Gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gearbox used for driving large-tonnage agricultural equipment, which belongs to the field of agricultural equipment and comprises a box body, a first shaft used for receiving power is arranged in the box body, a second shaft parallel to the first shaft is further arranged in the box body, and power is transmitted between the first shaft and the second shaft through a transmission structure. The transmission structure is provided with a first shaft and a second shaft, power is transmitted to a power output structure of the gearbox through the second shaft, the transmission structure is provided with a gear shifting structure, the gear shifting structure comprises three gears, and the first gear and the second gear of the three gears in the gear shifting structure are located at the same gear shifting position. By arranging the first shaft, the second shaft and the transmission structure between the first shaft and the second shaft, power can be simply and effectively transmitted, the gearbox is more suitable for agricultural machinery arrangement, the first gear and the second gear in the gear shifting structure are arranged to be located at the same gear shifting position, the gearbox better conforms to man-machine engineering and whole machine operation logic, and therefore the working efficiency and adaptability of equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery equipment, and specifically relates to a gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the gradual advancement of rural economic reform, the trend of land concentration and land transfer has been unstoppable, which is also an important foundation and the only way for modern agriculture.

[0003] On this basis, the large-scale agricultural machinery equipment is becoming more and more obvious. The large-scale agricultural machinery equipment also represents the development level of the science and technology of agricultural machinery modernization in a country, and can better reflect the degree of agricultural modernization. It is mainly manifested in the increase of the whole machine power, the faster (higher efficiency) whole machine harvesting feeding amount, the increase of the whole machine weight, and the high degree of intelligence of the whole machine, which puts higher requirements on the key component gearbox of the agricultural machinery equipment.

[0004] At present, the full load of the domestic combine harvester is generally below 20 tons. There is a large gap compared with foreign countries in both the whole machine weight and the whole machine power. In order to meet the development needs, it is urgent to develop a gearbox that can carry 20 tons to 30 tons. In extreme environments, there will be situations of insufficient power or even stagnation, which seriously affects the operation efficiency of the agricultural machinery vehicle. For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN112930833A discloses a conveying and bagging system for garlic agricultural machinery equipment. The driving device 1 drives the sprocket 1 to rotate through the gearbox, and the chain 1 that is close to each other clamps the garlic straw and conveys it backward and upward. When the straw encounters the chain 2 that is close to it, it is simultaneously clamped by the chain 2. When it encounters the shearing component, the straw is cut off, and the garlic head is conveyed by the chain 2 to the conveyor 3, and is conveyed by the scraper elevator and falls into the garlic head bag through the blanking hole.

[0005] The gearbox of this technology is only applicable to small agricultural machinery equipment and cannot be applied to large agricultural machinery equipment.

[0006] In view of this, this application is specifically proposed. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment. The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment, including a box body, wherein a first shaft for receiving power is arranged in the box body, a second shaft parallel to the first shaft is also arranged in the box body, power is transmitted between the first shaft and the second shaft through a transmission structure, the power is transmitted to the power output structure of the gearbox through the second shaft, a shifting structure is arranged on the transmission structure, the shifting structure includes three gears, and the first gear and the second gear of the three gears in the shifting structure are in the same shifting position.

[0009] Preferably, a first-gear driving gear, a second-gear driving gear and a third-gear driving gear are sequentially arranged on the first shaft, and a first-gear driven gear, a second-gear driven gear and a third-gear driven gear are sequentially arranged on the second shaft corresponding to the first shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the third-gear driving gear is detachably installed on the first shaft, the first-gear driven gear, the second-gear driven gear and the third-gear driven gear are detachably and rotatably installed on the second shaft, and the first-gear driving gear and the second-gear driving gear are integrally arranged on the first shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the shifting structure includes a first shifting fork shaft and a second shifting fork shaft for shifting gears. Three limiting grooves are opened on the first shifting fork shaft and the second shifting fork shaft corresponding to the three gears. A self-locking spring is arranged on the box body corresponding to the limiting grooves, and a steel ball abutted in the limiting grooves is arranged on the self-locking spring.

[0012] Preferably, a first shifting fork is installed on the first shifting fork shaft, the first shifting fork is arranged between the first-gear driven gear and the second-gear driven gear, a second shifting fork is installed on the second gear shaft, the second shifting fork is arranged on the side of the third-gear driven gear, and a meshing sleeve synchronously rotating with the second shaft is installed on each of the first shifting fork and the second shifting fork. The meshing sleeve is used to connect the rotational power of the first-gear driven gear or the second-gear driven gear or the third-gear driven gear.

