Fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device, which relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment and is formed by connecting a feeding mechanism, a thermal desorption mechanism and a tail gas treatment mechanism. Fly ash materials are subjected to preliminary crushing treatment through a piston component and an extrusion component in the feeding mechanism and then enter the thermal desorption mechanism to be subjected to pyrolysis desorption, after pyrolysis desorption is completed, fly ash powder is poured out from a discharging port, and waste gas enters the tail gas treatment mechanism to be subjected to harmless treatment. Aiming at the situation that fly ash is easy to harden, but the existing pyrolysis desorption mechanism does not carry out pretreatment on fly ash materials to directly carry out pyrolysis desorption, so that the efficiency is relatively low, the fly ash materials are subjected to secondary pre-crushing in advance at the feeding mechanism; in the thermal desorption chamber, the retention time of materials which are not completely pyrolyzed and desorbed in the thermal desorption chamber can be prolonged, and the fly ash pyrolyzing and desorbing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, in particular to a fly ash low-temperature thermal desorption device. Background Art

[0002] To reduce land pressure and increase solid waste utilization, many countries around the world are encouraging incineration as a preferred alternative to landfilling in the current era of rapid economic and industrial development. Incineration not only effectively reduces the volume of domestic waste but also converts it into energy. However, incineration currently poses many environmental problems. The fly ash produced after incineration contains large amounts of heavy metals and dioxins. Dioxins are a class of persistent organic pollutants that include polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Dioxins are extremely chemically stable and have strong toxic and teratogenic properties. Therefore, a method to degrade dioxins is urgently needed.

[0003] Compared with other methods for degrading dioxins from fly ash, low-temperature thermal desorption technology is more aligned with the need for "low-carbon emissions reduction." However, existing low-temperature thermal desorption equipment is still in the final testing phase. It suffers from inconveniences associated with manual feeding, poor processing efficiency, and a lack of pre-crushing of fly ash during feeding. Consequently, the pyrolysis of these organic pollutants requires the fly ash to remain in the heating chamber for a longer period of time to fully decompose, consuming more energy.

[0004] For example, the "Device for Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Dioxins from Municipal Waste Incineration Fly Ash Using Brick Kiln Waste Heat" disclosed in publication number CN215879210U uses a conveyor belt to transport fly ash from a fly ash tank to a fly ash hopper. From the hopper, the fly ash enters a heated metal pipe and then a pyrolysis desorption chamber. Because the fly ash tends to compact during storage, forming large lumps, the thermal decomposition efficiency of harmful organic matter is significantly reduced, resulting in incomplete decomposition. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the utility model provides a low-temperature thermal desorption device for fly ash, which pre-crushes the fly ash through a piston component with an arc-shaped scraper blade, and sends the fly ash from the storage bin into the feed bin through a feed channel. The extrusion component in the feed bin cooperates with the filter plate to perform secondary crushing on the block fly ash. The fly ash that has been pre-crushed twice enters the feed pipe and enters the thermal desorption mechanism to undergo thermal decomposition of organic matter. After the organic matter is decomposed, the fly ash will be further crushed into finer particles and finally discharged from the discharge port to wait for the next step of utilization. The exhaust gas generated during the decomposition of the organic matter will be discharged into the exhaust gas treatment mechanism through the exhaust pipe.

[0006] The utility model achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0007] A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device comprises a thermal desorption mechanism, one end of which is connected to a feeding mechanism, and the other end of which is connected to a tail gas treatment mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a storage bin and a feeding bin.

[0009] Furthermore, the storage bin is connected to the feed bin via a feed channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the storage bin is connected to a pushing component.

[0011] Preferably, there is an extrusion component inside the feed bin.

[0012] Preferably, a filter disc is installed at the bottom of the feed bin.

[0013] Furthermore, the pushing assembly is composed of a piston component and a driving component in transmission connection.

