Steam channel opening and closing structure and steam drawing machine
By setting up an opening and closing device at the end of the steam draft pipe, the steam waste problem when fiber wires are broken in the steam draft machine is solved, and the wire breaking channel is independently closed, ensuring stable pressure, reducing costs and improving production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422081464.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing steam drafters, the design of multiple sets of draft channels sharing steam chambers results in the inability to targeted air shutdown when the fiber is broken, resulting in waste of steam, reduced production efficiency and increased costs.
A closure device is installed at the end of the steam draft tube, which can switch to the closed state in time when the carbon fiber tow is broken, independently close the broken wire channel to prevent steam leakage and ensure the stable pressure of other channels.
Effectively prevent steam leakage, reduce production costs, improve production efficiency, and avoid affecting the normal operation of other channels.
Smart Images
Figure CN223150707U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber production equipment design, and particularly relates to a steam channel opening and closing structure and a steam drafting machine. Background Art
[0002] Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is an inorganic fiber material with polyacrylonitrile precursor yarn as the precursor, which has excellent properties such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, corrosion resistance, strong designability, and small relative density. It is widely used in fields such as aerospace, wind power blades, sports and leisure, and the automotive industry. High-quality polyacrylonitrile precursor yarn is the basis for preparing high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber. After hot water drafting, the polyacrylonitrile precursor yarn still cannot meet the requirements of fine denier, and it needs to be further subjected to steam drafting treatment by a steam drafting machine.
[0003] In the industrial production process of polyacrylonitrile precursor yarn, the steam drafting machine uses saturated water vapor as the drafting medium. Under high temperature and high pressure, single water molecules penetrate into the fiber. The presence of water molecules can increase the molecular spacing, reduce the intermolecular force, make the movement of structural units such as chain segments easier, and the macromolecular chains slide relative to each other and align along the fiber axis, thereby obtaining polyacrylonitrile precursor yarn with fine denier, high orientation degree, and high strength.
[0004] The steam drafting machine consists of multiple groups of drafting channels. Each group of drafting channels includes parts such as a drafting cavity and pressure reducing cavities on both sides of the drafting. Multiple groups of pressure reducing elements and other components are arranged in the pressure reducing cavities. The drafting channels are arranged in parallel and at intervals with each other. Each fiber runs independently in the drafting channel to avoid interference between multiple filaments. There are two layout methods for the position of the saturated water vapor inlet. The first is to arrange the saturated water vapor inlet at the bottom of the drafting cavity in each drafting channel, and each group of drafting channels is individually supplied with gas. The second is to arrange the saturated water vapor inlet at the bottom of the drafting machine (the drafting cavities of all drafting channels are enclosed in a closed space, and the saturated water vapor inlet is arranged at the bottom of the closed space). The closed space filled with a certain amount of saturated water vapor has a relatively high steam pressure. The saturated water vapor acts on the fiber through the air inlet holes arranged on the drafting cavity in the drafting channel to achieve high multiple drafting of the fiber, and has a good drafting effect.
[0005] During the industrial production process of polyacrylonitrile precursor yarn, when a fiber breaks in a certain drafting channel, it is necessary to stop the gas supply in time for wire breaking treatment. However, when the position of the saturated water vapor inlet of the existing steam drafting machine is the second layout method, the steam inlets of all drafting channels are one air inlet. If the gas supply is stopped for wire breaking treatment, the fibers in other drafting channels are also in a state without steam medium. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of the fibers in other channels, it is impossible to clean and maintain the wire breaking channel specifically, resulting in steam waste, reduced production efficiency, and increased production costs. Summary of the Utility Model
[0006] Therefore, the present utility model provides a steam channel opening and closing structure and a steam drawing machine, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art that due to multiple drawing channels sharing a steam chamber and introducing saturated steam, when fiber breakage occurs in one drawing channel, targeted gas shut-off treatment for the broken wire cannot be carried out, resulting in steam waste, reduced production efficiency and increased production costs.
