Solar panel waste treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar panel waste treatment system, which comprises a frame dismounting device used for receiving a waste solar panel and dismounting a metal frame, so that the metal frame is separated from a composite layer; the heating device is used for heating the solar panel of which the metal frame is detached, so that a glass layer on the solar panel is separated, and the heating device is connected with the frame detaching device through a transmission mechanism; the glass removing machine is used for scraping a glass layer on the solar panel to obtain the residual solar panel, and the glass removing machine is connected with the heating device through a transmission mechanism; and the at least one crusher is used for crushing the remaining solar panels to obtain crushed materials, and the crusher is connected with the glass removing machine through a transmission mechanism. According to the utility model, the problems in the prior art that the waste solar panel is inconvenient to quickly dismantle and waste substances are inconvenient to separate are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste treatment of solar panels and relates to a waste treatment system for solar panels. Background Technique

[0002] With the enhancement of environmental awareness, power generation systems with the concept of environmental protection have been gradually popularized, such as hydropower, wind power, solar power generation, etc. Among them, solar power generation has no pollution emissions and only needs to be placed in a place with sufficient sunlight, so the application of solar power generation systems is becoming more and more popular. However, solar panels have limitations in service life, so a large number of waste solar panels will be generated with the popularization of applications.

[0003] Solar panels are composed of various substances, such as fluorine, silicon, copper, aluminum, plastic, glass, etc. When solar panels are no longer usable, they must be discarded. However, solar panels contain toxic substances, such as heavy metals like fluorine, lead, cadmium, etc. If not properly treated or recycled, they may cause environmental pollution and harm to the human body.

[0004] For Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114226408A, titled "An Integrated Device for Disassembling and Recycling Solar Panels", it discloses an integrated platform, solar panels, a disassembling mechanism and an immersion recycling mechanism. The disassembling mechanism and the immersion recycling mechanism are both arranged on the integrated platform. The disassembling mechanism includes a first bracket, a preheating cover, a frame removal plate, heating wires and a waste collection box. Transmission belts are arranged on both sides of the top of the first bracket, and the solar panels are placed on the transmission belts. The immersion recycling mechanism includes a second bracket, a rotary track, a first reagent tank, a second reagent tank, a third reagent tank and a cleaning tank. The rotary track is arranged above the four groups of tanks and is arranged in a snake-shaped structure on the vertical plane. This device adopts an integrated skid-mounted structure. However, in this technical solution, there are problems of inconvenient rapid removal of waste solar panels and separation of waste substances. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above problems, the utility model proposes a waste treatment system for solar panels, which well solves the problems of inconvenient rapid removal of waste solar panels and separation of waste substances in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A waste treatment system for solar panels includes solar panels. The solar panels include a glass layer, a first adhesive layer, a back plate, a power generation plate and a second adhesive layer. The power generation plate is located below the glass layer and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy;

[0008] The first adhesive layer is located between the glass layer and the power generation plate to bond the two to each other;

[0009] The back plate is located below the power generation panel and is used to protect the power generation panel;

[0010] The second adhesive layer is located between the power generation panel and the back plate to adhere the two to each other;

[0011] Among them, the glass layer, the first adhesive layer, the power generation panel, the second adhesive layer and the back plate together form a composite layer; a metal frame surrounds the outside of the composite layer;

[0012] It further includes:

[0013] A frame removal device for receiving a waste solar panel and removing the metal frame so that the metal frame is separated from the composite layer;

[0014] A heating device for heating the solar panel after removing the metal frame so that the glass layer on the solar panel is separated, and the heating device is connected to the frame removal device through a transmission mechanism;

[0015] A glass removing machine for scraping the glass layer on the solar panel to obtain the remaining solar panel, and the glass removing machine is connected to the heating device through a transmission mechanism;

[0016] At least one pulverizer for pulverizing the remaining solar panel to obtain pulverized matter, and the pulverizer is connected to the glass removing machine through a transmission mechanism;

[0017] A separator for separating the waste substances in the pulverized matter and respectively outputting them from multiple outlets on the separator, and the separator is connected to the pulverizer through a transmission mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the glass layer is tempered glass.

[0019] Preferably, the materials of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are vinyl acetate polymers.

