Vertical lathe oil cylinder clamping tool

Abstract

A vertical lathe oil cylinder clamping tool relates to the technical field of clamping equipment and comprises a fixing seat, a centering cone, an expansion sleeve, a pull plate and a pull rod which are coaxially arranged. The centering cone comprises a conical part and a flange part, the flange part is fixedly connected with the fixed seat, the conical part is sleeved with an expansion sleeve matched with the conical part, and the expansion sleeve is used for expanding and fixing a workpiece; the pulling plate is arranged close to the flange part, a plurality of pulling shafts are circumferentially distributed on the pulling plate, the top ends of the pulling shafts penetrate through the flange part and are located below the expansion sleeve, pulling rings are installed between the pulling shafts and the expansion sleeve, and the pulling shafts drive the expansion sleeve to move in a reciprocating mode in the vertical direction through the pulling rings; the pulling plate is fixedly connected with a pulling rod which is used for being in driving connection with a vertical lathe oil cylinder. Power is provided through the vertical lathe oil cylinder to conduct inner supporting, tensioning and fixing on workpieces, the model changing time is shortened, the machining efficiency is improved, workpieces with different inner diameters can be fixed, and adaptability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of clamping equipment, in particular to a vertical lathe oil cylinder clamping tool. Background Art

[0002] A vertical lathe, also known as a vertical lathe, is a type of metal-cutting machine tool primarily used for machining large or heavy workpieces. Unlike a horizontal lathe, a vertical lathe has a vertical spindle. The workpiece is mounted on a rotating table, while the tool moves horizontally to machine the workpiece. This arrangement makes vertical lathes ideal for machining large, heavy, and relatively short parts.

[0003] Traditional vertical lathes use a three-jaw chuck to clamp the workpiece during machining. Three-jaw chucks automatically center the workpiece, maintaining good concentricity during machining, making them suitable for most conventional machining needs. However, when drawings require very strict coaxiality, the automatic centering function of a three-jaw chuck alone is often insufficient to meet these stringent requirements.

[0004] In such cases, to ensure machining accuracy, it is often necessary to manually align the workpiece using a runout gauge (also known as a dial or micrometer indicator) before machining. This involves placing the gauge's probe on the workpiece's outer diameter or inner hole, then slowly rotating the workpiece while observing the changes in the runout gauge reading. By repeatedly adjusting the workpiece's position until the runout reaches a minimum, the alignment of the workpiece's center of rotation with the machine tool's center of rotation is determined.

[0005] Although this method can improve processing accuracy, it requires manual operation and multiple measurements and adjustments, so the processing preparation time is long, resulting in lower overall production efficiency. In addition, due to the large influence of human factors, the results of each alignment may be different, which further increases the risk of unstable product quality. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to provide a vertical lathe cylinder clamping tooling, which uses the vertical lathe cylinder to provide power to internally support, tighten and fix the workpiece, reduce the changeover time, improve the processing efficiency, and can fix workpieces of different inner diameters with strong adaptability.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0008] Vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture, including a fixed seat, a centering cone, an expansion sleeve, a pull plate and a pull rod, all of which are coaxially arranged;

[0009] The centering cone includes a conical portion and a flange portion, the flange portion is fixedly connected to the fixing seat, and the conical portion is sleeved with the expansion sleeve adapted thereto, and the expansion sleeve is used to tighten and fix the workpiece;

[0010] The pull plate is arranged near the flange portion, and a plurality of pull shafts are arranged circumferentially on the pull plate. The top ends of the pull shafts pass through the flange portion and are located below the expansion sleeve. A pull ring is installed between the pull shafts and the expansion sleeve. The pull shaft drives the expansion sleeve to move back and forth vertically through the pull ring.

[0011] The pull plate is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and the pull rod is used for driving connection with the vertical lathe cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing seat is an annular structure, and the pull rod is located inside the fixing seat.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting cavity is provided on the flange portion, and the pull plate is accommodated in the mounting cavity and can move back and forth vertically.