[0014] Preferably, the piston component is connected to the piston push plate by the piston outer cylinder, the driving component is connected to the turntable by the motor, the turntable is equipped with a pin, the pin is hinged to the rocker arm, and the rocker arm is connected to the connecting rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, the driving component is selected to be a pneumatic cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, the piston push plate of the piston component is connected to the connecting rod.

[0017] Preferably, the piston push plate is fixedly connected to the connecting rod to realize the horizontal movement of the piston component driven by the motor, and the area of the piston push plate is larger than the area of the feed channel.

[0018] Furthermore, a slide rail is provided at the bottom of the storage bin of the feeding mechanism, one end of the slide rail is located at the port where the feeding channel is connected to the storage bin, and the other end extends through the storage bin to the outside of the storage bin.

[0019] Preferably, a pulley is installed at the bottom of the piston component; the pulley is installed in cooperation with the slide rail, and the pulley can slide on the track of the slide rail.

[0020] Preferably, a multi-layer arc scraper blade is provided at one end of the upper portion of the piston component close to the feed channel, and each layer of arc scraper blades is provided with a plurality of arc scraper blades, with the cutting edges of the arc scraper blades facing the feed channel.

[0021] Preferably, the height of the arc-shaped scraper blade is higher than the height of the opening connecting the piston component and the storage bin, and the arc-shaped scraper blade can also serve as a limiting structure for the movement of the piston component.

[0022] Preferably, the length of the piston component is greater than the distance from the storage bin opening to the connection position between the feed channel and the storage bin, which can ensure that the piston component is always located between the storage bin and the external space, and avoid fly ash leaking from the storage bin opening into the general environment and causing pollution due to the piston component being too short.

[0023] Furthermore, the extrusion component is located above the filter disc, and the extrusion component is connected to an external controller PLC, and the movement of the extrusion component is controlled by the PLC.

[0024] Preferably, the PLC controls the motor, which is connected to the extrusion component through a transmission structure similar to that connected to the piston component. The PLC controls the rotation of the motor to achieve motion control of the extrusion component.

[0025] Preferably, a plurality of extrusion teeth are distributed on the bottom of the extrusion component.

[0026] Preferably, a plurality of extrusion holes are distributed on the filter disc.

[0027] Preferably, the diameter of the extrusion hole is selected between 1 and 3 cm.

[0028] Preferably, the extrusion teeth and the extrusion holes cooperate with each other.

[0029] Preferably, the diameter of the extrusion teeth is smaller than the aperture of the extrusion holes on the filter disc.

[0030] In some embodiments, the extrusion component has a limit, and the extrusion component performs a feeding movement in the vertical direction inside the feed bin.

[0031] Furthermore, a support block is provided below the filter disc, and the filter disc is connected to the feed pipe through the support block.

[0032] Preferably, the support block has a sealing function and is located in the gap between the feed pipe and the feed bin to prevent fly ash from falling into the gap and making it difficult to clean.

[0033] Furthermore, the upper portion of the feed pipe is vertical, and the lower portion is connected to the thermal desorption mechanism in a curved manner.

[0034] Preferably, the outlet of the feed pipe and the feed port of the thermal desorption mechanism are hinged and sealed.

[0035] Furthermore, the thermal desorption mechanism is provided with a thermal desorption cylinder, one end of which is provided with a gear ring, the gear ring is connected to a chain, and the thermal desorption cylinder is connected to the motor through the engagement of the gear ring and the chain.

[0036] Furthermore, when the motor drives the pyrolysis desorption cylinder to rotate, the pyrolysis desorption cylinder is stationary relative to the feed pipe. Since the pyrolysis desorption cylinder remains sealed with the feed pipe, fly ash will not return from the pyrolysis desorption cylinder through the feed pipe to the feed bin or even the environment.

[0037] Preferably, the outermost layer of the thermal desorption mechanism is provided with a heating furnace, and the heating furnace does not rotate along with the thermal desorption cylinder.

[0038] Preferably, a plurality of sieve plates are provided inside the thermal desorption cylinder, and the holes of the sieve plates are arranged in a sparse and dense manner. The holes near the periphery of the sieve plates are dense holes, and the holes near the center of the sieve plates are sparse holes. The sieve plates divide the thermal desorption cylinder into a plurality of thermal desorption intervals, and the thermal desorption intervals are arranged in order.