[0013] Preferably, a neutral switch for indicating that the first shifting fork shaft and the second shifting fork shaft are in the neutral position is arranged on the box body.

[0014] Preferably, the power output structure includes a left half shaft and a right half shaft on the same axis. The left half shaft and the right half shaft are connected by a differential. A final drive pinion is integrally arranged on the second shaft, and the second shaft transmits power to the final drive gear of the differential through the final drive pinion.

[0015] Preferably, a brake caliper assembly is arranged on each of the left half shaft and the right half shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a parking assembly is arranged on the second shaft.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0018] 1. By setting a first shaft, a second shaft and the transmission structure therebetween, power can be simply and effectively transmitted, which is more suitable for agricultural machinery. Moreover, the first gear and the second gear in the shift structure are in the same shift position, making the gearbox more in line with ergonomics and the overall operation logic of the machine, thereby improving the working efficiency and adaptability of the equipment.

[0019] 2. By sequentially arranging different gear driving gears on the first shaft and the corresponding driven gears on the second shaft, smooth switching between different gears can be achieved, ensuring the continuity and stability of power transmission, reducing power loss, and improving the performance of the gearbox.

[0020] 3. By setting the third gear driving gear with the fastest speed and making it detachable, it is convenient for later maintenance. When the third gear driving gear is damaged, it can be replaced separately, reducing the maintenance cost. While the first gear and the second gear driving gears have slower speeds but transmit larger torques, the integrated setting simplifies the structure, improves the assembly efficiency, and at the same time improves the overall strength of the components, enabling better torque output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the first side of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the power structure of the second shaft of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second side of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the parking assembly of the present utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Box body; 11. First shaft; 111. First gear driving gear; 112. Second gear driving gear; 113. Third gear driving gear; 12. Second shaft; 121. First gear driven gear; 122. Second gear driven gear; 123. Third gear driven gear; 124. Final drive pinion gear; 13. Shifting structure; 131. First shifting fork shaft; 132. Second shifting fork shaft; 133. Limiting groove; 134. Self-locking spring; 135. Steel ball; 136. First shifting fork; 137. Second shifting fork; 138. Engaging sleeve; 14. Power output structure; 141. Left half shaft; 142. Right half shaft; 143. Differential; 144. Final drive gear; 145. Brake caliper assembly; 2. Parking assembly; 21. Valve body; 211. Piston chamber; 212. Inner friction plate; 213. Return spring; 214. Connecting bolt; 215. Limiting nut; 216. Guide slide; 217. Hydraulic interface; 22. Piston; 221. Outer friction plate; 3. Neutral switch. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figure 1 – Figure 4 shown, this embodiment provides a gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment, including a box body 1. A first shaft 11 for receiving power is arranged in the box body 1. A second shaft 12 parallel to the first shaft 11 is also arranged in the box body 1. Power is transmitted between the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 through a transmission structure. The power is transmitted to the power output structure 14 of the gearbox through the second shaft 12. A shifting structure 13 is arranged on the transmission structure. The shifting structure 13 includes three gears, and the first and second gears of the three gears in the shifting structure 13 are in the same shifting position.

[0030] By arranging the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the transmission structure therebetween, power can be transmitted simply and effectively, which is more suitable for agricultural machinery. And by arranging that the first and second gears in the shifting structure 13 are in the same shifting position, the gearbox better conforms to ergonomics and the overall machine operation logic, thereby improving the working efficiency and adaptability of the equipment.

[0031] A first gear driving gear 111, a second gear driving gear 112 and a third gear driving gear 113 are sequentially arranged on the first shaft 11. A first gear driven gear 121, a second gear driven gear 122 and a third gear driven gear 123 are sequentially arranged on the second shaft 12 corresponding to the first shaft 11.

[0032] By successively arranging different gear driving gears on a first shaft 11 and corresponding driven gears on a second shaft 12, smooth shifting between different gears can be achieved, ensuring the continuity and stability of power transmission, reducing power loss, and improving the performance of the gearbox.

[0033] Preferably, the third-gear driving gear 113 is detachably mounted on the first shaft 11, the first-gear driven gear 121, the second-gear driven gear 122, and the third-gear driven gear 123 are detachably and rotatably mounted on the second shaft 12, and the first-gear driving gear 111 and the second-gear driving gear 112 are integrally provided on the first shaft 11.