[0014] Preferably, the flange portion is fixedly connected to an annular blocking cover, and the annular blocking cover is arranged outside the installation cavity and is used to block the pull plate;

[0015] A lubricating oil channel is provided between the inner wall of the installation cavity and the pulling plate.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the installation cavity is provided with an upper limit step surface, and the pull plate is provided with a lower limit step surface;

[0017] The upper limit step surface and the lower limit step surface are both annular structures, and the upper limit step surface and the lower limit step surface are adapted to limit the moving distance of the pull plate. The inner diameter of the annular stop cover is not less than the inner diameter of the lower limit step surface.

[0018] Preferably, the expansion sleeve includes a plurality of expansion blocks equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction, an elastic block is provided between two adjacent expansion blocks, and both the expansion block and the elastic block are provided on the outer periphery of the tapered portion; the pulling shaft is correspondingly provided below the elastic block.

[0019] Preferably, a lower slot is provided on the pull shaft, an upper slot is provided on the expansion block, and the pull ring is clamped between the upper slot and the lower slot;

[0020] The pull ring includes two matching half rings, the two ends of the two half rings abut against each other to form a complete pull ring; the inner wall surfaces of the two half rings are provided with an upper clamping strip and a lower clamping strip respectively matching the upper clamping groove and the lower clamping groove.

[0021] Preferably, at least two stop pins are installed on the flange portion, and the stop pins are inserted between the flange portion and the pull ring.

[0022] Preferably, a positioning seat is provided on the outer side of the expansion sleeve, the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the flange portion, and a pull ring cavity for accommodating the pull ring is opened on the positioning seat;

[0023] In the vertical direction, the top end of the expansion sleeve extends out of the positioning seat and is located outside the positioning seat.

[0024] Preferably, a coaxially arranged connecting rod is mounted on the conical portion, and a pressure plate is sleeved on the connecting rod;

[0025] A compression nut is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, and the compression nut is vertically arranged on the outer side of the pressure plate. The compression nut is used to fix the workpiece on the positioning seat through the pressure plate.

[0026] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0027] The utility model includes a fixed seat, a centering cone, an expansion sleeve, a pull plate and a pull rod, which are all coaxially arranged; the centering cone includes a conical portion and a flange portion, the flange portion is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, and the conical portion is provided with an expansion sleeve that is compatible with it, and the expansion sleeve is used to tighten and fix the workpiece; the pull plate is arranged close to the flange portion, and a plurality of pull shafts are circumferentially arranged on the pull plate, and the top end of the pull shaft passes through the flange portion and is located below the expansion sleeve, and a pull ring is installed between the pull shaft and the expansion sleeve, and the pull shaft drives the expansion sleeve to move back and forth vertically through the pull ring; the pull plate is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and the pull rod is used to be connected to the vertical lathe cylinder drive. By arranging an expansion sleeve on the conical part of the centering cone, a pull ring is installed between the expansion sleeve and the pulling shaft, the pulling shaft is installed on the pull plate, the pull plate is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and the pull rod is used to connect with the vertical lathe cylinder drive. Under the drive of the vertical lathe cylinder, the pull plate can drive the pulling shaft to move back and forth vertically, and the pull shaft drives the expansion sleeve to move vertically at the same time through the pull ring, driving the expansion sleeve to tighten and fix the workpiece outward, thereby fixing the workpiece, replacing the original method of clamping the workpiece with a three-jaw chuck for processing, which is easy to operate and improves processing efficiency. At the same time, it is only necessary to ensure that the workpiece and the expansion sleeve are coaxial to fix them, thereby eliminating the need to use a runout table to manually align the workpiece before processing, thereby improving production efficiency. Moreover, for workpieces with different inner diameters, they can all be tightened and fixed by the expansion sleeve, which has a wide range of applications, reduces production costs, and reduces changeover time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the vertical lathe cylinder clamping tooling according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded diagram;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the centering cone, expansion sleeve, pull plate, pull ring, and stop pin;

