Heat absorption device, battery pack, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat absorption device, a battery pack, a battery pack and a vehicle. The heat absorption device comprises a negative Poisson's ratio layer and a heat absorption layer; the heat absorption layer is arranged on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer. Therefore, when the heat absorption device is arranged between two battery cells, if a certain battery cell on one side of the heat absorption device is subjected to thermal runaway, the heat absorption layer can absorb heat generated by the battery cells, and heat transfer between the battery cells on the two sides of the heat absorption device is reduced; when the negative Poisson's ratio layer is extruded due to the volume expansion of the battery cells subjected to thermal runaway, the negative Poisson's ratio layer expands towards the battery cells extruding the negative Poisson's ratio layer, so that the distance between the battery cells on the two sides of the heat absorption device is increased, and the heat transfer between the battery cells on the two sides of the heat absorption device is further reduced; therefore, the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer can work together, the probability of thermal runaway in the battery pack is reduced, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a heat absorption device, a battery pack, a battery package and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Existing batteries include multiple cells. Adjacent cells are relatively close together. Consequently, when a cell experiences thermal runaway, the heat generated by the cell can spread to adjacent cells, causing them to also experience thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0003] The Summary of the Utility Model introduces a series of simplified concepts that will be further described in the Specific Examples. The Summary of the Utility Model does not intend to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it intend to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0004] In order to at least partially solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a heat absorbing device, which includes:

[0005] negative Poisson's ratio layer;

[0006] A heat absorption layer is provided on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer.

[0007] According to the heat sink of the present invention, the heat sink comprises a heat absorption layer and a negative Poisson's ratio layer. When the heat sink is positioned between two battery cells, if a battery cell on one side of the heat sink experiences thermal runaway, the heat absorption layer can absorb the heat generated by the battery cell, reducing heat transfer between the battery cells on both sides of the heat sink. If the volume of the battery cell experiencing thermal runaway expands, causing the negative Poisson's ratio layer to be squeezed, the negative Poisson's ratio layer tends to expand toward the battery cell that is squeezing it, further reducing heat transfer between the battery cells on both sides of the heat sink. Furthermore, because the heat absorption layer is positioned on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer, the heat absorbing material in the heat absorption layer is less likely to interfere with the expansion of the negative Poisson's ratio layer. Therefore, the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer work together to reduce the probability of thermal runaway in the battery pack and improve the safety of the battery pack.

[0008] Optionally, the negative Poisson's ratio layer and the heat absorption layer are stacked along the thickness direction of the heat absorption device; the negative Poisson's ratio layer is configured to deform in a direction opposite to the pressure when subjected to pressure in the thickness direction.

[0009] Optionally, in the arrangement direction of the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer, the size of the heat absorption layer ranges from 2 mm to 50 mm.

[0010] Optionally, in the arrangement direction of the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer, the size of the negative Poisson's ratio layer ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm.

[0011] Optionally, the heat absorption layer includes a phase change heat absorption material, and the phase change heat absorption material includes an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material.

[0012] Optionally, the phase-change endothermic material includes paraffin, stearic acid, alcohols, lipids, lipid derivatives, crystalline hydrated salts, nitrates, carbonates or metals.

[0013] Optionally, the negative Poisson's ratio layer includes a negative Poisson's ratio foam material or a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure material.

[0014] Optionally, the negative Poisson's ratio layer comprises metal or polymer material.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack, comprising the heat absorption device provided in the first aspect of the present invention and a battery cell, wherein the heat absorption device is located on the surface of the battery cell.

[0016] Since the battery pack includes the heat absorbing device, it has the effect of the heat absorbing device.

[0017] Optionally, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells, and the heat absorption device is arranged between at least two adjacent battery cells of the plurality of battery cells; the arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells is the same as the thickness direction of the heat absorption device.

[0018] Optionally, the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer are sequentially arranged along the arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells.

[0019] Optionally, along a first direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells, a ratio of a maximum size of the heat absorption device to a maximum size of the battery cell is in a range of 0.9 to 1.

[0020] Optionally, the battery core is a square battery core, and the heat absorption device has a square structure; the first direction is the width direction of the heat absorption device; the length of the heat absorption device is greater than the width, and the width of the heat absorption device is greater than the thickness.

[0021] Optionally, along a second direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells, a ratio of the maximum size of the heat absorption device to the maximum size of the battery cell ranges from 0.9 to 1, and the second direction is the length direction of the heat absorption device.

[0022] Optionally, the heat absorption layer is provided on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer.

[0023] Optionally, the negative Poisson's ratio layer is used to increase the distance between the battery cells on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer when thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell.

[0024] A third aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack, which includes the battery pack provided by the second aspect of the present invention.

