Laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding equipment, and belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, the laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle comprises a powder nozzle inner core, and the outer side of the powder nozzle inner core is sequentially sleeved with a powder nozzle base and a powder nozzle shell from top to bottom; a powder feeding channel I is arranged between the inner wall of the powder nozzle base and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core, and a powder feeding channel II is arranged between the inner wall of the powder nozzle shell and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core; a water-cooling inner core is installed in an inner cavity of the powder nozzle inner core, a water inlet channel III and a water return channel III are formed in the outer wall of the water-cooling inner core, a spiral cooling water channel is communicated between the water inlet channel III and the water return channel III, and the spiral cooling water channel is located on the inner side of the powder feeding channel I and the inner side of the powder feeding channel II at the same time. The powder nozzle has the beneficial effects that the cooling effect is good, so that the temperature of the inner core of the powder nozzle is prevented from being too high, and the flowability of powder and the overall cladding quality are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, and in particular relates to a laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of metal surface modification technology, laser cladding technology is becoming more and more widely used in industrial production. Moreover, as the application foundation of traditional laser cladding technology continues to be consolidated, high-speed laser cladding technology has become a research hotspot in this field due to its unique advantages and is rapidly being promoted and applied.

[0003] High-speed laser cladding technology utilizes higher laser energy density to efficiently deposit powder onto part surfaces. Compared to traditional laser cladding, this technology not only significantly improves processing efficiency and precision, but also significantly reduces heat input to the workpiece, effectively reducing the risk of thermal deformation. Furthermore, the laser cladding ring powder feeder, a key component in high-speed laser cladding applications, ensures ideal powder interaction with the laser beam through its superior powder convergence and precise spot distribution, laying the foundation for the formation of a uniform and dense cladding layer.

[0004] However, when the existing annular powder feeding nozzle is used in the 10,000-watt high-speed laser cladding scenario, there is a general problem of poor cooling effect. Specifically, the existing annular powder feeding nozzle is generally only provided with a circle of water-cooling grooves on the upper part of the inner core, such as the annular high-speed laser cladding powder feeding nozzle disclosed in the Chinese patent application number 2023225497624; therefore, when the light path scattered light generated by the 10,000-watt laser and the high heat carried by the return light of the molten pool are quickly transmitted to the lower part of the powder feeding nozzle, the lower part will continue to accumulate heat due to the lack of a direct and effective cooling channel. Moreover, when the temperature of the inner core continues to rise, the powder is likely to adhere after contacting the high-temperature inner wall, which leads to a significant decrease in powder fluidity, thereby affecting the powder convergence and powder distribution uniformity, seriously affecting the processing accuracy and finished product quality of high-speed laser cladding. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to propose and design a laser cladding ring powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding equipment to solve the problem of poor cooling effect of the existing ring powder feeding nozzle in 10,000-watt laser cladding applications, and to make them have good cooling effect to solve the above problem.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, firstly, the utility model provides a laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle, which includes a powder nozzle inner core, a powder nozzle base and a powder nozzle shell are sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the powder nozzle inner core from top to bottom, at least one powder feeding channel is passed through the inner wall and the outer wall of the powder nozzle base, a powder feeding channel I is provided between the inner wall of the powder nozzle base and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core, and a powder feeding channel II is provided between the inner wall of the powder nozzle shell and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core; the inner cavity of the powder nozzle inner core is equipped with a water-cooled inner core, and the outer wall of the water-cooled inner core is provided with a water-cooled inner core. A water inlet channel III and a water return channel III are opened on the wall. The water inlet channel III is connected to a water inlet joint, and the water return channel III is connected to a water return joint. A spiral cooling water channel is connected between the water inlet channel III and the water return channel III. The spiral cooling water channel is located on the inner side of the powder feeding channel I and the inner side of the powder feeding channel II at the same time, and can cool the inner core of the powder nozzle, as well as the powder located in the powder feeding channel I and the powder located in the powder feeding channel II at the same time, so as to avoid the temperature of the inner core of the powder nozzle being too high, thereby ensuring the fluidity of the powder and the overall cladding quality.

[0007] Furthermore, the water inlet channel III and the return water channel III are both arranged at the upper part of the water-cooled inner core, and the spiral cooling water circuit includes an inlet spiral water circuit and a return spiral water circuit. The water inlet end of the inlet spiral water circuit is connected to the water inlet channel III, and the water outlet end of the inlet spiral water circuit is connected to the water inlet end of the return spiral water circuit at the lower end of the water-cooled inner core, and the water outlet end of the return spiral water circuit is connected to the return water channel III, thereby ensuring that the entire spiral cooling water circuit has a longer stroke.