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1. Fixed seat;

[0037] 2. Centering cone; 21. Conical portion; 22. Flange portion; 221. Mounting cavity; 23. Annular cover; 24. Lubricating oil channel; 25. Upper limit step surface; 26. Stop pin;

[0038] 3. Expanding sleeve; 31. Expanding block; 311. Upper card slot;

[0039] 4. Pull plate; 41. Pull shaft; 411. Lower clamping groove; 42. Pull ring; 421. Upper clamping strip; 422. Lower clamping strip; 43. Lower limit step surface;

[0040] 5. Pull rod;

[0041] 6. Workpiece;

[0042] 7. Positioning seat; 71. Pull ring cavity; 72. Connecting rod; 73. Pressing plate; 74. Pressing nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 6As shown in common, the utility model includes a fixed seat 1, a centering cone 2, an expansion sleeve 3, a pull plate 4 and a pull rod 5, which are all coaxially arranged; wherein, the centering cone 2 includes a conical portion 21 and a flange portion 22, the flange portion 22 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 1, and the conical portion 21 is provided with an expansion sleeve 3 adapted thereto, and the expansion sleeve 3 is used to tighten and fix the workpiece 6; the pull plate 4 is arranged close to the flange portion 22, and a plurality of pull shafts 41 are circumferentially arranged on the pull plate 4, and the top end of the pull shaft 41 passes through the flange portion 22 and is located below the expansion sleeve 3, and a pull ring 42 is installed between the pull shaft 41 and the expansion sleeve 3, and the pull shaft 41 drives the expansion sleeve 3 to move back and forth vertically through the pull ring 42; the pull plate 4 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 5, and the pull rod 5 is used to be driven and connected to the vertical lathe cylinder (not shown in the figure).

[0045] The vertical lathe cylinder is part of the vertical lathe and is not shown in this application. The vertical lathe cylinder drives the pull rod 5 to move back and forth, which in turn drives the pull plate 4, pull shaft 41, and pull ring 42 to move back and forth together. Because the expansion sleeve 3 is mounted on the tapered portion 21, the expansion sleeve 3 is tightened outward, tightening and fixing the workpiece 6 outside the expansion sleeve 3, thereby fixing the workpiece 6. This replaces the original method of clamping the workpiece 6 with a three-jaw chuck for processing, is easy to operate, and improves processing efficiency. At the same time, the workpiece 6 can be fixed by simply ensuring that it is coaxial with the expansion sleeve 3, eliminating the need to use a runout table to manually align the workpiece 6 before processing, thereby improving production efficiency. Moreover, for workpieces 6 with different inner diameters, they can all be tightened and fixed by the expansion sleeve 3, which has a wide range of applications, reduces production costs, and shortens changeover time.

[0046] In the present application, the fixing seat 1 is an annular structure, and the pull rod 5 is located inside the fixing seat 1 .

[0047] The flange portion 22 is provided with an installation cavity 221, and the pull plate 4 is accommodated in the installation cavity 221 and can move back and forth vertically; accommodating the pull plate 4 in the installation cavity 221 reduces the space occupied by the pull plate 4, and the structure is compact and convenient for overall installation. Preferably, the flange portion 22 is fixedly connected to the annular blocking cover 23, which is arranged on the outside of the installation cavity 221 and is used to block the pull plate 4; preventing the pull plate 4 from sliding out, while limiting the sliding distance of the pull plate 4, ensuring the stability of the expansion sleeve 3; a lubricating oil channel 24 is provided between the inner wall of the installation cavity 221 and the pull plate 4, and the lubricating oil channel 24 is connected to the external lubricating oil. After the external lubricating oil enters the lubricating oil channel 24, it can lubricate the space between the installation cavity 221 and the pull plate 4, reducing the movement resistance of the pull plate 4 and improving the movement effect of the pull plate 4.

