Perforation hole output profile simulation experiment device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development, and particularly relates to a perforation output profile simulation experiment device. The perforation hole output profile simulation experiment device comprises a shaft assembly and a simulation assembly, wherein the shaft assembly comprises at least one perforation hole formed in the side wall; the mixing pipe section is connected with the perforation hole; the gas conveying assembly and the liquid conveying assembly are arranged on the upstream portion of the mixing pipe section, the gas conveying assembly and the liquid conveying assembly convey gas and liquid into the mixing pipe section, and the gas and the liquid enter the shaft assembly after being mixed in the mixing pipe section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development, and in particular relates to a perforation output profile simulation experimental device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the application of temperature-based production profile testing technology dominated by distributed optical fiber has become increasingly widespread. However, there is still considerable controversy in the interpretation of production profiles through temperature drop effects in mine applications. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the temperature-based production profile testing technology by establishing a downhole perforation production profile simulation experimental system. Utility Model Content

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a perforation hole production profile simulation experiment device, which can perform simulation experiments on the downhole perforation hole production profile.

[0004] According to the utility model, a perforation output profile simulation experimental device is provided, comprising:

[0005] a wellbore assembly comprising at least one perforation hole disposed in the sidewall;

[0006] a mixing tube section connected to the perforation hole; and

[0007] A gas delivery assembly and a liquid delivery assembly are arranged upstream of the mixing pipe section, and the gas delivery assembly and the liquid delivery assembly respectively deliver gas and liquid into the mixing pipe section. The gas and liquid are mixed in the mixing pipe section and then enter the wellbore assembly.

[0008] In a specific embodiment, the wellbore assembly includes:

[0009] an inner barrel, the perforations being provided on a sidewall of the inner barrel; and

[0010] An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder, and a cavity is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder at a position corresponding to the perforation hole, and the mixing pipe section is connected to the perforation hole through the cavity.

[0011] After being mixed in the mixing pipe section, the gas and liquid sequentially pass through the cavity and the perforation holes and enter the inner barrel.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, a collecting assembly is connected to the axial end of the inner cylinder.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter are connected in the cavity, and a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter are connected at a position of the inner barrel corresponding to the perforation hole.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the mixing pipe section includes a mixer arranged at a front end, and the rear ends of the gas delivery component and the liquid delivery component are both connected to the mixer.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the mixing pipe section includes:

[0016] a heat preservation section, the rear end of which is connected to the perforation hole; and

[0017] The heating section is arranged at the front end of the heat preservation section.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the heating section includes:

[0019] a central tube, the central tube being in communication with the heat preservation section;

[0020] A heating mechanism disposed outside the central tube; and

[0021] A heat-insulating layer is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the central tube, and the heating mechanism is arranged between the heat-insulating layer and the central tube.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, temperature transmitters are provided on both the front and rear sides of the heating section.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the gas delivery assembly includes an air compressor, a gas storage tank, a gas flow control valve, a gas flow meter and a shut-off valve connected in sequence from front to back.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the liquid delivery assembly includes a water tank, a water pump, a liquid flow control valve, a liquid flow meter and a shut-off valve connected in sequence from front to back.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are as follows.

[0026] The utility model can simulate the flow parameters of the gas-liquid two-phase flow before and after the perforation eye under high-temperature conditions underground, including gas production, water production, pressure and temperature.

[0027] The utility model can calculate the temperature effect of the fluid after passing through the perforation hole through experimental simulation, and provide experimental data support for the theoretical calculation of the output profile test of the temperature drop method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a perforation hole production profile simulation experimental device according to the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 2A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wellbore assembly according to the present invention is shown.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 13. Wellbore assembly; 131. Connecting hole; 132. Perforation hole; 133. Inner cylinder; 134. Outer cylinder; 135. Cavity; 14. Collection assembly;

[0033] 9. First temperature transmitter; 901. Second temperature transmitter; 902. Third temperature transmitter; 903. Fourth temperature transmitter; 904. Fifth temperature transmitter; 905. Sixth temperature transmitter; 906. Seventh temperature transmitter; 907. Eighth temperature transmitter;