[0034] By arranging the third-gear driving gear 113 with the fastest rotation speed and adopting a detachable design, it is convenient for later maintenance. When the third-gear driving gear 113 is damaged, it can be replaced separately, reducing the maintenance cost. The first-gear and second-gear driving gears 112 have a slower rotation speed but transmit a larger torque. The integral setting simplifies the structure, improves the assembly efficiency, and at the same time improves the overall strength of the components, enabling better torque output.

[0035] Preferably, the shifting structure 13 includes a first shifting fork shaft 131 and a second shifting fork shaft 132 for shifting gears. Three limiting grooves 133 are correspondingly provided on both the first shifting fork shaft 131 and the second shifting fork shaft 132 for three gears. A self-locking spring 134 is provided on the housing 1 corresponding to the limiting grooves 133, and a steel ball 135 abutted in the limiting grooves 133 is provided on the self-locking spring 134.

[0036] The design of the first shifting fork shaft 131 and the second shifting fork shaft 132 in the shifting structure 13 in cooperation with the limiting grooves 133 and the self-locking spring 134 provides a reliable shifting positioning function, prevents gear disengagement during driving, and ensures the safety of the gearbox operation.

[0037] A first shifting fork 136 is mounted on the first shifting fork shaft 131. The first shifting fork 136 is arranged between the first-gear driven gear 121 and the second-gear driven gear 122. A second shifting fork 137 is mounted on the second shifting fork shaft. The second shifting fork 137 is arranged on the side of the third-gear driven gear 123. Engagement sleeves 138 that rotate synchronously with the second shaft 12 are mounted on both the first shifting fork 136 and the second shifting fork 137. The engagement sleeves 138 are used to connect the rotational power of the first-gear driven gear 121 or the second-gear driven gear 122 or the third-gear driven gear 123.

[0038] The engaging sleeve 138 mounted on the first shift fork 136 and the second shift fork 137 can effectively reduce the impact during shifting, making the shifting process smoother. At the same time, it can also protect the gears from wear caused by non-synchronous shifting, extending the service life of the transmission (the transmission of the engaging sleeve 138 and the driven gear belongs to the conventional technology in this field and will not be elaborated here).

[0039] Preferably, a neutral switch 3 for indicating that the first shift fork shaft 131 and the second shift fork shaft 132 are in the neutral position is provided on the housing 1. The design of the neutral switch 3 can automatically indicate that the two shift fork shafts have moved to the neutral position, and then prompt the driver in the cab. This not only simplifies the driver's operation process but also avoids misoperations or inaccurate gear shifting caused by forgetting to manually reset.

[0040] Preferably, the power output structure 14 includes a left half shaft 141 and a right half shaft 142 on the same axis. The left half shaft 141 and the right half shaft 142 are connected by a differential 143. An end transmission pinion 124 is integrally provided on the secondary shaft 12. The secondary shaft 12 transmits power to the end transmission gear 144 of the differential 143 through the end transmission pinion 124.

[0041] The power output structure 14 adopts the design of connecting the left and right half shafts 142 with a differential 143, allowing the two wheels to rotate at different speeds, which is suitable for the needs during turning and improves the vehicle's maneuverability and driving safety. The end transmission pinion 124 is directly provided on the secondary shaft 12, simplifying the power transmission path and improving the efficiency.

[0042] Preferably, a brake caliper assembly 145 is provided on each of the left half shaft 141 and the right half shaft 142. A brake caliper assembly 145 is provided on each of the left and right half shafts 142, which can independently brake the two wheels when needed, enhancing the vehicle's braking performance and safety factor.

[0043] Furthermore, a parking assembly 2 is provided on the secondary shaft 12. The setting of the vehicle brake assembly provides a reliable parking function for the vehicle, preventing the vehicle from accidentally sliding in the parked state and further ensuring the safety of the vehicle during parking.

[0044] Power equipment such as hydraulic motors is connected to the gearbox through a motor mounting seat. Then, power is transmitted to the first shaft 11 through components such as spline sleeves. There are a first-gear driving gear, a second-gear driving gear 112, and a third-gear driving gear 113 on the first shaft 11, which respectively transmit power to the first-gear driven gear 121, the second-gear driven gear 122, and the third-gear driven gear 123 on the second shaft 12. Then, the engagement sleeve 138 is shifted by a shift fork to connect with the engaging teeth of the driven gear, realizing the power transmission from the first shaft 11 to the second shaft 12. The power transmitted to the second shaft 12 is transmitted to the final drive large gear 144 on the differential 143 through the final drive small gear 124 on the second shaft 12. Then, the differential 143 transmits the power to the left and right half shafts 142 to achieve complete power transmission.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] As Figure 5 shown, this embodiment provides a parking brake assembly applicable to driving a large-tonnage gearbox, including a valve body 21. The valve body 21 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the gearbox. A parking assembly 23 is arranged inside the valve body 21. A first shaft 11 and a second shaft 12 for power transmission and parallel to each other are arranged inside the gearbox. The parking assembly 23 is connected to the second shaft 12. The first shaft 11 is used to receive power and transmit the power to the second shaft 12 through transmission components such as gears and a shifting structure 13.

