Alkylation catalyst particle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an alkylation catalyst particle which is a solid catalyst particle for preparing alkylaniline materials. The overall outer contour of the catalyst particle is in a petal shape, and the petal shape is circular arc-shaped; the individual petals are formed by overlapping three layers, and the central parts are mutually overlapped; the size of the single layer is gradually reduced from the bottommost layer to the topmost layer. On the premise of keeping the wear resistance requirement of catalyst particles, the outer specific surface area and reaction sites (steps) of an alkylation catalyst can be effectively increased, and the reaction efficiency and the product rate are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to catalyst particles, in particular to alkylation catalyst particles. Background Art

[0002] In organic synthetic chemistry, alkylation is an important transformation process that modifies the chemical structure and properties of organic molecules by introducing alkyl groups. In the preparation of alkylated products, the selection of catalysts and the optimization of their active sites are key research areas.

[0003] Traditional alkylation reactions often utilize metal catalysts, such as aluminum halides and aluminum alkyls. These catalysts accelerate the alkylation reaction by providing catalytically active sites and reducing the activation energy. However, traditional catalysts are often accompanied by the formation of byproducts and catalyst deactivation during the reaction, affecting product purity and yield.

[0004] In recent years, researchers have been committed to developing new catalysts to improve the efficiency and selectivity of alkylation reactions. The structure and properties of the catalyst's step active site, a key region in the catalytic reaction, have a significant impact on catalytic performance. Optimizing the design of the catalyst's step active site can enhance its adsorption capacity for reactants, improve catalytic activity, and reduce the formation of by-products. In alkylation reactions, selecting appropriate catalysts and optimizing their step active sites are crucial for improving reaction efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing environmental pollution, offering broader prospects for the application of alkylation reactions in organic synthesis. Utility Model Content

[0005] The primary technical problem addressed by this utility model is to improve the reactive sites of catalyst particles, thereby enhancing their high performance in alkylation processes. According to the principles of catalytic reactions, increasing reactive sites is a key factor in improving catalytic performance. To this end, the catalyst particles in this utility model are shaped like radiating petals, with individual petals formed by overlapping circular arcs of varying radii. Consequently, the catalyst particles in this utility model possess a greater number of stepped reactive sites.

[0006] The specific technical solutions of the utility model include:

[0007] An alkylation catalyst particle has an overall outer contour in the shape of a petal, and the petal shape is an arc; a single petal is composed of three stacked layers, and the central parts overlap each other; the size of the single layer gradually decreases from the bottom layer to the top layer.

[0008] Preferably, the catalyst particle size is 500-1000 nm, the number of the petals is six, and the sizes are uniform, and the overall shape is centrally symmetrical.

[0009] Preferably, the outer contour line of the central portion is approximately circular, with a radius R and a length of 50-100 nm.

[0010] Preferably, the center point of the individual petals is A, the distance from the edge of the petals to the center point A is the radius, and the radius is R 1-1 、R 1-2 、R 1-3 , R 2-1 、R 2-2 、R 2-3 , R 3-1 、R 3-2 、R 3-3 , R 4-1 、R 4-2 、R 4-3 , R 5-1 、R 5-2 、R 5-3 , R 6-1 、R 6-2 、R 6-3 .

[0011] Preferably, R 1-1 ≈R 2-1 ≈R 3-1 ≈R 4-1 ≈R 5-1 ≈R 6-1 ≈100~250nm; R 1-2 ≈R 2-2 ≈R 3-2 ≈R 4-2 ≈R 5-2 ≈R 6-2 ≈150~350nm; R 1-3 ≈R 2-3 ≈R 3-3 ≈R 4-3 ≈R 5-3 ≈R 6-3 ≈200~400nm.

[0012] Preferably, R 1-3 >R 1-2 >R 1-1 ; R 2-3 >R 2-2 >R 2-1 ; R 3-3 >R 3-2 >R 3-1 ; R 4-3 >R 4-2 >R 4-1 ; R 5-3 >R 5-2 >R 5-1 ; R 6-3 >R 6-2 >R 6-1.

