Battery pack, energy storage cabinet and energy storage system

Abstract

A battery pack, an energy storage cabinet and an energy storage system, the battery pack comprises a shell and a plurality of battery cells, a battery cell cavity is formed in the shell, the battery cell cavity is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid return port, the liquid inlet is used for allowing a cooling liquid to flow in, the liquid return port is used for allowing the cooling liquid to flow out, the plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery cell cavity, adjacent battery cells are partially attached, and a gap is formed between adjacent battery cells. The gap is used for circulation of cooling liquid. According to the technical scheme, the cold liquid immersion scheme of the battery pack of the battery cell is provided, and the cooling liquid utilization efficiency of the battery pack is improved by utilizing the structural characteristics of the battery cell. Specifically, in the battery pack, when the battery cells are in mutual contact arrangement in the shell of the battery pack, a gap can be formed between the battery cells, and the gap can be used as a natural flow channel for the cooling liquid to flow. The contact area between the cooling liquid and the battery cell can be increased through the gaps, the heat dissipation effect of the cooling liquid on the battery cell is improved, and the flowing dead angle of the cooling liquid is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and in particular to a battery pack, an energy storage cabinet, and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, power batteries have become an indispensable core component. Their performance and safety play a decisive role in the overall performance and market competitiveness of the vehicle. Among the many performance indicators of a battery pack, heat dissipation is particularly critical, as it directly affects the battery's service life, safety, and overall vehicle performance.

[0003] Currently, the industry typically immerses the battery cells in a coolant, allowing convection to remove heat from the cells and dissipate heat from the battery pack. However, in related technologies, the battery cells in the battery pack have low coolant utilization efficiency, and the coolant has a poor cooling effect on the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery pack, an energy storage cabinet and an energy storage system, aiming to solve the problem of low efficiency of coolant utilization by battery cells in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present application, in a first aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, the battery pack comprising:

[0006] A housing is formed with a cell cavity, wherein the cell cavity has a liquid inlet and a liquid return port, wherein the liquid inlet is used for cooling liquid to flow in, and the liquid return port is used for cooling liquid to flow out;

[0007] A plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery cell cavity, and adjacent battery cells are partially attached to form gaps between adjacent battery cells. The gaps are used for cooling liquid to flow.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the shape of the battery cell includes cylindrical or prismatic.

[0009] In a possible implementation, a central axis of the housing passes through the liquid inlet.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the plurality of battery cells are arranged to form a plurality of battery cell layers, and the battery cell layers are stacked along the axial direction of the shell.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the battery pack further includes a tube structure, which is disposed in the battery cell cavity and passes through each of the battery cell layers in sequence;

[0012] The tube body structure has a tube cavity, which is connected to the liquid inlet. Along the axial direction of the tube cavity, the cavity wall of the tube cavity is provided with multiple through holes, and the tube cavity is connected to the battery cell cavity through the through holes; among each of the through holes, there is at least one through hole corresponding to one battery cell layer.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the housing includes a bottom plate and a cover, wherein the bottom plate and the cover are connected to form the battery cell cavity; the battery cell is provided on the bottom plate;

[0014] The battery core of each battery core layer closest to the inner wall surface of the cover body is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the cover body.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the liquid return port is provided on the cover body, the distance between the liquid return port and the bottom plate is A, the maximum distance between the battery cell and the bottom plate is B, and A>B.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the shape of the shell includes a cylinder.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the housing includes a plurality of liquid return ports; the battery pack further includes a plurality of first liquid conduits and a second liquid conduit;

[0018] One end of each of the first liquid guiding tubes is connected to each of the liquid return ports, and the other end is connected to the second liquid guiding tube.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an energy storage cabinet, the energy storage cabinet including a battery pack, the battery pack including:

[0020] A housing is formed with a cell cavity, wherein the cell cavity has a liquid inlet and a liquid return port, wherein the liquid inlet is used for cooling liquid to flow in, and the liquid return port is used for cooling liquid to flow out;

