Cooling wall for blast furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cooling wall for a blast furnace, which comprises a heat exchange layer configured to export heat transferred by the blast furnace; the supporting layer is arranged on the side, away from the interior of the blast furnace, of the heat exchange layer and is configured to increase the strength of the heat exchange layer; the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the side, close to the interior of the blast furnace, of the heat exchange layer and is configured to reduce wear of the side, close to the interior of the blast furnace, of the heat exchange layer; wherein the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the heat exchange layer through a composite process or a mechanical connection mode. By arranging the wear-resistant layer, the heat exchange layer can be prevented from being directly exposed in the blast furnace, the heat exchange layer can be effectively protected, the situation that the heat exchange layer is damaged by the internal environment of the blast furnace, and consequently the cooling wall fails is prevented, and the service life of the cooling wall is prolonged advantageously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of blast furnace cooling equipment, in particular to a cooling wall for a blast furnace. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's blast furnace smelting technology has achieved remarkable development, with output consistently ranking first in the world. This progress has been made in upgrading blast furnace technology to larger, more modern, and more efficient equipment. The elimination of outdated equipment and production capacity, along with the intensification of supply-side structural reforms, has yielded significant results. Furthermore, in recent years, the number of blast furnaces in my country has shifted from increasing to decreasing, while the average capacity of blast furnaces has continued to expand. The production efficiency of individual blast furnaces has steadily improved, and this development trend is promising.

[0003] However, blast furnaces are generally made of steel plates as furnace shells, and refractory brick linings are built inside the shell to protect the furnace shell. In order to reduce the heat radiation from the high temperature in the furnace to the furnace shell, a cooling wall needs to be set between the furnace shell and the refractory brick lining to conduct heat. Since copper has high thermal conductivity, copper is usually used to make cooling walls to smoothly conduct the heat transferred in the blast furnace; however, copper has low mechanical strength and is easily worn and deformed due to the environment inside the blast furnace. With reference to the Chinese patent document with patent number 202220090208.7, a large blast furnace hearth cooling cast copper cooling wall is disclosed, comprising four cooling wall bodies spliced together, and matching slots and plugs are provided on the two cooling wall bodies spliced together, and nickel-based high-temperature resistant alloys are welded in the slots and plugs respectively, and matching bolt fixing holes are provided in the slots and plugs respectively, and bolts are threaded in the bolt fixing holes.

[0004] In the above solution, the cooling staves are in direct contact with the interior of the blast furnace, exposing the side of the cooling stave closest to the furnace to prolonged high temperatures. This makes the cooling staves susceptible to deformation and damage. Without structural optimization, it would be difficult to effectively extend the cooling stave's service life. In particular, the copper side of the cooling stave, facing the blast furnace interior, is subject to constant impact from particles carried by the airflow, making it susceptible to wear. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes a cooling wall for a blast furnace, comprising: a heat exchange layer, which is configured to conduct heat transferred from the blast furnace; a support layer, which is arranged on the side of the heat exchange layer away from the interior of the blast furnace, and is configured to increase the strength of the heat exchange layer; and a wear-resistant layer, which is arranged on the side of the heat exchange layer close to the interior of the blast furnace, and is configured to reduce the wear of the heat exchange layer on the side close to the interior of the blast furnace; wherein the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the heat exchange layer by a composite process or mechanical connection.

[0006] The cooling wall as described above, the mechanical inlay and the bolt connection.

[0007] In the cooling wall as described above, the heat exchange layer is made of copper or copper alloy with a thickness of 50 mm to 90 mm.

[0008] In the cooling wall as described above, the wear-resistant layer is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 3-10 mm, such as 304 stainless steel, 310 stainless steel, 310S stainless steel, 316 stainless steel or 316L stainless steel.

[0009] In the cooling wall as described above, the wear-resistant layer is provided on the heat exchange layer by a composite process selected from the group consisting of explosive composite, laser cladding, and electroplating.

[0010] As described above, the cooling wall, the side of the heat exchange layer close to the blast furnace includes a plurality of dovetail grooves, and the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the groove tops of the plurality of dovetail grooves.