[0013] Preferably, the catalyst particles have sufficient reactive sites to achieve efficient synthesis of alkylaniline materials.

[0014] On the basis of conforming to the common sense in this field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present utility model.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The alkylation catalyst particles adopt a layered petal-shaped morphology, exposing more stepped sites while increasing the surface area, greatly improving the reaction efficiency and product rate of the alkylation reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the catalyst particles of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an SEM image of the catalyst particles in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides an alkylation catalyst particle, the outer contour of the catalyst particle is in the shape of a petal as a whole, and the petal shape is an arc shape; a single petal is composed of three layers stacked together, and the central parts overlap each other; the size of the single layer gradually decreases from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the catalyst particle size is 500-1000nm. The number of petals is six, and the size is uniform. The overall shape is centrally symmetrical. The outer contour line of the central part is approximately circular, with a radius of R and a length of 50-100nm. The center point of the single petal is A, and the distance from the outermost edge of the petal to the center point A is the radius, and the radius is R in sequence. 1-1 、R 1-2 、R 1-3 , R 2-1 、R 2-2 、R 2-3 , R 3-1 、R 3-2 、R 3-3 , R 4-1 、R 4-2 、R 4-3 , R 5-1 、R 5-2 、R 5-3 , R 6-1 、R 6-2 、R6-3 ; R 1-1 ≈R 2-1 ≈R 3-1 ≈R 4-1 ≈R 5-1 ≈R 6-1 ≈100~250nm; R 1-2 ≈R 2-2 ≈R 3-2 ≈R 4-2 ≈R 5-2 ≈R 6-2 ≈150~350nm; R 1-3 ≈R 2-3 ≈R 3-3 ≈R 4-3 ≈R 5-3 ≈R 6-3 ≈200~400nm; R 1-3 >R 1-2 >R 1-1 ; R 2-3 >R 2-2 >R 2-1 ; R 3-3 >R 3-2 >R 3-1 ; R 4-3 >R 4-2 >R 4-1 ; R 5-3 >R 5-2 >R 5-1 ; R 6-3 >R 6-2 >R 6-1 .

[0021] The overall shape of the catalyst particles is a diverging petal shape, consisting of 6 petals. The petals are arc-shaped and arranged symmetrically from the center to the outside.

[0022] The overall size of the catalyst particles of the utility model is 500-1000nm, the radius of the central overlapping circle is R=50-100nm, and the radius of the arc-shaped petals is R x-x =100~400nm.

[0023] The alkylation catalyst particles have a distinct layered morphology, which increases the surface area and step active sites, effectively enhancing the reaction efficiency of the catalyst.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] The preparation method of the alkylation catalyst particles in this embodiment is as follows: first, 0.5g of tin chloride is dissolved in 0.2M sodium citrate solution, then 40mL of 2M sodium hydroxide solution is added, and the reaction is continued for 30 minutes; finally, the precursor after the reaction is calcined in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 2 hours to obtain the catalyst material. The structural diagram of the alkylation catalyst particles in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 1 The specific parameters and dimensions are shown in Table 1. The alkylation catalyst particles are composed of six circular arcs in the shape of petals, with an overall size of about 500 nm. The radius of the central overlapping circle is R = 60 nm, and R 1-1 =105nm, R 1-2 =145nm, R 1-3 =190nm, R 2-1 =103nm, R 2-2 =150nm, R 2-3 =198nm, R 3-1 =100nm, R 3-2 =150nm, R 3-3 =200nm, R 4-1 =104nm, R 4-2 =146nm, R 4-3 =195nm, R 5-1 =100nm, R 5-2 =142nm, R 5-3 =196nm, R 6-1 =105nm, R 6-2 =152nm, R 6-3 =203nm.

