Upright external heating type slack coal carbonization furnace and coal tar recovery system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vertical external heating type slack coal carbonization furnace and a coal tar recovery system, the slack coal carbonization furnace comprises a furnace top coal box, an auxiliary coal box and a furnace wall, the furnace wall is arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary coal box, a combustion chamber and a carbonization chamber are arranged in the furnace wall, and the carbonization chamber is formed by vertically spacing a plurality of heat-resistant pipes and is spaced from the combustion chamber; the furnace wall is provided with a heat-resisting pipe, the heat-resisting pipe penetrates through the auxiliary coal box, the lower end of the furnace wall is provided with a combustion nozzle used for spraying mixed gas into the combustion chamber, and the lower portion of the carbonization chamber is provided with a coke pusher used for slowly pushing carbonized coke breeze into the coke quenching large groove. The slack coal is put into the carbonization chamber consisting of the heat-resistant pipes for carbonization, so that the carbonization efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and coal resources are fully utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of final coalification, and in particular relates to a vertical externally heated final coalification furnace and a coal tar recovery system. Background Art

[0002] Semi-coke, a solid fuel derived from coal through dry distillation, is widely used in industries such as calcium carbide plants and ferroalloy production. However, conventional semi-coke production equipment cannot effectively process fine coal particles smaller than 15 mm, resulting in inefficient utilization or waste of this coal resource. Therefore, developing a novel carbonization equipment that can fully utilize fine coal particles and improve resource utilization has important economic and environmental implications. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an upright externally heated fine coal furnace and coal tar recovery system, which forms a carbonization chamber through vertical heat-resistant tubes to convert fine coal with a particle size of less than 15 mm into coke, effectively improving the utilization value of the fine coal.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0005] A vertical externally heated final coalification furnace, comprising:

[0006] Coal box on the furnace top, for entry of fine coal;

[0007] an auxiliary coal box connected to the lower end of the furnace top coal box;

[0008] a furnace wall, provided at the lower end of the auxiliary coal box, for supporting the auxiliary coal box and the furnace top coal box;

[0009] A carbonization chamber is provided in the furnace wall and is composed of a plurality of heat-resistant tubes spaced vertically apart. The upper ends of the heat-resistant tubes pass through the auxiliary coal box and the lower ends extend to the lower end of the furnace wall, and are used to form coke from the coal box on the top of the furnace;

[0010] a combustion chamber, arranged in the furnace wall and spaced apart from the heat-resistant tube, for burning the mixed gas to heat the heat-resistant tube;

[0011] a burner nozzle, arranged at the lower end of the furnace wall, for injecting mixed gas into the combustion chamber;

[0012] A large coke quenching tank is provided at the lower end of the furnace wall and is used to receive and quench the coke fines from the carbonization chamber;

[0013] The coke pusher is arranged at the lower part of the carbonization chamber and is used to push the carbonized coke powder into the coke quenching tank.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a coke supporting plate, which is arranged at the lower end of the coke pusher and connected to the carbonization chamber, and is used to support the coke ends flowing out from the lower end of the carbonization chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixed end of the coke pusher is arranged on the outside of the furnace wall, and the telescopic end of the coke pusher extends into the inner cavity of the furnace wall.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an air blower, which is connected to the combustion chamber and is used to transport air to the combustion chamber. The air is mixed with coal gas to form the mixed gas; an exhaust pipe is provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber, and one end of the exhaust pipe extends out of the furnace wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the burner includes a gas annular pipe, an air annular pipe and several burner nozzles. The gas annular pipe and the air annular pipe are arranged in an annular manner around the outer periphery of the furnace wall. One end of each burner nozzle is connected to the gas annular pipe and the air annular pipe, and the other end of each burner nozzle passes through the furnace wall and is connected to the combustion chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, the burner includes a straight air pipe and a straight gas pipe that are annularly spaced with a gap between them. One end of the straight air pipe is connected to the annular air pipe, one end of the straight gas pipe is connected to the annular gas pipe, and the other end of the straight air pipe is connected to the combustion chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, a peephole is provided at one end of the burner.

[0020] Furthermore, a desulfurization tower is included, which is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe and is used to desulfurize and exhaust the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber.

