Waste heat distribution device for railway vehicle and railway vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of railway vehicles, and provides a waste heat distribution device for a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle. The waste heat distribution device for the railway vehicle comprises an air port assembly, the air port assembly is arranged at an air outlet of heat dissipation equipment, the air port assembly comprises a waste air discharge valve and an air return valve, the waste air discharge valve is suitable for being switched between an opening state and a closing state, the air return valve is closed in the opening state, and the air return valve is opened in the closing state. According to the waste heat distribution device for the railway vehicle, waste heat and recyclable waste heat can be effectively distinguished in heat generated by heat dissipation equipment; the energy utilization efficiency is improved; and meanwhile, the air duct space of the railway vehicle is not occupied, and the difficulty and the cost of subsequent maintenance are reduced. The working mode of the waste heat distribution device can be flexibly adjusted according to changes of different seasons, different operation conditions and passenger requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of rail vehicles, and provides a waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the existing air conditioning system of hydrogen energy trains mainly brings the heat of traction motors, fuel cells, etc. into the air conditioning system through connecting cooling pipelines or setting heat exchangers for winter heating.

[0003] However, the mode of connecting cooling pipelines increases the hidden danger of coolant leakage and is prone to cause environmental pollution; the two series-connected systems may lead to unqualified cooling of the equipment itself, resulting in problems such as equipment failure and complex control logic. When setting a heat exchanger, due to the large volume of the heat exchanger, it occupies a large space of the train, and at the same time, secondary heat exchange will also lead to low heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] An embodiment of the utility model provides a waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles to solve the defect of complex waste heat utilization and distribution structure in the related art.

[0005] The utility model also provides a rail vehicle.

[0006] An embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model provides a waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles, including an air outlet component, the air outlet component is arranged at the air outlet of a heat dissipation device, the air outlet component includes an exhaust air valve and a return air valve, the exhaust air valve is adapted to switch between an open state and a closed state, in the open state, the return air valve is closed, and in the closed state, the return air valve is open.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the air outlet component includes a heat dissipation air duct, an exhaust air duct and a return air duct that are in fluid communication, the heat dissipation air duct is in fluid communication with the air outlet of the heat dissipation device, the exhaust air valve is arranged in the exhaust air duct, and the return air valve is arranged in the return air duct.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a flow guide plate is arranged in the heat dissipation air duct, and a flow guide protrusion is formed in the direction of the air outlet of the heat dissipation device on the flow guide plate.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the flow guide protrusion is smoothly transitioned with the exhaust air duct and the return air duct.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a first mounting member is arranged in the heat dissipation air duct, and the exhaust air valve is rotatably mounted on the first mounting member; a second mounting member is arranged in the return air duct, and the return air valve is rotatably mounted on the second mounting member.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a heat-insulating member is coated on the outer wall of at least one of the waste air duct and the return air duct.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a sealing member is provided between the heat dissipation duct and the waste air duct and between the heat dissipation duct and the return air duct.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a waste air space is provided on one side of the waste air duct away from the heat dissipation duct, a waste air fan is provided in the waste air space, a return air space is provided on one side of the return air duct away from the heat dissipation duct, and a ventilator is provided in the return air space.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a first filter member is provided between the waste air duct and the waste air space, and a second filter member is provided between the return air duct and the return air space.

[0015] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model provides a rail vehicle, including the waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle as described above.

[0016] According to the waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model, through the coordinated operation of the waste air valve and the return air valve, it is possible to effectively distinguish "waste heat" from reusable "waste heat" in the heat generated by the heat dissipation device. When the waste air valve is opened, the unnecessary waste heat is timely discharged outside the vehicle to avoid the temperature inside the vehicle from being too high; when the waste air valve is closed and the return air valve is opened, part of the waste heat can be guided back into the vehicle or to other areas that need heating, such as the passenger compartment, the equipment compartment, etc., thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and reducing unnecessary energy consumption. This waste heat distribution device allows for precise adjustment of the distribution ratio of waste heat and waste heat according to actual needs, helps to maintain the temperature stability inside the vehicle or in a specific area, improves the comfort of passengers, and also protects the equipment from the influence of too high temperature and extends the service life of the equipment. More importantly, through the setting of the air outlet assembly, the setting of cooling pipelines or heat exchangers in the related art is avoided, making the structure of the air outlet assembly compact, not generating additional large costs, and not occupying the air duct space of the rail vehicle, reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance. This waste heat distribution device can flexibly adjust the working mode according to different seasons, different operating conditions and changes in passenger needs, such as increasing waste heat recovery in winter and discharging more waste heat in summer, enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the entire vehicle thermal management system.

