Worm gear composite part
Through the occlusion groove technology of the press and annular press ring, the problem of casting defects in traditional casting methods in small-sized worm gear composite parts is solved, and high-quality worm gear composite parts are achieved efficiently, suitable for small and medium-sized products.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421921344.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-09
AI Technical Summary
When processing small-size worm gear composite parts, traditional casting methods are prone to casting defects such as pores, shrinkage, slag inclusion, and the product cooling speed is fast, resulting in deformation or cracking, making it difficult to ensure product quality and pass rate.
Using a press and annular pressing ring method, the heated copper alloy material is extruded into the occlusion groove of the iron core and fixed with the worm gear. Through the cooperation of the occlusion groove and the worm gear, the high-strength connection between the worm gear and the iron core is achieved, and the fluidity and forming performance of the copper alloy are controlled in combination with specific temperature and pressure.
It improves the production efficiency and quality of small and medium-sized worm gear composite parts, reduces casting defects, enhances connection strength and transmission efficiency, is highly adaptable, and is suitable for products of different sizes.
Smart Images
Figure CN223152698U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of worm gear composite machining, and particularly relates to a worm gear composite part. Background Art
[0002] The worm gear composite part consists of an iron core and a worm gear, and relates to a worm gear transmission mechanism in a speed reduction device in the field of mechanical transmission devices. The processing and forming method of the worm gear composite part is as Figure 1 shown. Place the iron core in the casting mold, and pour the heated worm gear raw material into the casting mold by casting to obtain the finished worm gear composite part; in the manufacturing of the worm gear composite part, casting is a common forming method, especially suitable for products with large specifications.
[0003] During the casting process, the heated worm gear raw material (usually copper alloy or other suitable materials) has good fluidity and can fill all parts of the mold under the action of casting pressure, including the complex worm gear shape. Compared with other forming methods, the casting equipment is relatively simple, the operation cost is low, and it is suitable for large-scale production. The casting method can adapt to worm gear composite parts of different shapes and sizes, especially suitable for large and complex-shaped products.
[0004] However, for small-sized worm gear composite parts, some problems may be encountered when using the traditional casting method, resulting in difficult-to-guarantee product technical performance and low qualification rate:
[0005] 1. During the casting process, due to the relatively large surface area to volume ratio of small-sized products, the material cooling speed is fast, and it is easy to produce casting defects such as pores, shrinkage cavities, and slag inclusions.
[0006] 2. The cooling speed of small-sized products is fast after casting, and large thermal stress will be generated, which may cause the product to deform or crack.
[0007] 3. Due to the non-uniformity of the cooling speed, the material performance of small-sized products may be non-uniform, affecting their technical performance.
[0008] 4. The casting process control of small-sized products is more stringent, and higher control requirements for casting temperature, pouring speed, and cooling speed are required, which are not easy to achieve.
[0009] Therefore, although the casting method has advantages in the production of large-sized products, for medium and small-sized products, more refined control and optimized processes may be required. In view of this, we propose a worm gear composite part and a forming method. Summary of the Utility Model
[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is that for large-sized worm wheel composite parts in the above-mentioned prior art, the traditional casting method can effectively ensure the technical performance of the products. However, for small-sized worm wheel composite parts, it is difficult to ensure the technical performance of the products with the traditional casting method, resulting in a low product qualification rate, easy generation of air holes in medium and small-sized products, and a low yield rate.
[0011] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0012] A worm wheel composite part, in which an engaging groove is formed around the circumference of the center of the outer edge of the iron core. After the inner edge surface of the worm wheel is sleeved on the outer side surface of the iron core, under the action of a punching press or a hydraulic press and by utilizing the good plasticity of the heated outer sleeve, the outer sleeve material of the worm wheel is extruded into the engaging groove of the iron core. Through the cooperation of the engaging groove and the worm wheel, the worm wheel and the iron core are firmly wedged together.
