Three-frequency microstrip antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-frequency microstrip antenna. The three-frequency microstrip antenna comprises a grounding plate, a dielectric plate attached and fixed to one side of the grounding plate, and a radiation unit arranged on the grounding plate and the dielectric plate. The radiation unit comprises a main branch knot which is formed on the grounding plate and extends to the dielectric plate. The first branch knot and the second branch knot are formed by extending two opposite sides of the main branch knot in opposite directions respectively; and the first clearance area and the second clearance area are formed by recessing one side, far away from the dielectric plate, of the grounding plate respectively and are spaced from each other. The three-frequency microstrip antenna designed by the utility model is simpler in structure, fewer in design parameters and smaller in size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communications, in particular to a triple-band microstrip antenna. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication technology, a method of communication that uses electromagnetic wave signals to propagate in free space to exchange information, is now widely used in various fields of information exchange. Short-range wireless communication technology has gradually become an indispensable branch of wireless communication technology, which has also led to its rapid development.

[0003] Short-range wireless communication technologies with higher frequencies and relatively wider applications include Bluetooth, wireless LAN, Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), ZigBee, radio frequency identification (RFID), near-field communication (NFC), and ultra-wideband (UWB). Because these technologies typically require devices to operate in dual or even triple frequency bands, the design of antennas for terminal devices in wireless communication systems is particularly important.

[0004] The triple-band microstrip antenna in the existing technology mainly includes a ground plate, a dielectric plate, a main resonant branch and three resonant branch nodes. Since this design method requires it to operate at three different operating frequencies, it is necessary to design three corresponding resonant branch nodes, which results in a relatively complex structure of the triple-band microstrip antenna, too many design parameters, and a large size. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a new triple-band microstrip antenna to solve the problem that the triple-band microstrip antenna in the existing technology needs to design three corresponding resonant branches, which leads to its relatively complex structure, too many design parameters and large size.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a triple-band microstrip antenna, which includes a ground plate, a dielectric plate attached to one side of the ground plate, and a radiation unit provided on the ground plate and the dielectric plate;

[0007] The radiation unit includes a main branch node formed on the ground plate and extending to the dielectric plate, a first branch node and a second branch node formed by extending in opposite directions on opposite sides of the main branch node, and a first clearance area and a second clearance area formed by being recessed on the side of the ground plate away from the dielectric plate and spaced apart from each other; the extension length of the first branch node is different from the extension length of the second branch node, the first branch node is fixed to the ground plate and the dielectric plate at the same time, the second branch node is completely fixed to the dielectric plate, the first clearance area and the first branch node are located on the same side of the main branch node, the second clearance area and the second branch node are located on the other same side of the main branch node, and the first clearance area and the second clearance area are respectively spaced apart from the main branch node.

[0008] Preferably, the first clearance area and the second clearance area are both parallel to the main branch and are symmetrically arranged relative to the main branch.

[0009] Preferably, the depths of the first clearance area and the second clearance area are both 0.2-13 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the first clearance area includes a first clearance gap and a second clearance gap that are parallel to and spaced apart from each other, the width of the first clearance gap and the second clearance gap are both 0.2-1 mm, and the distance between the first clearance gap and the second clearance gap is 0.2-2 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the second clearance area includes a third clearance gap and a fourth clearance gap spaced apart from each other, the width of the third clearance gap and the fourth clearance gap are both 0.2-1 mm, and the distance between the third clearance gap and the fourth clearance gap is 0.2-2 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the first clearance gap is less than or equal to the width of the second clearance gap, and the first clearance gap is closer to the main branch node than the second clearance gap; the width of the third clearance gap is less than or equal to the width of the fourth clearance gap, and the third clearance gap is closer to the main branch node than the fourth clearance gap.

[0013] Preferably, the first branch node includes a first branch node formed by extending vertically outward from one side of the main branch node and a second branch node formed by bending and extending from one end of the first branch node away from the main branch node. The first branch node is fixed to the grounding plate and the dielectric plate at the same time, and the second branch node is perpendicular to the first branch node and extends in a direction away from the grounding plate.

[0014] Preferably, the second branch node includes a third branch node formed by extending vertically outward from the other side of the main branch node and a fourth branch node formed by bending and extending from one end of the third branch node away from the main branch node, and the fourth branch node is perpendicular to the third branch node and extends in a direction away from the grounding plate.