[0017] According to the rail vehicle provided by the second aspect embodiment of the present utility model, by arranging the above-mentioned waste heat distribution device in the rail vehicle, the temperature inside the vehicle can be intelligently adjusted according to the internal and external environments of the vehicle and the needs of passengers, avoiding overheating or overcooling, and providing a more comfortable and pleasant riding environment for passengers. By effectively recovering and utilizing waste heat, the heat emission to the external environment and the dependence on traditional energy are reduced, and the overall energy consumption and operation cost of the vehicle are lowered. The addition of the waste heat distribution device makes the heat management system of the rail vehicle more intelligent and automated. Through precise sensors and control systems, real-time monitoring and precise regulation of the temperature inside the vehicle are achieved, improving the response speed and stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle provided by the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part B in

[0022] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0023] 100, air outlet assembly; 102, heat dissipation device; 104, air outlet; 106, exhaust air valve; 108, return air valve; 110, heat dissipation air duct; 112, exhaust air duct; 114, return air duct; 116, guide plate; 118, guide protrusion; 120, first mounting member; 122, second mounting member; 124, heat insulation member; 126, sealing member; 128, exhaust space; 130, exhaust fan; 132, return air space; 134, ventilator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The following will further describe in detail the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model provides a waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle, which includes an air outlet assembly 100. The air outlet assembly 100 is arranged at the air outlet 104 of a heat dissipation device 102. The air outlet assembly 100 includes a waste air valve 106 and a return air valve 108. The waste air valve 106 is adapted to switch between an open state and a closed state. In the open state, the return air valve 108 is closed, and in the closed state, the return air valve 108 is open.

[0026] According to the waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model, through the coordinated operation of the waste air valve 106 and the return air valve 108, it is possible to effectively distinguish "waste heat" from reusable "waste heat" among the heat generated by the heat dissipation device 102. When the waste air valve 106 is open, the unnecessary waste heat is timely discharged out of the vehicle to avoid the temperature inside the vehicle from being too high; while when the waste air valve 106 is closed and the return air valve 108 is open, part of the waste heat can be guided back into the vehicle or to other areas that need heating, such as the passenger compartment, equipment compartment, etc., thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and reducing unnecessary energy consumption. This waste heat distribution device allows for precise adjustment of the distribution ratio of waste heat and waste heat according to actual needs, helps to maintain the temperature stability inside the vehicle or in a specific area, improves the comfort of passengers, and at the same time protects the equipment from the influence of high temperature and extends the service life of the equipment. More importantly, through the setting of the air outlet assembly 100, the setting of cooling pipelines or heat exchangers in the related art is avoided, making the structure of the air outlet assembly 100 compact, not generating additional large costs, and not occupying the air duct space of the rail vehicle, reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance. This waste heat distribution device can flexibly adjust the working mode according to different seasons, different operating conditions and changes in passenger needs, such as increasing waste heat recovery in winter and discharging more waste heat in summer, enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the entire vehicle thermal management system.

[0027] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model aims to efficiently manage and distribute the waste heat generated by internal equipment (such as motors, inverters, etc.) of the rail vehicle to optimize the energy utilization and temperature control of the vehicle.

[0028] The core component of this waste heat distribution device is the air outlet assembly 100. The air outlet assembly 100 is arranged at the air outlet 104 of the heat dissipation device 102 to achieve flexible control of the waste heat flow.

[0029] The exhaust air valve 106 is used to control the direct discharge of unwanted, relatively high-temperature exhaust gas (waste heat) to the external environment. When the exhaust air valve 106 is in the open state, it allows the high-temperature airflow to be discharged smoothly, effectively reducing the temperature inside the vehicle and preventing equipment overheating. At this time, the return air valve 108 is in the closed state to ensure that the hot air does not flow back into the vehicle interior or other areas that need to be cooled.

