High-capacity battery assembly

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a high-capacity battery assembly which comprises a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device, the high-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged in an inner cavity of the shell along the x direction; the shell is provided with a shared cavity communicated with inner cavities of all the single batteries; a plurality of avoiding holes are formed in the top plate of the shell; the polar terminal of each single battery extends out of the corresponding avoiding hole, and a first insulating sealant layer is arranged between the avoiding hole and the polar terminal; a heat exchange device extending in the x direction is arranged on the top of the shell, and an inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as an insulation heat exchange medium flowing cavity. In the z direction, the polar terminal penetrates through the heat exchange device, and part of the structure of the polar terminal is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; the other part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electric connection part, and the side wall of the polar terminal and the heat exchange device are sealed. By optimizing the structure of the heat exchange piece, the heat exchange path is shortened, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange performance of the whole high-capacity battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a large-capacity battery assembly. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the market, multiple single cells are often connected in parallel, series, or series-parallel to form a large-capacity battery (which can also be called a battery module or battery pack).

[0003] However, there are differences among the single cells in existing large-capacity batteries. Due to the existence of the cask effect, the overall large-capacity battery is often affected by the single cell with the worst performance, resulting in a great limitation on the capacity upper limit and cycle life of the entire large-capacity battery. Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of single cells in large-capacity batteries has become the focus and difficulty in this field of research.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese Patent CN220797038U discloses a large-capacity battery, and its structure is as Figure 1 shown. Such a large-capacity battery includes a housing and multiple single cells.

[0005] Define the length direction of the housing as the x direction, the width direction as the y direction, and the height direction as the z direction;

[0006] Multiple single cells are arranged along the x direction in the inner cavity of the housing;

[0007] The bottom plate of the housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 13, and the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is communicated with the electrolyte areas in the inner cavities of the respective single cells; the electrolytes in the inner cavities of the respective single cells are communicated through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, reducing the differences between the electrolytes of the respective single cells, improving the consistency among the single cells to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0008] Avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the housing to enable the polar terminals of the respective single cells to extend out; the polar terminals of the respective single cells extend out of the avoidance holes, and the area of the top plate of the housing corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the upper cover plate of the single cell.

[0009] It should be noted that the above-mentioned polar terminals of the single cells can be the single cell poles. If it is necessary to avoid the situation where the single cell poles cannot smoothly extend out of the avoidance holes or the height of the extension out of the avoidance holes does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can also be connected to the single cell poles, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the single cell poles and the pole adapter can be used as the polar terminals of the single cells.

[0010] The above-mentioned large-capacity batteries will release heat during use. If the heat exchange (dissipation) is not timely, the battery life will be greatly shortened, energy loss will be aggravated, and even safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire will occur. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries.

[0011] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery, Chinese patent CN118299714A discloses a large-capacity battery, such as Figure 2 As shown, the patent provides a slot at the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery extending out of the avoidance hole. A heat exchange element 01 is fixed in the slot, effectively achieving heat exchange for the large-capacity battery. The larger the contact area between the polarity terminal and the heat exchange element 01, the better the heat exchange effect. In other words, the larger the slot surface area, the greater the contact area between the polarity terminal and the heat exchange element 01, and the better the heat exchange effect. However, if the slot surface area is too large, it will affect the overall structure of the polarity terminal and thus its conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a large-capacity battery assembly that, without affecting the conductive performance of the polarity terminals, optimizes the structure of the heat exchange component, shortens the heat exchange path, increases the heat exchange area, and improves the heat exchange performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0013] The idea of the present utility model is:

[0014] The present invention converts the heat exchange method, converting the indirect heat exchange method adopted in Chinese patent CN118299714A into a direct heat exchange method. A heat exchange device is set on the top of the large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a accommodating cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; the other part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0015] Compared with the solution of Chinese patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium-heat exchange element-polarity terminal" to "heat exchange medium-polarity terminal". The heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; secondly, the heat exchange area is increased from "a slot with a certain surface area" to "a partial structure where the polarity terminal is located in the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0016] At the same time, the present invention considers that after the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance hole, a first insulating sealant layer is laid in the annular gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole to achieve fixed sealing between the shell top plate area corresponding to the avoidance hole and the single battery upper cover plate.

[0017] Based on this, the utility model provides a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; the large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction, and the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of all single cells; avoiding holes are provided on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding avoiding holes, an annular gap is formed between the avoiding holes and the polarity terminals, and a first insulating sealant layer is arranged in the annular gap;

[0018] On the top of the housing, a heat exchange device extending along the x direction is provided, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; in the z direction, the polarity terminal penetrates through the heat exchange device, and a part of the structure of the polarity terminal is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part, and the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed with the heat exchange device.

[0019] Furthermore, an insulating member is sleeved on each polarity terminal, and the polarity terminal is fixed on the upper cover plate through the insulating member; at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the avoiding hole and is bonded to the first insulating sealant layer in the avoiding hole. In the utility model, at least part of the structure of each insulating member extends into the corresponding avoiding hole, and the first insulating sealant layer is laid in the annular gap between the insulating member and the avoiding hole. Generally, the material of the insulating member is rubber, plastic, fiber, etc. Compared with the bonding strength with the aluminum alloy polarity terminal, the insulating sealant is more easily bonded to the insulating member and has a higher bonding strength, so that the first insulating sealant layer has higher stability.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the insulating member is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the top plate of the housing is located. That is to say, the first insulating sealant layer is firmly bonded to the entire outer peripheral surface of the insulating member, so that the first insulating sealant layer has higher stability.

[0021] Furthermore, the above large-capacity battery assembly further includes a plurality of sealing rings corresponding to the polarity terminals one by one; the sealing rings are sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminals, the bottom surface of the sealing ring is in close contact with the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the top surface of the sealing ring is in close contact with the inner surface of the top plate of the housing; the first insulating sealant layer is located on the sealing ring. Sealing rings are sleeved around the polarity terminals of each single cell; under the pressure of the top plate of the housing, the sealing ring seals the gap between the top plate of the housing and the upper cover plate of the single cell. When injecting glue into the annular gap, the insulating sealant liquid is blocked by the sealing ring and will not penetrate into the inner cavity of the housing; in addition, the sealing ring not only plays a role in blocking glue but also has a sealing effect, and cooperating with the first insulating sealant layer, a better sealing effect can be achieved.

