Battery cell crushing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery recovery devices, and particularly discloses a battery cell crushing device. Comprising a support, a driving motor is arranged on the support, and the support is sequentially provided with a shredding assembly for shredding and extruding materials through gaps between cutter shafts, a crushing assembly for crushing the materials through relative movement of a cutter plate rotating at a high speed and a fixed gear ring and a smashing assembly for rubbing the materials through a movable cutter and a fixed cutter. And a plurality of crushing structures are used for carrying out layering treatment, so that the technical problems that gaps of a battery cell crushing device in the prior art are fixed, and battery cells with different sizes cannot be subjected to layering crushing are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery recycling devices, in particular to a battery core crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are chemical power sources that use lithium metal or lithium-ion compounds as electrode materials. They are rechargeable batteries with advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and a wide operating temperature range. Therefore, they are widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields. However, due to the large amount of rare metals in lithium batteries, they need to be recycled at the end of their life. Recycling of lithium batteries requires the use of a crushing and separation device to break down the battery cells.

[0003] Crushing is usually performed using a crushing device, such as a lithium battery cell pole piece crushing and separation device with Chinese patent publication number CN218309967U, which relates to the field of crushing and separation technology. The device comprises a workbench, symmetrical cutting assemblies are fixedly installed on both sides of the workbench, one end of the cutting assembly is fixedly provided with a first motor, a plurality of lithium battery bodies are placed on the upper surface of the workbench, a bracket is fixedly provided at one end of the workbench away from the lithium battery body, and a crusher assembly for crushing the battery cells in the lithium battery body is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket.

[0004] Although the above scheme can first separate the battery cells and electrodes of the lithium battery and then crush the battery cells, only one set of crusher components is used for crushing the battery cells, and the crushing components are directly fixed in gap. Battery cells from different sources are of different sizes. Battery cells that are too large are easily stuck in the crushing components, and battery cells that are too small are not crushed thoroughly. Moreover, the sizes of fragments of the same material after crushing are inconsistent, and they are not easy to separate during the subsequent screening. In addition, the battery cells after one crushing often have the technical problem of incomplete crushing. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery cell crushing device to solve the technical problem that the battery cell crushing device in the prior art mentioned above has a fixed gap and cannot crush battery cells of different sizes in layers.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a battery cell crushing device, comprising a bracket, on which a driving motor is provided, on which a shredding assembly is sequentially provided for utilizing the gap between the knife shafts to shred and squeeze the material, a crushing assembly for crushing the material by the relative movement of the high-speed rotating knife plate and the fixed gear ring, and a pulverizing assembly for rubbing the material against each other by the movable knife and the fixed knife, and a conveyor belt for transporting the material in sequence is provided between the shredding assembly, the crushing assembly and the pulverizing assembly.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0008] 1. In the prior art, battery cells of different sizes are crushed by crushing components with fixed gaps, which makes the crushing process not only easy to get stuck in the machine because of too much material, but also because after the large battery cell material gets stuck in the machine, the small battery cell material may leak out from the gap and not be destroyed or crushed by the machine. However, the battery cells of different sizes, including the outer shell, diaphragm, positive and negative electrodes, electrolyte, etc., only need to tear the outer shell into pieces, and the internal electrolyte diaphragm is a small component or flexible component that is not easy to get stuck in the machine. The outer shell is the main thing that gets stuck in the machine. Therefore, this application uses a shredding mechanism to tear the outer shell of the battery cell before crushing, so that the internal material of the battery cell is exposed. After the outer shell is no longer supported by the internal material, it is easy to deform and break under the shredding mechanism, so that the overall volume is easier to reduce and is not easy to get stuck in the machine.

[0009] 2. The prior art uses a one-time crushing process, which is not targeted and does not achieve the required fineness in the destruction of the battery cells. However, the present application designs a shredding component, a crushing component, and a pulverizing component, which utilizes a three-step cell destruction mechanism to shred the cell shell. The cell interior is crushed and the final fragment size is controlled, so that different sized battery cells can be placed in the shredding component.

[0010] Furthermore, the shredding assembly includes a shredding motor, which drives the cutter shaft through a belt.

[0011] Furthermore, a speed reducer is directly provided between the shredding motor and the cutter shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the knife shaft includes a first knife shaft and a second knife shaft, and the first knife shaft and the second knife shaft rotate in opposite directions.

[0013] Furthermore, the bracket includes three platforms with different heights, and the shredding assembly, crushing assembly and pulverizing assembly are installed on different platforms from high to low.

[0014] Furthermore, the pulverizing assembly includes a pulverizing discharge port, and the pulverizing discharge port is provided with a screen plate. The screen plate can ensure that the battery core material reaches a specified fineness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the shredding component of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the knife shaft structure of the shredding assembly of the embodiment of the utility model

[0018] Figure 4This is a structural diagram of the crushing component of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade and rack of the crushing assembly of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the crushing component of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable knife and fixed knife structure of the crushing assembly in an embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0023] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: bracket 1, shredding assembly 2, main machine pulley 21, motor pulley 22, shredding motor 23, shredding feed hopper 24, shredding bin 25, reducer 26, coupling 27, crushing assembly 3, crushing discharge hopper 31, crushing pulley 32, crushing motor 33, crushing bin 34, crushing hammer 341, fixed gear ring 342, crushing assembly 4, crushing feed port 41, crushing motor 42, crushing pulley 43, crushing bin 44, movable knife 441, fixed knife 442, first belt 51, second belt 52, first knife shaft 6, second knife shaft 7.