[0030] Conversely, the return air valve 108 reintroduces part of the waste heat into the vehicle interior or a specific heat recovery system when needed. When the exhaust air valve 106 is closed, the return air valve 108 is opened, enabling the air that has been preliminarily treated by the heat dissipation device 102 but still contains a certain amount of heat to be recycled, such as for heating, hot water supply, or preheating the fresh air entering the vehicle, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0031] According to the vehicle operating state, external environmental conditions, and the working load of internal equipment, the control system can automatically or manually switch the states of the exhaust air valve 106 and the return air valve 108. For example, in high-temperature summers or when the vehicle is operating at a high load, more reliance is placed on the exhaust air valve 106 for heat dissipation; while in winters or when the vehicle is operating at a low load, the return air valve 108 may be more utilized for waste heat recovery.

[0032] Thus, the waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles provided by the embodiments of the present utility model realizes the maximum utilization of waste heat and reduces energy waste by flexibly controlling the discharge and recovery of waste heat. Moreover, there is no need to additionally set up cooling pipelines or heat exchangers, effectively simplifying the waste heat distribution cost of rail vehicles.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the air outlet assembly 100 includes a heat dissipation air duct 110, an exhaust air duct 112, and a return air duct 114 that are in fluid communication. The heat dissipation air duct 110 is in fluid communication with the air outlet 104 of the heat dissipation device 102. The exhaust air valve 106 is disposed in the exhaust air duct 112, and the return air valve 108 is disposed in the return air duct 114.

[0034] See Figure 1 , according to an embodiment of the present utility model, the air outlet assembly 100 not only integrates the exhaust air valve 106 and the return air valve 108, but also forms a heat dissipation air duct 110, an exhaust air duct 112, and a return air duct 114 that are in fluid communication.

[0035] The heat dissipation air duct 110 is directly in fluid communication with the air outlet 104 of the heat dissipation device 102. This setting means that the high-temperature air discharged from the heat dissipation device 102 first enters the heat dissipation air duct 110, providing an initial fluid source for subsequent waste heat distribution.

[0036] The exhaust air duct 112 is connected to the heat dissipation duct 110 and is provided with an exhaust air valve 106. When the exhaust air valve 106 is in the open state, the high-temperature waste gas in the heat dissipation duct 110 is guided to the exhaust air duct 112 and finally discharged into the external environment. This setting method ensures that the temperature inside the vehicle can be effectively controlled and prevents equipment overheating.

[0037] The return air duct 114 is parallel to the exhaust air duct 112. The return air duct 114 is also connected to the heat dissipation duct 110 and is provided with a return air valve 108. When the return air valve 108 is open, part of the air that has been preliminarily treated by the heat dissipation device 102 but still contains a certain amount of heat is guided to the return air duct 114 for waste heat recovery or reuse.

[0038] By setting it in this way, the air outlet assembly 100 can flexibly adjust the ratio of exhaust air to return air according to actual needs, realizing the efficient distribution and management of waste heat.

[0039] It can be understood that by setting three independent and fluidly connected air ducts, the air outlet assembly 100 can more precisely control the flow direction and distribution of waste heat. Whether it is direct discharge or recycling, it can be quickly adjusted according to actual needs, improving the efficiency and accuracy of heat management. Through the setting of the return air duct 114, the efficiency of waste heat recovery in this embodiment is further improved. Converting the waste heat that might otherwise be wasted into utilizable energy not only reduces energy consumption but also reduces thermal pollution to the external environment.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a flow guide plate 116 is provided in the heat dissipation duct 110. A flow guide protrusion 118 is formed on the flow guide plate 116 in the direction towards the air outlet 104 of the heat dissipation device 102.

[0041] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a flow guide plate 116 is provided inside the heat dissipation duct 110. The main function of the flow guide plate 116 is to guide and optimize the flow path of the air flow. The flow guide plate 116 can ensure that the high-temperature air discharged from the air outlet 104 of the heat dissipation device 102 flows efficiently in a predetermined direction, reducing turbulence and eddy current phenomena and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0042] A flow guide protrusion 118 is provided on the side of the flow guide plate 116 facing the air outlet 104 of the heat dissipation device 102. The flow guide protrusion 118 can more precisely control the flow direction and speed of the air flow, enabling the high-temperature air to enter the heat dissipation duct 110 more smoothly and flow along a preset path, thereby achieving a more efficient heat dissipation effect.