[0022] Further, the sealing ring is an L-shaped sealing ring; the L-shaped sealing ring includes a horizontal sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface; the bottom surface of the horizontal sealing surface is in close contact with the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the top surface of the horizontal sealing surface is in close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell top plate; the outer peripheral surface of the vertical sealing surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the avoidance hole. At the avoidance hole part, sealing is achieved in two directions, namely the axial direction and the radial direction, which has better sealing performance. At the same time, the vertical sealing surface cooperates with the avoidance hole, and the positioning of the sealing ring can also be realized.

[0023] Further, a functional structure is provided on the polar terminal, and this functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal; the part of the polar terminal provided with the functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area, and thus a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0024] Further, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal. The annular groove is relatively convenient to process compared with other functional structures, making the polar terminal have a lower cost.

[0025] Further, the heat exchange device includes a heat exchange pipe fitting;

[0026] The heat exchange pipe fitting includes a pipe body, and a first channel and at least one row of second channel units are provided inside the pipe body; the first channel extends along the x direction and serves as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged along the x direction, and each second channel extends along the z direction and penetrates the first channel;

[0027] Each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds to the polar terminal on the same side as the large-capacity battery one by one;

[0028] The part of each polar terminal provided with the functional structure is inserted into the corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part of the polar terminal extends out of the second channel;

[0029] The first port and the second port of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polar terminal.

[0030] Further, the above-mentioned large-capacity battery assembly further includes a second insulating sealant layer; the second insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery and cooperates with the first sealant layer to wrap the heat exchange pipe fittings (the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange pipe fittings need to be located outside the second insulating sealant layer). The first insulating sealant layer and the second insulating sealant layer can be regarded as a whole, which can not only seal the avoidance hole part, but also further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange pipe fittings; specifically, the insulating sealant constituting the insulating sealant layer penetrates into the tiny gap between the second channel and the polar terminal (the insulating sealant cannot flow into the first channel), and further seals this tiny gap radially; in addition, during long-term use, due to the temperature difference inside and outside the heat exchange pipe fittings, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short-circuit problem; by laying an insulating sealant layer on the top of the large-capacity battery, when condensation occurs on the surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings, the battery short-circuit can be prevented under the protection of the insulating sealant layer; at the same time, the insulating sealant layer wraps the outside of the entire heat exchange pipe fitting. When using a heat exchange pipe fitting made of non-insulating material, the insulation between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery can be further improved.

[0031] Further, a spray coating layer can be provided on the surface of the outer shell, and the second insulating sealant layer is tightly bonded to the spray coating layer, which can not only achieve the insulation of the outer shell, but also improve the stability of the second insulating sealant layer.

[0032] Further, the sealing between the first port and the second port of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminals can be achieved in the following two ways:

[0033] The first sealing method: It is achieved by introducing a plurality of first annular gaskets corresponding to the polar terminals one by one and cooperating with a limiting structure with a stepped structure:

[0034] The first annular gasket is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal, and the bottom surface of the inner edge is pressed against the stepped surface of the stepped structure and is hermetically connected to the polar terminal; the bottom surface of the outer edge is hermetically connected to the heat exchange pipe fitting, so as to achieve the sealing between each second port of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminal; where the second port is the port of the second channel close to the electrical connection part;

[0035] The heat exchange pipe fitting is bonded to the upper end surface of each polar terminal insulating member, so as to achieve the sealing between each first port of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminal.

[0036] The second sealing method: It is achieved by introducing a plurality of second annular gaskets corresponding to the polar terminals one by one and cooperating with a limiting structure with a second annular groove:

[0037] The second annular gasket is sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminal and embedded in the second annular groove; the bottom surface of the outer edge of the second annular gasket is hermetically connected to the heat exchange pipe fitting, realizing the seal between the second port of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal;

[0038] The heat exchange pipe fitting is adhesively bonded to the upper end surface of each polarity terminal insulating member, realizing the seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal.

[0039] Side wall Side wall Side wall Side wall The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0040] 1. The present utility model directly sets a heat exchange device on the top of a large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as the accommodating cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z direction, that is, the part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; the other part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as the electrical connection part.

[0041] Compared with the solution of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened. The heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part - polarity terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polarity terminal". The heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries; secondly, the heat exchange area is increased. The heat exchange area is increased from "the card slot with a certain surface area" to "the part of the structure of the polarity terminal located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries;

[0042] At the same time, after the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance holes, a first insulating sealant layer is laid in the annular gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole, realizing the fixed seal between the outer shell top plate area corresponding to the avoidance hole and the upper cover plate of the single battery. There is no need to adopt a welding process, and the process is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0043] 2. The present utility model makes at least part of the structure of each insulating member extend into the corresponding avoidance hole, and lays the first insulating sealant layer in the annular gap between the insulating member and the avoidance hole. Compared with the bonding strength with the aluminum alloy polarity terminal, the insulating sealant is easier to bond with the insulating member and has a higher bonding strength, so that the first insulating sealant layer has higher stability.

[0044] 3. On the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polarity terminal, a functional structure is set on the polarity terminal to increase the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal. The part with the functional structure is placed inside the heat exchange device and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the polarity terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and can thus obtain a better heat exchange effect. Description of the Drawings

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another large-capacity battery in the background art;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0049] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0050] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0051] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of another upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery in Embodiment 3;

[0053] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another single battery in Embodiment 3;

[0054] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 4;

[0055] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the first large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 4;

[0056] Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in Embodiment 4;

[0057] Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in Embodiment 4;

[0058] Figure 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 4;

[0059] Figure 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of the second large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 4;

[0060] Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the third large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 4;

[0061] Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the third large-capacity battery assembly in Embodiment 4;

[0062] Figure 18 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 in Embodiment 4;

[0063] Figure 19 It is a schematic structural diagram of the large-capacity battery module in Embodiment 5;

[0064] Figure 20 It is a cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery module in Embodiment 5;

[0065] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the outer shell of the large-capacity battery in Embodiment 5;

[0066] Figure 22 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder body in Embodiment 5;

[0067] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0068] 01, heat exchange member; 1, outer shell; 11, outer shell top plate; 12, outer shell bottom plate; 13, electrolyte sharing chamber; 14, gas sharing chamber; 2, single cell; 21, polar terminal; 211, electrical connection part; 22, upper cover plate; 23, second unpacking member; 24, lower cover plate; 4, step structure; 5, second annular groove; 6, heat exchange device; 60, first heat exchange pipe fitting; 61, second heat exchange pipe fitting; 611, first channel; 612, first port; 613, second port; 62, first annular gasket; 63, second annular gasket; 7, insulating member; 8, first annular groove; 9, connecting pipe; 10, avoidance hole; 15, second insulating sealant layer; 16, support member; 17, cylinder body; 171, cylinder body side plate; 172, cylinder body top plate; 18, end plate; 19, first insulating sealant layer; 20, sealing ring. Detailed Embodiments

[0069] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0070] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present utility model. However, the present utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0071] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top, bottom" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first, second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0072] The present utility model discloses a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device;

[0073] The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the same direction and placed in the inner cavity of the housing.

