Chip welding pressure self-adaptive controller
By introducing pressure sensors and temperature sensors into the automatic pointing soldering equipment, real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the contact force of the welding gun head and the chip pin are achieved, which solves the problems of poor welding quality and shortened equipment life, and improves the welding effect and equipment reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422202671.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing automatic point tin soldering equipment has instability in the contact force and temperature control of the welding gun head and chip pin, resulting in poor soldering quality and shortened equipment life.
The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are used to cooperate with the control circuit to monitor the contact force and temperature between the welding gun head and the chip pin in real time, automatically adjust the working mode of the electric push rod, ensure the appropriate contact force and temperature, and promptly prompt abnormal situations.
It improves welding quality, extends the service life of the welding gun, and reduces the chance of chips and other damage.
Smart Images
Figure CN223146193U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of welding auxiliary equipment, in particular to a chip welding pressure adaptive controller. Background Technique
[0002] In the production of electronic factories, the automatic spot soldering equipment is a widely used device. Its main structure includes a control system based on PLC or a host computer, a welding gun, a wire feeding mechanism, a driving mechanism, etc. When specifically working on welding chips and electronic components, the control system controls the driving mechanism to drive the welding gun to move left or right, forward or backward, up or down, and in a circular manner (the electric push rod pushes the welding gun down or up) according to the internal programming, so as to weld the chips and electronic components installed on the circuit board. The wire feeding mechanism (installed on one side of the upper end of the welding gun) controls the continuous input of solder wire to the lower end of the welding gun head of the welding gun under the action of the control system, and the solder wire is melted by the heat of the welding gun head. Then, the melted solder welds a corresponding pin of the chip or electronic component to the circuit board.
[0003] Although the existing automatic soldering equipment can meet the production needs to a certain extent, due to structural limitations, there are still some problems that need to be improved urgently. Specifically, the contact surface and force of the lower end of the soldering gun head with the pin points of chips, etc. are controlled according to the programming software instructions of the control system, that is, the up and down travel time of the soldering gun head is constant. In this way, after the lower end of the soldering gun head becomes lower in height after being used for a period of time (the soldering gun head has high heat and will wear and become lower in height during welding, and in order to achieve a good welding effect before and after each operation, it is also necessary to grind the oxides at the lower end of the soldering gun head with a file, etc., and its height will also become lower), it is necessary for the staff to adjust the height of the soldering gun at the lower end of the electric push rod in real time, or adjust the output power time of the control system. When the above adjustment method is used by inexperienced staff and the soldering gun height is not effectively adjusted in place, or there is a problem with modifying the output power time program of the control system, then during operation, when the soldering gun height is relatively low or the output power time of the control system is too long (the positive and negative power supplies of the control system enter the positive and negative power input ends of the electric push rod, and the time for the electric push rod to push the soldering gun downward is too long), it may cause the contact force between the lower end of the soldering gun head and the welding point of the chip to be too large, which has an adverse impact on the welding work, and in extreme cases, it may even cause damage to the soldering gun or chip, etc. In addition, the temperature of the soldering gun head is controlled by the control system through the voltage level of the output power supply. When the output voltage is high, the soldering gun heats up and the temperature of the soldering gun head is relatively high; conversely, it is relatively low. In this way, when the program of the control system or the power supply voltage is too high, it may cause the temperature of the soldering gun head heated by the soldering gun to be too high, which also has an impact on the welding work (specifically, high temperature will accelerate the oxidation of the solder joints, thus affecting the welding quality; too high temperature will cause the solder joints to burn, even burn through, affecting the strength and electrical performance of the solder joints; too high temperature will also cause depressions on the surface of the solder joints and melt through the solder joints, and the appearance of the solder joints is not beautiful), and when the temperature of the soldering gun and the soldering gun head is too high, it also shortens their service life. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the disadvantages described in the background due to structural limitations of the existing automatic soldering equipment, the present invention provides a chip welding pressure adaptive controller that is used in cooperation with the automatic soldering equipment. During application, when the control system of the automatic soldering equipment outputs power and controls the electric push rod to drive the soldering gun downward, it can automatically detect the pressure between the lower end of the soldering gun head and the welding points of the pins of the chip, etc. with the circuit board. When the pressure is too high, it can automatically adjust the working mode of the electric push rod in the reverse direction, so that the distance and contact force between the lower end of the soldering gun head and the welding points of the pins of the chip, etc. with the circuit board are at an appropriate level, and when the temperature of the soldering gun head exceeds the normal temperature abnormally, it can prompt the staff to check the cause of the failure in time, which can ensure a good welding effect as much as possible, improve the service life of the soldering gun, and reduce the probability of damage to the chip, etc.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:
[0006] A chip soldering pressure adaptive controller includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. It is characterized in that it also has a control circuit and a temperature detection circuit. The electric push rod and the soldering gun of the automatic tin soldering equipment are a split mechanism. The upper end of the pressure sensor is installed together with the lower end of the push column of the electric push rod, and the lower end of the pressure sensor is installed together with the installation station at the upper end of the soldering gun. A fixed clamp is installed on one side of the upper part of the soldering gun head, and the temperature sensor is installed in the fixed clamp. The control circuit and the temperature detection circuit are installed in the component bin. The positive and negative power output terminals of the electric push rod of the control system of the automatic tin soldering equipment and the control power input terminal of the control circuit are electrically connected respectively. The signal output terminal of the pressure sensor and the signal input terminal of the control circuit are electrically connected. The power output terminal of the control circuit and the positive and negative power input terminals of the electric push rod are electrically connected. The two wiring terminals of the temperature sensor are electrically connected in series between the two signal input terminals of the temperature detection circuit.