[0039] Preferably, the aperture of the front sieve plate is larger than the aperture of the rear sieve plate.

[0040] Preferably, a plurality of long iron sheets are regularly arranged in the thermal desorption zone.

[0041] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided at the lower portion of one end of the thermal desorption mechanism connected to the tail gas treatment mechanism.

[0042] Preferably, the discharge port is provided with a discharge cover to prevent dust caused by the discharge.

[0043] Preferably, the discharge port is equipped with a discharge rotary valve.

[0044] Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment mechanism is connected to the thermal desorption cylinder through an exhaust gas pipeline.

[0045] The utility model has the following gain effects:

[0046] The parts of the utility model involving the transportation of fly ash are all kept airtight, and by adding an arc-shaped scraper blade to the upper end of the piston component, it is possible to achieve preliminary cutting of the fly ash that is compacted together and in block form in the storage bin. After being transported to the feed bin, the fly ash blocks are squeezed by the extrusion component in conjunction with the filter disc, allowing them to enter the feed pipe. After being squeezed, the fly ash blocks are further broken up, and the size of the fly ash blocks is reduced again. The efficiency of the subsequent thermal desorption of organic pollutants such as dioxins and furans, especially dioxins, in the thermal desorption mechanism is greatly improved. By setting up the feed bin and the storage bin separately, the sealing is guaranteed during the feeding process, and the leakage of untreated fly ash to pollute the environment is avoided. In the thermal desorption mechanism, by setting up a number of sieve discs with holes arranged in a sparse and dense manner, materials with a particle size larger than the aperture of the sieve disc can continue to remain in the current thermal desorption interval and continue to be thermally decomposed. Only when the particle size is smaller than the aperture of the sieve disc can it enter the next thermal desorption interval. The aperture of the first sieve plate is larger than that of the second. This arrangement ensures a more thorough thermal decomposition of organic pollutants such as dioxins and furans in the fly ash. The exhaust gas generated during the thermal desorption process is discharged through an exhaust pipe into the exhaust gas treatment system, preventing it from being released into the environment, thus promoting environmental protection. The decontaminated fly ash is then discharged from the discharge port and collected for future resource utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the push component structure of the utility model.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston outer cylinder of the utility model.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal desorption cylinder of the utility model.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sieve plate structure of the utility model.

[0053] In the figure, 1-feeding mechanism, 11-storage bin, 111-slide rail, 12-feeding bin, 121-feeding channel, 122-extrusion component, 1221-connecting rod, 1222-pin shaft, 1223-extrusion tooth, 123-support block, 124-filter plate, 1241-extrusion hole, 13-pushing assembly, 131-piston outer cylinder, 1311-arc scraper blade, 1312-pulley, 132-piston push plate, 133-motor, 134-turntable, 135-pin shaft, 13 6-swing rod, 137-connecting rod, 14-feed pipe, 2-thermal desorption mechanism, 21-chain, 22-motor, 23-thermal desorption cylinder, 231-gear ring, 232-discharge port, 233-iron sheet, 234-first sieve plate, 2341-dense holes, 2342-sparse holes, 235-second sieve plate, 236-first thermal desorption zone, 237-second thermal desorption zone, 238-third thermal desorption zone, 24-heating furnace, 3-exhaust gas treatment mechanism, 31-exhaust gas pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention. The terms "install", "connect", "fix", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a direct connection, it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components; for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the device is composed of a feeding mechanism 1, a thermal desorption mechanism 2 and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism 3 connected together.

[0058] The material storage bin 11 of the feeding mechanism 1 is connected to the push assembly 13. The push assembly is driven by a motor 133 and a turntable 134 via a belt drive, transmitting the motion output by the motor 133 to the turntable 134. A pin 135 is mounted on the turntable 134, and a rocker 136 is mounted on the pin 135. The rocker 136 is driven by the pin 135 to swing. One end of a connecting rod 137 is hinged to the rocker 136, and the other end of the connecting rod 137 is fixedly connected to the piston push plate 132 of the piston assembly, maintaining the connecting rod 137 horizontally.