[0074] Generally, a rectangular housing is adopted. For the convenience of description, the length direction of the housing is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the housing is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the housing is defined as the z direction.

[0075] The present utility model does not make specific limitations on the housing structure, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0076] The first structure: includes a cylinder with open ends at both ends (that is, the port parallel to the yz plane is an open end) and end plates respectively fixed at the two open ends of the cylinder (that is, the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0077] The second structure: includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (that is, the port parallel to the xy plane is an open end) and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate respectively fixed at the open ends at the top and bottom of the cylinder (that is, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both parallel to the xy plane, and the lower cover plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder);

[0078] A shared chamber is provided in the above housing.

[0079] It should be noted that:

[0080] The above shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is communicated with the inner cavities of each single cell. Through the electrolyte shared chamber, each single cell can be in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell; improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. Herein, the electrolyte shared chamber is a liquid channel extending along the length direction of the housing between the bottom plate of the housing and each single cell. This liquid channel can be integrally formed with the bottom plate of the housing or can be formed by setting support members between the lower cover plate of the single cell and the bottom plate of the housing.

[0081] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas shared chamber provided on the top plate of the outer shell, and the gas shared chamber covers the gas ports on the tops of individual cells in the large-capacity battery. It should be noted that the gas port here has the following two meanings:

[0082] 1) The gas port is a first through hole directly opened on the upper cover plate of the individual cell and penetrating the inner cavity of the individual cell;

[0083] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber is communicated with the gas areas in the inner cavities of the individual cells through the gas port. Based on the gas shared chamber, the gas areas of the individual cells can be communicated to achieve gas balance, enabling the gas sharing of each individual cell to ensure the consistency of each individual cell, and to a certain extent improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery; when any individual cell undergoes thermal runaway, the flue gas in the inner cavity of the individual cell enters the gas shared chamber and is discharged through the gas shared chamber, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0084] 2) The gas port is a pressure relief port or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the individual cell, and a pressure relief membrane is provided at the pressure relief port or explosion-proof port;

[0085] At this time, the gas shared chamber is used as a pressure relief channel. When the pressure relief membrane at the gas port of any individual cell is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the individual cell is communicated with the gas shared chamber, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas shared chamber, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0086] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each individual cell can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0087] To facilitate the electrical connection of such large-capacity batteries, avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the outer shell (in the outer shell of the first structure, the top plate of the outer shell here is the cylinder top plate; in the outer shell of the second structure, the top plate of the outer shell here is the upper cover plate) corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual cell; the polarity terminals of each individual cell extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes to serve as the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery, and the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the housing of the individual cell, so that the avoidance hole part of the top plate of the outer shell is sealed.

[0088] The present utility model contemplates that after the polarity terminals of each individual cell extend out of the avoidance holes, a first insulating and sealing adhesive layer is laid in the annular gap between the polarity terminals and the avoidance holes to achieve the fixed sealing of the area of the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the avoidance hole and the upper cover plate of the individual cell.

[0089] It should be noted that the single-cell polarity terminal described herein can be the single-cell pole column. If it is necessary to avoid the situation where the single-cell pole column as the polarity terminal cannot smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole or the height of extending out of the avoidance hole does not meet the set requirements, a pole-column adapter can also be connected to the single-cell pole column, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the single-cell pole column and the pole-column adapter is used as the single-cell polarity terminal.

[0090] The heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of large-capacity batteries. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation or heating of large-capacity batteries; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is cooled by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, the large-capacity battery is heated by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal working temperature.

[0091] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned large-capacity batteries, the present utility model adopts an inventive concept similar to that of Chinese Patent CN118299714A, that is, mainly conducts heat exchange on the single-cell polarity terminals where heat is relatively concentrated. However, different from Chinese Patent CN118299714A, the present utility model considers that by optimizing the heat exchange structure and adopting a direct heat exchange method, the polarity terminals are in direct contact with the heat exchange medium to achieve heat exchange of the polarity terminals; compared with the effect of the heat exchange medium indirectly exchanging heat with the polarity terminals through the heat exchange element, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and further improving the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries.

[0092] The present utility model also discloses an upper cover assembly for a single cell and a single cell.

[0093] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0094] Embodiment 1

[0095] This embodiment is an upper cover assembly for a single cell, and its structure is as Figure 3 shown, including an upper cover plate 22 and two polarity terminals 21 located on the upper cover plate 22. The polarities of the two polarity terminals 21 are opposite, and they respectively serve as the positive and negative polarity terminals 21 of the single cell 2.

[0096] The upper cover plate 22 is used to enclose with the lower cover assembly of the single cell 2 and the outer cylinder to form the outer shell of the single cell 2.

[0097] An insulating member 7 is provided between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22. The polar terminal 21 is fixed on the upper cover plate 22 through the insulating member 7 and is insulated from the upper cover plate 22 through the insulating member 7. The insulating member 7 can be an annular insulating glue layer formed by pouring insulating glue between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22, or an insulating glue sleeve arranged between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22, etc. The material of the insulating member 7 can adopt the insulating material between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 in the prior art. In addition, the connection manner of the insulating member 7 with the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 can also adopt the relevant prior art, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0098] Using the single cell 2 with the upper cover assembly of this embodiment to construct a large-capacity battery, it is required that at least part of the structure of the insulating member 7 on each upper cover assembly can extend into the avoidance hole 10 on the top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery housing, so as to facilitate bonding with the first insulating sealant layer 19 located in the avoidance hole 10 to improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19. Preferably, the upper end surface of the insulating member 7 is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the housing top plate is located. As can be seen from the figure, compared with the conventional single cell, the height of the insulating member in this embodiment is relatively high to facilitate extending into the avoidance hole. In addition, an annular groove can be formed on the outer side wall of the insulating member 7 along its circumference, and the inner side wall of the first insulating sealant layer 19 is embedded in the annular groove to further improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19. An annular protrusion can also be provided on the outer side wall of the insulating member 7 along its circumference, and the inner side wall of the first insulating sealant layer 19 is provided with an annular groove, and the annular protrusion is embedded in the annular groove, which can also improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19.