[0011] In the cooling wall as described above, the width of the groove top is 40-70 mm.

[0012] In the cooling wall as described above, no gap is included between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer.

[0013] In the cooling wall as described above, the depth of the dovetail groove is 30-45 mm.

[0014] In the cooling wall as described above, the distance between the bottom of the dovetail groove and the cooling water cavity between the heat exchange layer and the support layer is 10-30 mm.

[0015] By setting a wear-resistant layer, the present application can avoid the heat exchange layer from being directly exposed to the inside of the blast furnace, effectively protect the heat exchange layer, and prevent the internal environment of the blast furnace from damaging the heat exchange layer, which may cause the cooling wall to fail, and is beneficial to improving the service life of the cooling wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Below, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1A and Figure 1B Schematic diagram of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 An exploded view of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cooling wall according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a cooling wall according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a cooling wall according to another embodiment of the present application; and

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a steel brick according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the detailed description that follows, reference may be made to the various drawings that form part of this application and illustrate specific embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, similar reference numerals describe substantially similar components in different figures. Each specific embodiment of the present application is described below in sufficient detail to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to implement the technical solutions of the present application. It should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized or that structural, logical, or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] The cooling stave is one of the main equipment of the blast furnace. Currently, there are mainly cast steel cooling staves, cast iron cooling staves, copper cooling staves and composite cooling staves. Among them, due to the high thermal conductivity of copper, copper cooling staves are often used in the blast furnace bosh, furnace waist and lower part of the furnace body. Among these parts of the blast furnace, the furnace environment is the most complex and harsh, which can easily cause wear and deformation to the copper cooling stave, leading to damage to the cooling stave.

[0030] This application proposes a new type of cooling wall, in which a wear-resistant layer is arranged on the side of the cooling wall close to the furnace, which can effectively prevent the wear and deformation of the cooling wall, is beneficial to improving the cooling wall's ability to resist high temperatures in the furnace, and its ability to resist corrosion, thereby increasing the service life of the cooling wall, effectively protecting the blast furnace, and being beneficial to the stable operation of the blast furnace and the increase in output.

[0031] The technical solution of this application is further described below through specific implementation methods. Those skilled in the art should understand that the following description is only for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the technical solution of this application and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] Figure 1A and Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0033] As shown, the cooling stave 100 includes a heat exchange layer 110, a support layer 120, and a wear-resistant layer 130. The support layer 120 and the wear-resistant layer 130 are disposed on either side of the heat exchange layer 110, and the heat exchange layer 110 is used to extract heat transferred from the blast furnace. The support layer 120 can be used to increase the strength of the heat exchange layer 110, while the wear-resistant layer 130 is closer to the interior of the blast furnace than the support layer 120, thereby reducing wear on the heat exchange layer and preventing damage to the cooling stave from the internal environment of the blast furnace, thereby increasing the service life of the cooling stave. In some embodiments, the support layer 120 and / or the wear-resistant layer 130 can be disposed on the heat exchange layer through a composite process or mechanical connection.

[0034] In some embodiments, heat exchange layer 110 may be made of a highly thermally conductive material to facilitate rapid heat removal from the blast furnace. In some embodiments, the highly thermally conductive material may be copper or a copper alloy. In some embodiments, the heat exchange layer may be 50 mm to 90 mm thick.

[0035] In some embodiments, the support layer can be made of a high-strength material and positioned on the side of the heat exchange layer away from the blast furnace interior. This improves the mechanical strength of the heat exchange layer and enhances the stability of the overall cooling stave structure. In some embodiments, the high-strength material can be steel or stainless steel. Examples include Q235 steel, Q345 steel, 20 steel, 304 stainless steel, 310 stainless steel, and 310S stainless steel. In some embodiments, the support layer can be 10 mm to 30 mm thick, which helps reduce the use of heat exchange layer material and lowers the manufacturing cost of the cooling stave.