[0015] Preferably, the dielectric board is a FR-4 dielectric board.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the triple-band microstrip antenna in the present invention is designed with two branch nodes and cooperates with the opening of a first clearance area and a second clearance area on the ground plate, so that the triple-band microstrip antenna can operate at three different operating frequencies. Moreover, since one branch node is reduced, the structure of the triple-band microstrip antenna can be simpler, the design parameters are reduced, and the size is smaller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The above and other aspects of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the detailed description made with reference to the following drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of a dual-band microstrip monopole antenna provided by the prior art;

[0019] Figure 2 A reflection coefficient simulation curve diagram of a dual-band microstrip monopole antenna provided by the prior art;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front schematic diagram of a triple-band microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 A reflection coefficient simulation curve diagram of the triple-band microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 A voltage standing wave ratio characteristic curve diagram of the triple-band microstrip antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 The directional pattern of the triple-band microstrip antenna provided in the embodiment of the present utility model at 2.5 GHz;

[0024] Figure 7 The directional pattern of the triple-band microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model at 3.5 GHz;

[0025] Figure 8 The directional pattern of the triple-band microstrip antenna provided in the embodiment of the utility model at 5.2 GHz;

[0026] Figure 9A diagram showing the effect of different lengths of the second branch on the reflection coefficient in a triple-band microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 10 A diagram showing the effect of different lengths of the fourth branch on the reflection coefficient in a triple-band microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the influence of different distances from the main branch to the fourth clear space on the reflection coefficient in the triple-band microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 100, a three-band microstrip antenna; 1, a ground plane; 2, a dielectric plate; 3, a radiation unit; 31, a main branch; 32, a first branch; 321, a first branch; 322, a second branch; 33, a second branch; 331, a third branch; 332, a fourth branch; 34, a first clearance area; 341, a first clearance gap; 342, a second clearance gap; 35, a second clearance area; 351, a third clearance gap; 352, a fourth clearance gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0031] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention provides a triple-band microstrip antenna 100, Figure 3 As shown, it includes a ground plate 1, a dielectric plate 2 attached and fixed to one side of the ground plate 1, and a radiation unit 3 provided on the ground plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2.

[0034] The triple-band microstrip antenna 100 is also called a triple-band monopole microstrip antenna, and the dielectric plate 2 is an FR-4 dielectric plate 2. Of course, according to actual needs, the dielectric plate 2 can also be made of similar materials.

[0035] Specifically, the radiation unit 3 includes a main branch node 31 formed on the ground plate 1 and extending to the dielectric plate 2, a first branch node 32 and a second branch node 33 formed by extending in opposite directions on opposite sides of the main branch node 31, and a first clearance area 34 and a second clearance area 35 formed by being recessed on the side of the ground plate 1 away from the dielectric plate 2 and spaced apart from each other; the extension length of the first branch node 32 and the extension length of the second branch node 33 are different, the first branch node 32 is fixed to the ground plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2 at the same time, and the second branch node 33 is completely fixed to the dielectric plate 2, the first clearance area 34 and the first branch node 32 are located on the same side of the main branch node 31, the second clearance area 35 and the second branch node 33 are located on the other same side of the main branch node 31, and the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 are respectively spaced apart from the main branch node 31.

[0036] Among them, the first branch node 32 includes a first branch node 321 formed by extending vertically outward from one side of the main branch node 31 and a second branch node 322 formed by bending and extending from one end of the first branch node 321 away from the main branch node 31. The first branch node 321 is fixed to the ground plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2 at the same time, and the second branch node 322 is perpendicular to the first branch node 321 and extends in the direction away from the ground plate 1.

[0037] The second branch node 33 includes a third branch node 331 formed by extending vertically outward from the other side of the main branch node 31 and a fourth branch node 332 formed by bending and extending from one end of the third branch node 331 away from the main branch node 31. The fourth branch node 332 is perpendicular to the third branch node 331 and extends in a direction away from the ground plate 1.

[0038] The first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 are parallel to the main branch and are symmetrically arranged relative to the main branch 31. Of course, according to actual needs, the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 can also be asymmetrically arranged relative to the main branch 31.

[0039] The depths of the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 are both 0.2-13 mm, which is the depth of the depression of the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 ; preferably, the depths of the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 are both 11 mm.

[0040] The first clearance area 34 includes a first clearance gap 341 and a second clearance gap 342 spaced apart from each other. The widths of the first clearance gap 341 and the second clearance gap 342 are both 0.2-1 mm, and the distance between the first clearance gap 341 and the second clearance gap 342 is 0.2-2 mm.

