulfurizing agent can be sprayed into the interior of the spray tower body 1 in a uniform and stable manner, reacting with pollutants such as sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of desulfurization. After the desulfurizing agent sprayed by the desulfurization spraying layer 7 reacts with the flue gas, it flows back to the upper end of the first deflector 8 under the action of gravity and is conveyed back to the oxidation tank 3 through the first return pipe 6 for reprocessing or recycling. One end of the second connecting pipe 12 away from the second circulation pump 10 is fixedly connected to the cleaning spraying layer 13, and one end of the second return pipe 11 away from the filtration tank 9 is fixedly connected to the spray tower body 1. The second connecting pipe 12 directly conveys the cleaning medium output by the second circulation pump 10 to the cleaning spraying layer 13. The cleaning medium can be sprayed onto the upper end of the demister 14 in a uniform and stable manner to clean it, removing dirt and residues attached to it. The cleaning medium sprayed by the cleaning spraying layer 13 flows back to the upper end of the second deflector 15 under the action of gravity and is conveyed back to the filtration tank 9 through the second return pipe 11 for filtration treatment. The filtration tank 9 can remove impurities and particulate matter in the medium, ensuring the purity and reuse effect of the cleaning medium. One end of the third connecting pipe 18 away from the third circulation pump 17 is fixedly connected to the cooling spraying layer 19. The third connecting pipe 18 directly conveys the cooling medium output by the third circulation pump 17 to the cooling spraying layer 19. The cooling medium can be sprayed into the interior of the spray tower body 1 in a uniform and stable manner to pre-cool the high-temperature flue gas entering the tower and reduce its temperature.

[0034] In this embodiment, for the three-stage circulation energy-saving device of the ammonia method desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant, by setting up an independent desulfurization spraying layer 7 and a cleaning spraying layer 13, and being controlled by the first circulation pump 4 and the second circulation pump 10 respectively, it ensures that the desulfurizing agent and the cleaning agent can circulate independently, avoiding the mixing of different chemical substances, thereby improving the desulfurization and cleaning efficiency and reducing the pollution risk. The desulfurization spraying layer 7 uses the desulfurizing agent to react with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, effectively removing pollutants. The cleaning spraying layer 13 cooperates with the demister 14 to remove fine particulate matter and residues in the flue gas. The two work together to enhance the overall purification effect. The device is designed with a first return pipe 6 and a second return pipe 11 to respectively recover the waste liquid of the desulfurizing agent and the cleaning agent, and through the oxidation tank 3 and the filtration tank 9 for reprocessing or recycling, significantly reducing the consumption of water resources and improving the water-saving efficiency. The third circulation pump 17 and the cooling spraying layer 19 are introduced to pre-cool the high-temperature flue gas entering the spray tower, preventing high temperature from damaging the desulfurizing agent and desulfurization equipment, while improving the desulfurization efficiency and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0035] It should be noted that both the first deflector 8 and the second deflector 15 are inclined and parallel to each other, and the first deflector 8 and the second deflector 15 are arranged at an intersection of 90 degrees.

[0036] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0037] First, the flue gas to be treated enters the spray tower body 1 through the flue gas inlet pipe 16. The flue gas entering the spray tower body 1 first encounters the cooling spray layer 19. The third circulation pump 17 transports the cooling medium to the cooling spray layer 19 through the third connecting pipe 18. The sprayed cooling medium pre-cools the high-temperature flue gas and reduces its temperature to prevent high temperature from damaging the subsequent desulfurization agent and desulfurization equipment. The cooled flue gas continues to rise and encounters the desulfurization spray layer 7. The first circulation pump 4 transports the desulfurization agent to the desulfurization spray layer 7 through the first connecting pipe 5. The desulfurization agent is sprayed into the flue gas in a uniform and stable manner to react with pollutants such as sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, generating compounds such as ammonium sulfate, thereby achieving the purpose of desulfurization. The reacted desulfurization agent flows back to the upper end of the first deflector 8 by gravity and is transported back to the oxidation tank 3 through the first return pipe 6 for reprocessing or recycling. The flue gas after desulfurization treatment continues to rise, and the mist eliminator 14 removes the water mist. The second circulation pump 10 transports the cleaning medium to the cleaning spray layer 13 through the second connecting pipe 12. The cleaning medium is sprayed onto the upper end of the mist eliminator 14 in a uniform and stable manner to clean the mist eliminator 14 and remove the residues attached thereto. The cleaned cleaning medium flows back to the upper end of the second deflector 15 by gravity and is transported back to the filtration tank 9 through the second return pipe 11 for filtration treatment to ensure the purity and reusability of the cleaning medium. The exhaust fan 21 in the exhaust pipe 20 promotes the flow of the flue gas, improves the contact efficiency between the desulfurization spray layer 7 and the cleaning spray layer 13 and the flue gas, and at the same time helps the flue gas to be discharged smoothly. The rain shield 23 prevents external factors such as rain from entering the exhaust pipe 20 and protects the normal operation of the equipment. When the medium in the water tank 2 needs to be replaced or cleaned, the waste liquid is discharged through the drain pipe 26, and new medium is replenished through the water injection pipe 24. The sealing cover 25 at the upper end of the water injection pipe 24 ensures the sealing performance during the filling process.