[0008] Furthermore, a water inlet channel II and a return water channel II are passed through the inner wall and outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core, and a water inlet channel I and a return water channel I are passed through the inner wall and outer wall of the powder nozzle base; a water inlet joint is installed at one end of the water inlet channel I, and the other end of the water inlet channel I is connected to one end of the water inlet channel II, and the other end of the water inlet channel II is connected to the water inlet channel III; a return water joint is installed at one end of the return water channel I, and the other end of the return water channel I is connected to one end of the return water channel II, and the other end of the return water channel II is connected to the return water channel III, thereby realizing the connectivity of the entire water channel.

[0009] Furthermore, a sealing ring I is provided between the upper end of the powder nozzle inner core and the upper end of the water-cooling inner core, a sealing ring IV is provided between the lower end of the powder nozzle inner core and the lower end of the water-cooling inner core, and a spiral cooling water channel is provided between the sealing ring I and the sealing ring IV, thereby ensuring the sealing of the spiral cooling water channel between the powder nozzle inner core and the water-cooling inner core.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing ring II and a sealing ring III are provided between the powder nozzle inner core and the powder nozzle base, the connection between the water inlet channel I and the water inlet channel II is located between the sealing ring II and the sealing ring III, and the connection between the return water channel I and the return water channel II is located between the sealing ring II and the sealing ring III, thereby ensuring the sealing of the water channel between the powder nozzle base and the powder nozzle inner core.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing ring V is provided between the lower end of the powder nozzle base and the upper end of the powder nozzle housing, and the sealing ring V ensures the sealing of the powder feeding channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a powder feed connector is installed at one end of the powder feed channel, and is connected to a corresponding powder delivery pipeline through the powder feed connector.

[0013] Furthermore, a light hole II is passed through the middle of the water-cooled inner core, and a light hole I is passed through the middle of the powder nozzle inner core. The light hole I and the light hole II are coaxially arranged to ensure the emission direction of the laser beam.

[0014] Furthermore, a powder leveling portion is provided on the outer wall of the inner core of the powder nozzle, and the powder leveling portion includes a reticulated knurling structure provided on the outer wall of the inner core of the powder nozzle, and a powder leveling groove structure provided on the outer wall of the inner core of the powder nozzle, so as to ensure that the powder can be fully leveled inside the powder feeding nozzle, and greatly improve the uniform distribution of powder in the powder spot, thereby improving the powder feeding accuracy.

[0015] Secondly, the utility model also provides a laser cladding equipment, which includes the above-mentioned laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle, and can use the above-mentioned laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle to ensure the quality of powder, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy and finished product quality of high-speed laser cladding.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the utility model has the following advantages: First, the utility model can make the entire cooling structure have a longer stroke through the spiral cooling water channel composed of the water inlet spiral water channel and the return water spiral water channel, fully extend the contact time of the coolant and the heated components, and significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency; at the same time, the spiral flow channel design enables the coolant to evenly cover the inner core of the powder nozzle and the surrounding area of the powder feeding channel, avoiding local overheating, and effectively ensuring the stability and consistency of powder transportation in the powder feeding channel; secondly, the utility model can ensure that the powder can be fully homogenized inside the powder feeding nozzle through the powder uniformity structure provided on the outer wall of the inner core of the powder nozzle, and greatly improve the uniform distribution of powder in the powder spot, thereby improving the powder feeding accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 FF cross-sectional view;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 GG cross-sectional view;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the inner core of the powder nozzle of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the water-cooled inner core in the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Powder nozzle base; 101. Powder inlet channel; 102. Water inlet channel I; 103. Return water channel I; 2. Powder nozzle inner core; 201. Light hole I; 202. Water inlet channel II; 203. Return water channel II; 204. Powder distribution unit; 3. Powder nozzle outer shell; 4. Water-cooled inner core; 401. Water inlet channel III; 402. Water inlet spiral waterway; 403. Return water spiral waterway; 404. Return water channel III; 405. Light hole II; 5. Water inlet connector; 6. Return water connector; 7. Powder inlet connector; 8. Sealing ring I; 9. Sealing ring II; 10. Sealing ring III; 11. Sealing ring IV; 12. Cooling liquid; 13. Sealing ring V; 14. Powder feeding channel I; 15. Powder; 16. Powder feeding channel II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle, which includes a powder nozzle inner core 2, a powder nozzle base 1 and a powder nozzle outer shell 3 which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the powder nozzle inner core 2 from top to bottom, and a water-cooling inner core 4 arranged inside the powder nozzle inner core 2.