[0020] Preferably, the pulverizer includes a first pulverizer, a second pulverizer and a third pulverizer;

[0021] The first pulverizer is connected to the glass removing machine and is used to receive the remaining solar panel and pulverize the solar panel to obtain coarse-grained waste particles;

[0022] The second pulverizer is connected to the first pulverizer and is used to receive the coarse-grained waste particles from the first pulverizer and perform a second pulverization to obtain fine-grained waste particles;

[0023] The third pulverizer is connected to the second pulverizer and is used to receive the fine-grained waste particles from the second pulverizer and perform a third pulverization to obtain fine-grained waste powder, and the waste powder is silicon powder, copper powder, aluminum powder, plastic powder.

[0024] Preferably, the separator is a self-airflow separator.

[0025] Preferably, it includes at least one dust collector, which is connected to the crusher and used to suck the dust generated during the crushing process of the crusher.

[0026] Preferably, sound insulation cotton or mufflers are installed between the frame removal device, glass removal machine, crusher, separator or between the above devices.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The utility model disassembles the frame, removes the glass, crushes and separates the waste solar panel, which facilitates the separation of the metal and plastic substances in the solar panel. Therefore, when the solar panel cannot be used, it can be processed as waste through the device of the utility model to obtain different waste substances for subsequent material reuse, improve the economic value, and also avoid metal pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the solar panel of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the solar panel structure of the utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 10, frame removal device; 15, transmission mechanism; 20, heating device; 30, glass removal machine; 40, crusher; 41, first crusher; 42, second crusher; 50, separator; 55, outlet; 60, dust collector; 100, solar panel; 101, glass layer; 102, power generation panel; 103, back panel; 104, first adhesive layer; 105, metal frame; 106, second adhesive layer; 200, waste substance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present utility model provides a technical solution: a solar panel waste treatment system, which includes a solar panel 100, and the solar panel 100 includes:

[0035] A glass layer 101, where the glass layer 101 is tempered glass, which has light transmittance and high hardness and can adapt to large temperature differences between day and night and harsh weather conditions;

[0036] The power generation panel 102 is located below the glass layer 101 and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The power generation panel 102 is composed of multiple substances, including silicon, aluminum, and copper. Therefore, when the solar panel 100 cannot be used, it needs to be treated as waste to avoid metal pollution of the environment and obtain different waste substances 200 for subsequent material recycling;

[0037] The first adhesive layer 104 is located between the glass layer 101 and the power generation panel 102 to adhere the two to each other. The material of the first adhesive layer 104 is selected from vinyl acetate polymers (EVA);

[0038] The back plate 103 is located below the power generation panel 102 and is used to protect the power generation panel 102.

[0039] The second adhesive layer 106 is located between the power generation panel 102 and the back plate 103 to adhere the two to each other. The material of the second adhesive layer 106 is selected from vinyl acetate polymers (EVA).

[0040] Among them, the glass layer 101, the first adhesive layer 104, the power generation panel 102, the second adhesive layer 106, and the back plate 103 together form a composite layer.

[0041] The metal frame 105 is used to surround the composite layer.

[0042] Among them, the solar panel waste treatment system includes:

[0043] A frame removal device 10, which is used to receive the waste solar panel 100 and remove the metal frame 105 so that the metal frame 105 is separated from the composite layer;

[0044] The heating device 20 is connected to the frame removal device 10 via a transmission mechanism 15 to receive the solar panel 100 from which the metal frame 105 has been removed by the frame removal device 10 and heat the solar panel 100 so that the glass layer 101 on the solar panel 100 is better separated from the solar panel 100. The heating device 20 heats by baking or hot air.

[0045] The glass removal machine 30 is connected to the heating device 20 via a transmission mechanism 15, receives the solar panel 100 heated by the heating device 20, and scrapes the glass layer 101 on the heated solar panel 100 to obtain the remaining solar panel 100.

[0046] At least one pulverizer 40 is connected to the glass removal machine 30 via a transmission mechanism 15, receives the remaining solar panel 100, and pulverizes the solar panel 100 to obtain pulverized matter.

[0047] The separator 50 is connected to the crusher 40 via a transmission mechanism 15, receives the crushed material crushed by the crusher 40, and separates different waste materials 200 in the crushed material through the separator 50 and outputs them respectively from multiple outlets 55 on the separator 50. Therefore, users can recycle each waste material 200 to achieve an environmental protection effect. The separator 50 uses a centrifugal method to separate waste materials 200 with different specific gravities during rotation, so as to separate the components in the waste materials 200.