[0099] From Figure 3 it can be seen that the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment is the pole column of the single cell 2, and the height of this pole column is relatively high compared with the pole column of the conventional single cell 2.

[0100] In some other embodiments, when the height of the pole column of the single cell 2 does not meet the set requirements, a pole column adapter can also be connected to the pole column of the single cell 2, and the overall structure formed by the cooperation of the pole column of the single cell 2 and the pole column adapter is used as the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0101] Embodiment 2

[0102] This embodiment is an upper cover assembly, and its structure is as Figures 4 to 7As shown, different from Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the structure of the polar terminal is further optimized. It can be seen from the figure that the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment is a cylinder, and two first annular grooves 8 are formed on the side wall of the polar terminal 21. The two first annular grooves 8 are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal 21, and each first annular groove 8 extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal 21. Based on the two first annular grooves, the heat exchange area of this part of the polar terminal 21 can be increased. After placing this part in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 6, compared with the polar terminal 21 with a smooth side wall, it has a larger heat exchange area, and thus a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0103] In some other embodiments, the number, groove width, groove depth and other dimensions of the first annular groove 8 can be adjusted according to requirements, provided that the conductivity of the polar terminal 21 is not affected.

[0104] In some other embodiments, other structures can also be processed on the polar terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21. For the convenience of description, in the present utility model, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures; such functional structures can include dot-shaped pits and protrusions on the side wall of the polar terminal 21, and can also include through holes, notches, etc. on the polar terminal 21; compared with the above functional structures, the first annular groove 8 structure in this embodiment is easy to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0105] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21 of the present utility model is not limited. For example, different from this embodiment, in some other embodiments, a column with a rectangular cross-section can also be used as the polar terminal 21.

[0106] Combined Figures 4 to 7 , it can also be seen that in the side wall of the polar terminal 21 in this embodiment, at least one second annular groove 5 is arranged circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal 21 (see Figure 4 and Figure 5 ), and at least one step structure 4 can also be arranged circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal 21 (see Figure 6 and Figure 7 ). Based on the second annular groove 5 or the step structure 4, the sealing between the heat exchange device and the polar terminal can be realized; different structures can be selected according to different sealing means, and the specific sealing means can be referred to in Embodiment 5.

[0107] This embodiment may also be provided with a first opening member on the upper cover plate 22, and the first opening member is located between the two polar terminals 21. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the first opening member can be separated from the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2 and form a through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the outer shell on the upper cover plate 22; the first opening member adopts an existing structure, for example, the first opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc.

[0108] Embodiment 3

[0109] This embodiment is a single cell 2, and its structure is as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, including an outer shell body and an electrode assembly and electrolyte located inside the outer shell body; wherein the outer shell body is enclosed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly, and the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. Figure 8 and Figure 9 Taking the upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2 as an example, Figure 8 adopt Figure 4 and Figure 5 the upper cover assembly shown, Figure 9 adopt Figure 6 and Figure 7 the upper cover assembly shown.

[0110] The lower cover assembly of this embodiment includes a lower cover plate 24, and a second opening member 23 may also be provided on the lower cover plate 24. Under the action of an external force or electrolyte, the second opening member 23 can be separated from the lower cover plate 24 of the single cell 2 and form a through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the outer shell on the lower cover plate 24; the second opening member 23 is also an existing structure, for example, the opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. The structure of the second opening member 23 may be the same as or different from that of the first opening member.

[0111] Embodiment 4

[0112] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device 6; the heat exchange device 6 is used for heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than the set threshold, by introducing a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange device 6, the large-capacity battery is cooled; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, by introducing a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange device 6, the large-capacity battery is heated; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at a normal working temperature.

[0113] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes a housing 1 and 12 single cells 2 in the embodiment 3 arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 1 along the x direction. In other embodiments, the number of single cells 2 can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

[0114] The housing top plate 11 is provided with avoidance holes 10 that can enable the polar terminals 21 of each single cell 2 to protrude. The polar terminals 21 of each single cell 2 protrude from the corresponding avoidance holes 10, and the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell 2.

[0115] Generally, the following solutions can be adopted to achieve sealing:

[0116] Solution 1: The polar terminals 21 of each single cell 2 protrude from the corresponding avoidance holes 10, and a sealing connection member is added between the avoidance holes 10 and the polar terminals 21 to achieve the fixed sealing of the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 and the housing of the single cell 2.

[0117] The sealing connection member includes a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the single cell 2, and the top of the hollow member is sealed and connected with the second area of the housing top plate 11; the first area is the area around any polar terminal 21 on the upper cover plate 22 of any single cell 2 of the single cell 2; among them, the area around the polar terminal 21 is the area around the insulating member 7 on the polar terminal 21. The second area is the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 10. The area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 is the area around the outer surface of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to any one of the avoidance holes 10; or the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 is the hole wall of the avoidance holes 10.

[0118] Solution 2: Glue is injected into the annular gap between the avoidance holes 10 and the polar terminals 21 to achieve the fixed sealing of the area of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes 10 and the housing of the single cell 2.

[0119] Compared with Solution 1, Solution 2 does not require a welding process, has a simple process, and is easy to operate. Therefore, this embodiment adopts Solution 2. At the same time, as described in Embodiment 1, in order to improve the stability of the glue layer in the annular gap, at least part of the structure of the insulating member 7 sleeved on each polar terminal 21 extends into the avoidance holes 10 on the housing top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery, which is convenient for bonding with the first insulating sealant layer 19 located in the avoidance holes 10.