[0013] Preferably, the engaging groove is one of an arc-shaped groove, a straight tooth groove, an inclined tooth groove, a cross tooth groove or a composite groove.
[0014] Preferably, the composite groove includes an annular groove formed around the circumference of the iron core and an axial groove communicating with the annular groove.
[0015] Preferably, the worm wheel is made of a copper alloy material.
[0016] A forming method of a worm wheel composite part includes the following steps:
[0017] S1. According to the design requirements, prepare a press. A placement groove for positioning and placing the iron core in cooperation and an annular groove for the blank of the worm wheel to be extruded and located between the iron core and the inner wall of the lower die are formed on the lower die of the press. An annular pressing ring for pressing the blank of the worm wheel into the annular groove is arranged on the upper die of the press, and a concave groove covering the outer side of the iron core is formed inside the annular pressing ring.
[0018] S2. Accurately place the iron core in the placement groove of the lower die of the press to ensure that the axis of the iron core is aligned with the axis of the die.
[0019] S3. Heat the raw material of the worm wheel, place the heated copper alloy on the iron core, and prepare to sleeve it on the iron core.
[0020] S4. Sleeve the heated softened copper alloy on the iron core so that it completely covers the outer side of the iron core.
[0021] S5. Lower the upper die to close it with the lower die, apply pressure to the copper alloy through the press, and the annular pressing ring extrudes the red-hot copper alloy into the annular groove of the iron core under the action of pressure, so that the worm wheel is bite-fixed on the outer side surface of the iron core.
[0022] After the forming is completed, immediately take out the worm wheel composite from the mold and cool it to solidify it. The solidified copper alloy is cooled to room temperature, and then inspect the formed worm wheel composite.
[0023] S7. Further process the formed worm wheel composite that meets the inspection requirements to obtain the finished worm wheel composite.
[0024] Preferably, the heating temperature of the worm wheel blank is 300°C - 800°C.
[0025] Preferably, the further processing of the formed worm wheel composite includes external circle machining, hobbing, etc., and the surface treatment of the formed worm wheel composite includes removing oxide scale, cleaning, and coating a protective layer.
[0026] Preferably, the pressure applied by the press to the copper alloy is between 200 MPa and 320 MPa.
[0027] Preferably, a positioning post 16 that inserts into the inner hole of the iron core 1 is provided at the central position of the bottom wall of the placement groove 11.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present utility model are:
[0029] For this worm wheel composite and forming method, a placement groove that cooperates with the iron core and an annular groove that cooperates with the worm wheel are provided on the lower die of the press. The upper die is provided with an annular pressing ring, and a concave groove that covers the outside of the iron core is formed on the inner side thereof. The iron core is accurately placed in the placement groove to ensure that its axis is aligned with the axis of the mold. The heated copper alloy material is placed on the iron core and sleeved on the iron core.
[0030] The upper die moves downward and closes with the lower die to apply pressure to the copper alloy. The annular pressing ring squeezes the copper alloy into the engaging grooves of the iron core, so that the worm wheel is firmly fixed on the outer side surface of the iron core. After the forming is completed, the worm wheel composite is immediately taken out from the mold and cooled to solidify it. The solidified copper alloy is cooled to room temperature, and then the formed worm wheel composite is inspected. The qualified worm wheel composite is further processed, including external circle and hobbing, cleaning, and coating a protective layer.