[0007] Further, the control circuit includes a variable resistor, a resistor, a triode, and a relay that are electrically connected. One end of the variable resistor is connected to one end of the resistor and the base of the triode. The emitter of the triode is connected to the other end of the resistor. The collector of the triode is connected to the negative power input terminal of the relay.
[0008] Further, the temperature detection circuit includes a buzzer, a resistor, and a triode that are electrically connected. One end of the resistor is connected to the base of the triode. The collector of the triode is connected to the negative power input terminal of the buzzer. The emitter of the triode is connected to the other end of the resistor.
[0009] Further, the temperature sensing surface of the temperature sensor is closely attached to the outside of the soldering gun head.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: This new type is mainly used in cooperation with the automatic tin soldering equipment. During application, when the control system of the automatic tin soldering equipment outputs power and controls the electric push rod to drive the soldering gun to move downward, the pressure sensor can automatically detect the pressure between the lower end of the soldering gun head of the soldering gun and the welding points of pins such as chips and the circuit board. When the pressure is too high, under the action of the control circuit, it can automatically adjust the working mode of the electric push rod in the reverse direction, so that the distance and contact force between the lower end of the soldering gun head and the welding points of pins such as chips and the circuit board are at an appropriate level. It can also detect the temperature of the soldering gun head in real time through the temperature sensor and the temperature detection circuit. When the temperature is too high and abnormal, it can prompt the staff to check the cause of the fault in time, ensuring a good welding effect as much as possible, improving the service life of the soldering gun, and reducing the probability of damage to chips and the like. Description of the Drawings
[0011] The following will further illustrate the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
[0012] Figure 1This is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the utility model. Specific embodiments
[0014] Figure 1 、 2 As shown in [description of the figure], a chip soldering pressure adaptive controller includes a power supply module A1, a pressure sensor A2, a temperature sensor RT, and also has a control circuit 2 and a temperature detection circuit 6. The lower end of the push rod of the electric push rod M1 of the automatic soldering equipment and the soldering gun 3 are a split mechanism. The upper end of the pressure sensor A2 is installed together with the lower end of the push rod of the electric push rod M1 through bolts. The lower end of the force receiving surface of the pressure sensor A2 and the installation station at the upper end of the soldering gun 3 are installed together through bolts. A "]"-shaped fixing clip 31 is welded on the upper right side of the soldering gun head 32 of the soldering gun 3. The temperature sensor RT is tightly sleeved and installed in the fixing clip 31, and the temperature sensing surface of the temperature sensor is closely attached to the outside of the soldering gun head 32. The control circuit 2, the temperature detection circuit 6, and the power supply module A1 are installed in the component bin 6 of the automatic soldering equipment.
[0015] Figure 1 、 2 As shown in [description of the figure], the control circuit includes a variable resistor RP, a resistor R, a triode Q, and a relay K connected by circuit board wiring. One end of the variable resistor RP, one end of the resistor R, and the base of the triode Q are connected. The emitter of the triode Q is connected to the other end of the resistor R. The collector of the triode Q is connected to the negative power input terminal of the relay K. The temperature detection circuit includes a buzzer B1, a resistor R1, and a triode Q1 connected by circuit board wiring. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base of the triode Q1. The collector of the triode Q1 is connected to the negative power input terminal of the buzzer B1. The emitter of the triode Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1.