[0120] From Figure 11It can also be seen that the insulating members 7 sleeved on the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2 in this embodiment all extend into the corresponding avoidance holes 10. By injecting the first insulating sealant into the annular gap between the insulating member 7 and the avoidance hole 10 to form the first insulating sealant layer 19, the fixing and sealing of the area of the outer shell top plate 11 corresponding to the avoidance hole 10 and the housing of the single battery 2 are realized. Figure 11 In order to facilitate the display of the avoidance hole 10, the first insulating sealant layer 19 is not shown in one of the annular gaps.

[0121] An annular groove or boss can also be formed along the circumferential direction on the hole wall of the avoidance hole 10. A rabbet fit structure is formed between the first insulating sealant layer 19 and the annular groove or boss to further improve the stability of the first insulating sealant layer 19.

[0122] When the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2 are in close contact, the first insulating sealant liquid may not penetrate into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1. However, when there is a large gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2, during the process of injecting the first insulating sealant into the annular gap, under the action of gravity, the first insulating sealant liquid will inevitably flow into the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 from the annular gap and the gap between the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2. When the first insulating sealant liquid contains substances that can react with the electrolyte, it may affect the battery performance.

[0123] To overcome this problem, as Figure 11 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, in this embodiment, a sealing ring 20 is sleeved around the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2. The bottom surface of the sealing ring 20 is in close contact with the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2, and the top surface of the sealing ring 20 is in close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell top plate 11. In addition to acting as a glue-blocking function, the sealing ring 20 also has a sealing function. Cooperating with the first insulating sealant, a better sealing effect can be achieved. To further improve the sealing performance, the inner ring surface of the sealing ring 20 is in close contact with the insulating member 7.

[0124] An L-shaped sealing ring can also be used, that is, the cross-section of the L-shaped sealing ring is L-shaped; the L-shaped sealing ring includes a horizontal sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface; the horizontal sealing surface is clamped between the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2 and the outer shell top plate 11, and the vertical sealing surface is located in the annular gap, and the outer ring surface of the vertical sealing surface is in close contact with the hole wall of the avoidance hole 10. Based on the vertical sealing surface, sealing can be carried out in the axial direction of the avoidance hole. In addition, the vertical sealing surface is in contact with the hole wall of the avoidance hole, which can position the L-shaped sealing ring to prevent the sealing ring 20 from falling off or shifting during the installation process.

[0125] The sealing ring 20 can be made of plastic material, which has a certain elasticity and does not react with the electrolyte. The sealing ring 20 and the upper cover plate 22 of the corresponding single battery 2 may have no connection relationship. It is only placed in the corresponding position, and the sealing ring 20 can be pressed tightly on the upper cover plate 22 of the corresponding single battery 2 by using the outer shell top plate 11. In order to prevent the sealing ring 20 from falling off or shifting during the installation process, the lower end of the sealing ring 20 can be bonded to the upper cover plate 22 of the corresponding single battery 2. Also, an annular groove for fixing the sealing ring 20 can be pre-opened on the upper cover plate 22 of the single battery 2, and the sealing ring 20 can be fixed in this annular groove.

[0126] As Figure 11 shown, a support member 16 extending in the x direction is provided between the outer shell bottom plate 12 and each single battery 2 to form a liquid channel as the electrolyte sharing chamber 13. The inner cavity electrolyte area of each single battery 2 is communicated with the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 by opening the second unpacking member 23 of the lower cover plate 24.

[0127] Figure 10 and Figure 11 In [cases not shown], on the outer shell top plate 11, a boss extending in the x direction is provided, and a gas channel is opened on the boss. This gas channel communicates with the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 as the gas sharing chamber 14. The inner cavity gas area of each single battery 2 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 14 by opening the first unpacking member of the upper cover plate 22. When gas is generated in the inner cavity of the single battery 2, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 14 can also be used as a gas accommodation chamber to relieve the problem of the outer shell 1 bulging caused by gas generation.

[0128] In some other embodiments, when the upper cover plate 22 does not have the first unpacking member, the gas sharing chamber 14 covers the gas ports of each single battery 2. At this time, the gas sharing chamber 14 is used as a venting channel. When the venting film at the gas port of any single battery 2 is broken by the inner cavity flue gas, the inner cavity of this single battery 2 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 14, and the internal flue gas is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 14, improving the safety of this large-capacity battery.

[0129] In some other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 or the gas sharing chamber 14 may also be provided.

[0130] The heat exchange device 6 of this embodiment includes heat exchange pipe fittings, and the heat exchange pipe fittings have a first channel 611 and at least one row of second channel units. The first channel 611 extends in the x direction. Each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged in the x direction, and each second channel extends in the z direction and penetrates the first channel 611. And each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds to the polarity terminals 21 on the same side of the multiple single batteries 2 one by one.

[0131] In this embodiment, it mainly includes a heat exchange pipe fitting with a row of second channel units and a heat exchange pipe fitting with two rows of second channel units. The heat exchange pipe fitting with a row of second channel units can be defined as the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, and the heat exchange pipe fitting with two rows of second channel units can be defined as the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61.

[0132] For the second channels in the above two types of heat exchange pipe fittings, the orthographic projection area in the xy plane needs to be slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21 (where the first part of the polar terminal 21 includes the part of the polar terminal 21 where the functional structure is provided and the electrical connection part 211 located above this part) in the xy plane, to ensure that the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel. And in the z direction, the size of the second channel is smaller than the size of the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21, to ensure that in the z direction, the top of the first part of the polar terminal 21, which is the electrical connection part 211, extends out of the second channel.

[0133] In some cases, the cross-sectional areas of the first part and the other parts of the polar terminal 21 are exactly equal. Therefore, it can be considered that only "the orthographic projection area of the second channel in the xy plane is slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the corresponding polar terminal 21 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, the size of the second channel is smaller than the size of the corresponding polar terminal 21" is required to ensure that the first part of the corresponding polar terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 extends out of the second channel.

[0134] Generally, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel (for the convenience of description, the two ports are respectively defined as the first port 612 and the second port 613, where the second port 613 is the port close to the electrical connection part 211) are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21. If the two ports of the second channel are round holes and the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is circular, then the diameter of the second channel needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first part of the polar terminal 21; if the two ports of the second channel are square holes and the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is square, then the area of the second channel port needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the first part of the polar terminal 21.