[0047] By fixing the valve body 21 on the outer wall of the gearbox and arranging the parking assembly 23 inside to be connected to the second shaft 12, the braking device can directly act on the transmission shaft inside the gearbox, achieving a direct and effective parking braking effect. At the same time, it does not occupy the internal space of the gearbox, which is beneficial to simplifying the gearbox structure. At the same time, it adopts hydraulic drive, eliminating the need for manual pulling, saving time and effort, and having a better braking effect.

[0048] Preferably, a piston 22 is slidably arranged inside the valve body 21. A piston chamber 211 is formed between the piston 22 and the valve body 21. The piston 22 is sleeved outside the second shaft 12. An outer friction plate 221 is fixedly arranged on the piston 22. An inner friction plate 212 is fixedly arranged on the second shaft 12. The inner friction plate 212 and the outer friction plate 221 are pressed together to form the braking force for parking.

[0049] The braking force is generated through the pressing action of the inner friction plate 212 and the outer friction plate 221, which not only improves the braking efficiency but also can meet the high-strength braking requirements of large-tonnage vehicles.

[0050] Preferably, at least one return spring 213 is provided between the piston 22 and the valve body 21, and both ends of the return spring 213 are respectively fixedly connected to the piston 22 and the valve body 21. By providing the return spring 213, it is ensured that when the braking state needs to be started, the piston 22 can be quickly returned to press the inner friction plate 212 and the outer friction plate 221, thereby avoiding untimely supply of braking force and ensuring the safety of the vehicle when parking.

[0051] Furthermore, a plurality of return springs 213 are evenly arranged in an array along the circumference of the valve body 21 to ensure that the pressure acting on the piston 22 can be kept uniform.

[0052] Preferably, the return spring 213 is arranged on the eccentric side of the valve body 21, and a connecting bolt 214 is installed at the center of the valve body 21. The connecting bolt 214 passes through the valve body 21 and the piston 22. A limiting nut 215 is installed on one end of the connecting bolt 214 extending into the piston 22.

[0053] The eccentrically arranged return spring 213 and the centrally arranged connecting bolt 214 make the entire device more stable during operation, and the limiting nut 215 can prevent the piston 22 from being dislocated when impacted, thereby enhancing the reliability of the system.

[0054] Preferably, the connecting bolt 214 and the valve body 21 are threadedly matched, and the connecting bolt 214 and the piston 22 are clearance matched. The threaded match between the connecting bolt 214 and the valve body 21 and the clearance match between the connecting bolt 214 and the piston 22 facilitates assembly and disassembly, while also allowing a certain degree of freedom of movement, which helps to improve the service life and maintenance convenience of the system.

[0055] Furthermore, at least one guide slide 216 is provided between the valve body 21 and the piston 22. This further ensures the linearity and stability of the piston 22 in the reciprocating motion, reduces wear, and prolongs the life of the equipment. Preferably, two or more guide slides 216 are provided, evenly distributed between the valve body 21 and the piston 22.

[0056] Preferably, a hydraulic interface 217 is provided on the piston chamber 211, so that the parking brake system can be activated by hydraulic means, and the braking force can be released conveniently, which is suitable for the needs of heavy vehicles.

[0057] Preferably, the chamber in the valve body 21 is radially recessed at one end away from the gearbox to form a cylindrical active cavity, and the end of the piston 22 extending into the active cavity radially protrudes to form a sealing portion, and the outer circumferential surface of the sealing portion abuts against the active cavity, and a piston cavity 211 is formed between the end surface of the sealing portion close to the gearbox and the active cavity.

[0058] The special design of the active chamber and the sealing part not only ensures the effective sealing of the piston 22, but also forms a stable piston chamber 211, which helps to improve the pressure transmission efficiency during braking and enhance the braking effect.