[0007] To solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a steam channel opening and closing structure, including an opening and closing device and a steam drawing tube having a steam channel. The tube wall of the steam drawing tube has an introduction through hole for introducing saturated steam into the steam channel. The opening and closing device is connected to at least one end port of the steam drawing tube. The opening and closing device has an open state and a closed state. When the opening and closing device is in the open state, the carbon fiber tow passes through the steam channel to realize steam drawing of the carbon fiber tow. When the opening and closing device is in the closed state, the opening and closing device seals the corresponding port of the steam drawing tube, and the opening and closing device can be driven to switch between the open state and the closed state.
[0008] In some embodiments, the opening and closing device includes a fixed sleeve, a port adapter body having a tow passing through hole, a plurality of opening and closing tongue pieces, and an opening and closing knob plate. The first end of the port adapter body is inserted into a side hole of the hollow through hole of the fixed sleeve. Each of the opening and closing tongue pieces is arranged around the central axis of the fixed sleeve and is clamped between the opening and closing knob plate and the first end face of the port adapter body. The opening and closing knob plate can be driven to rotate forward and backward by a preset angle to control the opening and closing of the tow passing through hole.
[0009] In some embodiments, each of the opening and closing tongue pieces has a sliding pin body protruding from its two side faces. A plurality of first sliding grooves are formed on the first end face of the port adapter body. A plurality of second sliding grooves are formed on the end face of the opening and closing knob plate facing the opening and closing tongue pieces. The number of the first sliding grooves and the second sliding grooves is equal to the number of the opening and closing tongue pieces. The two ends of the sliding pin body respectively possessed by each of the opening and closing tongue pieces are respectively inserted into the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove in a one-to-one correspondence.
[0010] In some embodiments, the shapes of each of the opening and closing tongue pieces are the same. During the switching process of the opening and closing device between the open state and the closed state, each opening and closing tongue piece moves in the same plane, and a movement guide is formed between two adjacent opening and closing tongue pieces.
[0011] In some embodiments, the opening and closing device further includes an outer connection sleeve, and the fixed sleeve is threadedly connected to the hollow cylinder of the outer connection sleeve.
[0012] In some embodiments, the nozzle adapter includes a guiding flaring body at its second end, and the flaring outer edge of the guiding flaring body abuts against the inner wall of the port of the outer connection sleeve facing the steam drawing tube; and / or, the outer connection sleeve has an insertion section inserted into the nozzle of the steam drawing tube.
[0013] In some embodiments, on the side end face of the opening and closing knob plate facing away from the opening and closing tongue piece, a plurality of knob grooves extending radially along it are formed, and at least two of the knob grooves can be inserted and fitted with the first column of the opening and closing rotation mechanism.
[0014] The present utility model also provides a steam drawing machine, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned steam channel opening and closing structures.
[0015] In some embodiments, the steam drawing machine further includes a steam chamber and decompression chambers at both ends of the steam chamber. The steam chamber is controllably communicated with a steam supply source. Each of the steam channel opening and closing structures is spaced apart and parallelly installed at both ends of the wall of the steam chamber so that the steam drawing tube is located in the steam chamber. When including an opening and closing rotation mechanism, the opening and closing rotation mechanism includes a plurality of decompression components arranged in the decompression chamber and corresponding to each of the steam channel opening and closing structures one by one. A first column is provided on the end face of the decompression component facing the opening and closing device.
[0016] In some embodiments, the opening and closing rotation mechanism further includes an opening and closing rotation rod. At least two second columns are formed on the end face of the decompression component facing away from the opening and closing device. The socket holes at the ends of the opening and closing rotation rod can be detachably inserted and fitted with each of the second columns one by one; and / or, a threaded connection hole is further formed on the end face of the decompression component facing away from the opening and closing device, and a decompression component disassembly rod can be threadedly connected with the threaded connection hole.