[0135] After fixing the above heat exchange pipe fitting on the top of the large-capacity battery, the parts of the corresponding polar terminals 21 where the functional structures are provided are inserted into the corresponding second channels, and in the z direction, the electrical connection parts 211 of the polar terminals 21 extend out of the second channels; the two ports of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polar terminals 21.

[0136] The inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe fitting (i.e., the inner cavity of the first channel 611) serves as the flow cavity for the heat exchange medium. The part of the polar terminal 21 with the functional structure is located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe fitting and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the effect of indirectly heating the polar terminal 21 by the tubular heat exchange part 01 for the heat exchange medium, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path (shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange part 01 - polar terminal 21" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal 21"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area (increased from "the card slot with a certain surface area" to "part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe fitting"), improving the heat exchange efficiency, and thus can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of such large-capacity batteries. In addition, by setting the functional structure, the heat exchange area can be further increased to further optimize the heat exchange effect.

[0137] It should be noted that:

[0138] 1. Since the polar terminal 21 of the present invention is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, as well as suitable working temperature, long life, and no corrosion. In the present invention, the heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid, etc.

[0139] 2. Generally, two such first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are used as the heat exchange device 6, and the two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are respectively sleeved on the polar terminals 21 on different sides (which can be in contact with the top of the large-capacity battery or not).

[0140] When the above-mentioned first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is in contact with the polar terminal 21 and the top of the large-capacity battery at the same time, if the polar terminal 21 is electrically connected to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange pipe fitting, it will cause a short circuit. Therefore, it is necessary to insulate between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery, or it can also insulate between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the polar terminal 21; of course, it can also insulate between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery as well as the polar terminal 21; that is, as long as it is ensured that the polar terminal 21 cannot be electrically connected to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0141] Generally, the following methods can be used to solve the above problems:

[0142] 2.1. Select a heat exchange pipe fitting made of insulating material, which can achieve insulation between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery as well as the polar terminal 21.

[0143] 2.2. An insulating gasket, insulating film or insulating paint can be added between the top of the large-capacity battery and the heat exchange pipe fitting made of non-insulating material to overcome this problem; an insulating gasket, insulating film or insulating paint can also be added to the inner bottom surface of the heat exchange pipe fitting (the side of the heat exchange pipe fitting interior close to the top of the large-capacity battery) to overcome this problem; the heat exchange pipe fitting wall can also be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc., to overcome this problem; an insulating component ring can also be added between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange pipe fitting to overcome this problem; of course, for safety reasons, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to overcome this problem;

[0144] 3. Generally, one of the above-mentioned second heat exchange pipe fittings 61 is used as the heat exchange device 6, and two rows of second channel units are respectively sleeved on the polar terminals 21 on different sides. Different from the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 is liable to come into contact with the polar terminals 21 of different polarities of the same single battery 2 at the same time. Therefore, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 must be insulated from the polar terminal 21 to prevent the two polar terminals 21 of different polarities from being conducted through the heat exchange pipe fitting, resulting in a short circuit; after the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 is insulated from the polar terminal 21, the polar terminal 21 cannot be electrically conducted to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange pipe fitting either.

[0145] The insulation between the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 and the polar terminal 21 can be achieved in the following ways:

[0146] 3.1. Select a heat exchange pipe fitting made of insulating material, which can achieve the insulation between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the polar terminal 21, and at the same time achieve the insulation between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery;

[0147] 3.2. Use a heat exchange pipe fitting made of non-insulating material, and add an insulating component ring between the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange pipe fitting; insulate the heat exchange pipe fitting wall, for example, by spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc.; for safety reasons, the above methods can be combined to adopt a multiple insulation method to overcome this problem.

[0148] The following combines Figures 10 to 18 , and will elaborate in detail on the large-capacity battery assembly with the above two structural heat exchange pipe fittings in this embodiment;

[0149] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, they are respectively the structural schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the large-capacity battery assembly adopting the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in this embodiment;

[0150] The structure of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is as Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, it includes a pipe body, in which a first channel 611 and 12 second channels (the 12 second channels form a row of second channel units) are provided; the number of second channels is the same as the number of single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery. In some other embodiments, the number of second channels can be adjusted according to the number of single cells 2 in the large-capacity battery.

[0151] The present utility model does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the pipe body. Since the heat exchange pipe fitting in this embodiment is placed on the top of the planar large-capacity battery, considering the structural regularity, it can be seen from the figure that the pipe body in this embodiment is a rectangular pipe. In some other embodiments, a circular pipe or other structural forms of pipes can also be used.

[0152] The above-mentioned first channel 611 is a channel opened along the length direction of the pipe body. In the present utility model, after the heat exchange pipe fitting is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the length direction of the pipe body is the same as the arrangement direction of the single cells 2 (the arrangement direction of the single cells 2 is the x direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the first channel 611 extends along the x direction. The two end ports of the first channel 611 serve as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0153] The above-mentioned second channel is a channel that penetrates the pipe wall of the pipe body and communicates with the first channel 611. In the present utility model, after the heat exchange pipe fitting is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the extending direction of the second channel is the same as the height direction of the single cells 2 (the height direction of the single cells 2 is the z direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the second channel extends along the z direction.

[0154] In addition, multiple second channels need to correspond one by one to the polarity terminals 21 on the same side of multiple single cells 2; when it is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the electrical connection parts 211 of the polarity terminals 21 of each single cell 2 pass through the first ports 612 of the corresponding second channels and extend out from the second ports 613. Here, the second port 613 is the port close to the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21; the parts with functional structures of each polarity terminal 21 are located in the inner cavity of the first channel 611.

[0155] In this embodiment, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21. The shapes of the two ports of the second channel are circular, and the cross-section of the polarity terminal 21 is also circular, and the diameters of the two ports of the second channel are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 21; in some other embodiments, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel and the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21 can be different, as long as it is ensured that the polarity terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel.

[0156] From Figure 10As can be seen, the large-capacity battery assembly in this embodiment includes two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60. The two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are sleeved on the polar terminals 21 on different sides respectively based on the second channels, and the two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 are connected in series through a connecting pipe 9. In some other embodiments, the two first heat exchange pipe fittings 60 can also be connected in parallel.

[0157] In this embodiment, by using the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 made of insulating material, insulation between the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 and the top of the large-capacity battery as well as the polar terminal 21 is achieved.