[0059] The piston push plate 132 is mounted on one end of the piston outer cylinder 131 close to the feed channel 121 , and the area of the piston push plate 132 is larger than the area of the feed channel 121 .

[0060] Two rows of arc-shaped scraper blades 1311 are installed above the piston outer cylinder 131, and five arc-shaped scraper blades 1311 are evenly spaced on each row. The arc-shaped scraper blades are installed at the upper part of the piston outer cylinder 131 and inside the storage bin 11. The arc-shaped scraper blades 1311 are also the movement limiting mechanism of the piston component, which can prevent the piston component from moving out of the storage bin 11 when the piston component moves back.

[0061] The design of piston outer cylinder 131 is crucial. Its length is greater than the bottom of storage bin 11. This clever design prevents upper-layer material from falling into the area behind the piston during operation, thereby avoiding interference with the subsequent material feeding process. This design ensures the continuity and uniformity of material flow, improving the operating efficiency of the entire system.

[0062] The bottom of the piston outer cylinder 131 is specially designed with two rows of five pulleys 1312. These pulleys not only provide support but also reduce friction between the piston outer cylinder and the bottom of the storage bin 11, allowing the piston assembly to move smoothly within the storage bin. Slide rails 111 are provided at the bottom of the storage bin 11 and its outward extension. These slide rails and pulleys 1312 work together to form an efficient guide system, ensuring the stable operation of the piston assembly within the storage bin.

[0063] The storage bin 11 and the feed bin 12 are arranged in parallel and connected by a feed channel 121, forming a smooth material transmission path. Fly ash materials can smoothly enter the feed bin 12 from the storage bin 11 through this channel, realizing an orderly transfer of materials.

[0064] Inside the feed bin 12, a key component, extrusion element 122, is installed. This is responsible for further compacting the material. The movement of extrusion element 122 is precisely controlled by a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), ensuring automated and precise operation. A motor connected to extrusion element 122 via a transmission element enables the extrusion element to move up and down within the feed bin 12. This design allows for flexible adjustment of the extrusion process.

[0065] The bottom of the extrusion component 122 is designed with extrusion teeth 1223, which work in conjunction with the extrusion holes 1241 in the filter disc 124. The diameter of the extrusion holes 1241 is preferably 1.5 cm, which is designed to control the particle size of the material after passing through the filter disc, thereby improving the thermal desorption efficiency of the material in the subsequent thermal desorption mechanism 2. The diameter of the extrusion teeth 1223 is designed to be smaller than the extrusion holes 1241, ensuring smooth passage of the material during the extrusion process while maintaining the uniformity and consistency of the material.

[0066] Filter disc 124 is located at the bottom of feed bin 12, with feed conduit 14 located below it. This conduit 14 not only serves as a channel for material transport but also connects feed bin 12 to thermal desorption mechanism 2. Feed conduit 14 is cleverly positioned within the downwardly extending channel of feed bin 12, maintaining a certain gap between the channel and the feed conduit. This gap serves a dual purpose.

[0067] First, support blocks 123 are installed in the gap, playing a crucial supporting role. They support the filter discs 124 and prevent them from coming into direct contact with the feed pipe 14 due to forces applied during the feed process. Such direct contact could cause the feed pipe 14 to experience significant forces and deformation, potentially compromising the pipe's structural integrity and the sealing of the feed process, impacting the performance of the entire fly ash pyrolysis desorption device.

[0068] Secondly, support blocks 123 also function as seals, installed between the channel and the gap between the feed pipe 14. This clamping installation not only ensures the stability of the feed pipe 14 but also enhances the sealing performance of the entire system. The sealing provided by support blocks 123 effectively prevents material leakage during transportation.

[0069] In addition, the design and material selection of the support block 123 are also very important. It needs to have sufficient strength and durability to withstand long-term use and the weight of the material.