[0025] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising the battery pack provided by the second aspect of the present invention or the battery pack provided by the third aspect of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to make the advantages of the present invention more easily understood, the present invention briefly described above will be described in more detail with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the present invention and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the scope of protection thereof. The accompanying drawings describe and explain the present invention with additional specificity and detail.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic side view of a heat absorption device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 To include Figure 1 A side view of a battery pack having a heat sink, wherein the heat sink is disposed between two adjacent battery cells; and

[0029] Figure 3 To include Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack of the battery pack.

[0030] Description of Reference Numerals

[0031] 100. Battery pack 110: battery cell

[0032] 120: heat absorption layer; 130: negative Poisson's ratio layer

[0033] 140. Battery Pack DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0036] In this document, ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” cited in the present invention are merely identifiers and do not have any other meanings, such as a specific order.

[0037] To thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present invention, a detailed structure will be provided in the following description. Obviously, the implementation of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention may also have other embodiments.

[0038] The present invention provides a heat sink. The heat sink includes a heat sink layer 120 and a negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. The heat sink layer 120 is disposed on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. The heat sink layer 120 comprises a heat absorbing material. The negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 comprises a negative Poisson's ratio material. In the heat sink of the present application, the heat sink layer 120 is disposed on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. The term "one side" does not imply a specific positional relationship. For example, the heat sink layer 120 may be disposed on one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 in the thickness direction, or on one side perpendicular to the thickness direction of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130, without particular limitation.

[0039] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the heat sink is configured to be disposed along a direction D1 on the surface of the battery cell 110. It will be appreciated that when the heat sink is disposed on the surface of the battery cell 110, the heat sink may be in direct contact with the surface of the battery cell 110, or a certain distance may be provided between the heat sink and the surface of the battery cell 110, such that the heat sink is not in direct contact with the battery cell 110.

[0040] The heat sink can be used in a battery pack 100 including multiple (or more than two) battery cells 110. The heat sink is positioned between at least two adjacent battery cells 110 in the battery pack 100. When the heat sink of the present invention is used in the battery pack 100, the heat sink layer 120 can be used to absorb heat when a battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway, and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 can be used to increase the distance between the battery cells 110 on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 when a battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway. Specifically, when a battery cell 110 in the battery pack 100 experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of heat is released. The heat-absorbing material in the heat-absorbing layer 120, such as a phase-change heat-absorbing material, absorbs heat through phase change, reducing the amount of heat transferred between the battery cells 110 on either side. Simultaneously, a battery cell 110 experiencing thermal runaway will expand, exerting a compressive force on the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. This compressive force causes the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 to expand toward the battery cell 110, thereby increasing the distance between the battery cells 110 on either side of the heat-absorbing device and further reducing the amount of heat transferred between the battery cells 110 on either side. Furthermore, because the heat-absorbing layer 120 is positioned on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130, the heat-absorbing material in the heat-absorbing layer 120 is less likely to interfere with the expansion of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. Therefore, the heat-absorbing layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 work together to reduce the probability of thermal runaway of the battery cells 110 in the battery pack 100 and enhance the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the heat-absorbing layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 are stacked along the thickness direction (direction D1) of the heat-absorbing device. The negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 is configured to deform in a direction opposite to the pressure when subjected to pressure in the thickness direction. Thus, when the heat-absorbing device is positioned between two adjacent battery cells 110 in the battery pack 100, the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130, when squeezed by the battery cells 110, expands toward the cell 110 that squeezes it, while also exerting a certain amount of pressure on the heat-absorbing layer 120. This creates closer contact between the heat-absorbing layer 120 and the battery cells 110, enhancing the heat-absorbing effect.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the heat absorption layer 120 is constructed as an integrally molded structure. The negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 is also constructed as an integrally molded structure. Both the heat absorption layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 are constructed as rectangular sheet-like structures. The heat absorption layer 120 is bonded to the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. The length direction of the heat absorption layer 120 is parallel to the length direction of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. The width direction of the heat absorption layer 120 is parallel to the width direction of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. The thickness direction of the heat absorption layer 120 is parallel to the thickness direction of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. Thus, the heat absorption device formed by the heat absorption layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 is constructed as a substantially rectangular parallelepiped structure. The length direction of the rectangular parallelepiped structure is parallel to the length direction of the heat absorption layer 120. The width direction of the rectangular parallelepiped structure is parallel to the width direction of the heat absorption layer 120. The thickness direction of the rectangular parallelepiped structure is parallel to the thickness direction of the heat absorption layer 120. This facilitates installation. For a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the length is greater than the width, and the width is greater than the thickness.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dimensions of the heat absorption layer 120 in the direction (direction D1) in which the heat absorption layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 are disposed range from 2 mm to 50 mm. As mentioned above, the heat absorption layer 120 is disposed on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. That is, the heat absorption layer 120 can be disposed on one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 or on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. When the heat absorption layer 120 is disposed on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130, the dimensions of the heat absorption layer 120 refer to the dimensions of the heat absorption layer 120 on the side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. For example, when the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 and the heat absorption layer 120 are stacked along the thickness direction of the heat sink, and the heat absorption layer 120 is disposed on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 in the thickness direction, the dimensions of the heat absorption layer 120 refer to the thickness of the heat absorption layer 120 on a single side. When the size of the heat absorption layer 120 is set within this range, it is possible to avoid the heat absorption performance being affected by a size that is too small, or the energy density of the battery pack 140 being affected by a size that is too large.