[0158] In addition, since an insulating heat exchange medium flows inside the heat exchange pipe fitting, the sealing performance between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the polar terminal 21 is particularly important.

[0159] From Figure 14 it can be seen that when using the Figure 8 shown single battery 2, a second annular gasket 63 is sleeved in the second annular groove 5 of each polar terminal 21; the bottom surface of the outer edge of the second annular gasket 63 is hermetically connected to the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, realizing the sealing between each second port 613 of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminal 21. The upper end surface of the insulating member 7 serves as the supporting surface of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, and a sealing glue layer is coated or a sealing gasket is added between the insulating member 7 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 to realize the sealing between each first port 612 of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminal 21.

[0160] Since the second annular gasket 63 is embedded in the second annular groove 5, therefore, in cooperation with the insulating member 7, the second annular gasket 63 can also limit the position of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in the z direction, improving the stability of the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0161] It should be noted that:

[0162] 1. Because the second annular gasket 63 needs to be embedded in the second annular groove 5, the second annular gasket 63 needs to have a certain elasticity in its radial direction, so as to be sleeved on the polar terminal 21 and embedded in the second annular groove 5 through the electrical connection part 211.

[0163] 2. The sealing connection method between the bottom surface of the outer edge of the second annular gasket 63 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can be selected according to the material of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. For example, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of insulating material, so the sealing connection between the two can be realized by coating sealing glue between the outer edge of the second annular gasket 63 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. When using a first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 made of metal material, a sealing gasket can be added between the two, and the two can be hermetically connected by screws.

[0164] From Figure 15It can be seen that when the single battery 2 shown in Figure 9 is adopted, the sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the second port 613 of the corresponding second channel can be achieved through the first annular gasket 62; specifically, the first annular gasket 62 is sleeved on each polar terminal 21, and the bottom surface of the inner edge of the first annular gasket 62 is pressed against the step surface of the step structure 4 and is hermetically connected to the polar terminal 21; the bottom surface of the outer edge is hermetically connected to the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. The upper end surface of the insulating member 7 serves as the supporting surface of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, and a sealant layer is coated or a gasket is added between the insulating member 7 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 to achieve the sealing between each first port 612 of the second channel and the corresponding polar terminal 21.

[0165] Similarly, since the first annular gasket 62 is hermetically connected to the polar terminal 21, the first annular gasket 62 and the insulating member 7 cooperate to limit the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 in the z direction, thereby improving the stability of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60.

[0166] It should be noted that:

[0167] The material of the first annular gasket 62 and the sealing connection method between the first annular gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can be selected according to the material of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60. For example, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of an insulating material, so a first annular gasket 62 made of a metal material can be selected. The first annular gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 can be hermetically connected by welding, and the first annular gasket 62 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can be hermetically connected by bonding; when the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 is made of a metal material, the first annular gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 and the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60 can all be hermetically connected by welding.

[0168] In some other embodiments, an O-ring 20 can also be added between the polar terminal 21 and the two ports of the second channel to achieve sealing.

[0169] As Figure 16 and Figure 17 shown, for the large-capacity battery assembly using the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61, the structure of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 is specifically as Figure 18 shown. Different from the first heat exchange pipe fitting 60, it includes two rows of second channel units, and the multiple second channels thereon correspond one by one to all the polar terminals 21 of the multiple single batteries 2; that is, in this embodiment, the parts of all the polar terminals 21 with functional structures are located in the same first channel 611.

[0170] Sealing plates can be added at both ends of the first channel 611, and holes are opened in the sealing plates to serve as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 respectively.

[0171] The second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 made of an insulating medium is also used to insulate the heat exchange pipe fitting from the polar terminal 21. The sealing method between each polar terminal 21 and the two ports of the second channel is the same as above and will not be elaborated here.

[0172] It should be noted that since the second heat exchange pipe fitting 61 basically covers the top of the entire large-capacity battery, it is not convenient to set up a gas sharing chamber 14 with a relatively large z-direction dimension on the top of such large-capacity batteries. Each single battery 2 can achieve gas communication through the through holes opened on its upper cover plate 22 to achieve gas balance.

[0173] In some other embodiments, the heat exchange device 6 can also be a half-pipe structure (the half-pipe mentioned here can be understood as dividing the whole pipe into two halves along the axial direction of the pipe, and each half is a half-pipe), and through holes for the electrical connection parts 211 of each polar terminal 21 to pass through are opened on the pipe wall. Such a heat exchange device 6 is hermetically buckled on the top of the large-capacity battery. The space between the half-pipe and the top of the large-capacity battery serves as the heat exchange medium flow space, and the parts of the polar terminal 21 with functional structures are located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity.

[0174] Embodiment 5

[0175] This embodiment is another large-capacity battery assembly. Different from Embodiment 4, on the basis of Embodiment 4, a second insulating sealant layer 15 is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0176] The specific structure is as Figure 19 and Figure 20 shown. Taking the addition of the second insulating sealant layer 15 on the basis of the large-capacity battery assemblies shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 as an example, the second insulating sealant layer 15 covers the top of the large-capacity battery and wraps the heat exchange pipe fitting.

[0177] In order to improve the stability of the second insulating sealant layer 15, the outer shell 1 of the large-capacity battery can also be spray-coated in this embodiment. On the one hand, it can insulate the aluminum outer shell 1. On the other hand, compared with the bonding strength with the aluminum outer shell 1, the insulating sealant is easier to bond with the spray-coated outer layer and has a relatively high bonding strength, thereby making the second insulating sealant layer 15 have relatively high stability. In addition, the bonding strength can be made better by matching the types of the spray-coated material and the second insulating sealant.

[0178] The first insulating sealant layer 19 and the second insulating sealant layer 15 can be regarded as a whole, which can not only seal the position of the avoidance hole 10, but also have at least the following advantages:

[0179] First, further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange pipe fitting;

[0180] Specifically, when the sealing method of Embodiment 4 is adopted and the sealing between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21 is completed, if there are still tiny gaps between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21, the insulating sealant liquid forming the second insulating sealant layer 15 seeps into the tiny gaps between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21, and further seals the gaps radially (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the first channel 611 through the tiny gaps);

[0181] II. Anti-condensation;

[0182] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange pipe fitting, condensation will occur on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short-circuit problem; by laying the second insulating sealant layer 15 on the top of the heat exchange pipe fitting, when condensation occurs on the surface of the heat exchange pipe fitting, the second insulating sealant layer 15 can prevent the occurrence of battery short-circuit;

[0183] III. Achieve insulation between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery;

[0184] When using a heat exchange pipe fitting made of non-insulating material, when the insulating sealant completely wraps around the outside of the heat exchange pipe fitting, the insulation of such heat exchange pipe fitting can be achieved, and the insulation performance between the heat exchange pipe fitting and the top of the large-capacity battery can be further improved.