[0021] A plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery cell cavity, and adjacent battery cells are partially attached to form gaps between adjacent battery cells. The gaps are used for cooling liquid to flow.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application further proposes an energy storage system, comprising an energy storage cabinet, the energy storage cabinet comprising a battery pack, and the battery pack comprising:

[0023] A housing is formed with a cell cavity, wherein the cell cavity has a liquid inlet and a liquid return port, wherein the liquid inlet is used for cooling liquid to flow in, and the liquid return port is used for cooling liquid to flow out;

[0024] A plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery cell cavity, and adjacent battery cells are partially attached to form gaps between adjacent battery cells. The gaps are used for cooling liquid to flow.

[0025] In the technical solution of the present application, when the battery cells are arranged in contact with each other in the shell of the battery pack, the surfaces of adjacent battery cells are partially fitted together, and a gap is formed in the other part. The gap can serve as a natural flow channel for the coolant to flow, thereby increasing the contact area between the coolant and the battery cells, improving the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the battery cells, reducing the dead angle of the coolant flow, and improving the stability of the battery pack operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the energy storage system provided by this application;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of the energy storage system provided by this application;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the middle energy storage cabinet;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 sectional view of

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment of the middle energy storage cabinet;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third embodiment of the middle energy storage cabinet;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coolant flow between the heat dissipation component and the battery pack;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery pack;

[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the battery pack;

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A top cross-sectional view of the middle battery pack;

[0037] Figure 11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a fourth embodiment of the middle energy storage cabinet;

[0038] Figure 12 for Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the arrangement of the middle battery cells in the battery cell cavity;

[0039] Figure 13 for Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the arrangement of middle cells in the cell cavity.

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 10000-Energy Storage System;

[0042] 1000-Energy storage cabinet;

[0043] 100-battery pack;

[0044] 1-shell, 11-cell cavity, 12-liquid inlet, 13-liquid return port, 14-bottom plate, 15-cover;

[0045] 2-battery cells;

[0046] 3-tube structure, 31-lumen, 32-through hole;

[0047] 4-First catheter;

[0048] 5-Second catheter;

[0049] 200-cabinet, 210-battery compartment;

[0050] 300-Electrical components;

[0051] 400-heat dissipation assembly, 410-cooling line, 411-liquid inlet line, 412-liquid return line, 420-radiator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0055] The following describes some embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application proposes an energy storage system 10000, which can be used for home energy storage, industrial energy storage, and data center applications, without limitation. The energy storage system 10000 is used to store and provide power to electrical devices in the aforementioned scenarios.

[0057] The energy storage system 10000 includes a plurality of energy storage cabinets 1000 , which serve as energy storage units of the energy storage system 10000 . The energy storage cabinets 1000 are connected in series or in parallel to store or release electricity together.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5 The energy storage cabinet 1000 includes a cabinet body 200, a battery pack 100, and an electrical component 300. The cabinet body 200 serves as the supporting body of the energy storage cabinet 1000 and is used to support and connect the various component assemblies of the energy storage cabinet 1000. The shape of the cabinet body 200 can be as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rectangle shown can also be Figure 5 The cylindrical shape shown can also be other regular or irregular shapes, and this application does not limit this.

[0059] The cabinet 200 is formed with a battery compartment 210, within which the battery pack 100 and electrical components 300 are housed. The battery pack 100 serves as the battery cabinet's energy storage unit, storing and releasing electrical energy. The electrical components 300 are connected between the battery pack 100 and an external electrical device to facilitate connection.