[0017] A steam channel opening and closing structure and a steam drawing machine provided by the present utility model have the following beneficial effects:
[0018] By providing an opening and closing device at the nozzle of the end of the steam drawing tube, when the carbon fiber tow in the steam drawing tube breaks, the opening and closing device can be timely switched from the open state to the closed state, and only the nozzle of the steam drawing tube with broken wire is closed without disconnecting the ventilation of the entire steam chamber. Then, the broken wire can be timely processed for the steam drawing tube. Since the nozzle is switched to the closed state, it can prevent large-flow leakage of steam, ensure the pressure stability in the steam chamber and other steam drawing tubes, avoid steam waste, reduce production costs, and at the same time will not affect the normal operation of other steam drawing tubes without broken wires, improving production efficiency. Description of the Drawings
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. The drawings in the following description are merely exemplary. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other implementation drawings can be obtained by extending the provided drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the steam channel opening and closing structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in;
[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view of the opening and closing device in;
[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the opening and closing device shown in the closed state (the physical structure of the opening and closing knob plate is omitted);
[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the opening and closing device shown in the open state (the physical structure of the opening and closing knob plate is omitted);
[0025] Figure 6 a schematic structure diagram of the opening and closing rotating rod;
[0026] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the right side view of;
[0027] Figure 8 a schematic structure diagram of the decompression component disassembly rod.
[0028] The reference numerals are:
[0029] 1. Steam drafting tube; 2. Opening and closing device; 21. Fixed sleeve; 22. Pipe orifice adapter; 221. Tow threading through hole; 222. First chute; 223. Guiding flared body; 23. Opening and closing tongue piece; 231. Sliding pin body; 24. Opening and closing knob plate; 241. Second chute; 242. Knob groove; 25. Outer connecting sleeve; 100. Decompression component; 101. First cylinder; 102. Second cylinder; 103. Threaded connection hole; 200. Opening and closing rotating rod; 201. Socket hole; 202. Force transmission rod; 203. Handwheel; 301. Bolt head. Specific embodiments
[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. The description of at least one exemplary embodiment below is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present utility model and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description. Without contrary explanations, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.
[0032] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "above" etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature shown in the figure with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure of the device. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientation of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding explanations are made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.
[0033] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first", "second", etc. to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without otherwise stating, the above words have no special meanings. Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0034] See in conjunction with Figures 1 to 8As shown, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, a steam channel opening and closing structure is provided, including an opening and closing device 2 and a steam drafting tube 1 having a steam channel (not labeled in the figure). The tube wall of the steam drafting tube 1 has an introduction through hole (not labeled in the figure) for introducing saturated steam into the steam channel. The opening and closing device 2 is connected to at least one end opening of the steam drafting tube 1. The opening and closing device 2 has an open state and a closed state. When the opening and closing device 2 is in the open state, a carbon fiber tow (not shown in the figure) passes through the steam channel to achieve steam drafting of the carbon fiber tow. When the opening and closing device 2 is in the closed state, the opening and closing device 2 seals the corresponding opening of the steam drafting tube 1, and the opening and closing device 2 can be driven to switch between the open state and the closed state, as Figure 1 shown, in a preferred embodiment, a set of the foregoing opening and closing devices 2 is provided at each of the two end openings of the steam drafting tube 1.
[0035] In this technical solution, by providing the opening and closing device 2 at the end opening of the steam drafting tube 1, when the carbon fiber tow in the steam drafting tube 1 breaks, the opening and closing device 2 can be timely switched from the open state to the closed state, and only the opening of the steam drafting tube 1 with the broken tow is sealed without disconnecting the ventilation of the entire steam chamber. Then, the broken tow can be timely processed for the steam drafting tube 1. Since the opening is switched to the closed state, large-flow steam leakage can be prevented, the pressure stability in the steam chamber and other steam drafting tubes can be ensured, steam waste is avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the normal operation of other unbroken steam drafting tubes 1 is not affected, improving the production efficiency.
[0036] Specifically refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, the opening and closing device 2 includes a fixed sleeve 21, a nozzle adapter 22 having a filament passing through hole 221, a plurality of opening and closing tongues 23, and an opening and closing knob plate 24. The first end of the nozzle adapter 22 is inserted into a side hole of the hollow through hole (not labeled in the figure) of the fixed sleeve 21, thereby forming a seal for one side hole of the hollow through hole. Each of the opening and closing tongues 23 is arranged around the central axis of the fixed sleeve 21 and is clamped between the opening and closing knob plate 24 and the first end face of the nozzle adapter 22. It can be understood that a corresponding filament passing structure is also constructed at the central position of the foregoing opening and closing knob plate 24. The opening and closing knob plate 24 can be driven to rotate forward and backward by a preset angle to control the opening and closing of the filament passing through hole 221, thereby realizing the switching between the open state and the closed state. The foregoing forward and backward specifically include, for example, the clockwise rotation direction and the counterclockwise rotation direction. Specifically, whether it is clockwise closing or counterclockwise closing and the preset angle to be rotated can be reasonably selected according to actual design requirements.