[0185] IV. Improve the stability of the heat exchange pipe fitting;

[0186] Since the heat exchange pipe fitting is completely wrapped by the second insulating sealant layer, the stability of the heat exchange pipe fitting on the large-capacity battery can be further improved.

[0187] From Figure 19 and Figure 20 It can also be seen that the electrical connection parts 211 of each polar terminal 21 all extend out of the second insulating sealant layer 15 to facilitate connection with the electrical connection component assembly. The electrical connection component assembly is an electrical connection component for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 2 in the large-capacity battery and / or the series connection of adjacent large-capacity batteries. At the same time, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange pipe fitting both expose the second insulating sealant layer 15, facilitating connection with an external heat exchange device storing a heat exchange medium.

[0188] In some other embodiments, after connecting the electrical connection component to the polar terminal 21, the second insulating sealant layer 15 can be laid on the top of the large-capacity battery, that is, the second insulating sealant layer 15 completely covers the polar terminal 21 of the single battery 2 and the connection part between the electrical connection component and the polar terminal 21; in the whole large-capacity battery, when the outer shell 1 is insulated, only the free end of the electrical connection component (for realizing the series connection of large-capacity batteries) is exposed and charged, and the rest are insulated, making such large-capacity batteries have higher safety performance.

[0189] In order to prevent the problem of glue overflow during the glue injection process, in this embodiment, a partial structure of the housing 1 is used as a glue baffle. The following will be combined with Figure 21 and Figure 22 to elaborate on the structure of the housing 1 in this embodiment in detail.

[0190] As Figure 21 shown, it is an exploded structure schematic diagram of the housing 1 in this embodiment. The housing 1 is disassembled into a cylinder 17 with open ends at both ends and end plates 18 covering the open ends of the cylinder 17. The structure of the cylinder 17 is as Figure 22 shown. The two ends of the cylinder 17 are open ends, that is, the open ends of the cylinder 17 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the cylinder side plate 171 is higher than the height of the cylinder top plate 172; the part of the cylinder side plate 171 higher than the cylinder top plate 172 is used as a glue baffle. The cylinder 17 can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient for processing. At the same time, it has good sealing performance compared with the split structure.

Claims

1. A high-capacity battery component, characterized in that: It includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; The large-capacity battery includes a housing and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing along the x direction, the housing is provided with at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber communicates with the inner cavities of all single cells; avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the housing corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes, and an annular gap is formed between the avoidance holes and the polarity terminals, and a first insulating sealant layer is provided in the annular gap; On the top of the housing, a heat exchange device extending along the x direction is provided, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; in the z direction, the polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device, and a part of the structure of the polarity terminal is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium; another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part, and the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed with the heat exchange device.

2. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein: An insulating member is sleeved on each polarity terminal, and the polarity terminal is fixed on the upper cover plate through the insulating member; at least part of the structure of the insulating member extends into the avoidance hole and is bonded to the first insulating sealant layer in the avoidance hole.

3. The large-capacity battery module according to claim 2, wherein: The upper end surface of the insulating member is not lower than the plane where the upper surface of the top plate of the housing is located.

4. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a plurality of sealing rings corresponding to the polarity terminals one by one; the sealing rings are sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminals, the bottom surface of the sealing ring is closely attached to the upper cover plate of the single cell, and the top surface of the sealing ring is closely attached to the inner surface of the top plate of the housing; the first insulating sealant layer is located on the sealing ring.

5. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing ring is an L-shaped sealing ring; the L-shaped sealing ring includes a horizontal sealing surface and a vertical sealing surface; the bottom surface of the horizontal sealing surface is closely attached to the upper cover plate of the single cell, the top surface of the horizontal sealing surface is closely attached to the inner surface of the top plate of the housing; the outer peripheral surface of the vertical sealing surface is closely attached to the inner wall of the avoidance hole.

6. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal; the part of the polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the heat exchange device.

7. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The functional structure is n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

8. The large-capacity battery assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange device includes a heat exchange pipe fitting; The heat exchange pipe fitting includes a pipe body, and a first channel and at least one row of second channel units are provided in the pipe body; the first channel extends along the x direction and serves as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged along the x direction, and each second channel extends along the z direction and penetrates the first channel; Each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds to the polarity terminal on the same side of the large-capacity battery one by one; The part of each polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is inserted into the corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the second channel; The first port and the second port of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polarity terminal.

9. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a second insulating sealant layer; the second insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the large-capacity battery and cooperates with the first sealant layer to wrap the heat exchange pipe fitting.

10. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 9, wherein: A spray coating layer is provided on the surface of the housing, and the second insulating sealant layer is closely bonded to the spray coating layer.

11. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 8, wherein: It also includes a plurality of first annular gaskets corresponding to the polarity terminals one by one; A first-level step structure provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal along the circumferential direction of the polarity terminal; The first annular gasket is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal, and the bottom surface of the inner edge is crimped on the step surface of the step structure and is hermetically connected to the polar terminal; the bottom surface of the outer edge is hermetically connected to the heat exchange pipe fitting, realizing the seal between the second port of each second channel and the corresponding polar terminal; The heat exchange pipe fitting is bonded to the upper end surface of each polar terminal insulating member, realizing the seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polar terminal.

12. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 8, wherein: It further includes a plurality of second annular gaskets corresponding to the polar terminals one by one; A second annular groove provided on the side wall of the polar terminal along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal; The second annular gasket is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal and is embedded in the second annular groove; The bottom surface of the outer edge of the second annular gasket is hermetically connected to the heat exchange pipe fitting, realizing the seal between the second port of each second channel and the corresponding polar terminal; The heat exchange pipe fitting is bonded to the upper end surface of each polar terminal insulating member, realizing the seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polar terminal.

Images