[0036] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant layer may be a highly wear-resistant material, which is arranged on the side of the heat exchange layer close to the interior of the blast furnace and covers all or part of the surface of the heat exchange layer, which can reduce the wear on the surface of the heat exchange layer close to the interior of the blast furnace. In some embodiments, the highly wear-resistant material may be stainless steel. For example: 304 stainless steel, 310 stainless steel, 310S stainless steel, 316 stainless steel, 316L stainless steel or other austenitic stainless steels. According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the wear-resistant layer may be 310S stainless steel, which can make the cooling wall have good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and make the cooling wall have higher creep resistance, can continue to operate at high temperatures, and have good high temperature resistance. In some embodiments, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is at least 3 mm, which is conducive to effectively protecting the heat exchange layer. According to one embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer may be 3-10 mm.

[0037] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant layer can be provided on the heat exchange layer by explosive lamination, laser cladding or electroplating, which can make the heat exchange layer and the wear-resistant layer tightly connected, increase the bonding strength between the heat exchange layer and the wear-resistant layer, effectively prevent the high temperature in the furnace from damaging the connection between the two, and prevent the connection interface between the two from breaking, affecting the stability of the overall structure of the cooling wall and improving the service life of the cooling wall. In some embodiments, the bonding strength between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer can be at least 200MPa. In some embodiments, the wear-resistant layer can also be provided on the heat exchange layer by mechanical inlay, bolt connection or welding, which is simple in process and easy to manufacture, and helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the cooling wall. In some embodiments, the bonding strength between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer can be at least 100MPa.

[0038] In some embodiments, the heat exchange layer 110 includes a plurality of dovetail grooves 111 on the side closest to the blast furnace interior. A wear-resistant layer 130 is disposed on the heat exchange layer 110, proximate the tops of the dovetail grooves. In some embodiments, the dovetail grooves are arranged parallel and spaced apart on the surface of the heat exchange layer on the side closest to the blast furnace interior. In some embodiments, the dovetail grooves are located between two adjacent wear-resistant layers, such that the dovetail grooves and the wear-resistant layers are arranged in an alternating pattern on the surface of the heat exchange layer. Alternatively, the dovetail grooves divide the wear-resistant layer into multiple sections, and the wear-resistant layer may not be disposed within the dovetail grooves.

[0039] In some embodiments, the width of the groove top or the wear-resistant layer can be 40 mm to 70 mm, which facilitates the connection between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer, helps to strengthen the connection strength between the two, and improves the stability of the overall structure of the cooling wall.

[0040] Due to the presence of the dovetail groove, the bonding lines between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer will increase and be exposed. In some embodiments, there is no gap between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer, thereby preventing the gap from affecting the connection or bonding strength between the two, making it impossible to resist the erosion of the harsh environment in the furnace and affecting the service life of the cooling wall.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cooling wall 100 may further include one or more cavities 140, which are arranged between the heat exchange layer 110 and the support layer 120, and can be used to accommodate the passage of cooling water, perform heat exchange on the heat exchange layer, and conduct the heat out. In some embodiments, the cavity 140 may occupy part of the heat exchange layer and part of the support layer. In some embodiments, the extension direction of the cavity 140 is perpendicular to the direction of the dovetail groove 111. In some embodiments, the distance between the cavity 140 and the bottom of the dovetail groove may be 10mm-30mm. When there are no steel bricks installed in the dovetail groove, for example, the steel bricks are distributed at intervals, and there is a gap between two adjacent steel bricks, the slag in the furnace drips into the dovetail groove, and the cooling water in the cavity 140 flows through to realize heat exchange, which can quickly condense the slag into slag skin, which is conducive to the slag condensing into slag skin in the dovetail groove, thereby protecting the cooling wall and extending the service life of the cooling wall.

[0042] In some embodiments, one or more grooves 141 extending along the inner surface of at least part or all of the cavity 140 are formed in the heat exchange layer. This increases the contact area between the heat exchange layer and the cavity 140, thereby increasing the contact area between the cooling water and the heat exchange layer. This improves the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling water and the heat exchange layer, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the cooling stave, ensuring the overall structural stability of the cooling stave, extending its service life, and promoting stable operation and output of the blast furnace. In some embodiments, the grooves 141 can increase the contact area between the heat exchange layer and the cavity by at least 10%.