[0021] The utility model also provides a coal tar recovery system, including the upright externally heated final coalification furnace of the utility model, and also including a countercurrent spray tower for cooling and washing the furnace top gas, an electric tar collector for separating coal tar, a gas blower for pressurizing the furnace top gas and a rotary trap for dehydrating the furnace top gas, which are connected in series in sequence. The countercurrent spray tower is connected to the auxiliary coal box, and the rotary trap is connected to the combustion chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a mixing tank, which is connected to the countercurrent spray tower, the electric tar collector, the gas blower and the rotary trap for collecting ammonia water and coal tar.

[0023] The utility model adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages and effects:

[0024] (1) The utility model provides an upright externally heated fine coal incineration furnace and a coal tar recovery system, wherein the fine coal incineration furnace adopts external heating to carbonize the screened fine coal with a particle size of less than 15 mm through a carbonization chamber with a pipe column structure to form coke. The carbonization efficiency is high and the energy consumption is low. The produced coke is the best ideal fuel for blast furnace injection. After a little crushing and processing, it can be completely used as blast furnace injection fuel and fully utilized by the blast furnace without any waste, thereby improving the utilization value of the fine coal.

[0025] (2) The utility model provides an upright externally heated final coalification furnace and coal tar recovery system. Compared with the coal gas produced by a traditional lignite furnace, which has a calorific value of only 1,700 kcal and can only be used as ordinary fuel, the coal gas recovered by the utility model has a calorific value greater than 6,000 kcal due to external heating and can be prepared into liquefied natural gas, thereby improving the utilization value of the coal gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of an upright external heating type final coalification furnace.

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA cross-section diagram.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the connection between the furnace wall and the combustion nozzle.

[0029] Figure 4 The utility model provides a schematic structural diagram of a coal tar recovery system.

[0030] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1-furnace top coal box, 2-auxiliary coal box, 201-furnace top gas pipe, 202-gas pipe, 203-air pipe, 3-carbonization chamber, 4-combustion chamber, 5-burning nozzle, 501-gas straight pipe, 5011-peephole, 502-air annular pipe, 503-gas annular pipe, 504-air straight pipe, 6-coke pusher, 7-coke quenching tank, 8-exhaust pipe, 9-desulfurization tower, 901-emptying port, 10-coke support plate, 11-furnace wall, 12-finish coal belt conveyor, 13-lignite field shed, 14-air fan, 15-rotary trap, 16-gas fan, 17-electric tar precipitator, 18-countercurrent spray tower, 19-mixing tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail so that the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only intended to illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown. The utility model provides an upright externally heated fine coal charring furnace, comprising a top coal box 1, an auxiliary coal box 2, a carbonization chamber 3, a combustion chamber 4, a burner 5, a large coke quenching trough 7, a coke pusher 6, and a furnace wall 11. The top coal box 1 is used to receive fine coal with a particle size of less than 15 mm. The auxiliary coal box 2 is connected to the lower end of the top coal box 1. The furnace wall 11 is provided at the lower end of the auxiliary coal box 2 to support the auxiliary coal box 2 and the top coal box 1. The carbonization chamber 3 is provided within the furnace wall 11 and is composed of a plurality of vertically spaced heat-resistant tubes. The upper ends of the heat-resistant tubes pass through the auxiliary coal box 2 and the lower ends extend to the lower end of the furnace wall 11. The carbonization chamber 3 is used to char the fine coal entering from the top coal box 1 into fine coke. The combustion chamber 4 is provided within the furnace wall 11 and is separated from the heat-resistant tubes. The combustion chamber 4 is formed by the gaps between the heat-resistant tubes and the gaps between the inner wall of the furnace wall 11 and the heat-resistant tubes. The combustion chamber 4 is used to burn the mixed gas to heat the heat-resistant tubes. The burner 5 is located at the lower end of the furnace wall 11 and is used to inject a mixture of coal gas and air into the combustion chamber 4. The coke pusher 6 is located at the lower part of the carbonization chamber 3 and is used to slowly push the carbonized coke into the coke quenching tank 7. The coke quenching tank 7 is located at the lower end of the furnace wall 11 and is used to receive and extinguish the coke from the carbonization chamber 3.