[0043] The provision of the deflector 116 and the deflector protrusion 118 enables the hot air discharged from the heat dissipation device 102 to quickly and orderly enter the heat dissipation air duct 110, reducing the turbulence and eddy current phenomena of the air flow in the air duct. This not only reduces the resistance of the air flow but also increases the flow velocity and uniformity of the air flow, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency. By introducing the deflector 116 and the deflector protrusion 118, the design of the heat dissipation air duct 110 is further optimized, ensuring that the air flow inside the air duct is smoother, reducing unnecessary energy loss and noise generation. At the same time, this design also makes the air duct structure more compact and reasonable, which is conducive to saving space and enhancing the overall aesthetics.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the deflector protrusion 118 has a smooth transition with the waste air duct 112 and the return air duct 114.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present utility model, the deflector protrusion 118 has a smooth transition with the waste air duct 112 and the return air duct 114.

[0046] In this embodiment, the deflector protrusion 118 is not just a simple protrusion structure. Its edges and surface have an arc transition with the waste air duct 112 and the return air duct 114 to ensure that the connection with the waste air duct 112 and the return air duct 114 is smooth and unobstructed. This arc-shaped smooth transition design helps to reduce the turbulence and eddy current phenomena generated when the air flow passes through these connections, further improving the flow efficiency and stability of the air flow.

[0047] By achieving a smooth transition between the deflector protrusion 118, the waste air duct 112, and the return air duct 114, the air flow of the entire heat dissipation air duct 110 system becomes smoother, which not only helps to improve the heat dissipation efficiency but also can reduce the noise and vibration generated during the air flow, enhancing the comfort of passengers.

[0048] In addition, the smooth transition design reduces the turbulence and eddy current phenomena when the air flow passes through the connection, thereby reducing the energy loss of the air flow. As a result, more heat energy can be effectively discharged or recycled, further enhancing the energy efficiency of the system. The smooth transition design also helps to reduce the noise and vibration generated during the air flow.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a first mounting member 120 is provided in the heat dissipation air duct 110, and the waste air valve 106 is rotatably mounted on the first mounting member 120; a second mounting member 122 is provided in the return air duct 114, and the return air valve 108 is rotatably mounted on the second mounting member 122.

[0050] See Figure 1 andFigure 2 , in an embodiment of the present utility model, a first mounting member 120 and a second mounting member 122 are respectively disposed inside the heat dissipation air duct 110 and inside the return air duct 114.

[0051] Specifically, the first mounting member 120 is disposed inside the heat dissipation air duct 110, and the waste air discharge valve 106 is connected to the first mounting member 120 through a bearing, a pin shaft or other connecting mechanisms, so as to achieve rotatable mounting. This setting method enables the waste air discharge valve 106 to be flexibly opened or closed when needed to control the emission of waste gas.

[0052] The second mounting member 122 is similar to the first mounting member 120. The second mounting member 122 is disposed inside the return air duct 114, and the second mounting member 122 is used for rotatably mounting the return air valve 108. The return air valve 108 is also connected to the second mounting member 122 through an appropriate connecting mechanism to ensure that it can be smoothly opened or closed when needed to control the flow rate of the return air.

[0053] The designs of the first mounting member 120 and the second mounting member 122 provide a stable mounting foundation for the waste air discharge valve 106 and the return air valve 108. This rotatable mounting method not only ensures the flexible operation of the waste air discharge valve 106 and the return air valve 108, but also enhances their stability during the working process, reducing the risk of damage caused by vibration or impact. By respectively mounting the waste air discharge valve 106 and the return air valve 108 on the first mounting member 120 and the second mounting member 122, not only the rotational flexibility efficiency of the waste air discharge valve 106 and the return air valve 108 is improved, but also the operation difficulty and complexity are reduced.

[0054] When the waste air discharge valve 106 and the return air valve 108 malfunction or need maintenance, the rotatable mounting design enables the waste air discharge valve 106 and the return air valve 108 to be more easily disassembled from the corresponding mounting members, which not only simplifies the maintenance process, but also reduces the maintenance cost and time cost.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the outer wall of at least one of the waste air duct 112 and the return air duct 114 is coated with a heat insulation member 124.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in an embodiment of the present utility model, in order to further improve the energy efficiency and performance of the heat dissipation air duct 110 system, the outer wall of at least one of the waste air duct 112 and the return air duct 114 is heat-insulated, that is, coated with a heat insulation member 124.

[0057] The heat insulation member 124 is a material or structure with good heat insulation performance, which is used to reduce the heat dissipation on the outer wall of the air duct. In this embodiment, the heat insulation member 124 is tightly coated on the outer wall of the exhaust air duct 112 or the return air duct 114 (or both), forming a heat insulation layer. This heat insulation layer can effectively block the heat exchange between the high-temperature air inside the air duct and the external environment, thereby reducing the unnecessary loss of energy.