[0043] In some embodiments, the spacing between grooves 141 is 5-25 mm, and multiple grooves are evenly spaced in the cavity to guide the cooling water to flow evenly, thereby avoiding affecting the flow pattern of the fluid and thus affecting the flow rate of the cooling water. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the groove can be rectangular, with a depth of 1-10 mm and a width of 5-25 mm. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the groove can also be other shapes, such as an inverted triangle, with a depth of 1-10 mm and a top width of 5-25 mm.

[0044] In some embodiments, the cavity 140 may include a chamfer on one side of the support layer 120 to form a horseshoe-shaped cavity cross-section, thereby occupying part of the support layer, which can increase the cross-sectional area of the cavity, is conducive to increasing the cooling water flow rate, can speed up the heat extraction efficiency of the heat exchange layer, is conducive to the stability of the overall structure of the cooling wall, and extends the cooling service life.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cooling stave may further include an inlet pipe 101 and an outlet pipe 102. Both the inlet pipe 101 and the outlet pipe 102 are disposed on the support layer 120 and communicate with both ends of the cavity 140, respectively, to accommodate cooling water in and out of the cavity 140. In some embodiments, the inlet and outlet pipes have the same cross-sectional dimensions as the cavity 140 to prevent variations in pipe cross-section from affecting the flow rate of the cooling water.

[0046] Although the present application provides a wear-resistant layer on the side of the cooling stave close to the interior of the blast furnace, in order to further increase the service life of the cooling stave and prevent the cooling stave from being directly exposed to the interior of the blast furnace, the present application has made corresponding improvements on the side of the cooling stave close to the interior of the blast furnace. This will be described in detail below.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling wall for a blast furnace according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0048] As shown in the figure, the cooling stave 500 includes: a heat exchange layer 510, a support layer 520, and a wear-resistant layer 530. The support layer 520 and the wear-resistant layer 530 are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat exchange layer 510, which is similar to the embodiment of Figure 1 and will not be described again here. In some embodiments, the cooling stave 500 may also include a plurality of slag hooks 540, which are arranged on the wear-resistant layer and extend into the interior of the blast furnace, thereby providing a slag base for the cooling stave and increasing the slag adhesion of the cooling stave. In some embodiments, the slag hooks can be made of steel or stainless steel, which facilitates the connection of the slag hooks to the wear-resistant layer, and the connection between the two will not be damaged by the high temperature of the blast furnace, which is conducive to increasing the stability of the overall structure of the cooling stave.

[0049] In some embodiments, the slag hook 540 includes a mother rod 541 and multiple slag rods 542. One end of the mother rod 541 is connected to the wear-resistant layer 530. The multiple slag rods 542 are connected to the other end of the mother rod 541 and extend outward in different directions. In some embodiments, the slag rods extending in different directions form an angle. The angle can be 30-120 degrees. In some embodiments, the slag hook can be integrally formed to increase the overall structural strength of the slag hook. In some embodiments, the slag hook can also be formed by welding to facilitate its manufacture.

[0050] In some embodiments, the side of the heat exchange layer 510 near the interior of the blast furnace includes multiple dovetail grooves 511. A heat-resistant layer 530 is disposed on the heat exchange layer 510, near the top of the dovetail grooves. This is similar to the embodiment in FIG1 and will not be further described here. In some embodiments, multiple slag hooks are arranged at equal or unequal intervals on the heat-resistant layer 530 near the top of the grooves, interlaced with the dovetail grooves to ensure that the dovetail grooves do not interfere with the fit of the dovetail grooves with other components.

[0051] In some embodiments, the heat exchange layer 510 near the blast furnace includes multiple refractory components positioned within the dovetail slots and spaced apart from multiple slag hooks. This protects the dovetail slots, preventing them from being directly exposed to the blast furnace interior. In some embodiments, the rows of refractory components positioned within the dovetail slots are spaced apart from the rows of slag hooks positioned on the wear-resistant layer. In some embodiments, the slag hooks 540 can also be inserted into the refractory components. The slag hooks and dovetail slots secure the refractory components, preventing them from detaching from the cooling staves.