[0033] Specifically, the furnace top coal box 1 is a double-conical box, and the auxiliary coal box 2 is a frustum structure, with the upper end of the auxiliary coal box 2 connected to the lower end of the furnace top coal box 1. The furnace wall 11 is a square cavity structure, and the upper end of the furnace wall 11 supports the lower end of the auxiliary coal box 2.

[0034] The heat-resistant tubes in the carbonization chamber 3 have an outer diameter of 500mm-700mm, a wall thickness of 35mm-45mm, and a length of 6m. Multiple heat-resistant tubes are installed vertically and spaced apart to form the carbonization chamber 3. The gaps between adjacent heat-resistant tubes form a combustion chamber 4. A mixture of coal gas and air burns within this combustion chamber 4, continuously heating the multiple heat-resistant tubes. Heat is then transferred from the tubes to the fine coal within them, accelerating their carbonization. The fine coal at the bottom of the tubes is continuously heated and slowly moves vertically downward, carbonizing into fine coke. This fine coke is then slowly pushed into the large coke quenching tank 7 by a coke pusher 6.

[0035] A fine coal belt conveyor 12 is provided on the top of the furnace top coal box 1. The fine coal belt conveyor 12 can transport the fine coal into the furnace top coal box 1 to keep the furnace top coal box 1 full. The fine coal enters the carbonization chamber 3 through the auxiliary coal box 2 for carbonization operation.

[0036] A gas port is provided on the auxiliary coal box 2, and the gas port is connected to the furnace top gas pipe 201. The furnace top gas after uncoalization is discharged through the furnace top gas pipe 201 for further utilization.

[0037] Furthermore, the vertical externally heated fine coal quenching furnace of the present invention further includes a coke support plate 10, which is arranged at the lower end of the coke pusher 6 and connected to the carbonization chamber 3. The coke support plate 10 is used to support the coke fines flowing out of the lower end of the carbonization chamber 3. The fine coal at the lower part of the heat-resistant tube of the carbonization chamber 3 forms coke fines and gradually falls into the coke support plate 10. The coke pusher 6 can slowly push the coke fines in the coke support plate 10 into the coke quenching tank 7.

[0038] Furthermore, the fixed end of the coke pusher 6 is located outside the furnace wall 11, while the telescopic end of the coke pusher 6 extends into the inner cavity of the furnace wall 11. The coke pusher 6 is an electrically operated telescopic mechanism, with the fixed end fixed to the side wall of the furnace wall 11 and the telescopic end extending to the lower end of the carbonization chamber 3 within the furnace wall 11. The telescopic end is provided with a push plate. When a certain amount of coke fines is stored, the push plate telescopes and slowly pushes the coke fines into the large coke quenching tank 7.

[0039] Furthermore, an upright external heating type final coalification furnace of the present invention also includes an air blower 14, which is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 through an air pipe 203. At the same time, a gas pipe 202 is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 4, and the gas pipe 202 is used to transport gas. The air blower 14 transports air to the combustion chamber 4 through the air pipe 203, and the air and gas are mixed to form a mixed gas.

[0040] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe 8 is provided on the upper portion of the combustion chamber 4, and one end of the exhaust pipe 8 extends out of the furnace wall 11. Exhaust gas after the mixed gas is burned in the combustion chamber 4 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 8 on the upper portion of the combustion chamber 4.

[0041] Furthermore, the burner 5 includes a gas annular pipe 503, an air annular pipe 502 and a plurality of burner nozzles. The gas annular pipe 503 and the air annular pipe 502 are arranged in an annular manner on the outer periphery of the furnace wall 11. One end of each burner nozzle is connected to the gas annular pipe 503 and the air annular pipe 502, and the other end of each burner nozzle passes through the furnace wall 11 and is connected to the combustion chamber 4.

[0042] Specifically, the gas annular tube 503 and the air annular tube 502 are nested together to form an annular cavity structure, which is nested at the lower end of the furnace wall 11. The inner diameter of the air annular tube 502 is smaller than that of the gas annular tube 503, and the gas annular tube 503 is nested around the outer circumference of the air annular tube 502. Multiple burners penetrate the furnace wall 11 and enter the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 at multiple points. One end of each burner is connected to the combustion chamber 4, which is separated from the carbonization chamber 3. The other end of each burner is connected to both the gas annular tube 503 and the air annular tube 502 for inputting gas and air. The air and gas are mixed within the burner, ejected, and ignited within the combustion chamber 4. Each burner is also provided with a peephole 5011 at the outer end for observing the combustion of the mixed gas within the combustion chamber 4.

