Novel plasma generator suitable for igniting high-moisture coal

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal-fired power generation equipment, and provides a novel plasma generator suitable for igniting high-moisture coal, which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and a protective sleeve, the inner cylinder is provided with a first carrier medium channel communicated with the arc channel, and the cathode gun is accommodated in the first carrier medium channel; the outer cylinder sleeves the outer sides of the inner cylinder and the arc channel; a second carrier medium channel, a third carrier medium channel, a water supply channel and a water return channel are distributed on the outer cylinder in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder, and all parts of the outer cylinder are packaged through a protective sleeve; and an insulating ceramic layer is embedded in the inner side of the inner cylinder. The second carrier medium channel and the third carrier medium channel are arranged in a split mode, the flow is more stable, a longer arc channel can be arranged, meanwhile, the insulating ceramic layer is additionally arranged on the cathode, the cathode can bear higher voltage, the ionization degree of the carrier medium is improved, the flow of the carrier medium is increased, and the ignition energy of plasma is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of coal-fired power generation equipment. Specifically, it relates to a novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal. Background Art

[0002] When the plasma generator works, it raises the low voltage to positive high voltage and negative high voltage through a boost circuit, ionizes air using the positive high voltage and negative high voltage to generate a large number of positive ions and negative ions, and at the same time releases huge energy instantaneously during the neutralization of positive and negative charges in the air to form a high-temperature plasma jet. By allowing the pulverized coal particles to pass through this plasma jet, they can burn rapidly under the action of high temperature, achieving the ignition of coal materials.

[0003] Currently, the operating voltages of plasma generators suitable for igniting pulverized coal on the market are basically 380 DVC and 575 DVC. Both of these two voltage plasma generators have a certain scope of application, and the thermal power of the plasma generator is basically in the range of 120 - 200 KW. The advantage of using high voltage is that under the same thermal power condition, the current used by the plasma generator is relatively reduced. For consumables, the reduction in current means an extension of the service life of vulnerable parts. However, high voltage also poses risks such as increased heat generation, excessive electrical stress, and electric field strength.

[0004] At present, lignite has become the main coal used in China. Due to the too low degree of coalification of lignite, it needs to undergo coal washing and refining before combustion. The current plasma generators have great limitations in igniting high-moisture lignite. Therefore, a plasma generator with higher thermal power is needed to enhance the ignition energy to adapt to the ignition operation of high-moisture coal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problem that the existing plasma generators have limited ignition ability for high-moisture coal, this application provides a novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal.

[0006] In one aspect, the novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal includes a cathode gun, an arc channel, and a cylinder body;

[0007] The cylinder body includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and a protective sleeve; the inner cylinder is configured with a first carrier medium channel communicating with the arc channel, and the cathode gun is accommodated in the first carrier medium channel; the outer cylinder is sleeved outside the inner cylinder and the arc channel; the outer cylinder is provided with a second carrier medium channel, a third carrier medium channel, a water supply channel, and a water return channel along its circumferential direction, and each component of the outer cylinder is encapsulated through the protective sleeve;

[0008] Among them, an insulating ceramic layer is embedded on the inner side of the inner tube; the arc channel is formed by a detachable connection of a first channel segment, a second channel segment, a third channel segment and a fourth channel segment; the second carrier medium channel extends along the length direction of the outer tube to communicate with the connecting port of the first channel segment and the second channel segment; the third carrier medium channel extends along the length direction of the outer tube to communicate with the connecting port of the second channel segment and the third channel segment.

[0009] In one embodiment, the insulating ceramic layer includes an insulating ceramic ring, a main swirl ceramic ring and a fixed ceramic ring;

[0010] The main swirl ceramic ring is used to generate a certain rotation when the carrier medium passes through; the fixed ceramic ring and the insulating ceramic ring are respectively arranged on both sides of the main swirl ceramic ring and abut against the main swirl ceramic ring.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first channel section is provided with an arc-starting anode, and the arc-starting anode is sequentially configured with a first tapered portion, a first straight portion, and a first gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel;

[0012] The second channel section is provided with a transition anode, and the transition anode is sequentially constructed with a second tapered portion, a second straight portion, and a second gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel;

[0013] The third channel section is provided with a rotating anode, and the rotating anode is sequentially constructed with a third tapered portion, a third straight portion and a third gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel;

[0014] The fourth channel section is provided with a main anode, which is a straight cylindrical structure extending along the length direction of the arc channel.