[0031] Through specific design of the engaging grooves and pressing process, a highly reliable engagement between the worm gear and the iron core is achieved, enhancing the connection strength and transmission efficiency. Different types of engaging grooves can adapt to different usage environments and technical requirements, providing self-locking performance, reducing starting torque, enhancing connection stability, etc. Compared with the traditional casting method, the press forming method can produce worm gear composites faster, improving production efficiency. By heating the copper alloy at a specific temperature, its fluidity and formability can be controlled, reducing defects. Casting defects such as air holes and shrinkage cavities in the traditional casting method are avoided, improving the product quality and yield. This forming method is mainly applicable to medium and small-sized products, but can also be used for large-sized products, with good adaptability. Description of the Drawings
[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the forming of the worm gear composite of the prior art;
[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core protruding type worm gear composite of the present utility model;
[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core flat type worm gear composite of the present utility model;
[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core with an arc-shaped groove of the present utility model;
[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core with a straight tooth groove of the present utility model;
[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core with an inclined tooth groove of the present utility model;
[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core with a cross tooth groove of the present utility model;
[0039] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the iron core with a composite groove of the present utility model;
[0040] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper die moving downward to press the worm gear blank into the lower die of the present utility model;
[0041] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper die after pressing the worm gear blank into the lower die of the present utility model.
[0042] In the figure: 1, iron core; 2, worm gear; 3, engaging groove; 5, arc-shaped groove; 6, straight tooth groove; 7, helical tooth groove; 8, crossed tooth groove; 9, composite groove; 91, annular groove; 92, axial groove; 10, lower die; 11, placing groove; 12, annular groove; 13, upper die; 14, annular pressing ring; 15, concave surface groove; 16, positioning post; 17, casting die. Detailed implementation mode
[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0044] The following will be further described in detail with reference to the attached Figure 2-10 This application will be further described in detail.
[0045] An embodiment of this application discloses a worm gear composite. An engaging groove 3 is provided around the circumferential direction of the outer edge center of the iron core 1. After the inner edge surface of the worm gear 2 is sleeved on the outer side surface of the iron core 1, under the action of a punching press or a hydraulic press and by using the good plasticity after the outer sleeve is heated, the outer sleeve material of the worm gear 2 is extruded into the engaging groove 3 of the iron core 1. Through the cooperation of the engaging groove 3 and the worm gear 2, the worm gear 2 and the iron core 1 are firmly wedged together.
[0046] As Figure 2 shown, it is a worm gear composite with the iron core 1 protruding from the worm gear 2. Figure 3 shown is a worm gear composite with the iron core 1 and the worm gear 2 designed on the same plane.
[0047] Specifically, the engaging groove 3 is one of an arc-shaped groove 5, a straight tooth groove 6, a helical tooth groove 7, a crossed tooth groove 8 or a composite groove 9. The composite groove 9 includes an annular groove 91 provided around the circumferential direction of the iron core 1 and an axial groove 92 communicated with the annular groove 91.
[0048] Specifically, the worm gear 2 is made of a copper alloy material.
[0049] This kind of worm gear composite mainly realizes the fixation of the worm gear 2 and the iron core 1 by extruding the outer sleeve material of the worm gear 2 into the engaging groove 3 of the iron core. This design enhances the connection strength between the two, can adapt to the processing tolerances between the worm gear 2 and the iron core 1, is suitable for mass production, and ensures the stable quality of the product.
[0050] The type of the engagement groove 3 determines the engagement method between the worm wheel 2 and the iron core 1. The cooperation of the engagement groove 3 of each shape and the outer sleeve material of the worm wheel 2 has its specific advantages and can adapt to different usage environments and requirements. Specifically:
[0051] The arc-shaped concave groove 15 can provide better self-locking performance to prevent the worm wheel 2 from sliding on the iron core 1. The straight tooth groove 6 can provide higher transmission efficiency and stable transmission performance. The helical tooth groove 7 helps to reduce the torque required during startup, making the startup easier. The cross tooth groove 8 can enhance the stability of the connection and prevent loosening caused by vibration. The annular plus axial groove 92 may combine the advantages of the above several groove types, having both the overall fixing effect of the ring shape and the positioning and engagement functions of the axial groove 92.