[0043] Furthermore, the burner includes a straight air pipe 504 and a straight gas pipe 501 that are ring-shaped with a gap between each other. One end of the straight air pipe 504 is connected to the annular air pipe 502, one end of the straight gas pipe 501 is connected to the annular gas pipe 503, and the other end of the straight air pipe 504 is connected to the combustion chamber 4.

[0044] Specifically, the linear gas pipe 501 and the linear air pipe 504 are sheathed together to form a burner nozzle. One end of the linear gas pipe 501 extends out of the linear air pipe 504, while the other end of the linear gas pipe 501 terminates within the linear air pipe 504 and is located at the furnace wall 11. A peephole 5011 is provided at the end of the linear gas pipe 501 extending out of the linear air pipe 504.

[0045] Furthermore, the air blower 14 is connected to the air annular pipe 502 through the air pipe 203, and one end of the gas pipe 202 is connected to the gas annular pipe 503. The other end of the gas pipe 202 is connected to a rotary paving device.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to ensure the durability of the carbonization chamber 3, the temperature of the combustion chamber 4 can be maintained within 1000°C by adjusting the mixing ratio of gas and air. In the present invention, the mixing ratio of gas and air at 1:2.5 can achieve full combustion, maximize thermal efficiency and reduce the generation of harmful substances.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the transportation of coke fines, a semi-coke belt conveyor is provided at one end of the large coke quenching tank 7, and the quenched coke fines are transported to the semi-coke field shed 13 via the semi-coke belt conveyor and are put on sale in the semi-coke field shed 13.

[0048] Furthermore, the vertical externally heated final coalification furnace of the present invention further includes a desulfurization tower 9, which is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe 8 and is used to desulfurize and exhaust the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 4. The upper end of the desulfurization tower 9 is provided with an exhaust port 901, through which the desulfurized exhaust gas is discharged.

[0049] like Figure 4 The present invention also provides a coal tar recovery system, comprising the vertical externally heated final coalification furnace of the present invention, and further comprising a countercurrent spray tower 18 for cooling and washing the top gas, an electric tar collector 17 for separating the coal tar, a gas blower 16 for pressurizing the top gas, and a rotary trap 15 for dehydrating the top gas, which are sequentially connected in series. The countercurrent spray tower 18 is connected to an auxiliary coal box 2, and the rotary trap 15 is connected to the combustion chamber 4 via a gas pipe 202.

[0050] Specifically, the top gas is connected to the bottom of the countercurrent spray tower 18 from the auxiliary coal box 2 via the top gas pipe 201. After cooling and washing in the countercurrent spray tower 18, it enters the electric tar collector 17 from the top of the countercurrent spray tower 18 through a pipeline to recover coal tar. The top of the electric tar collector 17 is connected to the inlet of the gas blower 16 through a pipeline. This previous section is a negative pressure section. The top gas entering the gas blower 16 enters the rotary trap 15 after being pressurized. After being separated from the moisture purification by the rotary trap 15, the top gas is then delivered to the burner 5 at the bottom of the furnace wall 11 through the gas pipe 202 to mix with air. This section is a positive pressure section. A portion of the top gas purified by the rotary trap 15 enters the combustion chamber 4 and is burned. The remaining top gas can be transported to a power plant or used to prepare liquefied natural gas.

[0051] Furthermore, the coal tar recovery system of the present invention also includes a mixing tank 19, which is connected to the countercurrent spray tower 18, the electric tar collector 17, the gas blower 16 and the rotary trap 15. The mixing tank 19 is used to collect and statically separate the ammonia water and coal tar.

