Water-saving and pollution-reducing ecological cycle treatment system for irrigation area

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses a water-saving and pollution-reducing ecological circulation treatment system for an irrigation area, which comprises a main channel, a branch channel, a water diversion channel, the irrigation area, a channel tail ecological pool system, a water lifting channel and a pump station, the branch channel is arranged on one side of the main channel, one end of the branch channel is connected with the main channel, and the other end of the branch channel is connected with the water diversion channel. The water inlet end of the water diversion channel is connected with the first water outlet end of the branch channel, the water outlet end of the water diversion channel is connected with the second water outlet end of the branch channel, the irrigation area is located between the branch channel and the water diversion channel, and the water outlet end of the water lifting channel is connected with the branch channel; the water-saving and pollution-reducing ecological cycle treatment system for the irrigation area solves the problems that existing rural domestic sewage treatment has pollution risks, lacks high-quality real-time monitoring data and irrigation water demand prediction and cannot meet the requirement for timely monitoring water quality pollution or change trend.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an ecological circulation treatment system for water saving and pollution reduction in irrigation areas. Background Art

[0002] In terms of similar rural domestic sewage treatment and resource utilization, existing technologies mostly rely on biochemical technology to treat agricultural irrigation sewage. The main problems are inadequate infrastructure, an imbalance between sewage discharge and agricultural irrigation water demand, and pollution risks. First, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides can lead to soil and water pollution, easily disrupting the balance of farmland ecology and affecting soil quality and the sustainable use of water resources. Second, frequent use of the same biochemical reagents may lead to the emergence of pesticide-resistant pests and weeds, reducing their sensitivity to these reagents, thereby increasing the difficulty of pest and weed control and reducing crop yield and quality. Moreover, the residues of biochemical reagents may affect water resource safety, and long-term exposure may pose potential risks to human health, such as chronic toxicity and immune system problems.

[0003] Existing technologies for allocating water in irrigation areas primarily rely on manual water level observation and simple calculations of irrigation volumes. This lack of high-quality, real-time monitoring data and forecasts of irrigation water demand can lead to insufficient or excessive water allocation, impacting crop growth and yield. Excessive irrigation can cause soil salinization and crop stagnation, while insufficient water can affect normal crop growth and yield, and even lead to waste of irrigation water.

[0004] In terms of water quality testing, existing technologies lack accuracy and real-time performance to meet the needs of timely monitoring of water pollution or changing trends. In addition, existing water quality monitoring methods may not be able to effectively cover complex water quality parameters, resulting in a failure to fully understand water quality conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an ecological circulation treatment system for water saving and pollution reduction in irrigation areas, so as to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An irrigation area water-saving and pollution-reduction ecological circulation treatment system comprises a main channel, a branch channel, a diversion channel, an irrigation area, an ecological pool system at the end of the channel, a water-lifting channel and a pumping station. The branch channel is arranged on one side of the main channel, one end of the branch channel is connected to the main channel, the water inlet end of the diversion channel is connected to the first water outlet end of the branch channel, and the water outlet end of the diversion channel is connected to the second water outlet end of the branch channel. The irrigation area is located between the branch channel and the diversion channel, the water outlet end of the water-lifting channel is connected to the branch channel, and the water-lifting channel is located between the diversion channel and the main channel; the ecological pool system at the end of the channel comprises an ecological float, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic unit, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank, an oxidation pond, a filtration tank and an ecological pool connected in sequence. The water outlet ends of the branch channel and the diversion channel are both connected to the water inlet end of the ecological float, and the ecological pool is connected to the water-lifting channel through a pumping station.