[0048] At the same time, an upper limit step surface 25 is provided at the bottom of the mounting cavity 221, and a lower limit step surface 43 is provided on the pull plate 4; the upper limit step surface 25 and the lower limit step surface 43 are both annular structures, and the upper limit step surface 25 and the lower limit step surface 43 are adapted to limit the moving distance of the pull plate 4. The inner diameter of the annular stop cover 23 is not less than the inner diameter of the lower limit step surface 43, and will not affect the movement of the pull plate 4, nor will it affect the lower limit effect of the lower limit step surface 43.

[0049] In this application, the expansion sleeve 3 includes several expansion blocks 31 arranged equidistantly around the circumference. An elastic block (not shown) is positioned between adjacent expansion blocks 31. Both the expansion blocks 31 and the elastic block are positioned on the outer periphery of the tapered portion 21. When the expansion sleeve 3 moves downward, the expansion blocks 31 cooperate with the tapered portion 21 to tighten outward, simultaneously pulling on the elastic blocks and deforming them to facilitate outward support of the workpiece 6. When the expansion sleeve 3 moves upward, the elastic force of the elastic blocks pulls the adjacent expansion blocks 31 closer together and resets them, causing the expansion sleeve 3 to contract inward, thereby releasing the workpiece 6 and facilitating its removal. A pull shaft 41 is correspondingly positioned below the elastic block and does not affect the movement of the expansion block 31.

[0050] Among them, a lower slot 411 is provided on the pull shaft 41, an upper slot 311 is provided on the expansion block 31, and the pull ring 42 is clamped between the upper slot 311 and the lower slot 411; preferably, the pull ring 42 includes two matching half rings, and the two ends of the two half rings abut against each other to form a complete pull ring 42; the setting of the two half rings makes it easy to clamp the pull ring 42 between the pull shaft 41 and the expansion block 31, and facilitates disassembly and installation, wherein the inner wall surfaces of the two half rings are provided with an upper clamping strip 421 and a lower clamping strip 422 respectively adapted to the upper slot 311 and the lower slot 411. During installation, the upper clamping strip 421 is clamped in the upper slot 311, and the lower clamping strip 422 is clamped in the lower slot 411.

[0051] At least two stop pins 26 are installed on the flange part 22, and the stop pins 26 are inserted between the flange part 22 and the pull ring 42; during the processing of the workpiece 6, the clamping tool of the present application clamps the workpiece 6 to rotate. After the expansion sleeve 3 tightens and fixes the workpiece 6, in order to prevent relative friction between the expansion sleeve 3 and the pull ring 42, the stop pin 26 is provided to make the pull ring 42 rotate with the flange part 22, thereby ensuring the synchronization of the rotation of the pull ring 42 and the expansion sleeve 3, and extending the service life of the expansion sleeve 3 and the pull ring 42.

[0052] In this application, a positioning seat 7 is provided on the outside of the expansion sleeve 3. The positioning seat 7 is fixedly connected to the flange portion 22 and defines a pull ring cavity 71 for accommodating the pull ring 42. Vertically, the top end of the expansion sleeve 3 extends outward from the positioning seat 7. The pull ring cavity 71 protects the pull ring 42, the expansion block 31, and the pull shaft 41 from debris generated during the machining of the workpiece 6. Furthermore, the workpiece 6 can be placed on the positioning seat 7 before machining for positioning and rigid support. It should be noted that the positioning seat 7 is an annular structure with an inner diameter larger than the maximum tightening diameter of the expansion sleeve 3, which does not affect the strength and range of the expansion sleeve 3's ability to tighten and secure the workpiece 6.

[0053] Preferably, a coaxially arranged connecting rod 72 is mounted on the conical portion 21, and a pressure plate 73 is sleeved on the connecting rod 72; a compression nut 74 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 72, and the compression nut 74 is vertically arranged on the outer side of the pressure plate 73. The compression nut 74 is used to fix the workpiece 6 to the positioning seat 7 through the pressure plate 73. After the workpiece 6 is placed on the positioning seat 7, the pressure plate 73 is sleeved on the connecting rod 72. The pressure plate 73 can slide up and down along the connecting rod 72. After the pressure plate 73 is pressed on the workpiece 6, the compression nut 74 is installed and screwed to press the pressure plate 73 against the workpiece 6, so that it is fixed to the positioning seat 7.