[0015] In one embodiment, a secondary air inlet is configured on an edge of one side of the first gradually expanding portion away from the center, and the secondary air inlet is connected to the second carrier medium channel and the inner cavity of the arc channel;

[0016] A third-stage air inlet is formed on an edge of one side of the second gradually expanding portion away from the center. The third-stage air inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the third carrier medium channel and the arc channel.

[0017] In one embodiment, the new plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal also includes a swirl ring;

[0018] The swirl ring is accommodated in the third-stage air inlet, the outer side of the swirl ring abuts against the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the end of the swirl ring adjacent to the rotating anode abuts against the third tapered portion;

[0019] The inner edge of the swirl ring is provided with a plurality of windows along its circumference, which are inclined and extended toward the rotating anode. The windows are connected with the inner cavity of the three-stage air inlet and the arc channel.

[0020] In one solution, both the second carrier medium channel and the third carrier medium channel are independently arranged pipeline structures; the water supply channel and the water return channel are pipeline structures that extend along the length direction of the outer cylinder and are interconnected near the end of the outer cylinder.

[0021] Advantages of the present application:

[0022] In the present application, by separately arranging the second carrier medium channel and the third carrier medium channel on the basis of a conventional plasma generator, it is ensured that the secondary air inlet and the tertiary air inlet processes do not affect each other, the flow rate is more stable, and a longer arc channel can be arranged. At the same time, an insulating ceramic layer is added to the cathode, enabling it to withstand a higher voltage, thereby increasing the ionization degree of the carrier medium, enhancing the flow rate of the carrier medium, and making the plasma have higher heat to adapt to the ignition operation of high-moisture lignite. Description of the drawings

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part D in

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part E in

[0027] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part F in

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction in

[0029] Figure 6 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction in

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a swirl ring in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Reference numerals in the drawings:

[0032] 1. Cathode gun

[0033] 2. Arc channel; 21. Starting arc anode; 211. Secondary air inlet; 22. Transition anode; 221. Tertiary air inlet; 23. Rotating anode; 24. Main anode;

[0034] 3. Inner cylinder; 31. First carrier medium channel; 32. Insulating ceramic ring; 33. Main swirl ceramic ring; 34. Fixed ceramic ring;

[0035] 4. Outer cylinder; 41. Second carrier medium channel; 42. Third carrier medium channel; 43. Water supply channel; 44. Return water channel;

[0036] 5. Protection sleeve;

[0037] 6. Swirl ring; 61. Window. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following combines the accompanying drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the detailed implementation manners of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application. Similarly, the following embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] In the present application, the ionized carrier medium generally refers to air, and the flow rate of the carrier medium is characterized by the air velocity.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0041] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "linked", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0044] To solve the problem that the existing plasma generators have limited ignition ability for high-moisture coal quality, this application provides a new type of plasma generator suitable for igniting high-moisture coal quality, and the specific embodiments are as follows:

[0045] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the new type of plasma generator suitable for igniting high-moisture coal quality includes a cathode gun 1, an arc channel 2, and a cylinder body.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cylinder body includes an inner cylinder 3, an outer cylinder 4, and a protective sleeve 5; the inner cylinder 3 is configured with a first carrier medium channel 31 communicating with the arc channel 2, and the cathode gun 1 is accommodated in the first carrier medium channel 31; the outer cylinder 4 is sleeved outside the inner cylinder 3 and the arc channel 2; the outer cylinder 4 is provided with a second carrier medium channel 41, a third carrier medium channel 42, a water supply channel 43, and a water return channel 44 along its circumferential direction, and each component of the outer cylinder 4 is encapsulated by the protective sleeve 5.

[0047] Among them, the cathode gun 1 is used to generate electrons when the plasma generator works; the arc channel 2 is a channel for the plasma generator to dredge the arc, and an anode is arranged in the arc channel 2; the first carrier medium channel 31 is used for primary air intake, the second carrier medium channel 41 is used for secondary air intake, and the third carrier medium channel 42 is used for tertiary air intake; the water supply channel 43 and the water return channel 44 are used for the circulation of cooling water to prevent the arc channel 2 from deforming due to overheating during operation. The protective sleeve 5 can protect and fix the second carrier medium channel 41, the third carrier medium channel 42, the water supply channel 43 and the water return channel 44.

[0048] In this embodiment, an insulating ceramic layer is embedded on the inner side of the inner cylinder 3, so that the inner cylinder 3 is insulated from the central cathode gun 1 and can withstand high voltage to prevent the carrier medium from being ionized when passing through; the arc channel 2 is composed of a first channel section, a second channel section, a third channel section and a fourth channel section which are detachably connected. The split structure is convenient for processing and manufacturing, with lower production costs and more accurate processing accuracy; the second carrier medium channel 41 extends along the length direction of the outer cylinder 4 to communicate with the connection port between the first channel section and the second channel section; the third carrier medium channel 42 extends along the length direction of the outer cylinder 4 to communicate with the connection port between the second channel section and the third channel section. Exemplarily, the detachable connection manner between each channel section and the inner cylinder 3 can be realized by bolt connection through drilling and tapping, and rubber sealing is carried out at each connection port.