[0052] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of a cooling wall according to an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the refractory part can be a Si3N4-SiC brick 710, which has the characteristics of high density, high strength, good thermal shock stability, corrosion resistance, and good thermal conductivity. It can effectively protect the cooling wall and smoothly conduct heat. In some embodiments, the Si3N4-SiC bricks can be closely arranged in the dovetail groove, and the surface protruding from the cooling wall is tightly fitted with the wear-resistant layer of the top of the adjacent dovetail groove and extends into the interior of the blast furnace. In some embodiments, the Si3N4-SiC bricks can also be staggered in the dovetail groove. In some embodiments, the slag hook can be inserted into the Si3N4-SiC brick.

[0053] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of a cooling wall according to another embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the refractory member can also be a steel brick 810, which has the characteristics of wear resistance and easy slag, can effectively protect the cooling wall, increase the wear resistance of the cooling wall, and easily make the cooling wall slag to achieve protection of the cooling wall, which can greatly increase the service life of the cooling wall. In some embodiments, the arrangement of steel bricks in the dovetail groove can increase the service life of the cooling wall by 2-5 years. In some embodiments, the arrangement of steel bricks in the dovetail groove can increase the wear resistance of the cooling wall by at least 20%, thereby greatly increasing the service life of the cooling wall.

[0054] In some embodiments, a plurality of steel bricks 810 may be arranged in rows and spaced apart at dovetail grooves. Figure 8As shown, multiple steel bricks are arranged in a row in the same dovetail groove, and a certain distance is reserved between two adjacent steel bricks, so that multiple steel bricks can be distributed throughout the entire heat exchange layer in a dispersed manner, making it easy for the cooling wall to condense slag skin, and making the slag skin not easy to fall off, effectively protecting the cooling wall and extending its service life. In some embodiments, multiple steel bricks are arranged at equal intervals in the same dovetail groove. In some embodiments, multiple steel bricks in different dovetail grooves can also be arranged in rows and at intervals. For example: multiple steel bricks are arranged in rows horizontally, vertically or obliquely, and steel bricks can be arranged in only one dovetail groove of two adjacent dovetail grooves, so that there is a certain distance between adjacent steel bricks, so that the adjacent steel bricks can be used in conjunction with the slag hook, which is conducive to quickly condensing the slag skin and protecting the cooling wall. Improve the service life of the cooling wall.

[0055] refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cooling wall according to another embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the steel brick 810 can also span at least two dovetail grooves 511. Figure 10 , Figure 10 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a steel brick according to one embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, a steel brick 810 includes a brick body 811 and one or more bosses 812 extending outward from the brick body. The bosses 812 are complementary in shape to the dovetail grooves 511, allowing the brick body to be mounted in the multiple dovetail grooves. The multiple dovetail grooves secure the steel brick, facilitating its securement and effectively preventing stress concentration and the brick from falling off.

[0056] In some embodiments, the brick body 811 extends outward from the cooling wall and is in close contact with the wear-resistant layer of the top of the adjacent dovetail groove. The steel brick 810 may also include a connector 813, which can further fix the steel brick on the wear-resistant layer area between the dovetail grooves. The connector 813 can connect the brick body that is in close contact with the wear-resistant layer of the top of the adjacent dovetail groove to the wear-resistant layer, thereby further strengthening the connection between the steel brick and the cooling wall, making the steel brick less likely to loosen, and the structure more stable, which is more conducive to the protection of the cooling wall. In an exemplary embodiment, the connector can be a bolt. Since the wear-resistant layer is stainless steel, connecting the steel brick to the wear-resistant layer of stainless steel by bolts can avoid the problem of connection failure caused by the high temperature in the furnace due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of different materials. A plurality of steel bricks 810 can be arranged in rows and spaced apart in the dovetail groove, with Figure 8 The embodiments are similar and therefore will not be described again here.