[0028] Among them, Figure 5As shown, the powder nozzle inner core 2 adopts a conical structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and a light hole I 201 is penetrated between the middle portion of the upper surface and the middle portion of the lower surface of the powder nozzle inner core 2, and a water inlet channel II 202 and a water return channel II 203 are penetrated between the outer wall and the inner wall of the powder nozzle inner core 2, and a powder leveling portion 204 is provided in the middle portion of the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core 2, and the powder leveling portion 204 includes a reticulated knurling structure provided on the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core 2, and a powder leveling groove structure provided on the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core 2, so as to ensure that the powder 15 can be fully homogenized inside the powder feeding nozzle, greatly improve the uniform distribution of the powder 15 in the powder spot, and improve the powder feeding accuracy.

[0029] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 As shown, the water-cooled inner core 4 is located within the light-through hole I201 of the powder nozzle inner core 2. The water-cooled inner core 4 also adopts a conical structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. A light-through hole II405 extends between the middle of the upper surface and the middle of the lower surface of the water-cooled inner core 4, and the light-through hole II405 is coaxially arranged with the light-through hole I201. Furthermore, this embodiment 1 also provides a water inlet channel III401 and a water return channel III404 on the upper portion of the outer wall of the water-cooled inner core 4. A spiral cooling water path connects the water inlet channel III401 and the water return channel III404. The water inlet channel III401 communicates with the inner end of the water inlet channel II202, and the water return channel III404 communicates with the inner end of the water return channel II203. The spiral cooling water circuit includes an inlet spiral water circuit 402 and a return spiral water circuit 403, and the water inlet end of the inlet spiral water circuit 402 is connected to the water inlet channel III 401, the water outlet end of the inlet spiral water circuit 402 is connected to the water inlet end of the return spiral water circuit 403 at the lower end of the water-cooled inner core 4, and the water outlet end of the return spiral water circuit 403 is connected to the return channel III 404, thereby ensuring that the entire spiral cooling water circuit has a longer stroke, so as to fully extend the contact time between the coolant 12 and the heated components and significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0030] In addition, as a preference, in the first embodiment, a sealing ring I8 is further provided between the flange structure at the upper end of the powder nozzle inner core 2 and the flange structure at the upper end of the water-cooling inner core 4, a sealing ring IV11 is provided between the step surface structure at the lower end of the powder nozzle inner core 2 and the lower end surface of the water-cooling inner core 4, and a spiral cooling water path is provided between the sealing ring I8 and the sealing ring IV11, thereby ensuring the sealing of the spiral cooling water path between the powder nozzle inner core 2 and the water-cooling inner core 4.

[0031] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, a gap exists between the middle and lower portion of the inner wall of the powder nozzle base 1 and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core 2. This gap serves as a powder feeding channel I14. Furthermore, the powder leveling portion 204 provided on the powder nozzle inner core 2 is located within the powder feeding channel I14. The water inlet channel II 202 and the water return channel II 203 provided on the powder nozzle inner core 2 are located above the powder feeding channel I14. At least one powder feeding channel 101 extends between the inner and outer walls of the powder nozzle base 1. A powder feeding connector 7 is mounted at the outer end of the powder feeding channel 101, and the inner end of the powder feeding channel 101 communicates with the powder feeding channel I14. At the same time, a water inlet channel I102 and a return water channel I103 are passed through the inner wall and the outer wall of the powder nozzle base 1, and a water inlet connector 5 is installed at one end of the water inlet channel I102, and the other end of the water inlet channel I102 is connected to one end of the water inlet channel II202; a return water connector 6 is installed at one end of the return water channel I103, and the other end of the return water channel I103 is connected to one end of the return water channel II203. In this way, after the coolant 12 enters the laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle provided in this embodiment through the water inlet joint 5, it will flow in sequence along the water inlet channel I102 on the powder nozzle base 1, the water inlet channel II202 on the powder nozzle inner core 2, the water inlet channel III401 on the water-cooled inner core 4, the water inlet spiral water path 402, the return water spiral water path 403, the return water channel III404, the return water channel II203 on the powder nozzle inner core 2, and the return water channel I103 on the powder nozzle base 1, and finally flow out of the laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle through the return water joint 6.

[0032] Moreover, as a preference, in the first embodiment, a sealing ring II9 may be provided between the flange structure at the upper end of the powder nozzle inner core 2 and the upper end surface of the powder nozzle base 1, and a sealing ring III10 may be provided between the step surface structure of the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core 2 and the step surface structure of the inner wall of the powder nozzle base 1, and the connection between the water inlet channel I102 and the water inlet channel II202 is located between the sealing ring II9 and the sealing ring III10, and the connection between the return water channel I103 and the return water channel II203 is located between the sealing ring II9 and the sealing ring III10, thereby ensuring the sealing of the water channel between the powder nozzle base 1 and the powder nozzle inner core 2.