[0038] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ammonia-based desulfurization tower three-stage circulation energy-saving device for thermal power plants, comprising a spray tower body (1), characterized in that: The bottom end of the spray tower body (1) is fixedly connected to a water tank (2). The upper end of the water tank (2) is fixedly connected to an oxidation tank (3). One side of the upper end of the oxidation tank (3) is fixedly connected to a first circulation pump (4). The output end of the first circulation pump (4) is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe (5). One end of the upper end of the oxidation tank (3) far from the first circulation pump (4) is fixedly connected to a first return pipe (6). Inside the spray tower body (1), a desulfurization spraying layer (7) is fixedly connected. Inside the spray tower body (1), two first guide plates (8) are fixedly connected in a parallel and opposite manner; The upper end of the water tank (2) is fixedly connected to a filtration tank (9). One side of the upper end of the filtration tank (9) is fixedly connected to a second circulation pump (10). One end of the upper end of the filtration tank (9) far from the second circulation pump (10) is fixedly connected to a second return pipe (11). The output end of the second circulation pump (10) is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe (12). Inside the upper end of the spray tower body (1), a cleaning spraying layer (13) is fixedly connected. Inside the spray tower body (1), a demister (14) is fixedly connected. Inside the spray tower body (1), two second guide plates (15) are fixedly connected in a parallel and opposite manner.

2. The three-stage circulation energy-saving device for an ammonia-based desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom end of the outer wall of the spray tower body (1) is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe (16).

3. The three-stage circulation energy-saving device for ammonia-based desulfurization tower in thermal power plant according to claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the water tank (2) is fixedly connected to a third circulation pump (17). The output end of the third circulation pump (17) is fixedly connected to a third connecting pipe (18). Inside the bottom end of the spray tower body (1), a cooling spraying layer (19) is fixedly connected.

4. An ammonia-based desulfurization tower three-stage circulation energy-saving device for thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the spray tower body (1) is fixedly connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (20). Inside the smoke exhaust pipe (20), an exhaust fan (21) is fixedly connected. Four support columns (22) are fixed at the upper end of the smoke exhaust pipe (20) and are arranged in a circular array. The upper ends of the four support columns (22) are fixedly connected to a rain shield (23).

5. An ammonia-based desulfurization tower three-stage circulation energy-saving device for thermal power plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the water tank (2) is fixedly connected to a water injection pipe (24). The upper end of the water injection pipe (24) is threadedly connected to a sealing cover (25). The outer wall of the water tank (2) is fixedly connected to a drain pipe (26).

6. The energy-saving device for the three-stage circulation of an ammonia-based desulfurization tower in a thermal power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the first connecting pipe (5) far from the first circulation pump (4) is fixedly connected to the desulfurization spraying layer (7). One end of the first return pipe (6) far from the oxidation tank (3) is fixedly connected to the spray tower body (1).

7. The three-stage circulation energy-saving device for ammonia-based desulfurization tower in thermal power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the second connecting pipe (12) far from the second circulation pump (10) is fixedly connected to the cleaning spraying layer (13). One end of the second return pipe (11) far from the filtration tank (9) is fixedly connected to the spray tower body (1).

8. The three-stage circulation energy-saving device for ammonia-based desulfurization tower in thermal power plant according to claim 3, wherein: One end of the third connecting pipe (18) far from the third circulation pump (17) is fixedly connected to the cooling spraying layer (19).

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