[0034] 10. First pressure transmitter; 101. Second pressure transmitter; 102. Third pressure transmitter; 104. Fourth pressure transmitter;

[0035] 20. Mixing pipe section; 8. Heating section; 801. Insulation layer; 802. Heating mechanism; 803. Central tube; 11. Insulation section; 12. Mixer;

[0036] 30. Gas delivery assembly; 1. Air compressor; 3. Gas storage tank; 5. First gas flow control valve; 502. Second gas flow control valve; 6. First gas flow meter; 602. Second gas flow meter; 7. First stop valve; 702. Second stop valve;

[0037] 40. Liquid delivery assembly; 2. Water tank; 4. Water pump; 501. First liquid flow control valve; 503. Second liquid flow control valve; 601. First liquid flow meter; 603. Second liquid flow meter; 701. Third stop valve; 703. Fourth stop valve;

[0038] 15. Control module;

[0039] 100. Experimental device for simulating the output profile of perforation holes.

[0040] In this application, all drawings are schematic drawings, which are only used to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this application, the direction of the fluid according to the present invention is described as "upstream", "front end" or similar terms, and the destination of the fluid is described as "downstream", "rear end" or similar terms.

[0043] It should be noted that the directional terms or qualifiers "upper", "lower", "left", "right" etc. used in this application are all relative to the referenced Figure 1 They are not intended to define the absolute positions of the components involved, but may vary depending on the specific situation.

[0044] Figure 1 The structure of the perforation hole production profile simulation experimental device 100 according to the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the perforation production profile simulation experimental device 100 includes a wellbore assembly 13, a mixing pipe section 20, a gas delivery assembly 30 and a liquid delivery assembly 40.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wellbore assembly 13 is used to simulate a perforation section of a wellbore, and the wellbore assembly 13 includes at least one perforation hole 132 disposed on a sidewall.

[0046] The gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40 are used to provide gas and liquid, respectively.

[0047] The mixing pipe section 20 is used to mix the gas and liquid provided by the gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40, thereby simulating a gas-liquid mixed fluid downhole.

[0048] The rear ends of the gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40 are both connected to the front end of the mixing pipe section 20, and the rear end of the mixing pipe section 20 is connected to the perforation hole 132. The gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40 respectively deliver gas and liquid into the mixing pipe section 20. After the gas and liquid are mixed in the mixing pipe section 20, they enter the wellbore assembly 13 through the perforation hole 132, thereby simulating the process of the underground gas-liquid mixed fluid entering the wellbore through the perforation section.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the wellbore assembly 13 includes an inner tube 133 and an outer tube 134 coaxially sleeved with each other.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, perforations 132 are provided on the sidewall of the outer cylinder 134, connecting the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 134 with the exterior. The outer cylinder 134 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder 133. A cavity 135 is formed by recesses on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 134 at locations corresponding to the perforations 132. Both axial ends of the cavity 135 are closed. Connecting holes 131 are provided on the sidewall of the outer cylinder 134 at locations corresponding to the cavity 135. In other words, cavity 135 communicates with the exterior of the outer cylinder 134 through the connecting holes 131, and with the interior of the inner cylinder 134 through the perforations 132. The rear end of the mixing tube section 20 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 134, and the mixing tube section 20 is connected to the connecting hole 131. Fluid within the mixing tube section 20 can enter the cavity 135 through the connecting hole 131, and then enter the interior of the inner cylinder 133 through the perforations 132. By providing the cavity 135 , the state of the gas-liquid mixed fluid in the well can be better simulated, so that the gas-liquid mixed fluid can better conform to the flow condition in the well.

[0051] Preferably, multiple cavities 135 are axially spaced apart on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 134. Accordingly, multiple connecting holes 131 corresponding to the cavities 135 are provided on the sidewall of the outer cylinder 134. At least one perforation hole 132 is provided on the sidewall of the inner cylinder 133 corresponding to each cavity 135. This arrangement enables simulation of multiple perforation sections in a downhole.