[0044] Along the direction D1 , the size of the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm. Therefore, when the heat sink is used in the battery pack 100 or the battery package 140 , both energy density and safety performance can be taken into consideration.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat absorption layer 120 includes an organic phase change material.

[0046] Furthermore, the organic phase change material includes paraffin, stearic acid, alcohols, lipids or lipid derivatives.

[0047] It is understood that in an embodiment not shown, the organic phase change material includes a composite material. The composite material of the organic phase change material includes an organic material. For example, the composite material of the organic phase change material includes paraffin, stearic acid, alcohols, lipids or lipid derivatives.

[0048] It is understood that in other embodiments not shown, the heat absorption layer includes an inorganic phase change material.

[0049] Furthermore, the inorganic phase change material includes crystalline hydrated salts, nitrates, carbonates or metals.

[0050] It is understood that in an embodiment not shown, the inorganic phase change material includes a composite material. The composite material of the inorganic phase change material includes an inorganic material. For example, the composite material of the inorganic phase change material includes a crystalline hydrated salt, a nitrate, a carbonate, or a metal.

[0051] In actual use, the appropriate phase change material can be selected by comprehensively considering factors such as cost and heat absorption capacity.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 includes a negative Poisson's ratio foam material or a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure material.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 includes metal or polymer materials.

[0054] In actual use, the appropriate negative Poisson's ratio material can be selected by comprehensively considering factors such as cost and deformation capacity.

[0055] The present application also provides a battery pack 100. The battery pack 100 includes a heat sink and a battery cell 110. The heat sink is located on the surface of the battery cell 110. The heat sink can be directly in contact with the surface of the battery cell 110, or there can be a certain distance between the heat sink and the surface of the battery cell 110, so that the heat sink and the battery cell 110 are not in direct contact.

[0056] When a cell 110 in the battery pack 100 experiences thermal runaway, it releases a significant amount of heat. The heat absorption layer 120 absorbs this heat, reducing the amount of heat transferred between the cells 110 on either side. Simultaneously, the cell 110 experiencing thermal runaway expands, squeezing the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. This squeeze causes the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 to expand toward the cell 110 it is squeezing, thereby increasing the distance between the cells 110 on either side of the heat absorption device and further reducing the amount of heat transferred between the cells 110 on either side. Therefore, the heat absorption layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 work together to reduce the probability of thermal runaway in the cells 110 of the battery pack 100 and improve the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, a battery pack 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 110. A heat sink is disposed between at least two adjacent battery cells 110. The arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells 110 is aligned with the thickness direction of the heat sink. This improves the heat sink's effectiveness in preventing heat diffusion and enhances the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0058] Furthermore, the heat absorption layer 120 and the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 are sequentially arranged along the arrangement direction of at least two adjacent battery cells 110. That is, the thickness directions of the heat absorption layer 120, the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130, and the heat sink are aligned with the arrangement directions of the two battery cells 110 on either side of the heat sink. In this way, when the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 is squeezed by the battery cells 110, it expands toward the squeezing battery cells 110 and exerts a certain amount of pressure on the heat absorption layer 120, ensuring closer contact between the heat absorption layer 120 and the battery cells 110, thereby enhancing the heat absorption effect.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 As shown, along a first direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of at least two adjacent battery cells 110 (direction D1), the ratio of the maximum dimension of the heat sink to the maximum dimension of the battery cell 110 ranges from 0.9 to 1. For example, when the heat sink has a square structure, the first direction is the length or width of the heat sink. This balances the safety and energy density of the battery pack 100.

[0060] Furthermore, the battery cell 110 is a square battery cell. The heat sink has a square structure. The square heat sink has a length, a width, and a thickness; the first direction is the width of the heat sink. The length of the heat sink is greater than the width, and the width is greater than the thickness. In this case, the shape of the heat sink is compatible with the shape and size of the battery cell 110, ensuring both safety and energy density of the battery pack 100.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, along a second direction perpendicular to the arrangement of the two adjacent battery cells, the ratio of the maximum dimension of the heat sink to the maximum dimension of the battery cells ranges from 0.9 to 1, where the second direction is the length of the heat sink. This allows for a battery pack 100 with improved safety and energy density.

[0062] The present application also provides a battery pack 140. The battery pack 140 includes the aforementioned battery pack 100. In addition to the aforementioned battery pack 100, the battery pack 140 may further include a battery case (not shown in the figure), the battery case having a receiving space formed therein, and the battery pack 100 is disposed in the receiving space.