[0060] It is understandable that in other embodiments of the present application, the energy storage cabinet 1000 may not be provided with the cabinet body 200. For details, please refer to Figure 6 ,exist Figure 6In the embodiment, the energy storage cabinet 1000 no longer has a cabinet body 200, but is formed by stacking the shells 1 of the battery packs 100 on each other to form the energy storage cabinet 1000. In this way, the floor space of the energy storage cabinet 1000 is reduced and the energy storage density of the energy storage system 10000 is improved.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 7 The energy storage cabinet 1000 also includes a heat dissipation assembly 400. The heat dissipation assembly 400 is arranged in the cabinet body 200. The heat dissipation assembly 400 can be arranged on the cabinet door of the cabinet body 200 or in the battery compartment 210 of the cabinet body 200. This application does not impose any restrictions on this. The heat dissipation assembly 400 includes a hydraulic pump (not shown in the figure), a cooling pipe 410 and a radiator 420. The cooling pipe 410 is connected between the radiator 420 and the battery pack 100. A coolant flows in the cooling pipe 410. The coolant can be water, ethanol, or ethylene glycol. This application does not impose any restrictions on this. The cooling pipe 410 includes a liquid inlet pipe 411 and a liquid return pipe 412. The coolant can flow into the battery pack 100 through the liquid inlet pipe 411 and take away the heat of the battery pack 100. The coolant can also flow out of the battery pack 100 from the liquid return pipe 412 and reach the radiator 420, thereby achieving cooling. The radiator 420 can be an air-cooled radiator 420 or a water-cooled radiator 420, which is not limited in this application. The radiator 420 is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant, thereby realizing a heat dissipation cycle of the heat dissipation assembly 400 for the battery pack 100. A hydraulic pump is connected to the cooling line 410 to provide power for the flow of coolant in the cooling line 410.

[0062] To cool the battery pack 100, it has a liquid inlet 12 and a liquid return port 13. The liquid inlet 12 of the battery pack 100 is connected to the liquid inlet line 411 of the heat dissipation assembly 400, while the liquid return port 13 of the battery pack 100 is connected to the liquid return line 412 of the heat dissipation assembly 400. Coolant can flow into the battery pack 100 through the liquid inlet 12 and out of the battery pack 100 through the liquid return port 13. As the coolant flows through the battery pack 100, it comes into contact with the battery cells within the battery pack 100 and removes heat from the cells.

[0063] However, in the related art, the battery cells of the battery pack 100 are mostly square battery cells. Due to their structural characteristics, when the square battery cells are arranged in the battery pack 100, they usually need to be arranged face to face. It is difficult to form an effective coolant flow channel between the square battery cells, the contact area between the square battery cells and the coolant is small, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation component 400 for the battery pack 100 is low.

[0064] Please refer to Figures 8 to 10In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a battery pack 100, which includes a shell 1 and multiple battery cells 2. The shell 1 is formed with a battery cell cavity 11, and the battery cell cavity 11 has a liquid inlet 12 and a liquid return port 13. The liquid inlet 12 is used for the coolant to flow in, and the liquid return port 13 is used for the coolant to flow out. The multiple battery cells 2 are accommodated in the battery cell cavity 11, and there are gaps between the battery cells 2, and the gaps are used for the coolant to circulate.

[0065] In the technical solution of the present application, when the battery cells 2 are arranged in contact with each other in the shell 1 of the battery pack 100, the surfaces of adjacent battery cells 2 are partially fitted together, and gaps are formed in other parts. The gaps can serve as natural flow channels for the coolant to flow, thereby increasing the contact area between the coolant and the battery cells 2, improving the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the battery cells 2, reducing the dead angle of the coolant flow, and improving the stability of the battery pack 100 operation.

[0066] Hereinafter, the battery pack 100 provided in this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] The battery pack 100 includes a housing 1 and a plurality of battery cells 2 . The housing 1 serves as a supporting body of the battery pack 100 and is used to support and connect the battery pack 100 .

[0068] The shape of the housing 1 can be rectangular, square, or other regular or irregular shapes, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. In one embodiment of the present application, the shape of the housing 1 is cylindrical. In this configuration, firstly, the outline of the cylindrical housing 1 is symmetrical around its axis. This means that when the housing 1 is filled with coolant, no matter in which direction the coolant applies pressure, all parts of the housing 1 will have a uniform force. In this way, the possibility of deformation of the housing 1 due to force is reduced, and the service life of the housing 1 is extended.