[0054] When using the present application, the workpiece 6 is first placed on the positioning seat 7, and the workpiece 6 is fastened between the positioning seat 7 and the pressure plate 73 by means of the compression nut 74 and the pressure plate 73. Afterwards, the vertical lathe cylinder moves downward via the pull rod 5, which drives the pull plate 4, the pull shaft 41, and the pull ring 42 to move downward together. The pull ring 42 drives the expansion sleeve 3 to move downward at the same time. The expansion sleeve 3 is adapted to the tapered portion 21, and the expansion sleeve 3 is tightened outward, tightening and fixing the workpiece 6 outside the expansion sleeve 3, thereby achieving fixation of the workpiece 6.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture, characterized by: It includes a fixed seat, a centering cone, an expansion sleeve, a pull plate and a pull rod, all of which are coaxially arranged; The centering cone includes a conical portion and a flange portion, the flange portion is fixedly connected to the fixing seat, and the conical portion is sleeved with the expansion sleeve adapted thereto, and the expansion sleeve is used to tighten and fix the workpiece; The pull plate is arranged near the flange portion, and a plurality of pull shafts are arranged circumferentially on the pull plate. The top ends of the pull shafts pass through the flange portion and are located below the expansion sleeve. A pull ring is installed between the pull shafts and the expansion sleeve. The pull shaft drives the expansion sleeve to move back and forth vertically through the pull ring. The pull plate is fixedly connected to the pull rod, and the pull rod is used for driving connection with the vertical lathe cylinder.

2. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing seat is an annular structure, and the pull rod is located inside the fixing seat.

3. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange portion is provided with an installation cavity, and the pull plate is accommodated in the installation cavity and can move back and forth vertically.

4. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flange portion is fixedly connected to an annular blocking cover, which is arranged outside the installation cavity and is used to block the pull plate; A lubricating oil channel is provided between the inner wall of the installation cavity and the pulling plate.

5. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the installation cavity is provided with an upper limit step surface, and the pull plate is provided with a lower limit step surface; The upper limit step surface and the lower limit step surface are both annular structures, and the upper limit step surface and the lower limit step surface are adapted to limit the moving distance of the pull plate. The inner diameter of the annular stop cover is not less than the inner diameter of the lower limit step surface.

6. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve includes a plurality of expansion blocks equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction, an elastic block is arranged between two adjacent expansion blocks, and both the expansion block and the elastic block are arranged on the outer periphery of the tapered portion; the pulling shaft is correspondingly arranged below the elastic block.

7. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pull shaft is provided with a lower slot, the expansion block is provided with an upper slot, and the pull ring is clamped between the upper slot and the lower slot; The pull ring includes two matching half rings, the two ends of the two half rings abut against each other to form a complete pull ring; the inner wall surfaces of the two half rings are provided with an upper clamping strip and a lower clamping strip respectively matching the upper clamping groove and the lower clamping groove.

8. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two stop pins are installed on the flange portion, and the stop pins are inserted between the flange portion and the pull ring.

9. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning seat, the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the flange portion, and the positioning seat is provided with a pull ring cavity for accommodating the pull ring; In the vertical direction, the top end of the expansion sleeve extends out of the positioning seat and is located outside the positioning seat.

10. The vertical lathe cylinder clamping fixture according to claim 9, characterized in that: A coaxial connecting rod is mounted on the conical portion, and a pressure plate is sleeved on the connecting rod; A compression nut is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, and the compression nut is vertically arranged on the outer side of the pressure plate. The compression nut is used to fix the workpiece on the positioning seat through the pressure plate.

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