[0008] This technical solution features a canal tailwater ecological pond system for wastewater purification and water ecological protection. The system comprises a sequentially connected ecological buoy, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic unit, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank, an oxidation pond, a filtration tank, and an ecological pond. Through continuous treatment steps, it achieves water purification and recycling. First, wastewater from branch canals and diversion channels flows into the ecological buoy, where it intercepts scum and garbage in the wastewater. Next, the wastewater is introduced into the anaerobic tank for initial treatment, providing a suitable anaerobic environment to promote the degradation of organic waste. An anoxic unit, a transitional unit between the anaerobic and aerobic processes, is then installed to balance water flow regulation and denitrification while enhancing the process's inherent deodorization capabilities. A multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank is installed at the outlet, utilizing the terrain's elevation difference. The contact between the water and air increases the water's contact area, elevating the dissolved oxygen content and providing oxygen for subsequent biodegradation. The water then passes through the oxidation pond, where heterotrophic aerobic bacteria degrade organic pollutants. Gravity and flocculation by biological secretions precipitate suspended particulate matter, ultimately purifying the water. Within the filtration pond, nitrogen and phosphorus are removed from the water using biofiltration technology, further purifying the water. The water is ultimately funneled into an ecological pond, where unattended plants, such as cattails and duckweed, are introduced to further absorb remaining organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus. Finally, the pumps within the pumping station are activated, pumping the treated water through a lift channel into a branch canal. This branch canal then re-injects the water into the irrigation area. Plants and aquatic plants are interspersed throughout the irrigation area to circulate the water and ensure uniform water quality throughout the ecological process. A control system monitors water quality parameters and adjusts the system's operating mode based on demand to ensure effective water purification. Cattails and lotus are the preferred plants in the ecological pond, ensuring they can effectively purify the water without requiring excessive human intervention.

[0009] In summary, this technical solution, the canal tail ecological pond system, is a system that combines ecological farming and rice field cultivation, which helps to provide a good ecological environment. By planting rice fields and setting up ecological ponds, the diversity of wetland ecosystems can be increased, promoting the survival and reproduction of organisms such as fish and shrimp. The plants and microorganisms in the ecological ponds can absorb and degrade pollutants in the water, purify the water quality, and improve the environmental quality of the canal water body. This helps to protect water resources and the health of the ecosystem. Ecological ponds not only provide good ecological functions, but also beautify the landscape, increase the landscape value of farmland, and add pleasant scenery to rural areas. The biodiversity in the ecological ponds helps to regulate the farmland ecosystem, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce pollution to the environment.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a rain sensor, a lysimeter and a water level meter. The rain sensor and lysimeter are all set in the irrigation area. The main channel is provided with an inlet gate, the water inlet end of the branch channel is provided with a regulating gate, and the water inlet end of the diversion channel is provided with a diversion gate. The inlet gate, regulating gate and diversion gate are all provided with water level meters. The water level meter has a wireless communication function. The water level meter measures the channel water level information in real time and uploads it to the cloud platform.

[0011] This technical solution can also utilize data from medium- and short-term weather forecasts, combined with data from rainfall sensors, and using lysimeters to measure water evaporation and transpiration losses from the soil-derived plant system, analyze the water requirements for different rice crop distribution areas, and use water from channels and rainfall to supply water. Water level gauges are installed at the water inlet gates, regulating gates, and diversion gates. The water level gauges have wireless communication capabilities and measure channel water level information in real time and upload the calculated data to the cloud platform. The water supply system can dynamically adjust the irrigation volume to avoid insufficient or excessive water supply due to climate change or changes in crop growth status. More accurate predictions of crop water needs can be made, thereby optimizing water supply plans for irrigation areas and improving water resource utilization efficiency and agricultural production levels.

[0012] Specifically, an inlet gate is installed in the main channel to control the irrigation volume for the entire section. A regulating gate is installed at the inlet end of the branch channel to adjust the water volume in the branch channel, taking into account water flow, water level fluctuations, soil type, surrounding environment, and the characteristics of the water body to be regulated. A diversion gate is installed at the inlet end of the diversion channel to regulate the flow of water in the diversion channel by controlling the opening and closing of the diversion gate. The opening and closing of the inlet gate, regulating gate, and diversion gate can be manually or automatically controlled as needed to achieve precise water level regulation.

