Positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of precise instruments, in particular to a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring which comprises a fixed part and a floating part, the fixed part is provided with a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity, the floating part comprises a first floating seat and a second floating seat, and the first floating seat and the second floating seat are connected through a connecting plate. The first floating seat and the second floating seat form a whole, magnetic steel with opposite magnetic poles is arranged on the two sides of the first floating seat and the two sides of the second floating seat in the vertical direction respectively, and the first floating seat and the second floating seat are arranged in the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity respectively in a balanced mode in a magnetic force mode. According to the utility model, the magnetic spring is connected with the air bag in parallel, the air bag is of a positive stiffness structure, the magnetic spring is of a negative stiffness structure, the air bag and the magnetic spring are connected in parallel, the inherent frequency of the workbench arranged on the air bag and the magnetic spring is reduced on the vertical vector, and the precision of a precise instrument is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of precision instruments, in particular to a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry and technology, the demand for precision vibration isolation and vibration control technologies is increasing. Traditional shock absorbers mostly rely on elastic materials or hydraulic devices, but these methods have limitations such as unadjustable characteristic lines and the inability to control in real time, which restricts their application in specific fields. Existing methods use airbags to reduce or eliminate the natural frequency of the workbench above them, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect. However, when using airbags, the airbags themselves are placed on the ground, and the ground itself has its own natural frequency, which is transmitted to the workbench through the airbags. After production, the airbags' own stiffness cannot be changed, resulting in a large natural frequency on the workbench, which cannot meet the requirements of precision equipment.

[0003] Therefore, the present application has developed a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring to solve the problem in the prior art that the workbench vibrates due to the large natural frequency of the workbench, thereby reducing the accuracy of precision instruments.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is: a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring, comprising: a fixed part and a floating part, the fixed part is provided with a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity, the floating part comprises a first floating seat and a second floating seat, the first floating seat and the second floating seat are connected by a connecting plate, so that the first floating seat and the second floating seat form a whole, the first floating seat and the second floating seat are respectively provided with magnetic steels with opposite magnetic poles on both sides in the vertical direction, the first floating seat and the second floating seat are respectively balanced and arranged in the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity by means of magnetic force, so that the magnetic spring connected in parallel with the airbag generates a negative stiffness force in the vertical vector.

[0006] Preferably, the fixing part includes a first fixing seat, a second fixing seat and a third fixing seat, the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat are connected by a connecting plate, the second fixing seat and the third fixing seat are connected by an adjusting device, and the height of the second fixing seat is adjusted, the magnet includes a fixed magnet and a floating magnet, and a plurality of the fixed magnets are respectively arranged on the first fixing seat, the second fixing seat and the third fixing seat, and the fixed magnet and the floating magnet are spaced apart in the first accommodating cavity, and in the second accommodating cavity, two of the fixed magnets and the floating magnet are spaced apart, and the two fixed magnets are distributed on both sides of the floating magnet in the vertical direction.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting plates are located on both sides of the corresponding magnetic steels and are symmetrical with respect to the magnetic steels. An adapter plate is provided at one end of the fixed part away from the third fixed seat for cooperating with the parallel airbag to bear weight. The adapter plate is connected to the first floating seat through a connecting plate, so that the connecting plates of the fixed part and the connecting plates of the floating part are staggered.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment device includes an adjustment plate and a support plate, the support plate is arranged between the second fixing seat and the third fixing seat, the adjustment plate is fixed to the second fixing seat and the support plate by screws, a slide groove is formed between the support plate and the second fixing seat, a slider is provided in the slide groove, and the slider is slidably connected to the adjustment plate so that the slider moves in the horizontal direction to adjust the height of the second fixing seat.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment plate is provided with a first adjustment hole and a second adjustment hole, the first adjustment hole and the second adjustment hole respectively correspond to the second fixing seat and the connection position of the slider and the adjustment plate, the first adjustment hole extends in the vertical direction, and the second adjustment hole extends in the horizontal direction. When the slider slides in the slide groove, the second fixing seat performs a lifting movement.