[0063] When a cell 110 in a battery pack 140 experiences thermal runaway, it releases a significant amount of heat. The heat absorption layer 120 absorbs this heat, reducing the amount of heat transferred between the cells 110 on either side. Simultaneously, the cell 110 experiencing thermal runaway expands, squeezing the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130. This squeeze causes the negative Poisson's ratio layer 130 to expand toward the cell 110 it is squeezing, thereby increasing the distance between the cells 110 on either side of the heat absorption device and further reducing the amount of heat transferred between the cells 110 on either side. This reduces the probability of thermal runaway in the cells 110 within the battery pack 140, improving the safety of the battery pack 140.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the battery cells 110 are prismatic cells, and a heat sink can be used in a battery pack 100 comprising multiple (or more than two) battery cells 110. A heat sink is positioned between at least two adjacent battery cells 110 in the battery pack 100. The thickness of the heat sink is parallel to the arrangement of the two adjacent battery cells, and the width of the heat sink is parallel to the height of the battery pack 140. The height of the battery pack 140 can be understood as the vertical direction in the battery pack 140's usage scenario. For example, when the battery pack 140 is used in a vehicle, the height of the battery pack 140 can be understood as the height of the vehicle. The thickness of the heat sink is parallel to the arrangement of the two adjacent battery cells 110, and the width of the heat sink is parallel to the height of the battery pack 140. In other words, the heat sink is positioned sideways in the battery pack 140. Since prismatic cells are typically positioned sideways in the battery pack 140, positioning the heat sink sideways better aligns with the battery cells 110 and improves the safety of the battery pack 140.

[0065] The present invention also provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes the aforementioned battery pack 140. The aforementioned battery pack 140 can function as a power battery or a starting battery in the vehicle. The vehicle possesses the aforementioned advantages of the battery pack 140, which will not be further described here.

[0066] The present invention has been described through the above embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention. Terms such as "component" and the like appearing herein may refer to either a single part or a combination of multiple parts. Terms such as "installation" and "setting" appearing herein may refer to either a component being directly attached to another component or a component being attached to another component through an intermediate. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable in the other embodiment or otherwise stated.

Claims

1. A heat absorbing device, characterized in that: The heat absorption device comprises: negative Poisson's ratio layer; A heat absorption layer is provided on at least one side of the negative Poisson's ratio layer.

2. The heat absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that The negative Poisson's ratio layer and the heat absorption layer are stacked along the thickness direction of the heat absorption device; the negative Poisson's ratio layer is configured to deform in a direction opposite to the pressure when subjected to pressure in the thickness direction.

3. The heat absorption device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the arrangement direction of the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer, a size of the heat absorption layer ranges from 2 mm to 50 mm.

4. The heat absorption device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the arrangement direction of the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer, a size of the negative Poisson's ratio layer ranges from 1 mm to 10 mm.

5. The heat absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat absorption layer includes a phase change heat absorption material, and the phase change heat absorption material includes an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material.

6. The heat absorption device according to claim 5, characterized in that The phase-change heat-absorbing material includes paraffin, stearic acid, alcohols, lipids, lipid derivatives, crystalline hydrated salts, nitrates, carbonates or metals.

7. The heat sink according to claim 1, wherein: The negative Poisson's ratio layer includes a negative Poisson's ratio foam material or a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure material.

8. The heat sink according to claim 1, wherein: The negative Poisson's ratio layer includes metal or polymer material.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises the heat absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a battery cell, wherein the heat absorption device is located on the surface of the battery cell.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells, and the heat absorption device is arranged between at least two adjacent battery cells of the plurality of battery cells; the arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells is the same as the thickness direction of the heat absorption device.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein: Along the arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells, the heat absorption layer and the negative Poisson's ratio layer are arranged in sequence.

12. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein: Along a first direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells, a ratio of a maximum size of the heat absorption device to a maximum size of the battery cell ranges from 0.9 to 1.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, wherein: The battery core is a square battery core, and the heat absorption device has a square structure; the first direction is the width direction of the heat absorption device; the length of the heat absorption device is greater than the width, and the width of the heat absorption device is greater than the thickness.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein: Along a second direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the two adjacent battery cells, a ratio of the maximum size of the heat absorption device to the maximum size of the battery cell ranges from 0.9 to 1, and the second direction is the length direction of the heat absorption device.

15. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: The heat absorption layer is arranged on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer.

16. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: The negative Poisson's ratio layer is used to increase the distance between the battery cells on both sides of the negative Poisson's ratio layer when thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells.

17. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack includes the battery pack according to any one of claims 9 to 16.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the battery pack according to any one of claims 9 to 16 or the battery pack according to claim 17.

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