[0013] Inlet gates, regulating gates, and diversion gates enable precise control of water flow, including adjusting parameters like water level and flow rate, to meet the irrigation needs of different plots and crops, ensuring efficient use of water resources. Combined with rain gauges and lysimeters, precise irrigation can be achieved based on factors such as soil moisture, crop growth status, and meteorological conditions, avoiding over-irrigation and water waste, thereby conserving water and improving water resource utilization. Precise irrigation management can prevent water waste and soil erosion and salinization caused by over-irrigation, improve irrigation efficiency, protect soil quality, and promote crop growth. The system automates water flow control and irrigation management, reducing manual management costs and labor intensity, improving management efficiency, and conserving human resources. This reduces over-exploitation and over-use of water resources, conserving water resources, and reducing pesticide and fertilizer use, as well as pollution emissions, thereby maintaining a balanced and stable ecological environment.

[0014] This technical solution can precisely control the amount and timing of field irrigation water according to actual needs, effectively reducing ineffective water replenishment. By conserving water, irrigation costs can be reduced and water resource utilization efficiency improved. Irrigation water volume can be adjusted based on the water requirements and growth stages of different crops, ensuring that crops receive the appropriate amount of water, thereby improving irrigation effectiveness and yield.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: In this technical solution, the canal tail ecological pool system is used to purify wastewater and protect the ecological environment of the water body. The system includes an ecological float, an anaerobic pool, an anoxic unit, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation pool, an oxidation pond, a filtration pool and an ecological pool connected in sequence. After continuous treatment steps, the purpose of water purification and recycling is achieved. First, the sewage from the branch canal and the diversion canal flows into the ecological float, and the ecological float is used to intercept the scum and garbage in the wastewater. Secondly, the wastewater is introduced into the anaerobic pool for initial treatment. By providing a suitable anaerobic environment, the degradation process of organic waste is promoted. Then, a transition unit between anaerobic and aerobic is set up - the anoxic unit, which takes into account water volume regulation and denitrification while strengthening the deodorization function of the process itself. A multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation pool is set up at its outlet using the height difference of the terrain. Through the waterfall contact, the contact area between the water body and the air is increased, the dissolved oxygen content in the water is increased, and oxygen is provided for subsequent biodegradation. The water then passes through the oxidation pond, where heterotrophic aerobic bacteria degrade organic pollutants. Gravity and the flocculation of biological secretions precipitate suspended particulate matter, purifying the water. Within the filtration pond, nitrogen and phosphorus removal biofiltration technology is used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, further purifying the water. The water is ultimately funneled into the ecological pond, where unmanaged plants, such as cattails and duckweed, are introduced to further absorb remaining organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus. Finally, the pumps within the pumping station are activated, pumping the treated water through the pumping channel into the branch canal. This branch canal then re-injects it into the irrigation area. Plants and aquatic plants are planted throughout the irrigation area to circulate the water and ensure uniform water quality throughout the ecological process. A control system monitors water quality parameters and adjusts the system's operating mode based on demand to ensure effective water purification.

[0016] In summary, this technical solution, the canal tail ecological pond system, is a system that combines ecological farming and rice field cultivation, which helps to provide a good ecological environment. By planting rice fields and setting up ecological ponds, the diversity of wetland ecosystems can be increased, promoting the survival and reproduction of organisms such as fish and shrimp. The plants and microorganisms in the ecological ponds can absorb and degrade pollutants in the water, purify the water quality, and improve the environmental quality of the canal water body. This helps to protect water resources and the health of the ecosystem. Ecological ponds not only provide good ecological functions, but also beautify the landscape, increase the landscape value of farmland, and add pleasant scenery to rural areas. The biodiversity in the ecological ponds helps to regulate the farmland ecosystem, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the canal tail ecological pond system in this utility model.

[0019] In the figure: main channel 1; branch channel 2; diversion channel 3; irrigation area 4; channel tail ecological pond system 5; water lifting channel 6; pumping station 7; ecological buoy 8; anaerobic pond 9; anoxic unit 10; multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank 11; oxidation pond 12; filtration tank 13; ecological pond 14; water intake gate 15; regulating gate 16; diversion gate 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structures of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an irrigation area water-saving and pollution-reduction ecological circulation treatment system, including a main channel 1, a branch channel 2, a diversion channel 3, an irrigation area 4, a channel tail ecological pool system 5, a water-lifting channel 6 and a pumping station 7. The branch channel 2 is arranged on one side of the main channel 1, one end of the branch channel 2 is connected to the main channel 1, the water inlet end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the first water outlet end of the branch channel 2, and the water outlet end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the second water outlet end of the branch channel 2. The irrigation area 4 is located between the branch channel 2 and the diversion channel 3, the water outlet end of the water-lifting channel 6 is connected to the branch channel 2, and the water-lifting channel 6 is located between the diversion channel 3 and the main channel 1; the channel tail ecological pool system 5 includes an ecological float 8, an anaerobic tank 9, an anoxic unit 10, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank 11, an oxidation pond 12, a filter tank 13 and an ecological pool 14 connected in sequence, the water outlet ends of the branch channel 2 and the diversion channel 3 are both connected to the water inlet end of the ecological float 8, and the ecological pool 14 is connected to the water-lifting channel 6 through the pumping station 7.