[0052] In practical applications, select the appropriate type of engagement groove 3 according to specific performance requirements and usage environments. Embodiment
[0053] A forming method for a worm wheel composite part includes the following steps:
[0054] S1. According to the design requirements, prepare a press. On the lower die 10 of the press, there are provided a placement groove 11 for positioning and placing the iron core 1 and an annular groove 12 for the blank of the worm wheel 2 to be extruded into and located between the iron core 1 and the inner wall of the lower die 10. On the upper die 13 of the press, there is provided an annular pressing ring 14 for pressing the blank of the worm wheel 2 downward into the annular groove 12. An inner concave groove 15 covering the outside of the iron core 1 is formed inside the annular pressing ring 14.
[0055] S2. Accurately place the iron core 1 at the center of the bottom wall of the placement groove 11 of the lower die 10 of the press, ensuring that the axis of the iron core 1 is aligned with the axis of the die.
[0056] S3. Heat the raw material of the worm wheel 2 to 300 °C, place the heated copper alloy on the iron core 1, and prepare to sleeve it onto the iron core 1.
[0057] S4. Sleeve the heated softened copper alloy onto the iron core 1 so that it completely covers the outside of the iron core 1.
[0058] S5. Lower the upper die 13 to close it with the lower die 10. Apply a pressure of 320 MPa to the copper alloy through the press. The annular pressing ring 14 extrudes the red-hot copper alloy into the annular groove 12 of the lower die 10 under the action of the pressure, so that the worm wheel 2 is engaged and fixed on the outer side surface of the iron core 1.
[0059] S6. After the forming is completed, immediately take out the worm wheel composite part from the die and cool it to solidify it. The solidified copper alloy is cooled to room temperature, and the formed worm wheel composite part is inspected.
[0060] S7. Perform a surface treatment process of further processing, cleaning, and coating a protective layer on the formed worm wheel composite part that meets the inspection requirements to obtain the finished worm wheel composite part. Example
[0061] A forming method for a worm wheel composite part includes the following steps:
[0062] S1. According to the design requirements, prepare a press. On the lower die 10 of the press, there is a placement groove 11 for positioning and placing the iron core 1, and an annular groove 12 into which the blank of the worm wheel 2 is squeezed and located between the iron core 1 and the lower die 10. On the upper die 13 of the press, there is an annular pressing ring 14 for pressing down the blank of the worm wheel 2 into the annular groove 12. A concave groove 15 covering the outside of the iron core 1 is formed inside the annular pressing ring 14;
[0063] S2. Accurately place the iron core 1 outside the central positioning post 16 at the bottom wall of the placement groove 11 of the lower die 10 of the press, ensuring that the axis of the iron core 1 is aligned with the axis of the mold;
[0064] S3. Heat the raw material of the worm wheel 2 to 800 °C, place the heated copper alloy on the iron core 1, and prepare to sleeve it onto the iron core 1.
[0065] S4. Sleeve the heated softened copper alloy onto the iron core 1 so that it completely covers the outside of the iron core 1;
[0066] S5. Lower the upper die 13 to close it with the lower die 10, apply a pressure of 200 MPa to the copper alloy through the press, and the annular pressing ring 14 squeezes the red-hot copper alloy into the annular groove 12 of the iron core under the action of the pressure to form the contour of the worm wheel 2, so that the worm wheel 2 is bite-fixed on the outer side of the iron core 1;
[0067] S6. After forming, immediately take out the worm wheel composite part from the mold and cool it to solidify it. After the solidified copper alloy cools to room temperature, inspect the formed worm wheel composite part;
[0068] S7. Perform a surface treatment process of further processing, cleaning, and coating a protective layer on the formed worm wheel composite part that meets the inspection requirements to obtain the finished worm wheel composite part. Example
[0069] A forming method for a worm wheel composite part includes the following steps:
[0070] S1. According to the design requirements, prepare a press. On the lower die 10 of the press, there are provided a placement groove 11 for positioning and placing the iron core 1 and an annular groove 12 for the blank of the worm gear 2 to be extruded and located between the iron core 1 and the lower die 10. On the upper die 13 of the press, there is provided an annular pressing ring 14 for pressing the blank of the worm gear 2 downward into the annular groove 12. A concave groove 15 covering the outside of the iron core 1 is formed inside the annular pressing ring 14;
[0071] S2. Accurately place the iron core 1 outside the central positioning column 16 at the bottom wall of the placement groove 11 of the lower die 10 of the press, ensuring that the axis of the iron core 1 is aligned with the axis of the die;
[0072] S3. Heat the raw material of the worm gear 2 to 600 °C, place the heated copper alloy on the iron core 1, and prepare to sleeve it on the iron core 1.
