Rapid quenching furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rapid quenching furnace. The rapid quenching furnace comprises a smelting chamber, a first crucible and a second crucible; wherein the first crucible and the second crucible are arranged in the smelting chamber; the first crucible is arranged above the second crucible; the first crucible comprises an alloy block smelting area, a transition heat preservation area and a filtering piece. The alloy block smelting area and the transition heat preservation area are separated through the filtering piece. The first crucible is provided with a first nozzle, and the second crucible is provided with a second nozzle. The rapid quenching furnace disclosed by the utility model can ensure the flow of alloy liquid sprayed onto the cooling roller. And meanwhile, large fluctuation of a temperature field of the smelting chamber caused by the fact that cold inert gas directly enters the smelting chamber can be reduced. Furthermore, the rapid quenching furnace can improve high-efficiency production of neodymium iron boron magnetic powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a rapid quenching furnace. Background Art

[0002] NdFeB rapid-quenching magnetic powder is a key raw material for hot-pressed / hot-deformed NdFeB magnets and bonded NdFeB magnets. It is formed by the rapid solidification of a liquid alloy at a high cooling rate and is primarily composed of amorphous or microcrystalline materials. Currently, the primary equipment used to manufacture NdFeB rapid-quenching magnetic powder is arc-overflow rapid-quenching furnaces and induction rapid-quenching furnaces. Large-scale industrial production primarily utilizes induction rapid-quenching furnaces, employing the melt-quenching process.

[0003] CN220805433U discloses a rapid quenching furnace. The rapid quenching furnace includes a first cooling roller, a second cooling roller, and a holding crucible. The first cooling roller is located to one side of the second cooling roller, with a distance between the first and second cooling rollers forming a gap. The holding crucible is equipped with a nozzle located directly above the gap between the first and second cooling rollers. The nozzle is configured to inject the alloy melt in the holding crucible into the gap between the first and second cooling rollers. This rapid quenching furnace ensures that the cooling rate of each part of the rapidly quenched strip is uniform.

[0004] CN215713241U discloses an automatic control device for the atmosphere in a vacuum rapid quenching furnace, and discloses a vacuum rapid quenching furnace having the automatic control device for the atmosphere in a vacuum rapid quenching furnace. The automatic control device for the atmosphere in a vacuum rapid quenching furnace includes a gas analyzer for detecting the gas composition in the furnace; a pressure-stabilizing valve disposed on a voltage-stabilizing tube and controlling the opening and closing of the voltage-stabilizing tube, the voltage-stabilizing tube being connected to an inert gas source and provided with a flow rate sensor; a flow rate control valve disposed on an exhaust pipe connected to a first vacuum pump; an air pressure monitor for real-time detection of the air pressure in the furnace; and a central processing unit electrically connected to the gas analyzer, the pressure-stabilizing valve, the flow rate sensor, the flow rate control valve, and the air pressure monitor. The central processing unit coordinates the output and input flow rates to maintain a balanced internal air pressure and fully discharge gases that do not meet the requirements in the furnace. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid quenching furnace that can ensure the flow rate of alloy liquid sprayed onto the cooling roller. Furthermore, the rapid quenching furnace can improve the high-efficiency production of NdFeB magnetic powder.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The utility model provides a rapid quenching furnace, comprising a smelting chamber, a first crucible and a second crucible; wherein,

[0008] The first crucible and the second crucible are arranged in the smelting chamber; the first crucible is arranged above the second crucible; the first crucible includes an alloy block smelting area, a transition insulation area and a filter; the alloy block smelting area and the transition insulation area are separated by the filter;

[0009] The first crucible is provided with a first nozzle, and the second crucible is provided with a second nozzle.

[0010] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, it further comprises a cooling roller; the cooling roller is arranged below the second nozzle.

[0011] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, the diameter of the first nozzle is 1.0-2.5 mm, and the diameter of the second nozzle is 0.5-1.5 mm.

[0012] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, the first crucible is arranged directly above the second crucible; and the alloy block melting area is arranged above the transition insulation area.

[0013] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, it further comprises a grinding device; the grinding device is arranged below the cooling roller.

[0014] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, it further comprises a gas preheating device; the gas preheating device is connected to the smelting chamber.

[0015] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, it further comprises a feeding device; the feeding device comprises a feeding chamber, a feeding pipe and a feeding valve;

[0016] The feeding chamber is configured to store raw materials;

[0017] One end of the feed pipe is connected to the feeding chamber, and the other end of the feed pipe is connected to the smelting chamber;

[0018] The feeding valve is arranged on the feeding pipe, and the feeding valve is configured to control the opening and closing of the feeding pipe.