[0016] Figure 1 、 2As shown, the power input terminals 1 and 2 of the power module A1 are respectively connected to the two poles of the AC 220V power supply through wires. The power output terminals 3 and 4 of the power module A1, the power input terminals 1 and 2 of the pressure sensor A2, the positive power input terminal of the relay K of the power input terminal of the control circuit and the emitter of the triode Q, the positive power input terminal of the buzzer B1 of the power input terminal of the temperature detection circuit and the emitter of the triode Q1 are respectively connected through wires; the positive and negative power output terminal interfaces a and b of the electric push rod of the automatic soldering equipment control system PLC and the two control power input terminals of the relay K of the control circuit are respectively connected through wires; the signal output terminal 3 of the pressure sensor A2 and the other end of the adjustable resistor RP of the signal input terminal of the control circuit are connected through a wire, and the two normally closed contact terminals of the relay K at the power output terminal of the control circuit and the positive and negative power input terminals of the electric push rod M1 are respectively connected through wires (the positive and negative power output terminal interfaces c and d of the electric push rod of the automatic soldering equipment control system and the positive and negative power input terminals of the electric push rod M1 are respectively connected through wires). The two wiring terminals of the temperature sensor RT are connected in series between the positive power input terminal of the buzzer B1 and the other end of the resistor R1 at the two signal input terminals of the temperature detection circuit through wires.
[0017] Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this new type is mainly used in cooperation with an automatic soldering equipment. In the application, when the automatic soldering equipment specifically works to solder chip-level electronic components, the control system PLC (in this implementation, it is preset by technicians that the power supply time output from the positive and negative power output terminal interfaces a and b of the electric push rod of the control system is slightly longer than the power supply time output from the positive and negative power output terminal interfaces a and b of the electric push rod in the prior art, for example, 2 seconds longer, to ensure that the lower end of the soldering gun head can contact the chip pins and the circuit board, etc.; it is a mature technology in the prior art that technicians preset the power supply time output from the positive and negative power output terminal interfaces a and b of the electric push rod of the control system to be longer, and this new type does not elaborate on it and does not claim any protection for this technical point) drives the driving mechanism to drive the soldering gun 3 to move left or right, forward or backward, up or down and in a circular manner, etc. (the electric push rod M1 pushes the soldering gun 3 down or up) according to the internal programming to solder the chips and electronic components installed on the circuit board. The wire feeding mechanism 5 (installed on one side of the upper end of the soldering gun) controls the continuous input of solder wire to the lower end of the soldering gun head of the soldering gun 3 under the action of the control system, and the solder wire is melted by the heat of the soldering gun head 32, and then the melted solder solders a corresponding pin of the chip or electronic component to the circuit board. After the 220V AC power supply enters the power input terminal of the power module A1, the stable DC 12V power supply output from the 3rd and 4th pins of the power module A1 enters the power input terminals of the control circuit, the pressure sensor, the temperature detection circuit, etc.
[0018] Figure 1 , 2As shown, after the pressure sensor A2 is powered on, when the lower end of the welding gun head contacts the chip pins or the circuit board with little contact force (or no contact), the voltage signal output by its 3rd pin is relatively low. On the contrary, when the welding gun head contacts the chip pins or the circuit board with great contact force, the voltage signal output by its 3rd pin is relatively large. In actual situations, when the lower end of the welding gun head contacts the chip pin or the contact force of the circuit board is too small (for example, the force fed back to the force-bearing surface of the pressure sensor is less than 50 grams), the voltage signal output by pin 3 of the pressure sensor A2 is relatively low. The voltage signal is divided by the adjustable resistor RP and the resistor R and enters the base of the transistor Q, which is lower than 0.7V. The transistor Q will not conduct, and the relay continues to lose power and does not attract the control power input terminal and the normally closed contact terminal to close. At this moment, the positive and negative power output from the positive and negative power output terminals a and b of the control system's electric push rod will pass through the two control power input terminals and two normally closed contact terminals of the relay K and enter the positive and negative power input terminals of the electric push rod M1. The positive and negative poles of the electric push rod M1 are energized, and its push column pushes the welding gun downward, and the lower end of the welding gun head contacts the chip pins. When the lower end of the welding gun head contacts the chip pin or the circuit board contact force is appropriate (for example, the feedback acting on the force surface of the pressure sensor is equal to or slightly greater than 50 grams), the voltage signal output by the 3rd pin of the pressure sensor A2 is relatively high. The voltage signal is divided by the adjustable resistor RP and the resistor R and enters the base of the transistor Q, which is higher than 0.7V. The transistor Q will turn on the collector to output a low level and enter the negative power input terminal of the relay K. The relay K is energized to close its control power input terminal and the normally closed contact terminal is open. At this moment, even if the positive and negative power supplies of the electric push rod of the control