[0049] Therefore, in this application, by arranging the second carrier medium channel 41 and the third carrier medium channel 42 separately on the basis of a conventional plasma generator, it is ensured that the secondary air intake and the tertiary air intake processes do not affect each other, the flow rate is more stable and a longer arc channel 2 can be arranged. At the same time, an insulating ceramic layer is added to the cathode so that it can withstand a higher voltage, thereby increasing the ionization degree of the carrier medium, increasing the flow rate of the carrier medium, and making the plasma have higher heat to adapt to the ignition operation of high-moisture lignite.

[0050] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the insulating ceramic layer includes an insulating ceramic ring 32, a main swirl ceramic ring 33 and a fixing ceramic ring 34; the main swirl ceramic ring 33 is used to generate a certain swirl when the carrier medium passes through; the fixing ceramic ring 34 and the insulating ceramic ring 32 are respectively arranged on both sides of the main swirl ceramic ring 33 and are in contact with the main swirl ceramic ring 33.

[0051] The inner edge of the primary swirl ceramic ring 33 is provided with several cutouts angled with the axial direction. These cutouts guide the primary airflow through the ring, imparting a certain degree of swirl. The insulating ceramic ring 32 is positioned on the side of the ring facing away from the arc channel 2. It extends along the length of the inner cylinder 3 and covers the plasma generator section facing away from the arc channel 2, preventing conduction and short circuits.

[0052] During assembly, the main swirl ceramic ring 33 and the fixed ceramic ring 34 are both installed from the end of the inner cylinder 3 adjacent to the arc channel 2. After the main swirl ceramic ring 33 is installed into the inner cylinder 3 and abuts against the insulating ceramic ring 32, the fixed ceramic ring 34 is installed to secure the main swirl ceramic ring 33. For example, a raised step can be constructed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 to position the main swirl ceramic ring 33 and the insulating ceramic ring 32 and form a stepped seal to enhance the sealing effect.

[0053] In one embodiment, see Figures 1 to 4 The first channel section is provided with an arc-starting anode 21, and the arc-starting anode 21 is sequentially constructed with a first tapered portion, a first straight portion and a first gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel 2;

[0054] The second channel section is provided with a transition anode 22, and the transition anode 22 is sequentially constructed with a second tapered portion, a second straight portion, and a second gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel 2;

[0055] The third channel section is provided with a rotating anode 23, and the rotating anode 23 is sequentially configured with a third tapered portion, a third straight portion and a third gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel 2;

[0056] The fourth channel section is provided with a main anode 24 , which is a straight cylindrical structure extending along the length direction of the arc channel 2 .

[0057] In this embodiment, the ionized plasma diffuses outward as it travels away from the center, reducing the number of conductive ions and facilitating the ionization of the central carrier. The arcing anode 21, transition anode 22, and rotating anode 23 gradually contract and then expand, compressing the plasma to protect the inner surface of the anode from ablation. Specifically, the arcing anode 21 is the ionization main body; the transition anode 22 is used to increase the flow rate of the carrier medium and further enhance the ionization of the carrier medium; the rotating anode 23 further increases the flow rate of the carrier medium and enhances its rotation, facilitating the separation of anions and cations; and the main anode 24, a columnar structure of a certain thickness, is used to facilitate the flow and release of plasma and is connected to the external space.

[0058] In one embodiment, based on the foregoing embodiment, a secondary air inlet 211 is formed on one side edge of the first gradually expanding portion away from the center. The secondary air inlet 211 communicates with the inner cavity of the second carrier medium channel 41 and the arc channel 2, so as to smoothly supply the air conveyed in the second carrier medium channel 41 to enter the arc channel 2 during the secondary air intake process, thereby increasing the flow rate of the carrier medium.

[0059] Similarly, a tertiary air inlet 221 is formed on one side edge of the second gradually expanding portion away from the center. The tertiary air inlet 221 communicates with the inner cavity of the third carrier medium channel 42 and the arc channel 2, so as to supply the air conveyed in the third carrier medium channel 42 to enter the arc channel 2 during the tertiary air intake process, further increasing the flow rate of the carrier medium.