[0019] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, it further includes a cooling unit and a material receiving device;

[0020] The material receiving device includes a first material receiving unit and a second material receiving unit;

[0021] The first receiving unit is arranged on the side of the cooling roller; the first receiving unit is arranged to collect the alloy strips produced by the cooling roller;

[0022] The cooling unit includes a cooling channel and a cooler; the cooler is arranged in the cooling channel; one end of the cooling channel is connected to the first material receiving unit, and the other end of the cooling channel is connected to the second material receiving unit;

[0023] The second receiving unit is configured to collect the alloy strips that have been further cooled by the cooling unit.

[0024] According to the rapid quenching furnace of the present invention, preferably, the second material receiving unit includes a material receiving pipe, a material receiving valve and a material storage bin; one end of the material receiving pipe is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the material storage bin; the material receiving valve is located on the material receiving pipe; and the material storage bin stores the cooled alloy strips.

[0025] The rapid quenching furnace according to the present invention preferably further comprises a vacuum pumping device;

[0026] The vacuum pumping device is connected to the smelting chamber, and the vacuum pumping device is configured to extract the gas in the smelting chamber.

[0027] The rapid quenching furnace of this utility model can maintain a substantially constant level of molten alloy in the second crucible by adjusting the molten alloy level in the transition and holding zone and the diameter of the first nozzle, further ensuring the flow rate of molten alloy sprayed onto the cooling roller. It also reduces the large temperature fluctuations in the melting chamber caused by the direct ingress of cold inert gas into the melting chamber. Furthermore, this rapid quenching furnace can improve the efficient production of NdFeB magnetic powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rapid quenching furnace of the present utility model.

[0029] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0030] 1- Melting chamber;

[0031] 2-first crucible, 21-alloy block melting area, 22-transition insulation area, 23-filter, 24-first nozzle;

[0032] 3-second crucible, 31-second nozzle;

[0033] 4-cooling roller; 5-polishing device;

[0034] 61-feeding chamber, 62-feeding pipe, 63-feeding valve;

[0035] 71-first material receiving unit, 72-second material receiving unit, 721-material receiving pipe, 722-material receiving valve, 723-material storage bin;

[0036] 81-cooling channel;

[0037] 9- Vacuum device;

[0038] 10-Gas preheating device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] The rapid quenching furnace of the present invention includes a melting chamber, a first crucible, and a second crucible. The rapid quenching furnace also includes one or more of a cooling roller, a grinding device, a feeding device, a material receiving device, a cooling unit, a vacuum device, and a gas preheating device. The rapid quenching furnace of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing NdFeB products.

[0041] <Melting Chamber, First Crucible, and Second Crucible>

[0042] The first crucible and the second crucible are located in the melting chamber.

[0043] The first crucible may include an alloy ingot melting area, a transition and insulation area, a filter element, and a first nozzle. The alloy ingot melting area is positioned above the transition and insulation area, and the two are separated by a filter element. The first nozzle is positioned below the first crucible. The alloy ingot melting area melts the raw materials to form a molten alloy, which is then filtered through the filter element into the transition and insulation area. The position of the filter element can be adjusted according to actual needs. The filter element can be configured as a filter mesh, more preferably a zirconia filter mesh.

[0044] The second crucible is used to receive the alloy melt from the first crucible and maintain the alloy melt at a certain temperature.

[0045] A second crucible is located directly below the first crucible, with a second nozzle positioned at the bottom of the first crucible. The second nozzle sprays the molten alloy onto a cooling roller for rapid solidification, which is then ejected to form a rapidly quenched ribbon. A heating coil may also be positioned around the periphery of the second crucible to provide heat.

[0046] The diameter of the first nozzle may be larger than the diameter of the second nozzle. The diameter of the first nozzle may be 1.0 to 2.5 mm, preferably 1.2 to 2.2 mm, and more preferably 1.5 to 2.0 mm. The diameter of the second nozzle may be 0.5 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.7 to 1.2 mm, and more preferably 0.9 to 1.0 mm.