[0058] The coating of the heat insulation member 124 significantly reduces the heat dissipation on the outer wall of the air duct and improves the energy efficiency of the system. In the exhaust air duct 112, the heat insulation member 124 can reduce the heat dissipation of the high-temperature exhaust gas to the outside during the emission process, ensuring that more heat energy is effectively discharged; in the return air duct 114, the heat insulation member 124 can maintain the stability of the return air temperature and improve the efficiency of waste heat recovery.

[0059] The use of the heat insulation member 124 also helps to optimize the working environment inside the vehicle. By reducing the heat dissipation on the outer walls of the exhaust air duct 112 and the return air duct 114, the temperature of local areas inside the vehicle can be reduced, improving the comfort of passengers and staff. At the same time, the heat insulation member 124 can also reduce the condensation phenomenon on the outer wall of the air duct caused by temperature difference changes, avoiding adverse effects on the inside of the vehicle.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a seal 126 is provided between the heat dissipation air duct 110 and the exhaust air duct 112, and between the heat dissipation air duct 110 and the return air duct 114.

[0061] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to further improve the sealing performance and energy efficiency of the heat dissipation air duct 110 system, a seal 126 is provided between the heat dissipation air duct 110 and the exhaust air duct 112, and between the heat dissipation air duct 110 and the return air duct 114.

[0062] In this embodiment, the seal 126 is installed at the connection points between the heat dissipation air duct 110 and the exhaust air duct 112, and between the heat dissipation air duct 110 and the return air duct 114 to ensure the airtightness at these connection points. By setting it in this way, it is ensured that when the air duct system is operating, the high-temperature air can flow along the predetermined path without leaking to the external environment or adjacent air ducts through the gaps at the connection points. This setting method helps to maintain the air flow pressure and temperature distribution inside the air duct and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a waste discharge space 128 is provided on the side of the exhaust air duct 112 facing away from the heat dissipation air duct 110, a waste discharge fan 130 is provided in the waste discharge space 128, a return air space 132 is provided on the side of the return air duct 114 facing away from the heat dissipation air duct 110, and a ventilator 134 is provided in the return air space 132.

[0064] See Figure 1 Figure 1 , in an embodiment of the present utility model, in order to further improve the exhaust and return air efficiency of the heat dissipation air duct 110 system, a waste discharge space 128 is provided on the side of the waste discharge air duct 112 away from the heat dissipation air duct 110, and a waste discharge fan 130 is installed therein; at the same time, a return air space 132 is provided on the side of the return air duct 114 away from the heat dissipation air duct 110, and a ventilator 134 is installed therein.

[0065] Specifically, the waste discharge space 128 is a dedicated area for discharging waste gas. The waste discharge fan 130 is installed in the waste discharge space 128. Through the negative pressure generated by it, the high-temperature waste gas in the heat dissipation air duct 110 is effectively extracted and discharged into the external environment.

[0066] Corresponding to the waste discharge space 128, the return air space 132 is provided on the side of the return air duct 114 away from the heat dissipation air duct 110. The ventilator 134 is installed in the return air space 132. The ventilator 134 is used to generate a certain negative pressure in the return air space 132, so that the hot air in the heat dissipation air duct 110 is sucked into the return air duct 114, and then the ventilator 134 guides this part of the waste heat back into the vehicle or to other areas that need heating.

[0067] The arrangement of the waste discharge space 128 and the waste discharge fan 130 can improve the exhaust efficiency of the heat dissipation air duct 110. The high-temperature waste gas can be quickly and effectively discharged out of the system, reducing the temperature around the heat dissipation device 102 and improving the heat dissipation effect of the device. The arrangement of the return air space 132 and the ventilator 134 optimizes the return air efficiency of this waste heat distribution device, helps to reduce the operating energy consumption of the rail vehicle, and improves the waste heat recovery and utilization ability of the rail vehicle.

[0068] The operation of the waste discharge fan 130 and the ventilator 134 can be flexibly controlled according to actual needs. For example, when the device is operating at high load, the rotation speed of the waste discharge fan 130 is increased; when it is necessary to increase the temperature of the passenger compartment air conditioner, the rotation speed of the ventilator 134 can be increased.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a first filter element is provided between the waste discharge air duct 112 and the waste discharge space 128, and a second filter element is provided between the return air duct 114 and the return air space 132.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present utility model, in order to further improve the cleanliness and operating efficiency of the heat dissipation air duct 110 system, a first filter element is provided between the waste discharge air duct 112 and the waste discharge space 128, and a second filter element is provided between the return air duct 114 and the return air space 132 at the same time.