[0052] Furthermore, one axial end of the inner cylinder 133 is set to a closed state, and the other axial end of the inner cylinder 133 is connected to the collecting assembly 14. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the axial lower end of inner cylinder 133 is closed, and the axial upper end of inner cylinder 133 is connected to collection assembly 14 via a pipeline. Specifically, collection assembly 14 is a mobile can or other container. When the gas-liquid mixture passes through mixing tube section 20, connecting hole 131, cavity 135, and perforations 132 and enters the inner cavity of inner cylinder 133, due to the closed lower end of inner cylinder 133, the gas-liquid mixture flows upward along inner cylinder 133 and ultimately flows into collection assembly 14, thereby simulating the process of recovering oil and gas from the bottom of the well to the wellhead.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, a fifth shut-off valve 704 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the collecting assembly 14 and the inner cylinder 133 .

[0054] According to the present invention, a fourth pressure transmitter 903 and a first temperature transmitter 10 are connected within cavity 135 to monitor the pressure and temperature of the gas-liquid mixed fluid before it passes through the perforations 132. A seventh pressure transmitter 906 and a third temperature transmitter 102 are connected to the inner barrel 133 at locations corresponding to the perforations 132 to monitor the pressure and temperature of the gas-liquid mixed fluid after it passes through the perforations 132, providing experimental data support for theoretical calculations of production profile testing.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the mixing pipe section 20 includes a mixer 12, and the rear ends of the gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40 are connected to the mixer 12. The gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40 respectively deliver gas and liquid into the mixer 12, and the gas and liquid are mixed in the mixer 12 and then flow to the wellbore assembly 13.

[0056] Furthermore, mixing tube section 20 includes a heat preservation section 11 and a heating section 8. The heating section 8 is positioned downstream of the mixer 12, and the heat preservation section 11 is positioned downstream of the heating section 8. The rear end of the heat preservation section 11 is connected to the connection hole 131 of the outer tube 134. After mixing in the mixer 12, the gas and liquid flow through the heating section 8 for heating, and then flow into the wellbore assembly 13 while being kept warm by the heat preservation section 11. This arrangement can simulate high-temperature environments underground.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the heating section 8 and the heat preservation section 11 are coaxially arranged, and the central axis of the heat preservation section 11 is perpendicular to the central axis of the outer cylinder 134 .

[0058] In one specific embodiment, heating section 8 includes a central tube 803, a heating mechanism 802, and an insulation layer 801. Central tube 803 is connected upstream to mixer 12 and coaxially downstream to insulation section 11. Insulation layer 801 is made of an insulating material and wrapped around the outside of central tube 803. Heating mechanism 802 is disposed between central tube 803 and insulation layer 801. In this embodiment, heating mechanism 802 utilizes electric heating.

[0059] Furthermore, temperature transmitters are provided on both the front and rear sides of the heating section 8. Figure 1 As shown, the first temperature transmitter 9 is arranged between the heating section 8 and the mixer 12, and the third temperature transmitter 902 is arranged in the heat preservation section 11.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the gas delivery assembly 30 includes an air compressor 1, a gas storage tank 3, a gas flow control valve, a gas flow meter and a shut-off valve connected in sequence from front to back.

[0061] The liquid delivery assembly 40 includes a water tank 2, a water pump 4, a liquid flow control valve, a liquid flow meter and a stop valve which are sequentially connected from front to back.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the perforation production profile simulation experimental device 100 further includes a control module 15. The control module 15 is electrically connected to the gas flow control valve, the liquid flow control valve, and the heating mechanism 802, thereby enabling the control module 15 to automatically adjust the flow rates of the gas flow control valve and the liquid flow control valve, as well as the heating temperature of the fluid in the central pipe 803 by the heating mechanism 802.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the wellbore assembly 13 includes two perforated sections. That is, two cavities 135 are axially spaced apart on the inner wall of the outer barrel 134. A perforation hole 132 is provided on the sidewall of the inner barrel 133 corresponding to each cavity 135. The fourth temperature transmitter 903 and the first pressure transmitter 10 are disposed within the upper cavity 135. The seventh temperature transmitter 906 and the third temperature transmitter 102 are disposed within the inner barrel 133 corresponding to the perforation hole 132 in this cavity 135. The sixth temperature transmitter 905 and the second pressure transmitter 101 are disposed within the lower cavity 135. The eighth temperature transmitter 907 and the fourth temperature transmitter 103 are disposed within the inner barrel 133 corresponding to the perforation hole 132 in this cavity 135.