[0052] Specifically, as the top gas passes through countercurrent spray tower 18, a portion of the ammonia and coal tar is collected at its lower portion. As the top gas passes through electrostatic precipitator 17, the coal tar is collected at its lower portion. As the top gas passes through gas blower 16, a portion of the ammonia and coal tar is collected at its lower portion. The collected ammonia and coal tar then enter mixing tank 19 for standing, where the oil and water are allowed to stand before the coal tar is separated. The separation of ammonia and coal tar is achieved by the difference in specific gravity: the specific gravity of ammonia is 1, while the specific gravity of coal tar is 1.04-1.06. After standing and stratification, the lower layer contains coal tar.

Claims

1. A vertical external heating type coal-fired furnace, characterized in that: include: A coal box (1) on the top of the furnace, for the entry of fine coal; An auxiliary coal box (2) connected to the lower end of the furnace top coal box (1); A furnace wall (11) is provided at the lower end of the auxiliary coal box (2) and is used to support the auxiliary coal box (2) and the furnace top coal box (1); The carbonization chamber (3) is arranged in the furnace wall (11) and is composed of a plurality of heat-resistant tubes spaced vertically apart. The upper ends of the heat-resistant tubes pass through the auxiliary coal box (2) and the lower ends extend to the lower end of the furnace wall (11). The heat-resistant tubes are used to convert the fine coal entering from the furnace top coal box (1) into coke. A combustion chamber (4) is arranged in the furnace wall (11) and spaced apart from the heat-resistant tube, and is used for burning the mixed gas to heat the heat-resistant tube; A burner (5) is provided at the lower end of the furnace wall (11) and is used to inject mixed gas into the combustion chamber (4); A large coke quenching tank (7) is provided at the lower end of the furnace wall (11) and is used to receive and quench coke from the carbonization chamber (3); A coke pusher (6) is provided at the lower portion of the carbonization chamber (3) and is used to push the carbonized coke powder into the coke quenching tank (7).

2. The vertical external heating type coalification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a coke support plate (10), which is arranged at the lower end of the coke pusher (6) and connected to the carbonization chamber (3) to support the coke residue flowing out of the lower end of the carbonization chamber (3).

3. The vertical external heating type coalification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed end of the coke pusher (6) is arranged on the outside of the furnace wall (11), and the telescopic end of the coke pusher (6) extends into the inner cavity of the furnace wall (11).

4. A vertical externally heated coalification furnace according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The invention also includes an air blower (14), which is connected to the combustion chamber (4) and is used to transport air to the combustion chamber (4), and the air is mixed with coal gas to form the mixed gas; an exhaust pipe (8) is provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber (4), and one end of the exhaust pipe (8) extends out of the furnace wall (11).

5. The vertical external heating type coalification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The burner (5) comprises a gas annular pipe (503), an air annular pipe (502) and a plurality of burner nozzles. The gas annular pipe (503) and the air annular pipe (502) are arranged in an annular manner on the outer periphery of the furnace wall (11). One end of each burner nozzle is connected to the gas annular pipe (503) and the air annular pipe (502), and the other end of each burner nozzle passes through the furnace wall (11) and is connected to the combustion chamber (4).

6. The vertical external heating type coalification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The burner comprises a straight air pipe (504) and a straight gas pipe (501) which are annularly spaced with each other. One end of the straight air pipe (504) is connected to the annular air pipe (502), one end of the straight gas pipe (501) is connected to the annular gas pipe (503), and the other end of the straight air pipe (504) is connected to the combustion chamber (4).

7. The vertical external heating type coalification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: A peephole (5011) is provided at one end of the burner.

8. The vertical externally heated coalification furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a desulfurization tower (9), which is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe (8) and is used to desulfurize and exhaust the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber (4).

9. A coal tar recovery system, characterized in that: It comprises an upright externally heated final coalification furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and also comprises a countercurrent spray tower (18) for cooling and washing furnace top gas, an electric tar collector (17) for separating coal tar, a gas blower (16) for pressurizing furnace top gas, and a rotary trap (15) for dehydrating furnace top gas, which are connected in series in sequence, wherein the countercurrent spray tower (18) is connected to the auxiliary coal box (2), and the rotary trap (15) is connected to the combustion chamber (4).

10. A coal tar recovery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a mixing tank (19), wherein the mixing tank (19) is connected to the countercurrent spray tower (18), the electric tar collector (17), the gas blower (16) and the rotary trap (15), and is used for collecting ammonia water and coal tar.

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