[0071] The first filter element is installed between the waste exhaust air duct 112 and the waste exhaust space 128. The first filter element is mainly used to filter out impurities such as particulate matter and dust in the waste gas discharged from the heat dissipation air duct 110. If these impurities are directly discharged into the external environment, they will not only pollute the environment, but may also have a negative impact on the performance of the emission equipment. The first filter element can effectively block these impurities and ensure the cleanliness of the discharged waste gas.

[0072] The second filter element is similar to the first filter element. The second filter element is installed between the return air duct 114 and the return air space 132. The second filter element is mainly used to filter out impurities in the air inhaled from the heat dissipation channel. If these impurities directly enter the return air duct 114, they will pollute the passenger compartment or the air conditioning system. The second filter element ensures that only clean air is inhaled into the return air duct 114 for reuse by the passenger compartment or other air-using equipment.

[0073] The settings of the first filter element and the second filter element improve the cleanliness of the heat dissipation air duct 110 system and effectively filter out impurities in the waste gas and return air. The clean waste gas and return air help reduce the dust accumulation and corrosion on the equipment surface, thereby reducing the risk of equipment damage.

[0074] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a rail vehicle, including the waste heat distribution device for the rail vehicle as described above.

[0075] According to the rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, by setting the above-mentioned waste heat distribution device in the rail vehicle, it is possible to intelligently adjust the interior temperature according to the vehicle interior and exterior environment and passenger needs, avoid overheating or overcooling, and provide a more comfortable and pleasant riding environment for passengers. By effectively recovering and utilizing waste heat, the heat emission to the external environment and the dependence on traditional energy are reduced, and the overall energy consumption and operation cost of the vehicle are lowered. The addition of the waste heat distribution device makes the heat management system of the rail vehicle more intelligent and automated. Through precise sensors and control systems, real-time monitoring and precise regulation of the interior temperature are achieved, improving the response speed and stability of the system.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles, characterized in that, The invention comprises an air outlet assembly (100), wherein the air outlet assembly (100) is arranged at an air outlet (104) of a heat dissipation device (102), wherein the air outlet assembly (100) comprises an exhaust air valve (106) and a return air valve (108), wherein the exhaust air valve (106) is suitable for switching between an open state and a closed state, wherein in the open state, the return air valve (108) is closed, and in the closed state, the return air valve (108) is opened.

2. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that The air outlet assembly (100) comprises a heat dissipation duct (110), an exhaust duct (112) and a return air duct (114) which are fluidically connected. The heat dissipation duct (110) is fluidically connected to an air outlet (104) of the heat dissipation device (102). The exhaust air valve (106) is arranged on the exhaust air duct (112), and the return air valve (108) is arranged on the return air duct (114).

3. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide plate (116) is provided in the heat dissipation air duct (110), and a guide protrusion (118) is formed on the guide plate (116) in the direction of the air outlet (104) of the heat dissipation device (102).

4. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, There is a smooth transition between the guide protrusion (118) and the exhaust air duct (112) and the return air duct (114).

5. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first mounting member (120) is provided in the heat dissipation air duct (110), and the exhaust air valve (106) is rotatably mounted on the first mounting member (120); a second mounting member (122) is provided in the return air duct (114), and the return air valve (108) is rotatably mounted on the second mounting member (122).

6. The waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that An outer wall of at least one of the exhaust air duct (112) and the return air duct (114) is coated with a heat-insulating component (124).

7. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, A sealing member (126) is provided between the heat dissipation air duct (110) and the exhaust air duct (112), and between the heat dissipation air duct (110) and the return air duct (114).

8. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that A waste exhaust space (128) is provided on the side of the waste exhaust duct (112) facing away from the heat dissipation duct (110), and a waste exhaust fan (130) is provided in the waste exhaust space (128); a return air space (132) is provided on the side of the return air duct (114) facing away from the heat dissipation duct (110), and a ventilator (134) is provided in the return air space (132).

9. The waste heat distribution device for rail vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first filter element is provided between the exhaust air duct (112) and the exhaust space (128), and a second filter element is provided between the return air duct (114) and the return air space (132).

10. An orbital vehicle, characterized in that, The invention comprises a waste heat distribution device for a rail vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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