[0059] Specifically, the valve body 21 is of split design, which is convenient for installation and assembly. The valve body 21 itself is of a through structure. A cylinder head is installed on the side of the valve body 21 away from the transmission. The return spring 213 and the guide slide column 216 are installed between the cylinder head and the piston 211.

[0060] When the vehicle needs to park, the driver sends a signal to the hydraulic system by operating the controller. The hydraulic oil inside the valve body 21 is relieved through the hydraulic interface 217. At this time, since there is no hydraulic pressure, the return spring 213 comes into play. The return spring 213 moves the piston 22 to the left and compresses the friction assembly composed of the inner friction plate 212 and the outer friction plate 221. Since the valve body 21 does not rotate and the cylinder head of the valve body 21 is bolted to the valve body 21, the cylinder head does not rotate either. The piston 22 is connected to the cylinder head by at least one eccentrically arranged guide slide column 216, so there is also an anti-rotation effect on the piston 22. The outer friction plate 221 is fixedly connected to the piston 22. The inner friction plate 212 and the outer friction plate 221 are pressed tightly together by the pressure of the return spring 213 and rotate together. The inner friction plate 212 is rigidly connected to the second shaft 12 through structures such as a combined gear sleeve steel and a spline, thereby braking the second shaft 12 of the transmission and cutting off the power of the transmission, realizing the parking brake.

[0061] When the vehicle starts to run again, by operating the controller, a signal is transmitted to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic oil enters the piston 22 system. The piston 22 moves to the right under the action of the hydraulic oil, and the return spring 213 is compressed. At this time, the inner and outer friction plates 221 are separated due to the lack of pressure, and the vehicle releases the parking brake restriction and runs normally.

Claims

1. A gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment, comprising a box body (1), characterized in that: Inside the box body (1), a first shaft (11) for receiving power is provided. Inside the box body (1), a second shaft (12) parallel to the first shaft (11) is also provided. Power is transmitted between the first shaft (11) and the second shaft (12) through a transmission structure. The power is transmitted to the power output structure (14) of the gearbox through the second shaft (12). A shifting structure (13) is provided on the transmission structure. The shifting structure (13) includes three gears, and the first and second gears of the three gears in the shifting structure (13) are in the same shifting position; The shifting structure (13) includes a first shifting fork shaft (131) and a second shifting fork shaft (132) for shifting gears. Three limit slots (133) are respectively opened on the first shifting fork shaft (131) and the second shifting fork shaft (132) corresponding to the three gears. A self-locking spring (134) is provided on the box body (1) corresponding to the limit slots (133). A steel ball (135) abutted in the limit slots (133) is provided on the self-locking spring (134).

2. The transmission for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first gear driving gear (111), a second gear driving gear (112), and a third gear driving gear (113) are sequentially arranged on the first shaft (11). Corresponding to the first shaft (11) on the second shaft (12), a first gear driven gear (121), a second gear driven gear (122), and a third gear driven gear (123) are sequentially arranged.

3. The transmission for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third gear driving gear (113) is detachably installed on the first shaft (11). The first gear driven gear (121), the second gear driven gear (122), and the third gear driven gear (123) are detachably and rotatably installed on the second shaft (12). The first gear driving gear (111) and the second gear driving gear (112) are integrally arranged on the first shaft (11).

4. A gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first shifting fork (136) is installed on the first shifting fork shaft (131). The first shifting fork (136) is arranged between the first gear driven gear (121) and the second gear driven gear (122). A second shifting fork (137) is installed on the second shifting fork shaft (132). The second shifting fork (137) is arranged on the side of the third gear driven gear (123). Engagement sleeves (138) synchronously rotating with the second shaft (12) are installed on both the first shifting fork (136) and the second shifting fork (137). The engagement sleeves (138) are used to connect the rotational power of the first gear driven gear (121) or the second gear driven gear (122) or the third gear driven gear (123).

5. A transmission for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A neutral switch (3) for indicating that the first shifting fork shaft (131) and the second shifting fork shaft (132) are in the neutral position is provided on the box body (1).

6. A gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output structure (14) includes a left half shaft (141) and a right half shaft (142) on the same axis. The left half shaft (141) and the right half shaft (142) are connected by a differential (143). A final drive pinion (124) is integrally arranged on the second shaft (12). The second shaft (12) transmits power to the final drive gear (144) of the differential (143) through the final drive pinion (124).

7. A gearbox for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A brake caliper assembly (145) is provided on each of the left half shaft (141) and the right half shaft (142).

8. A transmission for driving large-tonnage agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A parking assembly (2) is provided on the second shaft (12).

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