[0033] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, a gap exists between the inner wall of the powder nozzle housing 3 and the outer wall of the powder nozzle core 2, serving as a powder feeding channel II 16. This channel II 16 is located outside the lower portion of the spiral cooling water channel. Furthermore, in this first embodiment, a sealing ring V 13 is provided between the lower end surface of the powder nozzle base 1 and the upper end surface of the powder nozzle housing 3. This sealing ring V 13 ensures the sealing of the entire powder feeding channel.

[0034] Based on this, the first embodiment of the present invention can use the spiral cooling water channel composed of the water inlet spiral water channel 402 and the water return spiral water channel 403 to make the entire cooling structure have a longer stroke, fully extend the contact time between the coolant 12 and the heated components, and significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency; at the same time, the spiral flow channel design also enables the coolant 12 to evenly cover the inner core 2 of the powder nozzle and the surrounding area of the powder feeding channel, avoiding local overheating and effectively ensuring the stability and consistency of the powder 15 transportation in the powder feeding channel.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The second embodiment provides a laser cladding device, which includes the above-mentioned laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle, and can use the above-mentioned laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle to ensure the quality of the powder 15, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy and product quality of high-speed laser cladding.

[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle, comprising a powder nozzle inner core (2), a powder nozzle base (1) and a powder nozzle outer shell (3) being sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the powder nozzle inner core (2) from top to bottom, at least one powder feeding channel (101) running through the inner wall and outer wall of the powder nozzle base (1), a powder feeding channel I (14) being provided between the inner wall of the powder nozzle base (1) and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core (2), and a powder feeding channel II (16) being provided between the inner wall of the powder nozzle outer shell (3) and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core (2); characterized in that, The inner cavity of the powder nozzle inner core (2) is provided with a water-cooling inner core (4), and the outer wall of the water-cooling inner core (4) is provided with a water inlet channel III (401) and a water return channel III (404), the water inlet channel III (401) is connected to a water inlet joint (5), the water return channel III (404) is connected to a water return joint (6), and a spiral cooling water path is connected between the water inlet channel III (401) and the water return channel III (404), and the spiral cooling water path is located on the inner side of the powder feeding channel I (14) and the inner side of the powder feeding channel II (16).

2. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet channel III (401) and the water return channel III (404) are both arranged at the upper part of the water-cooled inner core (4), and the spiral cooling water path includes a water inlet spiral water path (402) and a water return spiral water path (403). The water inlet end of the water inlet spiral water path (402) is connected to the water inlet channel III (401), the water outlet end of the water inlet spiral water path (402) is connected to the water inlet end of the water return spiral water path (403) at the lower end of the water-cooled inner core (4), and the water outlet end of the water return spiral water path (403) is connected to the water return channel III (404).

3. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water inlet channel II (202) and a water return channel II (203) are passed through the inner wall and the outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core (2), and a water inlet channel I (102) and a water return channel I (103) are passed through the inner wall and the outer wall of the powder nozzle base (1); a water inlet connector (5) is installed at one end of the water inlet channel I (102), the other end of the water inlet channel I (102) is connected to one end of the water inlet channel II (202), and the other end of the water inlet channel II (202) is connected to the water inlet channel III (401); a water return connector (6) is installed at one end of the return channel I (103), the other end of the return channel I (103) is connected to one end of the return channel II (203), and the other end of the return channel II (203) is connected to the return channel III (404).

4. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring I (8) is provided between the upper end of the powder nozzle inner core (2) and the upper end of the water-cooling inner core (4), a sealing ring IV (11) is provided between the lower end of the powder nozzle inner core (2) and the lower end of the water-cooling inner core (4), and a spiral cooling water path is provided between the sealing ring I (8) and the sealing ring IV (11).

5. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring II (9) and a sealing ring III (10) are provided between the powder nozzle inner core (2) and the powder nozzle base (1); a connection between the water inlet channel I (102) and the water inlet channel II (202) is located between the sealing ring II (9) and the sealing ring III (10); and a connection between the water return channel I (103) and the water return channel II (203) is located between the sealing ring II (9) and the sealing ring III (10).

6. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring V (13) is provided between the lower end of the powder nozzle base (1) and the upper end of the powder nozzle housing (3).

7. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A powder inlet connector (7) is installed at one end of the powder inlet channel (101).

8. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light hole II (405) is passed through the middle of the water-cooled inner core (4), and a light hole I (201) is passed through the middle of the powder nozzle inner core (2), and the light hole I (201) and the light hole II (405) are coaxially arranged.

9. The laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the powder nozzle inner core (2) is provided with a powder leveling portion (204).

10. A laser cladding device, characterized in that: It comprises the laser cladding annular powder feeding nozzle according to any one of claims 1-9.

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