[0070] The feed channel 14 ensures a smooth transition of the material from the feed bin 12 to the thermal desorption mechanism 2. The upper portion of the channel is designed to be vertical, which helps the material fall directly under the action of gravity, reducing the power requirement during the conveying process and facilitating the monitoring and control of the material flow.

[0071] When the feed channel 14 reaches its designated position, its lower portion bends 90° to connect to the thermal desorption mechanism 2. This design not only saves space but also makes the material transfer path more compact and efficient. The curved portion takes into account the dynamic characteristics of material flow, ensuring smooth material flow around the bend and avoiding material blockage or dispersion caused by sharp turns.

[0072] In the thermal desorption mechanism 2, the thermal desorption cylinder 23 is a key component for achieving thermal desorption of the material. During the thermal desorption process, the cylinder 23 rotates to ensure sufficient contact between the material and the heat source, thereby achieving efficient thermal desorption. To accommodate the rotation of the cylinder 23, a sealed hinged design is used between the feed pipe 14 and the thermal desorption mechanism 2.

[0073] The sealed hinge is a special connection method that allows two components to rotate relative to each other while maintaining a seal. This design takes into account the high temperatures and pressures that may be generated during the thermal desorption process, ensuring a tight seal at the joint and preventing material and gas leakage. Furthermore, the sealed hinge can withstand the torque and shear forces caused by the rotation of the cylinder, ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection.

[0074] The implementation of a sealed hinge typically involves a series of sophisticated mechanical structures and sealing components. For example, specialized bearings and hinge structures may be used to allow rotation, while high-temperature and wear-resistant seals or gaskets are used to achieve sealing. The material selection and design of these sealing components must be compatible with the operating conditions within the thermal desorption mechanism 2 to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0075] Thermal desorption mechanism 2 is responsible for the thermal desorption process. It is mounted on a stable platform, ensuring smooth and safe operation throughout the entire process. The thermal desorption cylinder 23 of thermal desorption mechanism 2 is a key component for thermal desorption, and one end of the cylinder is specially designed with a gear ring 231.

[0076] The design of the ring gear 231 allows the chain 21 to mesh with it, which in turn connects to the motor 22 on the platform, forming a transmission system. This design effectively transmits the rotational power of the motor 22 to the pyrolysis desorption cylinder 23, driving its rotation. This rotation not only increases the contact area between the material and the heat source but also promotes uniform distribution and mixing of the material within the pyrolysis desorption cylinder, thereby improving the efficiency of pyrolysis desorption.

[0077] The outer side of the pyrolysis desorption cylinder 23 is surrounded by a heating furnace 24. The heating furnace 24, which provides heat energy, is fixed to the platform and does not rotate with the rotation of the cylinder 23. This fixed design ensures that the heating furnace 24 can continuously and stably provide heat while avoiding the structural complexity and wear problems that may be caused by rotation.

[0078] Inside the pyrolysis desorption cylinder 23, a first sieve tray 234 and a second sieve tray 235 are carefully designed. These two sieve trays divide the cylinder's interior into three independent pyrolysis desorption zones: a first pyrolysis desorption zone 236, a second pyrolysis desorption zone 237, and a third pyrolysis desorption zone 238. Each zone performs different stages of pyrolysis desorption, ensuring that materials can be gradually desorbed under different temperatures and environments.

[0079] The apertures in the first sieve plate 234 are designed to be larger than those in the second sieve plate 235. This design allows smaller particles to pass through the sieve plate 234 and enter the next pyrolysis desorption zone, while larger particles remain in the first pyrolysis desorption zone 236 for further heat treatment. This graded heat treatment method not only improves the efficiency of pyrolysis desorption but also facilitates the refined processing of materials.

[0080] After entering first pyrolytic desorption zone 236, if the particle size of the material remains larger than the aperture of first sieve plate 234 after pyrolytic desorption, this indicates that the pyrolytic desorption process has not yet been fully completed. Such material will not be able to pass through sieve plate 234 and will remain in the first zone for further heat treatment. Similarly, second sieve plate 235 serves a similar purpose, ensuring that only material that meets a certain particle size requirement enters the next processing stage.