[0069] Secondly, the cylindrical profile is smooth. The cylindrical shape of the housing 1 also prevents the coolant from encountering corners and edges when flowing within the cell cavity 11. This reduces dead zones within the cell cavity 11 and reduces the possibility of localized temperature increases within the cell cavity 11 due to poor coolant flow. Furthermore, the central symmetry of the cylindrical shape also improves the uniformity of the coolant flow within the cell cavity 11, thereby improving the uniformity of the coolant's heat dissipation from the battery pack 100 and the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the battery pack 100.

[0070] Thirdly, the cylindrical shape of the shell 1 allows for a wider gap between the shell 1 and the cabinet 200. This gap can be used to place the support structure of the battery pack 100, or to place the electrical components 300, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery pack 100 relative to the cabinet 200.

[0071] It is understandable that in some other cases, the housing 1 of the battery pack 100 can also be used as the cabinet 200 of the energy storage cabinet 1000. For details, please refer to Figure 11 ,exist Figure 11 In the energy storage cabinet 1000, the cabinet body 200 is eliminated. Instead, the housing 1 of the battery pack 100 serves as the cabinet body 200. The battery cells, heat sink assembly 400, and electrical components 300 are all housed within the housing 1. The liquid inlet pipe 411 and liquid return pipe 412 of the heat sink assembly 400 are connected to the housing 1. This reduces the space occupied by the battery pack 100 housing 1 within the energy storage cabinet 1000, thereby increasing the energy storage density of the energy storage cabinet 1000.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 9 The housing 1 includes a bottom plate 14 and a cover 15. The bottom plate 14 and the cover 15 enclose a battery cell cavity 11. The battery cell cavity 11 is provided with a liquid inlet 12 and a liquid return port 13. The liquid inlet 12 is used to connect to the liquid inlet pipeline 411 of the heat dissipation component 400, and the liquid return port 13 is used to connect to the liquid return pipeline 412 of the heat dissipation component 400. The coolant can enter the battery cell cavity 11 through the liquid inlet pipeline 411 and the liquid inlet 12, and can also leave the battery cell cavity 11 through the liquid return port 13 and the liquid return pipeline 412. The liquid inlet 12 can be provided on the bottom plate 14 or on the cover 15, and the liquid return port 13 can be provided on the bottom plate 14 or on the cover 15. The present application does not impose any restrictions on this. In one embodiment of the present application, the liquid inlet 12 is provided on the bottom plate 14 and the liquid return port 13 is provided on the cover 15, so as to ensure that the liquid can move slowly from bottom to top, increase the flow time of the coolant in the battery cell cavity, and improve the cooling effect of the coolant on the battery pack 100.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present application, the central axis of the housing 1 passes through the liquid inlet 12. It should be noted that the central axis of the housing 1 refers to the centerline of the outline of the housing 1. When the housing 1 is cylindrical, the central axis of the housing 1 is the axis of the cylinder. When the housing 1 is rectangular, the central axis of the housing 1 is a line segment perpendicular to the top or bottom surface of the rectangle and passing through the intersection of the lines connecting the four corners of the rectangle (i.e., the center point of the rectangle). When the housing 1 is a pyramid, the central axis is a line segment perpendicular to the bottom surface of the pyramid and passing through the apex of the pyramid.

[0074] The liquid inlet 12 of the battery cell cavity 11 is located at the central axis of the shell 1. When the coolant enters the battery cell cavity 11 from the liquid inlet 12, the coolant can spread from the middle of the shell 1 to the outer edge of the shell 1. In this way, the flow path of the coolant in the battery cell cavity 11 is reduced, the cooling temperature difference of the coolant in the battery pack 100 is reduced, and the uniformity of the coolant's heat dissipation for the battery pack 100 is improved.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 9 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13The battery cells 2 are arranged on the bottom plate 14 and fixed in the battery cell cavity 11 through the bottom plate 14. The battery cells 2 can be as follows Figure 12 As shown, they are arranged side by side in the cell cavity 11; they can also be arranged as shown Figure 13 As shown, the cells 2 are arranged in a staggered manner in the cell cavity 11, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. The cells 2 are arranged in the battery pack 100. On the one hand, the outer contour of the cells 2 determines that when the cells 2 are arranged in contact with each other, gaps will be formed between the cells 2 and the cells 2. The gaps can serve as natural flow channels for the coolant to flow. On the other hand, the gaps formed between the cells 2 and the cells 2 can also increase the contact area between the coolant and the cells 2, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the cells 2 and improving the stability of the battery pack 100.