[0026] Example 2:

[0027] The preparation method of the alkylation catalyst particles in this example is as follows: first, 0.5g of copper chloride is dissolved in 0.2M citric acid solution, then 40mL of 2M sodium hydroxide solution is added and the reaction is continued for 30 minutes; finally, the precursor after the reaction is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600°C for 2 hours to obtain the catalyst material. The morphology of the alkylation catalyst particles in this example is shown in the electron microscopy image. Figure 2 The specific parameters and dimensions are shown in Table 1. The alkylation catalyst particles are composed of six circular arcs in the shape of petals, with an overall size of about 780nm, and the radius of the central overlapping circle is R = 85nm, R 1-1 =155nm, R 1-2 =225nm, R 1-3 =305nm, R 2-1 =163nm, R 2-2 =230nm, R 2-3 =308nm, R 3-1 =160nm, R 3-2=228nm, R 3-3 =312nm, R 4-1 =188nm, R 4-2 =264nm, R 4-3 =320nm, R 5-1 =118nm, R 5-2 =152nm, R 5-3 =216nm, R 6-1 =155nm, R 6-2 =232nm, R 6-3 =306nm.

[0028] Example 3:

[0029] The preparation method of the alkylation catalyst particles in this example is as follows: First, 0.5g of copper acetate is dissolved in 0.2M sodium citrate solution, followed by the addition of 40mL of 2M sodium hydroxide solution, and the reaction is continued for 30 minutes; finally, the precursor after the reaction is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600°C for 2 hours to obtain the catalyst material. The morphology of the alkylation catalyst particles in this example is shown in the electron microscopy image. Figure 2 The specific parameters and dimensions are shown in Table 1. The alkylation catalyst particles are composed of six circular arcs in the shape of petals, with an overall size of about 985nm, and the radius of the central overlapping circle is R = 98nm, R 1-1 =185nm, R 1-2 =284nm, R 1-3 =375nm, R 2-1 =193nm, R 2-2 =290nm, R 2-3 =398nm, R 3-1 =190nm, R 3-2 =293nm, R 3-3 =395nm, R 4-1 =184nm, R 4-2 =284nm, R 4-3 =395nm, R 5-1 =188nm, R 5-2 =285nm, R 5-3 =386nm, R 6-1 =192nm, R 6-2 =285nm, R 6-3 =388nm.

[0030] Table 1

[0031]

Claims

1. An alkylation catalyst particle, characterized in that: The overall outer contour of the catalyst particles is in the shape of petals, which are arc-shaped; a single petal is composed of three stacked layers, with the central parts overlapping each other; the size of the single layer gradually decreases from the bottom layer to the surface layer.

2. The alkylation catalyst particle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst particle size is between 500 and 1000 nm. The number of the petals is six, and the petals are uniform in size. The overall shape is centrally symmetrical.

3. The alkylation catalyst particle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer contour line of the central part is approximately circular, with a radius R and a length of 50-100 nm.

4. The alkylation catalyst particle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center point of the individual petal is A, the distance from the edge of the petal to the center point A is the radius, and the radius is R 1-1 、R 1-2 、R 1-3 , R 2-1 、R 2-2 、R 2-3 , R 3-1 、R 3-2 、R 3-3 , R 4-1 、R 4-2 、R 4-3 , R 5-1 、R 5-2 、R 5-3 , R 6-1 、R 6-2 、R 6-3 .

5. The alkylation catalyst particle according to claim 4, characterized in that: R 1-1 ≈R 2-1 ≈R 3-1 ≈R 4-1 ≈R 5-1 ≈R 6-1 ≈100~250nm;R 1-2 ≈R 2-2 ≈R 3-2 ≈R 4-2 ≈R 5-2 ≈R 6-2 ≈150~350nm;R 1-3 ≈R 2-3 ≈R 3-3 ≈R 4-3 ≈R 5-3 ≈R 6-3 ≈200~400nm。 6. The alkylation catalyst particle according to claim 4, characterized in that: R 1-3 >R 1-2 >R 1-1 ;R 2-3 >R 2-2 >R 2-1 ;R 3-3 >R 3-2 >R 3-1 ;R 4-3 >R 4-2 >R 4-1 ;R 5-3 >R 5-2 >R 5-1 ;R 6-3 >R 6-2 >R 6-1 。 7. The alkylation catalyst particle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The catalyst particles have sufficient reactive sites and can realize efficient synthesis of alkylaniline materials.

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