[0047] The smelting crucible in the prior art melts the alloy block into alloy liquid. The height of the alloy liquid level cannot be adjusted, and the smelting crucible is generally located obliquely above the insulation crucible. The alloy liquid is directly poured into the insulation crucible. As a result, the liquid level of the alloy liquid after being poured into the insulation crucible cannot be kept constant, and the flow rate of the alloy liquid sprayed onto the cooling roller cannot be guaranteed. The utility model provides an alloy block smelting area and a transition insulation area in the first crucible, which are separated by a filter. In this way, the liquid level of the alloy liquid in the transition insulation area can be adjusted by controlling the amount of alloy added to the alloy block smelting area and the heating and smelting temperature. At the same time, a first nozzle is provided at the bottom of the first crucible, and its diameter can also be adjusted to control the flow rate of the alloy liquid flowing into the second crucible. In this way, the liquid level of the alloy molten liquid flowing into the second crucible can be kept basically constant, which can further ensure the flow rate of the alloy liquid sprayed onto the cooling roller, thereby improving the efficiency of rapid solidification casting and further improving the quality of the alloy strip.

[0048] <Cooling Roller and Grinding Device>

[0049] A cooling roller may be provided below the second nozzle, and the cooling roller may be a water-cooled roller.

[0050] A grinding device is provided under the cooling roller, which can grind the surface of the cooling roller online to remove surface damage caused by long-term thermal shock, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cooling roller and further improving the magnetic properties of NdFeB products.

[0051] <Gas Preheating Device>

[0052] The gas preheating device is connected to the melting chamber. During the melting process, the inert gas added first passes through the gas preheating device, which reduces the cold inert gas directly entering the melting chamber and causing large fluctuations in the temperature field of the melting chamber, thereby improving the melting effect.

[0053] <Feeding device, cooling unit and receiving device>

[0054] The charging device supplies raw materials to the melting crucible.

[0055] The feeding device may include a feeding chamber, a feeding pipe and a feeding valve.

[0056] The feeding chamber is configured to store raw materials. It is connected to the smelting chamber via a feed pipe. Specifically, one end of the feed pipe is connected to the bottom of the feeding chamber, and the other end is connected to the top of the smelting chamber. A feeding valve may be provided on the feed pipe to control the opening and closing of the feed pipe, thereby controlling the feeding of raw materials.

[0057] The receiving device may include a first receiving unit and a second receiving unit. The first receiving unit is disposed on the side of the cooling roller and is connected to the second receiving unit via the cooling unit. The first receiving unit is used to collect the alloy strip produced by the cooling roller.

[0058] The cooling unit may include a cooling channel and a cooler. The cooler is arranged in the cooling channel. The cooling unit cools the alloy strip in the first receiving unit.

[0059] The second receiving unit may include a receiving pipe, a receiving valve, and a storage bin. One end of the receiving pipe is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the storage bin. The receiving valve is located on the receiving pipe. The storage bin stores the cooled alloy strips.

[0060] <Vacuum device>

[0061] The vacuum pumping device is configured to extract gas from the smelting chamber to achieve a vacuum state in the smelting chamber. The vacuum pumping device may be connected to a side wall of the smelting chamber. The vacuum pumping device may be connected to a lower portion of the smelting chamber.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the rapid quenching furnace of this embodiment includes a melting chamber 1, a first crucible 2, a second crucible 3, a cooling roller 4, a grinding device 5, a feeding device, a material receiving device, a cooling unit, a vacuum device 9 and a gas preheating device 10.

[0064] The first crucible 2 , the second crucible 3 and the cooling roller 4 are all arranged in the smelting chamber 1 .

[0065] The first crucible 2 includes an alloy ingot melting area 21, a transition and insulation zone 22, a filter 23, and a first nozzle 24. The alloy ingot melting area 21 is located above the transition and insulation zone 22, and the two are separated by the filter 23. The first nozzle 24 is located below the first crucible 2. Raw materials are melted in the alloy ingot melting area 21 to form a molten alloy. The molten alloy is then filtered into the transition and insulation zone 22 through the filter 23. The position of the filter 23 can be adjusted as needed. In this embodiment, the filter 23 is configured as a zirconia filter.

[0066] The second crucible 3, located directly below the first crucible 2, receives the molten alloy from the first crucible 2 and maintains it at a constant temperature. A second nozzle 31 is located at the bottom of the second crucible 3. This nozzle sprays the molten alloy onto the cooling roller 4, rapidly solidifying it and ejecting it to form a rapidly quenched ribbon. A heating coil is also located around the outer periphery of the second crucible 3 to provide heat.

[0067] By adjusting the liquid level of the molten alloy in the transition and holding zone 22 and the diameter of the first nozzle 24, the liquid level of the molten alloy in the second crucible 3 is maintained substantially constant, further ensuring the flow rate of the molten alloy sprayed onto the cooling roller 4. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first nozzle 24 is 1.0 to 2.5 mm, and the diameter of the second nozzle 31 is 1 mm.