[0060] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 The novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal also includes a swirl ring 6; the swirl ring 6 is accommodated in the tertiary air inlet 221, the outer side of the swirl ring 6 abuts against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 4, and one end of the swirl ring 6 adjacent to the rotating anode 23 abuts against the third gradually shrinking portion.

[0061] Specifically, a plurality of windows 61 inclined and extending towards the rotating anode 23 are formed along the circumferential direction of the inner side edge of the swirl ring 6. The windows 61 communicate the tertiary air inlet 221 with the inner cavity of the arc channel 2, so that the air conveyed in the third carrier medium channel 42 is strengthened in its rotation degree after passing through the swirl ring 6, and the separation efficiency of anions and cations is improved after the carrier medium enters the arc channel 2.

[0062] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The second carrier medium channel 41 and the third carrier medium channel 42 are both independently arranged pipeline structures, and the carrier medium channels do not communicate with each other, which can reduce the loss during the conveyance of the carrier medium and ensure the flow rate of the carrier medium entering the arc channel 2 during each stage of air intake. The water supply channel 43 and the water return channel 44 extend along the length direction of the outer cylinder 4 and communicate with each other near the end of the outer cylinder 4 to realize the recycling of water.

[0063] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal, characterized in that, It comprises a cathode gun (1), an arc channel (2) and a cylinder; The cylinder body comprises an inner cylinder (3), an outer cylinder (4) and a protective sleeve (5); the inner cylinder (3) is constructed with a first carrier medium channel (31) communicating with the arc channel (2), and the cathode gun (1) is accommodated in the first carrier medium channel (31); the outer cylinder (4) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder (3) and the arc channel (2); the outer cylinder (4) is provided with a second carrier medium channel (41), a third carrier medium channel (42), a water supply channel (43) and a water return channel (44) along its circumference, and the various components of the outer cylinder (4) are encapsulated by the protective sleeve (5); An insulating ceramic layer is embedded in the inner side of the inner cylinder (3); the arc channel (2) is formed by detachably connecting a first channel section, a second channel section, a third channel section, and a fourth channel section; the second carrier medium channel (41) extends along the length direction of the outer cylinder (4) to communicate with the connecting port of the first channel section and the second channel section; and the third carrier medium channel (42) extends along the length direction of the outer cylinder (4) to communicate with the connecting port of the second channel section and the third channel section.

2. The novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating ceramic layer comprises an insulating ceramic ring (32), a main swirl ceramic ring (33) and a fixed ceramic ring (34); The main swirl ceramic ring (33) is used to generate a certain swirl when the carrier medium passes through; the fixed ceramic ring (34) and the insulating ceramic ring (32) are respectively arranged on both sides of the main swirl ceramic ring (33) and abut against the main swirl ceramic ring (33).

3. The novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first channel section is provided with an arc starting anode (21), and the arc starting anode (21) is sequentially constructed with a first tapered portion, a first straight portion, and a first gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel (2); The second channel section is provided with a transition anode (22), and the transition anode (22) is sequentially constructed with a second tapered portion, a second straight portion, and a second gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel (2); The third channel section is provided with a rotating anode (23), and the rotating anode (23) is sequentially configured with a third tapered portion, a third straight portion, and a third gradually expanding portion along the length direction of the arc channel (2); The fourth channel section is provided with a main anode (24), and the main anode (24) is a straight cylindrical structure extending along the length direction of the arc channel (2).

4. The novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A secondary air inlet (211) is formed on an edge of one side of the first gradually expanding portion away from the center, and the secondary air inlet (211) is connected to the second carrier medium channel (41) and the inner cavity of the arc channel (2); A third-stage air inlet (221) is formed on an edge of one side of the second gradually expanding portion away from the center, and the third-stage air inlet (221) is connected to the inner cavity of the third carrier medium channel (42) and the arc channel (2).

5. The novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes a swirl ring (6); The swirl ring (6) is placed inside the three-stage air inlet (221). The outer side of the swirl ring (6) abuts against the inner wall of the outer cylinder (4), and one end of the swirl ring (6) close to the rotating anode (23) abuts against the third tapered portion; A plurality of windows (61) inclined and extending towards the rotating anode (23) are formed along the circumferential direction of the inner edge of the swirl ring (6). The windows (61) communicate the three-stage air inlet (221) with the inner cavity of the arc channel (2).

6. The novel plasma generator adapted to ignite high-moisture coal according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Both the second carrier medium channel (41) and the third carrier medium channel (42) are independently arranged pipeline structures; the water supply channel (43) and the water return channel (44) are pipeline structures extending along the length direction of the outer cylinder (4) and communicating with each other near the end of the outer cylinder (4).

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