[0037] In this technical solution, each opening and closing tongue piece 23 in the opening and closing device 2 realizes the switching between the open state and the closed state of the opening and closing device 2 under the rotation of the opening and closing knob plate 24, with a simple and compact structure.
[0038] The number of the aforementioned opening and closing tongue pieces 23 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs. For example, 4 - 12 pieces can be adopted, generally 6 - 8 pieces. In Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the specific embodiment shown, a total of six opening and closing tongue pieces 23 are provided. When each opening and closing tongue piece 23 is rotationally driven to be in the open state, a regular hexagon is formed in its central region. At this time, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular hexagon is D. Assuming that the diameter of the pressure reduction through hole in the pressure reduction component on its outer side is L, it can be ensured that D = L.
[0039] Continuing to refer to Figures 3 to 5 shown, each of the opening and closing tongue pieces 23 has a sliding pin body 231 protruding from its two side faces. A plurality of first sliding grooves 222 are formed on the first end face of the pipe orifice adapter 22, and a plurality of second sliding grooves 241 are formed on the end face of the opening and closing knob plate 24 facing the opening and closing tongue pieces 23. The number of the first sliding grooves 222 and the second sliding grooves 241 is equal to the number of the opening and closing tongue pieces 23. The two ends of the sliding pin body 231 respectively provided on each opening and closing tongue piece 23 are respectively inserted into the first sliding grooves 222 and the second sliding grooves 241.
[0040] In this technical solution, by respectively arranging corresponding sliding groove structures, namely the aforementioned first sliding grooves 222 and second sliding grooves 241, on the end faces of the components on both sides of the opening and closing tongue pieces 23, a reasonable planning of the movement path of each opening and closing tongue piece 23 during the process of opening or closing the steam channel is realized, ensuring the smooth switching of its opening and closing states. It should be noted that the set lengths, positions, and angles of the aforementioned first sliding grooves 222 and second sliding grooves 241 are related to the specific number of the opening and closing tongue pieces 23 adopted. The specific parameters can be obtained through calculation or simulation after the number of the opening and closing tongue pieces 23 is determined, which will not be elaborated here.
[0041] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the shapes of the opening and closing tongue pieces 23 are the same, and during the switching process of the opening and closing device 2 between the open state and the closed state, each opening and closing tongue piece 23 moves in the same plane, and a movement guide is formed between two adjacent opening and closing tongue pieces 23. In this way, the sealing effect of the opening and closing device 2 can be improved, that is, when the opening and closing device 2 is in the closed state, the leakage amount of steam in the steam channel can be further reduced.
[0042] Specifically referring to Figure 2As shown, the opening and closing device 2 further includes an outer connecting sleeve 25. The fixed sleeve 21 is threadedly connected to the hollow cylinder of the outer connecting sleeve 25. Through the outer connecting sleeve 25, the opening and closing device 2 can be stably assembled at the nozzle of the steam drafting tube 1.
[0043] In some embodiments, the nozzle adapter 22 includes a guiding flaring body 223 at its second end. The outer flaring edge of the guiding flaring body 223 abuts against the inner wall of the port of the outer connecting sleeve 25 facing the steam drafting tube 1, improving the sealing effect of the opening and closing device 2.
[0044] Specifically refer to Figure 2 As shown, the outer connecting sleeve 25 has an insertion section inserted into the nozzle of the steam drafting tube 1. A socket fit is achieved between this insertion section and the inner wall of the nozzle of the steam drafting tube 1 to realize the connection and positioning of the opening and closing device 2.