[0073] S4. Sleeve the heated softened copper alloy on the iron core 1 so that it completely covers the outside of the iron core 1;
[0074] S5. Lower the upper die 13 to close it with the lower die 10, apply a pressure of 280 MPa to the copper alloy through the press. The annular pressing ring 14 extrudes the red-hot copper alloy into the annular groove 12 of the lower die 10 under the action of pressure, forming the contour of the worm gear 2, and making the worm gear 2 bite and fix on the outer side surface of the iron core 1;
[0075] S6. After the forming is completed, immediately take out the worm gear composite from the die and cool it to solidify it. The solidified copper alloy is cooled to room temperature, and the formed worm gear composite is inspected;
[0076] S7. Perform surface treatment processes such as further processing, cleaning, and coating a protective layer on the formed worm gear composite that meets the composite requirements to obtain a finished worm gear composite.
[0077] The forming method of this worm gear composite extrudes the heated copper alloy into the annular groove 12 of the die through a press and an annular pressing ring 14 to form the contour of the worm gear 2 and finally fix it to the iron core 1. By providing a placement groove 11, a positioning column 16, and an annular pressing ring 14 in the die, the positions of the iron core 1 and the copper alloy can be ensured to be precise, and the copper alloy can correctly fill the annular groove 12 under the action of pressure to form an accurate contour of the worm gear 2. Using a press for forming can produce worm gear composites faster than traditional casting methods, improving production efficiency. By heating the copper alloy at a specific temperature, the fluidity and forming performance of the material can be controlled to a certain extent, which helps to reduce defects. The formed worm gear composite undergoes surface treatment, including removing oxide scales, cleaning, and coating a protective layer, which can improve the corrosion resistance and appearance quality of the product. By applying pressure within the pressure range of 200 MPa - 320 MPa, while ensuring the forming quality, excessive plastic deformation and die damage can be avoided.
[0078] Compared with the traditional casting method, this forming method can reduce casting defects such as gas holes and shrinkage cavities, and improve the quality and yield of products. This forming method is mainly used for products with medium and small size specifications, and can also be used for products with large size specifications, showing good adaptability.
[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A worm wheel composite, comprising an iron core (1) and a worm wheel (2) sleeved on the outer side of the iron core (1), characterized in that: A bite groove (3) is formed in the circumferential direction around the center of the outer edge of the iron core (1). After the inner edge surface of the worm gear (2) is sleeved on the outer side surface of the iron core (1), under the action of a punching press or a hydraulic press, the outer sleeve material of the worm gear (2) is extruded into the bite groove (3) of the iron core (1) by using the good plasticity after the outer sleeve is heated. Through the cooperation between the bite groove (3) and the worm gear (2), the worm gear (2) and the iron core (1) are firmly wedged together.
2. A worm wheel composite according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bite groove (3) is one of an arc-shaped groove (5), a straight tooth groove (6), an inclined tooth groove (7), a cross tooth groove (8) or a composite groove (9).
3. A worm wheel composite according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite groove (9) includes an annular groove (91) formed in the circumferential direction around the iron core (1) and an axial groove (92) communicated with the annular groove (91).
4. A worm wheel composite according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worm gear (2) is made of a copper alloy material.