[0076] The shape of the battery cell 2 can be cylindrical, prismatic, or any other shape that allows gaps to be formed between adjacent battery cells 2 after the battery cells 2 are arranged in contact. For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 2 is cylindrical in shape. After the battery cells 2 are arranged in contact with each other, gaps can be formed between adjacent battery cells 2. The gaps can serve as natural flow channels for the coolant to flow, thereby increasing the contact area between the coolant and the battery cell 2, improving the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the battery cell 2, reducing dead angles for the flow of the coolant, and improving the operational stability of the battery pack 100.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present application, multiple battery cells 2 are arranged to form multiple battery cell layers, and each battery cell layer is stacked along the axis of the housing 1. In this way, the number of battery cells 2 that can be accommodated per unit area of the battery pack 100 is increased, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack 100.

[0078] It is understood that when there are multiple battery cell layers in the battery cell cavity 11, the coolant can flow through each battery cell layer from top to bottom, or from bottom to top, to achieve cooling and soaking of each battery cell layer. The coolant can also flow through each battery cell layer separately to achieve separate cooling of each battery cell layer.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present application, the battery pack 100 further includes a tubular structure 3, which is disposed in the cell cavity 11. The tubular structure 3 may be constructed as an integral piece with the cavity wall of the cell cavity 11, or it may be a pipe connected to the cavity wall of the cell cavity 11 by welding, bonding or other means. The pipeline structure passes through each cell layer in sequence, and the tubular structure 3 has a tubular cavity 31, which is connected to the liquid inlet 12. Along the axial direction of the tubular cavity 31, the cavity wall of the tubular cavity 31 is provided with a plurality of through holes 32, and the tubular cavity 31 is connected to the cell cavity 11 through the through holes 32. Among each through hole 32, there is at least one through hole 32 corresponding to one cell layer. When the coolant enters the tubular structure 3 from the liquid inlet 12, the coolant will be guided by the tubular cavity 31 of the tubular structure 3, through the through holes 32 arranged along the axial direction of the tubular cavity 31, and reach each cell layer respectively, and move along each cell layer. In this way, heat can be dissipated separately for each battery cell layer in the battery cell cavity 11, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the coolant in each part of the battery cell cavity 11, improving the uniformity of the coolant's heat dissipation for the battery cells, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the coolant on the battery pack 100.

[0080] In order to achieve the reflux and collection of the coolant in each battery core layer, in the first possible embodiment of the present application, the battery core 2 closest to the inner wall surface of the cover body 15 of each battery core layer is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the cover body 15, so as to form a reflux channel for the flow of coolant at the outermost edge of the battery core layer. When the coolant flows from the center of the battery core layer to the outer edge of the battery core layer under the guidance of the pipeline structure, the coolant will pass through the reflux channel to the return liquid port 13 and leave the battery cell cavity 11. The formation of the reflux channel can realize the collection of the coolant. Imagine that if the reflux channel is not formed at the outer edge of the battery core layer, in order to realize the recovery of the coolant, it is necessary to set the return liquid port 13 at each battery core layer, or wait for the slow diffusion of the coolant, thereby reducing the circulation speed and cooling efficiency of the coolant. Therefore, the battery cell 2 closest to the inner wall of the cover 15 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the cover 15, which can effectively reduce the number of reflux ports, reduce the processing cost of the battery pack 100, increase the reflux speed of the coolant, and improve the cooling efficiency of the coolant for the battery cell 2.