[0057] In some embodiments, the plurality of refractory components may further include a spray coating (not shown in the figure) that can completely cover the heat exchange layer, thereby completely covering the wear-resistant layer, slag hook, or refractory component outside the spray coating, thereby further increasing the high temperature resistance and wear resistance of the cooling stave surface. When the cooling stave is installed inside the blast furnace, the spray coating directly contacts the interior of the blast furnace. When the furnace environment damages the spray coating, the wear-resistant layer and / or refractory component will protect the cooling stave, and the slag hook and / or refractory component will assist in quickly forming a slag skin on the cooling stave surface. The slag skin can protect the cooling stave. After the slag skin is detached, the wear-resistant layer and / or refractory component will protect the cooling stave, thereby preventing the heat exchange layer from being directly exposed to the interior of the blast furnace. Even if the spray coating / refractory component or slag skin completely fails, the wear-resistant layer can still protect the heat exchange layer, preventing the heat exchange layer from being directly exposed to the interior of the blast furnace, which can greatly increase the service life of the cooling stave. In some embodiments, the thickness of the spray coating can be 100-160 mm.

[0058] In some embodiments, the multiple refractory components can further include a castable (not shown) that completely covers the heat exchange layer and extends above the refractory components and slag hooks. In some embodiments, the castable can be primarily made of corundum, with at least 10% metallic steel fiber added, and mixed with other auxiliary materials. Compared to spray coatings, this castable is more compact and can significantly improve the cooling stave's high-temperature and wear resistance, as well as its strength, toughness, and thermal shock resistance. In some embodiments, the castable can be 100-160 mm thick.

[0059] In the actual application scenario of this technical field, when the cooling wall is installed inside the blast furnace, the castable is in direct contact with the inside of the blast furnace. After a period of use, when the furnace environment is harsh and may damage the castable, the wear-resistant layer and / or refractory parts will protect the cooling wall, and the slag hooks and / or refractory parts will assist in quickly forming a slag skin on the surface of the cooling wall. The slag skin can protect the cooling wall. After a period of use, the slag skin may fall off, and the wear-resistant layer and / or refractory parts will also protect the cooling wall, thereby avoiding the heat exchange layer from being directly exposed to the inside of the blast furnace. Even if the castable / refractory parts or slag skin all fail after a certain period of use, the wear-resistant layer can still protect the heat exchange layer to avoid the heat exchange layer from being directly exposed to the inside of the blast furnace. In this way, through progressive multi-layer protection, the service life of the cooling wall can be greatly improved, and the cooling wall can be replaced in time during the maintenance period of the blast furnace shutdown, thereby meeting the requirements for protection of the blast furnace shell, which is beneficial to the stable operation and output of the blast furnace.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling stave for a blast furnace, comprising a heat exchange layer for conducting heat transferred from the interior of the blast furnace; characterized in that: The cooling wall further comprises: A support layer, which is used to increase the strength of the heat exchange layer; a plurality of cavities, which are provided between the heat exchange layer and the support layer and are used to accommodate cooling water; and A wear-resistant layer, which is used to reduce the wear of the heat exchange layer. The heat exchange layer is located between the support layer and the wear-resistant layer, and the wear-resistant layer faces the interior of the blast furnace. The heat exchange layer has a plurality of dovetail grooves on one side close to the wear-resistant layer. The plurality of dovetail grooves are arranged at intervals. The dovetail grooves divide the wear-resistant layer into a plurality of spaced-apart areas. The dovetail grooves are located between two adjacent wear-resistant layers. The top of the dovetail groove is close to the wear-resistant layer. The dovetail grooves are used to install steel bricks. Wherein, the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the heat exchange layer by a composite process or a mechanical connection method.

2. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The mechanical connection includes mechanical inlay and bolt connection.

3. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the heat exchange layer is 50mm-90mm.

4. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the wear-resistant layer is 3-10 mm.

5. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The wear-resistant layer is arranged on the heat exchange layer through a composite process of explosive composite, laser cladding or electroplating.

6. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The width of the groove top is 40-70 mm.

7. The cooling wall according to claim 6, characterized in that There is no gap between the wear-resistant layer and the heat exchange layer.

8. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The depth of the dovetail groove is 30-45 mm.

9. The cooling wall according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the bottom of the dovetail groove and the cooling water cavity between the heat exchange layer and the support layer is 10-30 mm.

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