[0081] Long iron sheets are evenly welded inside the pyrolysis desorption cylinder 23. When the pyrolysis desorption cylinder 23 rotates, the iron sheets can drive the material to roll forward, thereby reaching the next pyrolysis desorption interval.

[0082] An exhaust pipe 31 is installed above the third pyrolysis section 238 of the pyrolysis desorption cylinder 23. This pipe connects to the exhaust treatment mechanism 3 and is coated with a thermal insulation material to prevent harmful heat radiation from the high-temperature exhaust gas. A discharge port 232 is installed at the end of the third pyrolysis desorption section 238. This discharge port 232 is equipped with a discharge cover to prevent dust from powdered fly ash during discharge.

[0083] The first and second sieve plates 234 and 235 feature a dense mesh structure with smaller holes 2341 distributed around the perimeter and larger holes 2342 distributed in the center. This design facilitates material classification. The dense holes 2341 on the perimeter intercept larger particles, ensuring they are fully processed within the thermal desorption cylinder, while the more sparse holes 2342 in the center allow smaller particles to pass through and proceed to the next processing stage.

[0084] When fly ash starts to enter from the storage bin 11, the motor 133 starts, and the motor controlled by the PLC starts to start according to the settings. The operation of the motor 133 drives the belt to move, and the movement of the belt drives the turntable 134 to rotate, and the rotation of the turntable 134 drives the pin 135 to rotate. The rotation of the pin 135 drives the periodic swing of the rocker 136, and the periodic swing of the rocker 136 drives the reciprocating feed of the piston component on the slide rail 111. The arc-shaped scraper blade 1311 follows the movement of the piston outer cylinder 131, reciprocating and sawing, and preliminarily cutting and crushing the material. The crushed material is squeezed by the piston push plate 132, pushed into the feed channel 121, and then enters the feed bin 12.

[0085] Materials entering the feed bin 12 with a particle size smaller than the extrusion holes 1241 of the filter disc 124 automatically fall into the feed pipe 14. Materials with a particle size larger than the extrusion holes 1241 are squeezed by the extrusion teeth 1311 of the extrusion component 122, which is performing an up-and-down reciprocating motion. The interaction between the extrusion teeth 1311 and the extrusion holes 1241 crushes the larger particles and allows them to enter the feed pipe 14.

[0086] After the material enters the feed pipe 14 through the filter disc 124, it will enter the thermal desorption mechanism 2 along the pipeline inside the feed pipe 14. Before the feeding starts, the heating furnace 24 has been turned on and the thermal desorption cylinder 23 has been preheated. Before the material enters the thermal desorption cylinder 23, the temperature inside the cylinder has reached the pyrolysis temperature. As the thermal desorption cylinder 23 rotates, the material rotates inside the cylinder. The material continues to roll forward through the iron sheet 233 welded inside the cylinder. Materials with a particle size smaller than the aperture of the first sieve disc 234 enter the second thermal desorption interval 237, while materials with a particle size larger than the aperture of the sparse holes 2342 of the first sieve disc 234 will continue to stay in the first thermal desorption interval 236 and continue to pyrolyze until the particle size is smaller than the aperture of the sparse holes 2342 of the first sieve disc 234.

[0087] In the second pyrolysis desorption zone 237, the material undergoes further pyrolysis desorption, becoming a finer powder. The decomposed organic matter, as well as the undecomposed organic matter in a vapor state, are continuously drawn through the negative pressure tail gas pipe 31 into the tail gas treatment mechanism 3. The material then passes through the second sieve plate 235 into the third pyrolysis desorption zone 238, and finally, the fully pyrolysis-desorbed material is unloaded through the rotary discharge valve at the rotary discharge port 232.