[0010] Preferably, the slider includes two inclined surfaces, and the second fixing seat and the support plate are respectively provided with abutment surfaces corresponding to the two inclined surfaces. When the second fixing seat moves, the two abutment surfaces are tightly fitted with the corresponding two inclined surfaces.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0012] (1) The magnetic spring is connected in parallel with the airbag. The airbag is a positive stiffness structure, and the magnetic spring is a negative stiffness structure. The two are connected in parallel, which reduces the natural frequency of the workbench set on the airbag and magnetic spring in the vertical vector, thereby improving the accuracy of the precision instrument.

[0013] (2) Due to changes in the airbag structure, the initial stiffness of the magnetic spring may not match that of the airbag. By sliding the slider in the slide groove, the height of the second fixed seat is adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the stiffness of the magnetic spring as a whole in the equilibrium state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2This is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing portion of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the floating portion of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a side view of a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring described in the utility model.

[0020] Among them: 1. Fixed part; 11. First fixed seat; 12. Second fixed seat; 13. Third fixed seat; 2. Floating part; 21. First floating seat; 22. Second floating seat; 3. First accommodating chamber; 4. Second accommodating chamber; 5. Connecting plate; 6. Magnet; 61. Fixed magnet; 62. Floating magnet; 7. Adjusting device; 71. Adjusting plate; 711. First adjusting hole; 712. Second adjusting hole; 72. Supporting plate; 73. Slide groove; 74. Slider; 741. Inclined surface; 742. Abutting surface; 8. Adapter plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring includes a fixed portion 1 and a floating portion 2. The floating portion 2 includes a first floating seat 21 and a second floating seat 22. The first floating seat 21 and the second floating seat 22 are connected by a connecting plate 5, so that the first floating plate and the second floating plate form a whole. The fixed portion 1 includes a first fixed seat 11, a second fixed seat 12 and a third fixed seat 13. The first fixed seat 11 and the second fixed seat 12 are connected by the connecting plate 5. The second fixed seat 12 and the third fixed seat 13 are connected by an adjusting device 7, so that the fixed portion 1 forms a first accommodating cavity 3 and a second accommodating cavity 4. , and the first floating part 2 and the second floating part 2 are respectively arranged in the first accommodating cavity 3 and the second accommodating cavity 4. When the magnetic spring and the airbag are connected in parallel, the magnetic steel 6 arranged on both sides of the first floating seat 21 and the second floating seat 22 in the vertical direction keep the floating part 2 in a balanced state under the action of magnetic attraction. Among them, the airbag has a positive stiffness structure, and the positive stiffness structure of the airbag makes its natural frequency transmitted to the ground larger, while the magnetic spring has a negative stiffness structure, which is opposite to the stiffness of the airbag. Therefore, it can cooperate with the airbag to reduce the natural frequency, thereby reducing the impact of vibration on the instrument, and improving the accuracy of the precision instrument.

[0023] In this embodiment, the magnetic steel 6 includes a fixed magnetic steel 61 and a floating magnetic steel 62. The plurality of fixed magnetic steels 61 are respectively arranged on the first fixed seat 11, the second fixed seat 12 and the third fixed seat 13, while the floating magnetic steels 62 are respectively arranged on the first floating seat 21 and the second floating seat 22. A floating magnetic steel 62 and a fixed magnetic steel 61 are provided in the first accommodating cavity 3. The floating magnetic steel 62 and the fixed magnetic steel 61 are spaced apart with a gap in between. The spacing makes the interaction of magnetic forces adjustable. By changing the size of the spacing, the distribution and strength of the magnetic lines of force can be adjusted to meet specific application requirements. At the same time, direct contact between the magnetic steels 6 is reduced, thereby reducing friction and wear. The magnetic steel 6 may undergo thermal expansion due to temperature changes during operation. Expansion, the spacing setting allows the magnet 6 to have a certain space to move during thermal expansion, thereby avoiding stress concentration and damage caused by thermal expansion; two fixed magnets 61 and one floating magnet 62 are provided in the second accommodating chamber 4, and there is a gap between the fixed magnet 61 located at the second fixed seat 12 and the floating magnet 62, and there is a second fixed magnet 61 seat between the fixed magnet 61 and the floating magnet 62 located at the third fixed seat 13, and the second fixed magnet 61 seat is separated from the first accommodating chamber 3 and the second accommodating chamber 4. The floating magnet 62 and the fixed magnet 61 of the first accommodating chamber 3 and the floating magnet 62 and the fixed magnet 61 of the second accommodating chamber 4 do not affect each other, ensuring the balance of the floating part 2, improving the stability of the entire system, and thus ensuring the safety of the system.