[0048] Among them, the crusher 40 includes:

[0049] The first crusher 41 is connected to the glass removal machine 30, which is used to receive the remaining solar panels 100 and crush the solar panels 100 to obtain coarser waste particles.

[0050] The second crusher 42 is connected to the first crusher 41, which is used to receive the waste particles from the first crusher 41 and perform a second crushing to obtain finer waste particles.

[0051] The third crusher 43 is connected to the second crusher 42, which is used to receive the finer waste particles from the second crusher 42 and perform a third crushing to obtain even finer waste powder. The waste powder is silicon powder, copper powder, aluminum powder, and plastic powder.

[0052] Among them, the crusher 40 adopts a double-shaft shredder or a hammer crusher, and the separator 50 is an air current separator.

[0053] At least one dust collector 60 is connected to each crusher 40, which is used to suck the dust generated during the crushing process of each crusher 40 to avoid polluting the atmospheric space.

[0054] The production line system of this case uses negative pressure feeding to avoid dust overflow, and sound insulation cotton or silencers are installed on the frame removal device, glass removal machine, crusher, and separator or between machines, so that the noise of the system is controlled below 95 decibels. Through physical crushing and sorting methods, the solar panels after removing the glass are crushed and sorted, and the metal and non-metal are separated, and waste materials such as silicon powder, copper powder, and plastic with high market value are extracted, and the recovery rate can reach more than 95%.

[0055] Among them, the waste materials 200 can be recycled subsequently. The obtained copper powder and aluminum powder can be applied in industry, or the obtained plastic powder can be applied to the plastic industry or the clothing industry, or the obtained ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) powder can be remanufactured into fuel rods for thermal power generation, so that the recycled waste materials can be reused.

[0056] Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A waste treatment system for solar panels, including solar panels, the solar panels comprising a glass layer, a first adhesive layer, a back plate, a power generation plate, and a second adhesive layer. The power generation plate is located below the glass layer and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The first adhesive layer is located between the glass layer and the power generation plate to adhesively bond the two; The back plate is located below the power generation plate and is used to protect the power generation plate; The second adhesive layer is located between the power generation plate and the back plate to adhesively bond the two; Wherein the glass layer, the first adhesive layer, the power generation plate, the second adhesive layer, and the back plate together form a composite layer; a metal frame surrounds the outside of the composite layer; Characterized in that: It further includes: A frame removal device for receiving waste solar panels and removing the metal frame, so that the metal frame is separated from the composite layer; A heating device for heating the solar panel after the metal frame is removed, so that the glass layer on the solar panel is separated. The heating device is connected to the frame removal device through a transmission mechanism; A glass removal machine for scraping the glass layer on the solar panel to obtain the remaining solar panel. The glass removal machine is connected to the heating device through a transmission mechanism; At least one pulverizer for pulverizing the remaining solar panel to obtain pulverized matter. The pulverizer is connected to the glass removal machine through a transmission mechanism; A separator for separating the waste substances in the pulverized matter and respectively outputting them from multiple outlets on the separator. The separator is connected to the pulverizer through a transmission mechanism.

2. The solar panel waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The glass layer is tempered glass.

3. The solar panel waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The materials of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are vinyl acetate polymers.

4. The solar panel waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizer includes a first pulverizer, a second pulverizer, and a third pulverizer; The first pulverizer is connected to the glass removal machine and is used to receive the remaining solar panel and pulverize the solar panel to obtain coarse-grained waste particles; The second pulverizer is connected to the first pulverizer and is used to receive the coarse-grained waste particles from the first pulverizer and perform a second pulverization to obtain fine-grained waste particles; The third pulverizer is connected to the second pulverizer and is used to receive the fine-grained waste particles from the second pulverizer and perform a third pulverization to obtain fine-grained waste powder. The waste powder is silicon powder, copper powder, aluminum powder, and plastic powder.

5. The solar panel waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The separator is a self-airflow separator.

6. The solar panel waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: It includes at least one dust collector, and the dust collector is connected to the pulverizer and is used to vacuum the dust generated during the pulverization process of the pulverizer.

7. The solar panel waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sound insulation cotton or silencers are installed between the frame removal device, the glass removal machine, the pulverizer, and the separator.

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