[0023] In this technical solution, the canal tail ecological pond system 5 is used to purify wastewater and protect the aquatic ecosystem. The system includes an ecological float 8, an anaerobic tank 9, an anoxic unit 10, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank 11, an oxidation pond 12, a filtration tank 13, and an ecological pond 14, which are connected in sequence. After a series of treatment steps, the water is purified and recycled. First, sewage from the branch canal 2 and the diversion canal 3 flows into the ecological float 8, which intercepts scum and garbage in the wastewater. Then, the wastewater is introduced into the anaerobic tank 9 for initial treatment. By providing a suitable anaerobic environment, the degradation process of organic waste is promoted. Then, a transition unit between anaerobic and aerobic conditions, the anoxic unit 10, is installed. This unit takes into account water flow regulation and denitrification while strengthening the deodorization function of the process itself. At the outlet, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank 11 is installed, taking advantage of the elevation difference. The waterfall contact increases the contact area between the water and the air, raising the dissolved oxygen content in the water and providing oxygen for subsequent biodegradation. The water then passes through oxidation pond 12, where heterotrophic aerobic bacteria degrade organic pollutants. Gravity and the flocculation of biological secretions precipitate suspended particulate matter, purifying the water. In filter pond 13, nitrogen and phosphorus are removed from the water using biological filtration technology, further purifying the water. Finally, the water flows into ecological pond 14, where unattended plants, such as cattails and duckweed, are introduced to further absorb remaining organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus. Finally, the pumps in pumping station 7 are activated, pumping treated water through pumping channel 6 into branch channel 2, which then re-injects it into irrigation area 4. Plants and aquatic plants are planted throughout irrigation area 4 to circulate the water and ensure uniform water quality throughout the ecological process. A control system monitors water quality parameters and adjusts the system operating mode according to demand to ensure effective water purification. The preferred plants in ecological pond 14 are primarily cattails and lotus, ensuring effective water purification without requiring excessive manual management.

[0024] In summary, the technical solution, the canal tail ecological pond system 5 is a system that combines ecological breeding and rice field planting, which helps to provide a good ecological environment. By planting rice fields and setting up ecological ponds 14, the diversity of wetland ecosystems can be increased, and the survival and reproduction of organisms such as fish and shrimp can be promoted. The plants and microorganisms in the ecological ponds 14 can absorb and degrade pollutants in the water, purify the water quality, and improve the environmental quality of the channel water body. This helps to protect the health of water resources and ecosystems. The ecological pond 14 can not only provide good ecological functions, but also beautify the landscape, increase the landscape value of farmland, and add pleasant scenery to rural areas. The biodiversity in the ecological pond 14 helps to regulate the farmland ecosystem, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce pollution to the environment.

[0025] It should be noted that the pump station 7 includes a water pump, a control system, a sensor, a communication module and a check valve. The control system monitors parameters such as water level, water quality, and equipment status of the pump station 7 in real time through sensors, and implements intelligent control strategies based on the monitoring data. The communication module realizes real-time communication with the remote monitoring center to remotely monitor and remotely control the operating status of the pump station 7. According to the real-time monitoring data and the preset control strategy, the operation of the pump station 7 is intelligently managed, thereby improving the operating efficiency and stability of the pump station 7. A water level sensor is installed to monitor the operating parameters of the pump station 7 in real time. The control strategy is set according to the actual situation, including the water level control strategy, the equipment operation strategy, etc. According to the sensor monitoring data and the set control strategy, the control system automatically adjusts the operating status of the pump station 7 to realize intelligent management and control. Real-time communication is carried out with the remote monitoring center through the communication module to realize remote monitoring and remote control of the operating status of the pump station 7.