[0024] Specifically, an adapter plate 8 is provided at one end of the fixed part 1 away from the third fixed seat 13, which cooperates with the airbag to jointly support the workbench. The adapter plate 8 is connected to the first floating seat 21 through a connecting plate 5. The two connecting plates 5 are symmetrical with respect to the corresponding magnetic steels 6. The connecting plates 5 of the fixed part 1 and the connecting plates 5 of the floating part 2 are staggered. Through the staggered arrangement, the connecting plates 5 of the fixed part 1 and the floating part 2 can form a more stable connection structure, which can better withstand external impact and vibration, thereby reducing the natural frequency in the vertical vector and achieving the effect of vibration reduction.

[0025] like Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, the adjustment device 7 includes an adjustment plate 71 and a support plate 72, the support plate 72 is arranged between the second fixing seat 12 and the third fixing seat 13, and a slide groove 73 is formed between the support plate 72 and the second fixing seat 12 to provide a sliding space for the slider 74. The adjustment plate 71 is connected to the second fixing seat 12, the support plate 72 and the slider 74 respectively, wherein the adjustment plate 71 includes a first adjustment hole 711 and a second adjustment hole 712, the first adjustment hole 711 corresponds to the second fixing seat 12, the second adjustment hole 712 corresponds to the slider 74, and the first adjustment hole 711 is in the vertical direction. The first adjusting hole 711 limits the moving distance of the slider 74 through the screw, and the second adjusting hole 712 limits the lifting distance of the second fixing seat 12 through the screw. The magnetic spring can be adjusted according to the slight changes in the airbag, so that the magnetic spring can adapt to a variety of different working conditions. The smooth sliding of the slider 74 in the slide groove 73 and the smooth lifting and lowering of the second fixing seat 12 help to reduce the vibration and noise of the magnetic spring during operation and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0026] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, in order to improve the stability of the magnetic spring, the slider 74 includes two inclined surfaces 741, and the second fixed seat 12 and the support plate 72 are respectively provided with abutting surfaces 742 corresponding to the two inclined surfaces 741. When the slider 74 moves, the inclined surfaces 741 and the abutting surfaces 742 that fit each other interact with each other, and the two abutting surfaces 742 fit closely with the corresponding two inclined surfaces 741 to minimize the gap between the two, thereby enhancing the stability and precision of the overall structure. The inclined surfaces 741 and the abutting surfaces 742 are guiding mechanisms, which help to maintain the relative position between the second fixed seat 12 and the support plate 72 during the movement, ensuring that they can move according to the predetermined trajectory. At the same time, the close fit between the inclined surfaces 741 and the abutting surfaces 742 can reduce the relative movement between them, thereby reducing friction and wear, and reducing the noise and vibration caused by friction.

[0027] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0028] When reducing vibration of a precision instrument, the magnetic spring and the airbag are connected in parallel. The airbag and the adapter plate 8 are located below the workbench where the precision instrument is located for vibration reduction. The first floating seat 21 is located between the floating magnetic steel 62 and the fixed magnetic steel 61. The second floating seat 22 is provided with a floating magnetic steel 62, and two fixed magnetic steels 61 are provided on both sides of the floating magnetic steel 62. By magnetic attraction, the floating part 2 is kept in a balanced state. When the airbag transmits positive stiffness, the magnetic spring moves in the vertical vector, generating negative stiffness, thereby reducing the natural frequency of the workbench. At the same time, when the magnetic spring and the airbag are connected in parallel, by removing the screw on the adjustment plate 71, the slider 74 slides in the slide groove 73, and the inclined surface 741 and the abutment surface 742 abut each other, the second fixed seat 12 is lifted, and the balance position and stiffness of the magnetic spring are adjusted. The screw cooperates with the first adjustment hole 711 and the second adjustment hole 712 to complete the horizontal movement of the slider 74 and the vertical movement of the second fixed seat 12. Finally, the screw is tightened to fix the adjustment plate 71.