[0045] In some embodiments, a plurality of knob grooves 242 extending radially are formed on one side end face of the opening and closing knob plate 24 away from the opening and closing tongue piece 23. At least two of the knob grooves 242 can be inserted and fitted with the first cylinder 101 of the opening and closing rotation mechanism (not labeled in the figure). That is, when it is necessary to control the state switching of the opening and closing device 2, the angle of the opening and closing knob plate 24 is controlled by rotating the opening and closing rotation mechanism. By rotating the opening and closing rotation mechanism, the possible steam scalding caused by the operator's close operation can be avoided.
[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a steam drafting machine, including a plurality of the above-mentioned steam channel opening and closing structures. Specifically, the steam drafting machine further includes a steam chamber (not shown in the figure) and pressure reducing chambers (not shown in the figure) at both ends of the steam chamber. The steam chamber is controllably (through corresponding cut-off valves) communicated with a steam supply source (not shown in the figure). Each of the steam channel opening and closing structures is erected at both ends of the wall of the steam chamber at intervals and in parallel so that the steam drafting tube 1 is located in the steam chamber. When including the opening and closing rotation mechanism, the opening and closing rotation mechanism includes a plurality of groups of pressure reducing components 100 (each having a plurality of pressure reducing elements) provided in the pressure reducing chamber and corresponding to each of the steam channel opening and closing structures one by one. A first cylinder 101 is provided on the end face of the pressure reducing component 100 facing the opening and closing device 2.
[0047] In this technical solution, during the normal operation of the steam drafting machine, the pressure reducing component 100 can, on the one hand, play a role in pressure reducing and sealing the steam at the end nozzle of the steam drafting tube 1, and on the other hand, as a part of the opening and closing rotation mechanism, realize the state switching of the opening and closing device 2, making the structure of the present invention more compact.
[0048] In another preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 6and Figure 7 As shown in Figure 7 , the opening and closing rotation mechanism further includes an opening and closing rotation rod 200. The opening and closing rotation rod 200 includes a mating disc (not labeled in the figure), a force transmission rod 202, and a handwheel 203. The force transmission rod 202 is connected between the mating disc and the handwheel 203. At least two second cylinders 102 are formed on the end face of the pressure reducing assembly 100 facing away from the opening and closing device 2. The socket holes 201 on the mating disc at the end of the opening and closing rotation rod 200 can be detachably inserted into each of the second cylinders 102 one by one. In this way, when it is necessary to switch the state of the opening and closing device 2, the operator holds the opening and closing rotation rod 200, inserts the socket hole 201 on its mating disc into the second cylinder 102, and then rotates the handwheel 203. The pressure reducing assembly 100 rotates synchronously with the opening and closing rotation rod 200 by a preset angle, thereby realizing the state switching of the opening and closing device 2 without disassembling the relevant structures of the pressure reducing chamber, and the operation is simple and convenient.
[0049] In another preferred embodiment, a threaded connection hole 103 is further formed on the end face of the pressure reducing assembly 100 facing away from the opening and closing device 2, and a pressure reducing assembly disassembly rod is also provided. The pressure reducing assembly disassembly rod also has a force transmission rod 202. One end of the force transmission rod 202 has a handwheel 203, and the other end has a bolt head 301. The bolt head 301 of the pressure reducing assembly disassembly rod can be threadedly connected to the threaded connection hole 103. When a broken wire occurs, the operator can hold the pressure reducing assembly disassembly rod, thread the bolt head 301 thereof into the threaded connection hole 103 as a whole, and then move it in the opposite direction of the stretching direction of the carbon fiber tow to disassemble the pressure reducing assembly from the pressure reducing chamber for cleaning, and then reset it. The operation is simple and convenient.
[0050] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above various methods can be freely combined and superimposed.
[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A steam passage opening and closing structure, characterized in that, It includes an opening and closing device (2) and a steam drafting tube (1) with a steam channel. There are introducing through holes on the tube wall of the steam drafting tube (1) for introducing saturated steam into the steam channel. The opening and closing device (2) is connected to at least one end opening of the steam drafting tube (1). The opening and closing device (2) has an open state and a closed state. When the opening and closing device (2) is in the open state, the carbon fiber tow passes through the steam channel to realize steam drafting of the carbon fiber tow. When the opening and closing device (2) is in the closed state, the opening and closing device (2) closes the corresponding opening of the steam drafting tube (1), and the opening and closing device (2) can be driven to switch between the open state and the closed state.