[0024] Implementation example Figures 1 to 7 The figure shows a battery cell crushing device, comprising a bracket 1. Bracket 1 is a steel frame welded from angle steel. It primarily supports the shredder assembly 2, crusher assembly 3, and pulverizer assembly 4, preventing the three components responsible for the crushing process from coming into direct contact with the ground. Bracket 1 is divided into three platforms: high, medium, and low. The shredder assembly 2, crusher assembly 3, and pulverizer assembly 4 are positioned on the three platforms in sequence. A first belt 51 is provided between the shredder assembly 2 and the crusher assembly 3, allowing the shredded material from the shredder assembly 2 to be transported to the feed bin of the crusher assembly 3 via the first belt 51. A second belt 52 is provided between the crusher assembly 3 and the pulverizer assembly 4 for conveying the crushed material from the crusher assembly 3 to the pulverizer assembly.

[0025] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2The left and right sides of the shredder assembly 2 are symmetrically arranged, so the structure on the left side is described. The shredder assembly 2 includes a shredder motor 23. The shredder motor 23 is arranged at the bottom of the shredder assembly 2. The output shaft of the shredder motor 23 is keyed to a motor pulley 22. The motor pulley 22 is connected to the main pulley 21 through a synchronous belt. Therefore, the shredder motor 23 can drive the motor pulley 22 and then drive the main pulley 21 to rotate. The main shaft of the main pulley 21 is connected to the reducer 26. The output end of the reducer 26 is connected to the coupling 27. The coupling 27 is connected to the cutter shaft in the shredding bin 25, so that a set of driving mechanisms are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the shredding assembly, and the first cutter shaft 6 and the second cutter shaft 7 are driven to rotate in the shredding bin 25 at the same time, and the two sets of cutter shafts rotate in opposite directions. The battery cell materials entering from the shredding feed hopper 24 are shredded and squeezed by the two sets of cutter shafts, and the interior of the shredding bin is a V-shaped contraction structure, so that the further the material goes down, the smaller the space is, forcing the material to contact with the cutter group, and then the metal blocks on the surface of the battery cell, the basket material of the retaining structure and other structures are shredded.

[0026] Crushing component 3 Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 3 The direction is the description direction. A crushing motor 33 is provided on the bracket 1 on the left side of the crushing component 3. A pulley is provided on the output shaft of the crushing motor 33. The pulley of the crushing motor 33 is connected to the crushing pulley 32 by a belt, and the main shaft of the crushing pulley 32 is directly connected to the crushing hammer 341 in the crushing bin 34. A knife-hammer combined crushing structure is provided in the crushing bin. The high-speed rotating crushing hammer 341 drives the battery cell material to move at high speed toward the fixed gear ring 342. The battery cell material collides with the fixed gear ring 342. The shredded battery cell material collides and rubs with each other between the crushing hammer and the fixed gear ring 342, and is sheared by the knife plate to achieve crushing.

[0027] Crushing component 4 Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the crushing assembly 4 includes a crushing chamber 44, a crushing motor 42, and a crushing pulley 43. Its drive structure is the same as that of the crushing assembly 3, with the crushing motor 42 driving the crushing pulley 43 through a belt. However, within the crushing chamber 44, the crushing assembly is equipped with a circular moving blade 441, and a fixed blade 442 is installed on the outer periphery of the moving blade. There is a gap between the movable blade 441 and the fixed blade 442. When the crushed material enters the crushing bin from the crushing feed port 41 due to its own gravity or external force, it is affected by the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotating movable blade 441 in the crushing bin 44, and collides with the fixed blade 442 along the radial direction, and is directly crushed by the movable blade 441 and the fixed blade 442. Since the battery core material is centrifugally moved outward and collides and rebounds with the wall of the crushing bin 44, the materials collide and rub against each other and rub against the movable blade and the fixed blade. The material is continuously crushed until it reaches a certain fineness and falls into the crushing discharge port below. A screen plate is provided at the crushing discharge port of the crushing component 4. Only materials that reach the specified size can pass through the screen plate and be sieved out of the crushing component 4 to become the required battery core powder.

[0028] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the commonly known specific structures and characteristics of the scheme are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell crushing device, comprising a bracket, characterized in that: The bracket is provided with a shredding assembly that utilizes the gap between the knife shafts to tear and squeeze the material, a crushing assembly that crushes the material by the relative movement of the high-speed rotating breaker hammer and the fixed gear ring, and a pulverizing assembly that utilizes the mutual friction of the movable knife and the fixed knife to rub the material. A conveyor belt that can transport the material in sequence is provided between the shredding assembly, the crushing assembly and the pulverizing assembly.

2. The battery cell crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shredding assembly includes a shredding motor, which drives the cutter shaft through a belt.

3. The battery cell crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shredding motor and the cutter shaft are directly provided with a speed reducer.

4. The battery cell crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The knife shaft includes a first knife shaft and a second knife shaft, and the first knife shaft and the second knife shaft rotate in opposite directions.

5. The battery cell crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket includes three platforms with different heights, and the shredding assembly, crushing assembly and pulverizing assembly are installed on different platforms from high to low.

6. The battery cell crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing component includes a pulverizing discharge port, and the pulverizing discharge port is provided with a screen plate.

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