system are The output terminals a and b continue to output positive and negative power, and will not enter the positive and negative power input terminals of the electric push rod M1 through the two control power input terminals and two normally closed contact terminals of the relay K. The positive and negative poles of the electric push rod M1 lose power, and its push column no longer pushes the welding gun downward, and the lower end of the welding gun head and the chip pins are in appropriate contact force (when the negative and positive power output of the control system electric push rod positive and negative power output terminals c and d enter the negative and positive power input terminals of the electric push rod M1, the electric push rod drives the welding gun head upward and the chip pins are separated). When the temperature of the welding gun head is appropriate (for example, below 290°C), the internal contacts of the temperature sensor RT are open, the transistor Q1 is not conducting, and the buzzer B does not sound, indicating that the welding gun head is working normally. When the temperature of the welding gun tip is too high (for example, higher than 290°C), the internal contacts of the temperature sensor RT are closed, and the 12V power supply enters the base of the transistor Q1 through the adjustable resistor RP1 and the resistor R1. The transistor Q1 is turned on and the collector outputs a low level and enters the negative power input terminal of the buzzer B1. The buzzer B1 is energized and sounds, indicating that the welding gun tip is overheating. The staff can check and eliminate the fault in time, so that the automatic tinning welding equipment can work normally. It should be noted that this application only detects the temperature of the welding gun tip is too high (not too low temperature), and the actual detection temperature threshold is achieved by using temperature sensors with different control temperatures.
[0019] Figure 1 、 2 As shown above, with the present invention, the distance and contact force between the lower end of the welding torch head and the pins of the chip, etc. and the welding points on the circuit board can be made appropriate. Also, when the temperature of the welding torch head is excessively high and abnormal, the staff can be timely prompted to check the cause of the failure, which can ensure a good welding effect as much as possible, improve the service life of the welding torch, and reduce the probability of damage to the chip, etc. Figure 2 In this, the power supply module A1 is a finished product of an AC 220V power supply converted to a DC 12V switching power supply module; the triodes Q and Q1 are NPN-type triodes of model 9013; the relay K is of model DC12V; the buzzer B1 is an active high-decibel alarm of model SHD4216; the resistance values of the resistors R and R1 are 10K; the temperature sensor RT is a snap-action normally open contact temperature switch (290°C) of model KSD301; the adjustable resistor RP has a resistance value of 470K (in this embodiment, it is adjusted to 82.7K. The larger its resistance value, the greater the voltage division. In this way, when the detected pressure is relatively large, the relay K will be energized and attracted. The smaller its resistance value, the smaller the voltage division. In this way, when the detected pressure is relatively small, the relay K will be energized and attracted); the pressure sensor A2 is a finished product of a small force-measuring load cell of model HYM H-018, which has two power input terminals and one signal output terminal. The greater the detected weight, the higher the output voltage signal, and vice versa, the lower the output voltage signal.
[0020] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.
[0021] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A chip soldering pressure adaptive controller, comprising a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, characterized in that, It also has a control circuit and a temperature detection circuit; the electric push rod and the soldering gun of the automatic soldering equipment are split mechanisms. The upper end of the pressure sensor is installed together with the lower end of the push column of the electric push rod, and the lower end of the pressure sensor is installed together with the installation station at the upper end of the soldering gun. A fixed clamp is installed on one side of the upper part of the soldering gun head, and the temperature sensor is installed in the fixed clamp; the control circuit and the temperature detection circuit are installed in the component bin; the positive and negative power output terminals of the electric push rod of the automatic soldering equipment control system and the control power input terminal of the control circuit are electrically connected respectively; the signal output terminal of the pressure sensor and the signal input terminal of the control circuit are electrically connected, the power output terminal of the control circuit and the positive and negative power input terminals of the electric push rod are electrically connected, and the two wiring terminals of the temperature sensor are electrically connected in series between the two signal input terminals of the temperature detection circuit.
2. The self-adaptive controller for chip soldering pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that The control circuit includes an adjustable resistor, a resistor, a triode, and a relay that are electrically connected. One end of the adjustable resistor is connected to one end of the resistor and the base of the triode. The emitter of the triode is connected to the other end of the resistor, and the collector of the triode is connected to the negative power input terminal of the relay.
3. The adaptive controller for chip welding pressure according to claim 1, wherein The temperature detection circuit includes a buzzer, a resistor, and a triode that are electrically connected. One end of the resistor is connected to the base of the triode. The collector of the triode is connected to the negative power input terminal of the buzzer, and the emitter of the triode is connected to the other end of the resistor.
4. The adaptive controller for chip welding pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensing surface of the temperature sensor is closely attached to the outside of the soldering gun head.