[0026] Example 2:

[0027] This embodiment is optimized based on the above embodiment 1.

[0028] It also includes a rain sensor, a lysimeter and a water level gauge. The rain sensor and the lysimeter are both set in the irrigation area 4. The main channel 1 is provided with a water inlet gate 15, the water inlet end of the branch channel 2 is provided with a regulating gate 16, and the water inlet end of the diversion channel 3 is provided with a diversion gate 17. The water inlet gate 15, the regulating gate 16 and the diversion gate 17 are all provided with water level gauges. The water level gauges have wireless communication functions. The water level gauges measure the channel water level information in real time and upload it to the cloud platform.

[0029] This technical solution can also utilize data from medium- and short-term weather forecasts, combined with data from rainfall sensors, and using lysimeters to measure water evaporation and transpiration losses from the soil-derived plant system, analyze the water requirements for different rice crop distribution areas, and use water from canals and rainfall to supply water. Water level gauges are installed at the water inlet gate 15, the regulating gate 16, and the diversion gate 17. The water level gauges have wireless communication capabilities and measure canal water level information in real time and upload it to the cloud platform for calculation. The water supply system can dynamically adjust the irrigation volume to avoid insufficient or excessive water supply caused by climate change or changes in crop growth status. More accurately predicting crop water needs can optimize the water supply plan for irrigation area 4, improving water resource utilization efficiency and agricultural production levels.

[0030] The steps to analyze the water requirements for rice crops in different distribution areas are as follows:

[0031] According to the water balance, the amount of irrigation water required on the second day = the amount of water required for rice growth at different stages - channel flow - the predicted effective daily precipitation on the second day

[0032] (1) Calculate the amount of water required for rice growth at different stages;

[0033] Empirical method:

[0034] A. Comparative analysis of the best irrigation methods

[0035] Guilin's irrigation areas mostly plant double-season rice. The early rice planting period has abundant rainfall. The early growth period of late rice is in August, when the temperature is high and the evaporation and transpiration is large. In the later period, the temperature drops and the rainfall decreases. Compared with the rainfall during the early rice growing period, the gap in irrigation and water replenishment is larger.

[0036] The following Tables 1 and 2 are calculated based on the meteorological data from the Guilin Irrigation Experiment Station from 1954 to 2008:

[0037] Table 1 Comparison of water use efficiency under different irrigation modes (Guilin, early rice)

[0038] Irrigation mode Intermittent general storage Intermittent deep storage Bolupuxu Thin dew, deep accumulation Thin and shallow wet sun-dried general storage Thin, shallow, wet, sun-dried, deep Control general storage Control deep storage Water consumption / mm 584.51 585.29 583.30 585.91 587.05 587.67 544.45 574.56 Irrigation quota / mm 130.36 111.27 132.00 111.64 152.00 113.82 154.55 79.09 Watering times / times 2.65 2.29 3.25 2.71 6.27 4.45 6.85 3.24 Irrigation quota / mm 49.11 48.57 40.56 41.21 24.23 25.55 22.55 24.44 Leakage volume / mm 221.45 222.23 220.24 222.85 223.99 224.62 181.39 211.50 Displacement / mm 499.42 479.57 503.08 479.73 519.35 480.01 567.66 459.63 Effective rainfall / mm 436.13 473.44 425.11 475.17 408.83 474.47 348.91 492.55 Effective utilization rate of rainfall / % 51.22 55.65 50.07 55.88 48.12 55.85 40.85 57.77

[0039] Table 2 Comparison of water use efficiency under different irrigation modes (Guilin, late rice)