[0041] In this embodiment, the width of the first clearance gap 341 is smaller than the width of the second clearance gap 342, and the first clearance gap 341 is closer to the main branch 31 than the second clearance gap 342. The width of the first clearance gap 341 is 0.4 mm, and the width of the second clearance gap 342 is 0.6 mm. Of course, the width of the first clearance gap 341 can also be equal to or greater than the width of the second clearance gap 342 according to actual needs.

[0042] The second clearance area 35 includes a third clearance gap 351 and a fourth clearance gap 352 spaced apart from each other. The width of the third clearance gap 351 and the fourth clearance gap 352 are both 0.2-1 mm, and the distance between the third clearance gap 351 and the fourth clearance gap 352 is 0.2-2 mm.

[0043] In this embodiment, the width of the third clearance gap 351 is less than or equal to the width of the fourth clearance gap 352, and the third clearance gap 351 is closer to the main branch 31 than the fourth clearance gap 352. The width of the third clearance gap 351 is 0.4 mm, and the width of the fourth clearance gap 352 is 0.6 mm. Of course, the width of the third clearance gap 351 can also be equal to or greater than the width of the fourth clearance gap 352 according to actual needs.

[0044] The first clear space 341 , the second clear space 342 , the third clear space 351 and the fourth clear space 352 are all grooves or fractures.

[0045] In this embodiment, the extension length of the first branch node 32 of the three-band microstrip antenna 100 is smaller than the extension length of the second branch node 33, which is equivalent to the extension length of the first branch node 321 being smaller than the extension length of the third branch node 331 and / or the extension length of the second branch node 322 being smaller than the extension length of the fourth branch node 332. In this way, the length of the first branch node 32 is the shortest, and the effective current path on its surface is the shortest, so it corresponds to the high-frequency resonance point. The length of the second branch node 33 is the longest, and the effective current path on its surface is the longest, so it corresponds to the low-frequency resonance point; the groove depths of the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 24 are both in the middle relative to the length of the first branch node 32 and the length of the second branch node 33, and the effective current path on its surface is also in the middle, so it corresponds to the medium-frequency resonance point.

[0046] Combine Figure 1 As shown, the dual-band microstrip monopole antenna 200 in the prior art includes a ground plate 201, a dielectric plate 202, a main branch 203, a first branch 204, and a second branch 205; wherein the material used for the dielectric plate 202 (dielectric layer) is Rogers RO4003C high-frequency plate (abbreviated as Rogers RO4003), which has a relative dielectric constant of 3.38, a loss tangent of 0.0027, and a size of 40*40*1.52mm, and has two resonant branches; combined Figure 2 As shown, the dual-band microstrip monopole antenna in the prior art works in the IEEE802.11a and 802.11b frequency bands. In the 802.11a (i.e. 5.15GHz-5.825GHz) frequency band, S 11 (Reflection coefficient) is less than -14dB, that is, in the 2.4GHz-2.4825GHz) frequency band, S 11 Less than -10dB, in the 802.11b (i.e. 2.4GHz-2.4825GHz) frequency band, S 11 Less than -10dB, but in the 3.4GHz-3.7GHz band, S 11 Greater than -10dB, tri-band operation is not achieved.

[0047] Combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the tri-band microstrip antenna 100 generates a resonance at 2.54 GHz, 3.57 GHz and 5.17 GHz respectively, and the return losses of the three resonance points are -32 dB, -22 dB and -29 dB respectively. In addition, the tri-band microstrip antenna 100 has a high sensitivity and low power consumption in the three frequency bands of 2.43 GHz to 2.69 GHz, 3.42 GHz to 4.50 GHz and 4.49 GHz to 6.23 GHz. 11All are less than -10dB, and the bandwidths are 0.24GHz, 1.06GHz and 1.54GHz respectively, all within the application frequency of WLAN / WIMAX; at the same time, the standing wave ratio at the three resonant points is less than 2, and within the application frequency band, the standing wave ratio is also less than 2, which basically meets the requirements of engineering design.

[0048] Assume that a plane has a base point, an X-axis extending horizontally from the base point, a Y-axis extending longitudinally from the base point, and a Z-axis extending from the base point, and the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are arranged perpendicular to each other; place the triple-band microstrip antenna 100 on the XOY plane, then the position of the E plane is the YOZ plane, the position of the H plane is the XOZ plane, Figures 6 and 7 The directional pattern of the triple-band microstrip antenna is 100φ=0°,θ=-180°~180°. Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1, when the resonant frequency is 2.5 GHz, the pattern gain reaches 1.58 dB, and both the E and H surfaces of the antenna are approximately splayed radiation; Figure 7 As shown in Figure 1, when the resonant frequency is 2.5 GHz, the pattern gain reaches 1.58 dB, and both the E and H surfaces of the antenna are approximately splayed radiation; Figure 8 As shown in FIG, when the resonant frequency is 5.2 GHz, the pattern gain reaches 2.86 dB, and both the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna radiate approximately in a figure-eight shape.