[0081] It can be understood that for fluids, high-temperature liquids have a lower density than low-temperature liquids and are positioned higher relative to the flow channel. Based on this characteristic, in one embodiment of the present application, the liquid return port 13 is provided on the cover 15, the distance between the liquid return port 13 and the bottom plate 14 is A, the maximum distance between the battery cell 2 and the bottom plate 14 is B, A>B, and the liquid return port 13 is located above the battery cell 2. In this way, the high-temperature coolant in the battery cell cavity 11 can flow out of the battery cell cavity 11 before the low-temperature coolant, thereby increasing the residence time of the low-temperature coolant in the cooling cavity, increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the battery cell 2, and improving the cooling effect of the coolant on the battery pack 100.

[0082] Please refer to Figures 8 to 10 To improve the efficiency of coolant return through the liquid return port 13 , in one embodiment of the present application, the housing 1 includes multiple liquid return ports 13 , each uniformly distributed around the circumference of the housing 1 . Correspondingly, the battery pack 100 also includes multiple first liquid conduits 4 and second liquid conduits 5 . One end of each first liquid conduit 4 is connected to a liquid return port 13 , and the other end is connected to a second liquid conduit 5 . The second liquid conduit 5 is connected to the return line of the heat dissipation assembly 400 . Coolant within the cell cavity 11 can flow into each first liquid conduit 4 through the liquid return port 13 , and then, guided by the first liquid conduit 4 , into the second liquid conduit 5 , and ultimately, through the convergence of the second liquid conduits 5 , into the return line 412 .

[0083] The provision of multiple liquid return ports 13 allows the coolant to quickly remove heat generated within the cell cavity 11, effectively improving the coolant's return efficiency. The circumferentially uniform distribution of the liquid return ports 13 ensures that the coolant evenly returns from all corners of the cell cavity 11, preventing localized overheating or coolant accumulation. The rational design of the first and second liquid conduits 4, 5 reduces the resistance and pressure drop during the coolant flow, ensuring smooth coolant flow and further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack 100.

[0084] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship described in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0085] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A housing is formed with a cell cavity, wherein the cell cavity has a liquid inlet and a liquid return port, wherein the liquid inlet is used for cooling liquid to flow in, and the liquid return port is used for cooling liquid to flow out; A plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery cell cavity, and adjacent battery cells are partially attached to form gaps between adjacent battery cells. The gaps are used for cooling liquid to flow.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The shape of the battery cell includes cylindrical or prismatic.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The central axis of the shell passes through the liquid inlet.

4. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The plurality of battery cells are arranged to form a plurality of battery cell layers, and the battery cell layers are stacked along the axial direction of the shell.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein: The battery pack further includes a tube structure, which is disposed in the cell cavity and passes through each of the cell layers in sequence; The tube body structure has a tube cavity, which is connected to the liquid inlet. Along the axial direction of the tube cavity, the cavity wall of the tube cavity is provided with multiple through holes, and the tube cavity is connected to the battery cell cavity through the through holes; among each of the through holes, there is at least one through hole corresponding to one battery cell layer.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein: The shell includes a bottom plate and a cover body, wherein the bottom plate and the cover body are connected to form the battery cell cavity; The battery cell is arranged on the bottom plate; The battery core of each battery core layer closest to the inner wall surface of the cover body is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the cover body.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: The liquid return port is provided on the cover body, the distance between the liquid return port and the bottom plate is A, the maximum distance between the battery cell and the bottom plate is B, and A>B.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The shape of the housing includes a cylindrical shape.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The housing includes a plurality of liquid return ports; the battery pack also includes a plurality of first liquid conduits and a second liquid conduit; One end of each of the first liquid guiding tubes is connected to each of the liquid return ports, and the other end is connected to the second liquid guiding tube.

10. An energy storage cabinet, characterized in that: Comprising a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An energy storage system, characterized in that: Comprising the energy storage cabinet as claimed in claim 10.

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