[0064] A connecting hole 131 is provided on the sidewall of the outer cylinder 134 corresponding to each cavity 135. Each connecting hole 131 is connected to a mixing tube segment 20. A third temperature transmitter 902 is installed in the insulation section 11 of the upper mixing tube segment 20, and a fifth temperature transmitter 904 is installed in the insulation section 11 of the lower mixing tube segment 20. A mixer 12 is installed upstream of each mixing tube segment 20. A first temperature transmitter 9 is installed between the heating section 8 of the upper mixing tube segment 20 and the mixer 12, and a second temperature transmitter 901 is installed between the heating section 8 of the lower mixing tube segment 20 and the mixer 12.

[0065] Two branches are provided downstream of the gas storage tank 3. The first branch is provided, from front to back, with a first gas flow control valve 5, a first gas flow meter 6, and a first shut-off valve 7. The second branch is provided, from front to back, with a second gas flow control valve 502, a second gas flow meter 602, and a second shut-off valve 702. Downstream of the first shut-off valve 7 and the second shut-off valve 702, two different mixers 12 are connected, respectively.

[0066] Two branches are provided downstream of the water pump 4. The first branch is provided, from front to back, with a first liquid flow control valve 501, a first liquid flow meter 601, and a third shut-off valve 701. The second branch is provided, from front to back, with a second liquid flow control valve 503, a second liquid flow meter 603, and a fourth shut-off valve 703. Downstream of the third shut-off valve 701 and the fourth shut-off valve 703, two different mixers 12 are connected, respectively.

[0067] Through the above arrangement, the upstream of each mixer 12 is simultaneously connected to the gas delivery assembly 30 and the liquid delivery assembly 40 to ensure the supply of gas and liquid.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the outermost layer of heating section 8 is an insulation layer 801, which provides thermal insulation. This layer utilizes vacuum insulation and aerogel insulation. Heating mechanism 802 heats the gas-liquid mixed fluid as it passes through central tube 803. In a preferred embodiment, central tube 803 is configured as a coil structure to improve heating efficiency.

[0069] The outer tube 133 and the inner tube 134 of the utility model are detachable and easy to replace. The outer tube 134 has a heat-insulating structure to prevent the heat in the wellbore from being lost.

[0070] The experimental process is as follows.

[0071] Air flow: The air compressor 1 injects high-pressure air into the air storage tank 3, and the gas volume is adjusted by the gas flow control valves 5 and 502. The air passes through the gas flow meters 6 and 602, the stop valves 7 and 702, and enters the mixer 12 to mix with the liquid. After being heated in the heating section 8, the air passes through the insulation section 11, the connecting hole 131, the cavity 135 and the perforation hole 132 in sequence to enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 133, and finally flows into the collection assembly 14.

[0072] Liquid flow process: The water in the water tank 2 is pressurized by the water pump 4, passes through the liquid flow control valves 501 and 503, enters the liquid flow meters 601 and 603 for metering, enters the mixer 12 to mix with the gas, and after being heated by the heating section 8, passes through the insulation section 11, the connecting hole 131, the cavity 135 and the perforation hole 132 in sequence to enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 133, and finally flows into the collection assembly 14.

[0073] The above-mentioned air flow process and liquid flow process can be executed separately to simulate the flow of gas or liquid separately, or they can be executed simultaneously to simulate the flow of gas-liquid mixed fluid.

[0074] Gas flowmeters 6 and 602 record gas flow Qg, and liquid flowmeters 601 and 603 record liquid flow Q lThe temperature T1 and pressure P1 at the front end of the perforation hole 132 are collected through the temperature transmitters 903, 905 and the pressure transmitters 10, 101, and the temperature T2 and pressure P2 at the rear end of the perforation hole 132 are collected through the temperature transmitters 906, 907 and the pressure transmitters 102, 103.