[0049] The length of the second branch 322 is set to Ib21, the length of the fourth branch 332 is set to Ib11, and the distance from the main branch 31 to the fourth clearance gap 352 away from the main branch 31 is set to t1. Figure 9 As shown, it can be concluded that for the medium and high frequency bands, as the length of the second branch 322 increases, the resonant frequency of the three-band microstrip antenna 100 becomes lower and lower, and the two are inversely proportional; Figure 10 As shown, it can be concluded that for the low frequency band, as the length of the fourth branch 332 increases, the resonant frequency becomes lower and lower, in an inversely proportional relationship; combined with Figure 11 As shown, it can be concluded that the change in the distance between the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35 has the greatest impact on the mid-frequency band. It can be seen from its electric field strength diagram that the radiation in the mid-frequency band is mainly generated by the slot radiation of the first clearance area 34 and the second clearance area 35.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the triple-band microstrip antenna 100 of the present invention improves the material of the dielectric plate 2, designs two branch nodes, and cooperates with the opening of a first clearance area 34 and a second clearance area 35 on the ground plate 1. In this way, the triple-band microstrip antenna 100 can operate at three different operating frequencies. Moreover, since one branch node is eliminated, the structure of the triple-band microstrip antenna 100 is simpler, the design parameters are reduced, and the size is smaller.

[0051] It should be noted that the various embodiments described above with reference to the accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, unless the context otherwise requires, words appearing in the singular include the plural form, and vice versa. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, all or part of any embodiment may be used in combination with all or part of any other embodiment.

Claims

1. A triple-band microstrip antenna, characterized in that: The triple-band microstrip antenna includes a ground plate, a dielectric plate attached to one side of the ground plate, and a radiation unit provided on the ground plate and the dielectric plate; The radiation unit includes a main branch node formed on the ground plate and extending to the dielectric plate, a first branch node and a second branch node formed by extending in opposite directions on opposite sides of the main branch node, and a first clearance area and a second clearance area formed by being recessed on the side of the ground plate away from the dielectric plate and spaced apart from each other; the extension length of the first branch node and the extension length of the second branch node are different, the first branch node is fixed to the ground plate and the dielectric plate at the same time, the second branch node is completely fixed to the dielectric plate, the first clearance area and the first branch node are located on the same side of the main branch node, the second clearance area and the second branch node are located on the other same side of the main branch node, and the first clearance area and the second clearance area are respectively spaced apart from the main branch node.

2. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first clearance area and the second clearance area are both parallel to the main branch and are symmetrically arranged relative to the main branch.

3. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The depths of the first clearance area and the second clearance area are both 0.2-13 mm.

4. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The first clearance area includes a first clearance gap and a second clearance gap that are parallel to and spaced apart from each other. The width of the first clearance gap and the second clearance gap are both 0.2-1 mm, and the distance between the first clearance gap and the second clearance gap is 0.2-2 mm.

5. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 4, wherein: The second clearance area includes a third clearance gap and a fourth clearance gap spaced apart from each other. The width of the third clearance gap and the fourth clearance gap are both 0.2-1 mm, and the distance between the third clearance gap and the fourth clearance gap is 0.2-2 mm.

6. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The width of the first clearance gap is less than or equal to the width of the second clearance gap, and the first clearance gap is closer to the main branch node than the second clearance gap; the width of the third clearance gap is less than or equal to the width of the fourth clearance gap, and the third clearance gap is closer to the main branch node than the fourth clearance gap.

7. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first branch node includes a first branch node formed by extending vertically outward from one side of the main branch node and a second branch node formed by bending and extending from one end of the first branch node away from the main branch node. The first branch node is fixed to the ground plate and the dielectric plate at the same time, and the second branch node is perpendicular to the first branch node and extends away from the ground plate.

8. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The second branch node includes a third branch node formed by extending vertically outward from the other side of the main branch node and a fourth branch node formed by bending and extending from one end of the third branch node away from the main branch node. The fourth branch node is perpendicular to the third branch node and extends away from the grounding plate.

9. The triple-band microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The dielectric board is a FR-4 dielectric board.

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