[0029] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring, characterized in that: include: A fixed portion (1) and a floating portion (2), wherein the fixed portion (1) is provided with a first accommodating cavity (3) and a second accommodating cavity (4), and the floating portion (2) includes a first floating seat (21) and a second floating seat (22), wherein the first floating seat (21) and the second floating seat (22) are connected via a connecting plate (5) so that the first floating seat (21) and the second floating seat (22) form a whole, and the first floating seat (21) and the second floating seat (22) are respectively provided with magnets (6) with opposite magnetic poles on both sides in the vertical direction, and the first floating seat (21) and the second floating seat (22) are respectively balanced and arranged in the first accommodating cavity (3) and the second accommodating cavity (4) by means of magnetic force, so that the magnetic spring connected in parallel with the airbag generates a force with negative stiffness in the vertical vector.

2. The positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing portion (1) includes a first fixing seat (11), a second fixing seat (12) and a third fixing seat (13), the first fixing seat (11) and the second fixing seat (12) are connected by a connecting plate (5), the second fixing seat (12) and the third fixing seat (13) are connected by an adjusting device (7), and the height of the second fixing seat (12) is adjusted, the magnetic steel (6) includes a fixed magnetic steel (61) and a floating magnetic steel (62), a plurality of the fixed magnetic steels (61) are respectively arranged on the first fixing seat (11), the second fixing seat (12) and the third fixing seat (13), the fixed magnetic steel (61) and the floating magnetic steel (62) are arranged at intervals in the first accommodating cavity (3), and the two fixed magnetic steels (61) and the floating magnetic steel (62) are arranged at intervals in the second accommodating cavity (4), and the two fixed magnetic steels (61) are distributed on both sides of the floating magnetic steel (62) in the vertical direction.

3. The positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plates (5) are located on both sides of the corresponding magnetic steel (6) and are symmetrical with respect to the magnetic steel (6). An adapter plate (8) is provided at one end of the fixed portion (1) away from the third fixed seat (13) for cooperating with the parallel airbag to bear weight. The adapter plate (8) is connected to the first floating seat (21) via the connecting plate (5), so that the connecting plates (5) of the fixed portion (1) and the connecting plates (5) of the floating portion (2) are staggered.

4. The positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting device (7) includes an adjusting plate (71) and a supporting plate (72), wherein the supporting plate (72) is arranged between the second fixing seat (12) and the third fixing seat (13), and the adjusting plate (71) is fixed to the second fixing seat (12) and the supporting plate (72) by screws. A sliding groove (73) is formed between the supporting plate (72) and the second fixing seat (12), and a slider (74) is provided in the sliding groove (73). The slider (74) is slidably connected to the adjusting plate (71), so that the slider (74) moves in a horizontal direction, thereby being able to adjust the height of the second fixing seat (12).

5. The positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment plate (71) is provided with a first adjustment hole (711) and a second adjustment hole (712). The first adjustment hole (711) and the second adjustment hole (712) correspond to the connection position between the second fixing seat (12) and the slider (74) and the adjustment plate (71), respectively. The first adjustment hole (711) extends in the vertical direction, and the second adjustment hole (712) extends in the horizontal direction. When the slider (74) slides in the slide groove (73), the second fixing seat (12) performs a lifting movement.

6. The positive and negative stiffness magnetic spring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slider (74) includes two inclined surfaces (741), and the second fixing seat (12) and the support plate (72) are respectively provided with abutment surfaces (742) corresponding to the two inclined surfaces (741). When the second fixing seat (12) moves, the two abutment surfaces (742) are tightly fitted with the corresponding two inclined surfaces (741).

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