[0040] Irrigation mode Intermittent general storage Intermittent deep storage Bolupuxu Thin dew, deep accumulation Thin and shallow wet sun-dried general storage Thin, shallow, wet, sun-dried, deep Control general storage Control deep storage Water consumption / mm 564.56 565.21 563.76 565.89 573.65 572.75 510.58 524.64 Irrigation quota / mm 319.26 301.85 316.67 304.63 332.04 312.04 277.04 250.74 Watering times / times 6.31 5.94 7.76 7.39 13.87 12.96 11.35 10.30 Irrigation quota / mm 50.56 50.78 40.81 41.23 23.94 24.07 24.40 24.35 Leakage volume / mm 178.44 179.10 177.64 179.77 187.54 186.63 124.47 138.52 Displacement / mm 133.99 116.31 131.89 117.88 136.43 117.68 149.26 107.05 Effective rainfall / mm 214.37 236.46 210.05 235.16 206.46 235.38 188.16 242.68 Effective utilization rate of rainfall / % 71.57 78.35 69.97 77.83 69.04 77.92 63.09 79.74

[0041] Each irrigation system has two upper limits for post-rainfall water levels. The first refers to the water storage depths currently used in various irrigation models. This is generally based on the water sensitivity of each growth stage, adding 20 to 40 mm to the upper limit (hereinafter referred to as "general storage"). The second refers to the maximum flooding depth that rice can tolerate without waterlogging under water-saving irrigation conditions, as well as the maximum water storage depth for each rice growth stage under flooded irrigation (hereinafter referred to as "deep storage").

[0042] For the same irrigation mode, the "deep storage" mode can reduce the irrigation quota by 5% to 20% compared to the "general storage" mode, while increasing the effective utilization rate of rainfall by 10% to 40%. It also reduces the number of irrigations, increases the storage space for water after rain, and helps improve irrigation water use efficiency. Therefore, the "deep storage" mode is preferred.

[0043] In the "deep storage" mode, the difference between controlled deep storage and intermittent deep storage is not much, but the intermittent irrigation mode has the highest irrigation quota and fewer irrigation times. Compared with other irrigation systems, it is easier to promote in practice.

[0044] Therefore, intermittent deep storage irrigation method is adopted.

[0045] B. The water control standards for the rice water-saving irrigation method used in the calculation are shown in Table 3.

[0046]

[0047] Note: ωb represents the saturated soil moisture content (measured by a soil moisture monitor), and the unit of water layer depth is mm, the same below; the water control of the four irrigation modes at the late tillering stage and the yellow ripening stage is the same.

[0048] Penman-Monteis formula method:

[0049] Based on the potential evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of different crops at different growth stages, the actual evapotranspiration at different growth stages, i.e. the crop water requirement, is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0050] ET c =K c ×ET0

[0051] Among them, ET c is the actual water requirement of the crop (mm); K c is the crop coefficient of each crop, and ET0 is the potential evapotranspiration of the crop (mm).

[0052] K c :

[0053] Rice is divided into the early growth period from April to June (sowing-tillering period), the middle growth period from July to August (jointing-heading period) and the late growth period from September (milky-mature period). c is 1.20, K in the middle reproductive period c is 1.22, and K in the late reproductive period c is 1.07;

[0054] ET0:

[0055] Based on the Penman-Monteith formula recommended by FAO, this method has been adopted by the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) as the standard procedure for calculating evapotranspiration. Combined with FAO's CROPWAT8.0 software, the following is calculated:

[0056]

[0057] Where ET0 is the crop potential evapotranspiration (mm); Δ is the slope between the temperature change curve and the saturated water vapor pressure (kPa·℃ -1 ); Rn is the net radiation of crops (MJ·m -2 ·d -1 ); G is soil heat flux (MJ·m -2 ·d -1 ); γ is the psychrometric constant (kPa·℃ -1 ); T is the air temperature (℃); u2 is the average wind speed at 2m above the ground (m·s -1 );es is the saturated water vapor pressure (kPa); e a is the actual water vapor pressure (kPa).

[0058] Δ: The slope between the temperature change curve and the saturated water vapor pressure (kPa·℃ -1 )

[0059]

[0060] Among them, e0(T): is the water vapor pressure when the air temperature is T, and the calculation formula is:

[0061] e0(T)=0.6108×(e ((17.27×T) / (T+237.3)) )

[0062] Rn: Net radiation of crops (MJ·m -2 ·d -1 )

[0063] Net radiation ≈ solar shortwave radiation - longwave radiation

[0064] (2) Measure the channel water level using a water level gauge;

[0065] (3) Calculate effective precipitation;

[0066] The effective rainfall calculation formula is determined according to the method of the Soil Conservation Service of the United States Department of Agriculture and is calculated using the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, Pe is the daily effective rainfall (mm), and P is the daily rainfall (mm).