2. The steam passage opening and closing structure according to claim 1, wherein The opening and closing device (2) includes a fixed sleeve (21), a nozzle adapter body (22) with a tow passing through hole (221), a plurality of opening and closing tongue pieces (23), and an opening and closing knob plate (24). The first end of the nozzle adapter body (22) is inserted into one side orifice of the hollow through hole of the fixed sleeve (21). Each of the opening and closing tongue pieces (23) is arranged around the central axis of the fixed sleeve (21) and is clamped between the opening and closing knob plate (24) and the first end face of the nozzle adapter body (22). The opening and closing knob plate (24) can be driven to rotate forward and backward by a preset angle to control the opening and closing of the tow passing through hole (221).
3. The steam passage opening and closing structure according to claim 2, wherein Each of the opening and closing tongue pieces (23) has sliding pin bodies (231) protruding from its two side faces. A plurality of first sliding grooves (222) are formed on the first end face of the nozzle adapter body (22). A plurality of second sliding grooves (241) are formed on the end face of the opening and closing knob plate (24) facing the opening and closing tongue pieces (23). The number of the first sliding grooves (222) and the second sliding grooves (241) is equal to the number of the opening and closing tongue pieces (23). The two ends of the sliding pin bodies (231) respectively possessed by each of the opening and closing tongue pieces (23) are respectively inserted into the first sliding grooves (222) and the second sliding grooves (241).
4. The steam passage opening and closing structure according to claim 3, wherein The shapes of each of the opening and closing tongue pieces (23) are the same. During the switching process of the opening and closing device (2) between the open state and the closed state, each of the opening and closing tongue pieces (23) moves in the same plane, and a movement guide is formed between two adjacent opening and closing tongue pieces (23).
5. The steam passage opening and closing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening and closing device (2) further includes an outer connecting sleeve (25). The fixed sleeve (21) is threadedly connected to the hollow cylinder of the outer connecting sleeve (25).
6. The steam passage opening and closing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nozzle adapter body (22) includes a guiding flaring body (223) at its second end. The flaring outer edge of the guiding flaring body (223) abuts against the inner wall of the port of the outer connecting sleeve (25) facing the steam drafting tube (1); and / or, the outer connecting sleeve (25) has an insertion section inserted into the opening of the steam drafting tube (1).
7. The steam passage opening and closing structure according to claim 2, wherein, On one side end face of the opening and closing knob plate (24) facing away from the opening and closing tongue piece (23), a plurality of knob grooves (242) extending along its radial direction are formed, and at least two of the knob grooves (242) can be cooperatively inserted with the first cylinder (101) of the opening and closing rotation mechanism.
8. A steam drafting machine, characterized in that, It includes the steam passage opening and closing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The steam drawing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a steam chamber and pressure reducing chambers at both ends of the steam chamber. The steam chamber is controllably communicated with a steam supply source. Each of the steam passage opening and closing structures is erected at both ends of the steam chamber wall at intervals and in parallel so that the steam draft tube (1) is located in the steam chamber. When an opening and closing rotation mechanism is included, the opening and closing rotation mechanism includes a plurality of pressure reducing assemblies (100) arranged in the pressure reducing chambers and corresponding to each of the steam passage opening and closing structures one by one. A first cylinder (101) is provided on one end face of the pressure reducing assembly (100) facing the opening and closing device (2).
10. The steam drawing machine according to claim 9, wherein, The opening and closing rotation mechanism further includes an opening and closing rotation rod (200). At least two second cylinders (102) are formed on one end face of the pressure reducing assembly (100) facing away from the opening and closing device (2). A socket hole (201) at the end of the opening and closing rotation rod (200) can be detachably inserted with each of the second cylinders (102) one by one; and / or, a threaded connection hole (103) is further formed on one end face of the pressure reducing assembly (100) facing away from the opening and closing device (2), and a pressure reducing assembly disassembly rod can be threadedly connected with the threaded connection hole (103).