[0088] Example 2:

[0089] Without changing the other components mentioned above, the power part of the piston component and the extrusion component 122 can be changed to pneumatic or hydraulic. When the material feed volume and mass are large, hydraulic drive is used to ensure that the piston component and the extrusion component 122 can effectively extrude and convey the material and crush the material. When the material is small, the cylinder drive can also meet the usage requirements well.

[0090] This device performs secondary pre-crushing at the feed site, improving the efficiency of fly ash thermal desorption in the subsequent thermal desorption mechanism 2. Furthermore, the entire feed process is automated, reducing manual steps and improving production efficiency. However, during the fly ash thermal desorption process, exhaust gas leakage is unavoidable, and these gases are highly hazardous and can have a significant impact on human health. Therefore, the automation of this device also protects worker health.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device, comprising a thermal desorption mechanism (2) having one end connected to a feed mechanism (1) and the other end connected to an exhaust gas treatment mechanism (3), characterized in that ； The feeding mechanism (1) comprises a storage bin (11) and a feeding bin (12) connected via a feeding channel (121); One end of the storage bin (11) away from the feed bin (12) is connected to a pushing assembly (13); The feed bin (12) has an extrusion component (122) inside; A filter disc (124) is installed at the bottom of the feed bin (12); A plurality of sieve plates are provided in the thermal desorption cylinder (23) of the thermal desorption mechanism (2).

2. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (13) is composed of a piston component and a driving component in transmission connection; The piston component is connected to the piston push plate (132) by a piston outer cylinder (131); the driving component is connected to the rotary disk (134) by a motor (133), and the rotary disk (134) is equipped with a pin shaft (135).

3. The fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pin (135) is hinged to the rocker (136), and the rocker (136) is connected to the connecting rod (137); The piston push plate (132) of the piston component is connected to the connecting rod (137).

4. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A slide rail (111) is provided at the bottom of the storage bin (11) of the feeding mechanism (1), one end of the slide rail (111) is located at the port where the feeding channel (121) is connected to the storage bin (11), and the other end passes through the storage bin (11) and extends to the outside of the storage bin (11); A pulley (1312) is installed at the bottom of the piston component; the pulley (1312) is installed in conjunction with the slide rail (111); A multi-layer arc-shaped scraper blade (1311) is provided at one end of the upper portion of the piston component close to the feed channel (121), and each layer of the arc-shaped scraper blade (1311) is arranged with a plurality of arc-shaped scraper blades (1311).

5. The fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion component (122) is located above the filter disc (124); The extrusion component (122) is connected to an external controller PLC, and the movement of the extrusion component (122) is controlled by the PLC.

6. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: A plurality of extrusion teeth (1223) are distributed on the bottom of the extrusion component (122); The filter disc (124) is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes (1241); The extrusion teeth (1223) cooperate with the extrusion holes (1241).

7. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: A support block (123) is provided below the filter disc (124), and the filter disc (124) is connected to the feed pipe (14) via the support block (123); The upper portion of the feed pipe (14) is vertical, and the lower portion is connected to the thermal desorption mechanism (2) in a curved manner.

8. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: The thermal desorption mechanism (2) is provided with a thermal desorption cylinder (23), one end of the thermal desorption cylinder (23) is provided with a gear ring (231), and the gear ring is connected to a chain (21); The thermal desorption cylinder (23) is engaged with the chain (21) via a gear ring (231) to achieve transmission connection with the motor (22).

9. The fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 8, It is characterized by: The outermost layer of the thermal desorption mechanism (2) is provided with a heating furnace (24); The holes of the sieve plate are arranged in a sparse and dense manner, the holes near the periphery of the sieve plate are dense holes (2341), and the holes near the center of the sieve plate are sparse holes (2342); The sieve plate divides the thermal desorption cylinder (23) into a plurality of thermal desorption zones, and the thermal desorption zones are arranged in order; A plurality of iron pieces (233) are regularly arranged in the thermal desorption zone.

10. A fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis desorption device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5 or 9, characterized in that: A discharge port (232) is provided at the lower portion of one end of the thermal desorption mechanism (2) connected to the tail gas treatment mechanism (3).

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