[0068] The cooling roller 4 is disposed below the second nozzle 31 and is a water-cooled roller. A grinding device 5 is provided below the cooling roller 4 to polish the surface of the cooling roller 4 online, removing surface damage caused by prolonged thermal shock. This improves the cooling effect of the cooling roller 4 and further enhances the magnetic properties of the NdFeB product.

[0069] The feeding device supplies raw materials (alloy ingots) to the first crucible 2. The feeding device includes a feeding chamber 61, a feeding pipe 62 and a feeding valve 63.

[0070] The feeding chamber 61 is used to store raw materials and is connected to the smelting chamber 1 through a feeding pipe 62. A feeding valve 63 is provided on the feeding pipe 62. The feeding valve 63 is used to control the opening and closing of the feeding pipe 62, thereby controlling the feeding.

[0071] The receiving device includes a first receiving unit 71 and a second receiving unit 72. The first receiving unit 71 is arranged on the side of the cooling roller 4 and is connected to the second receiving unit 72 via the cooling unit. The first receiving unit 71 is used to collect the alloy strip produced by the cooling roller 4.

[0072] The cooling unit includes a cooling channel 81 and a cooler. The cooler is arranged in the cooling channel 81. The cooling unit cools the alloy strip in the first receiving unit 71.

[0073] The second receiving unit 72 includes a receiving pipe 721, a receiving valve 722, and a storage bin 723. One end of the receiving pipe 721 is connected to the cooling channel 81, and the other end of the receiving pipe 721 is connected to the storage bin 723. The receiving valve 722 is located on the receiving pipe 721. The storage bin 723 stores the cooled alloy strips.

[0074] The vacuum pumping device 9 is connected to the smelting chamber 1. The vacuum pumping device 9 is used to extract the gas in the smelting chamber 1.

[0075] The gas preheating device 10 is connected to the smelting chamber 1. The inert gas added during the smelting process first passes through the gas preheating device 10, which reduces the cold inert gas directly entering the smelting chamber 1 and causing large fluctuations in the temperature field of the smelting chamber 1, thereby improving the smelting effect.

[0076] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Without departing from the essential content of the present invention, any deformation, improvement, and substitution that can be thought of by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid quenching furnace, characterized in that: It includes a smelting chamber, a first crucible and a second crucible; wherein, The first crucible and the second crucible are arranged in the smelting chamber; the first crucible is arranged above the second crucible; the first crucible includes an alloy block smelting area, a transition insulation area and a filter; the alloy block smelting area and the transition insulation area are separated by the filter; The first crucible is provided with a first nozzle, and the second crucible is provided with a second nozzle.

2. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The device further comprises a cooling roller, which is arranged below the second nozzle.

3. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that The diameter of the first nozzle is 1.0-2.5 mm, and the diameter of the second nozzle is 0.5-1.5 mm.

4. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The first crucible is arranged directly above the second crucible; and the alloy block smelting area is arranged above the transition insulation area.

5. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a grinding device; the grinding device is arranged below the cooling roller.

6. The rapid quenching furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a gas preheating device; the gas preheating device is connected to the smelting chamber.

7. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes a feeding device; the feeding device includes a feeding chamber, a feeding pipe and a feeding valve; The feeding chamber is configured to store raw materials; One end of the feed pipe is connected to the feeding chamber, and the other end of the feed pipe is connected to the smelting chamber; The feeding valve is arranged on the feeding pipe, and the feeding valve is configured to control the opening and closing of the feeding pipe.

8. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling unit and a material receiving device; The material receiving device includes a first material receiving unit and a second material receiving unit; The first receiving unit is arranged on the side of the cooling roller; the first receiving unit is arranged to collect the alloy strips produced by the cooling roller; The cooling unit includes a cooling channel and a cooler; the cooler is arranged in the cooling channel; one end of the cooling channel is connected to the first material receiving unit, and the other end of the cooling channel is connected to the second material receiving unit; The second receiving unit is configured to collect the alloy strips that have been further cooled by the cooling unit.

9. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second material receiving unit includes a material receiving pipe, a material receiving valve and a material storage bin; one end of the material receiving pipe is connected to the cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the material storage bin; the material receiving valve is located on the material receiving pipe; the material storage bin stores the cooled alloy strips.

10. The rapid quenching furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a vacuum device; The vacuum pumping device is connected to the smelting chamber, and the vacuum pumping device is configured to extract the gas in the smelting chamber.

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