[0075] Calculate the pressure differential ΔP, temperature differential ΔT, and mass flow rate Qm before and after perforation 132. Organize the data from experimental conditions such as different inlet pressures and inlet temperatures, and plot the relationship between pressure differential, temperature differential, and flow rate. Use linear fitting or Levenberg-Marquard nonlinear fitting methods to fit the flow rate using temperature and pressure data, and establish a mathematical model describing the flow rate before and after the nozzle, temperature, and pressure:

[0076] Qm=f(ΔP,ΔT)

[0077] The utility model can carry out experiments with variable flow, variable temperature, variable pressure, variable perforation and variable inflow section under high temperature and high pressure environment.

[0078] Variable flow: The flow is controlled by gas flow control valves 5, 502 and liquid flow control valves 501, 503;

[0079] Temperature change: By acquiring the temperature data of the temperature transmitters 9 and 901 to 904, the heating section 8 is intelligently adjusted to achieve the temperature change function;

[0080] Variable pressure: Pressure regulation is achieved by controlling the outlet pressure of the gas storage tank 3 and the water pump 4, as well as the opening of the stop valves 7, 701, 702, 703, and 704.

[0081] Variable perforation: The inner cylinder 133 is detachable, and a variable perforation experiment can be achieved by replacing the inner cylinder 133 with perforations 132 of different sizes.

[0082] Variable inflow section: By controlling the opening and closing of the stop valves (7, 701, 702, 703, 704), the inlet can be switched arbitrarily.

[0083] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0084] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0085] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perforation production profile simulation experimental device, characterized in that: include: A wellbore assembly (13), the wellbore assembly (13) comprising at least one perforation hole (132) disposed on a sidewall; a mixing tube section (20) connected to the perforation hole (132); and A gas delivery assembly (30) and a liquid delivery assembly (40) are arranged upstream of the mixing pipe section (20). The gas delivery assembly (30) and the liquid delivery assembly (40) respectively deliver gas and liquid into the mixing pipe section (20). The gas and liquid are mixed in the mixing pipe section (20) and then enter the wellbore assembly (13).

2. The perforation output profile simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore assembly (13) comprises: an inner cylinder (133), wherein the perforation holes (132) are provided on a side wall of the inner cylinder (133); and An outer cylinder (134) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder (133), a cavity (135) is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (134) at a position corresponding to the perforation hole (132), and the mixing pipe section (20) is connected to the perforation hole (132) through the cavity (135). After being mixed in the mixing pipe section (20), the gas and liquid sequentially pass through the cavity (135) and the perforation holes (132) and enter the inner tube (133).

3. The perforation output profile simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A collecting assembly (14) is connected to the axial end of the inner cylinder (133).

4. The perforation output profile simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter are connected in the cavity (135), and a pressure transmitter and a temperature transmitter are connected at a position of the inner cylinder (133) corresponding to the perforation hole (132).

5. The perforation production profile simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The mixing pipe section (20) includes a mixer (12), and the rear ends of the gas delivery component (30) and the liquid delivery component (40) are both connected to the mixer (12).

6. The perforation output profile simulation experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mixing pipe section (20) comprises: a heat preservation section (11), the rear end of the heat preservation section (11) being connected to the perforation hole (132); and A heating section (8) is provided at the front end of the heat preservation section (11).

7. The perforation output profile simulation experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating section (8) comprises: a central tube (803), the central tube (803) being in communication with the heat-insulating section (11); a heating mechanism (802) disposed outside the central tube (803); and A heat-insulating layer (801) is coaxially arranged outside the central tube (803), and the heating mechanism (802) is arranged between the heat-insulating layer (801) and the central tube (803).

8. The perforation production profile simulation experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Temperature transmitters are provided on both the front and rear sides of the heating section (8).

9. The perforation production profile simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gas delivery assembly (30) comprises an air compressor (1), a gas storage tank (3), a gas flow control valve, a gas flow meter and a stop valve, which are connected in sequence from front to back.

10. The perforation production profile simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The liquid delivery assembly (40) comprises a water tank (2), a water pump (4), a liquid flow control valve, a liquid flow meter and a stop valve, which are sequentially connected from front to back.

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