[0069] Specifically, an inlet gate 15 is installed in the main channel 1 to control the irrigation volume for the entire section. A regulating gate 16 is installed at the inlet end of the branch channel 2 to adjust the water volume in the branch channel 2, taking into account water flow, water level fluctuations, soil type, surrounding environment, and the characteristics of the water body to be regulated. A diversion gate 17 is installed at the inlet end of the diversion channel 3 to regulate the flow of water in the diversion channel 3 by controlling the opening and closing of diversion gate 17. The opening and closing of inlet gate 15, regulating gate 16, and diversion gate 17 can be manually or automatically controlled as needed to achieve precise water level regulation.

[0070] The inlet gate 15, regulating gate 16, and diversion gate 17 enable precise control of water flow, including adjusting parameters such as water level and flow rate, to meet the irrigation needs of different plots and crops, ensuring the efficient use of water resources. Combined with rain gauges and lysimeters, precise irrigation can be achieved based on factors such as soil moisture, crop growth status, and meteorological conditions, avoiding over-irrigation and water waste, thereby saving water and improving water resource utilization. Precise irrigation management can avoid water waste and soil erosion and salinization caused by over-irrigation, improve irrigation efficiency, protect soil quality, and promote crop growth. The system can achieve automated water flow control and irrigation management, reducing manual management costs and labor intensity, improving management efficiency, and conserving human resources. It can also reduce over-exploitation and over-use of water resources, conserving water resources, and simultaneously reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers, reducing pollution emissions, and contributing to the maintenance of a balanced and stable ecological environment.

[0071] This technical solution can precisely control the amount and timing of field irrigation water according to actual needs, effectively reducing ineffective water replenishment. By conserving water, irrigation costs can be reduced and water resource utilization efficiency improved. Irrigation water volume can be adjusted based on the water requirements and growth stages of different crops, ensuring that crops receive the appropriate amount of water, thereby improving irrigation effectiveness and yield.

[0072] This technical solution can realize the automatic regulation of field water volume and water utilization efficiency in the channel, and improve the utilization efficiency of sewage, so as to achieve the effects of saving water, increasing production and reducing pollution, and enriching ecological diversity, implement the concept of "one water, multiple uses, ecological cycle", and build a good ecological circulation system.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological recycling treatment system for water conservation and pollution reduction in irrigation areas, characterized by: It includes a main channel, branch channels, diversion channels, irrigation areas, an ecological pond system at the end of the channel, a water-lifting channel and a pumping station. The branch channel is arranged on one side of the main channel, one end of the branch channel is connected to the main channel, the water inlet end of the diversion channel is connected to the first water outlet end of the branch channel, the water outlet end of the diversion channel is connected to the second water outlet end of the branch channel, the irrigation area is located between the branch channel and the diversion channel, the water outlet end of the water-lifting channel is connected to the branch channel, and the water-lifting channel is located between the diversion channel and the main channel; the ecological pond system at the end of the channel includes an ecological float, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic unit, a multi-stage waterfall contact oxygenation tank, an oxidation pond, a filtration tank and an ecological pond connected in sequence, the water outlet ends of the branch channel and the diversion channel are connected to the water inlet end of the ecological float, and the ecological pond is connected to the water-lifting channel through a pumping station.

2. The water-saving and pollution-reducing ecological cycle treatment system for irrigation areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a rain sensor, a lysimeter and a water level meter. The rain sensor and lysimeter are all set up in the irrigation area. The main channel is provided with an inlet gate, the water inlet end of the branch channel is provided with a regulating gate, and the water inlet end of the diversion channel is provided with a diversion gate. The inlet gate, the regulating gate and the diversion gate are all provided with water level meters. The water level meters have wireless communication functions. The water level meters measure the channel water level information in real time and upload it to the cloud platform.

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