Flood drainage structure for underneath pass of immovable cultural relics

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flood drainage structure for underneath passing through immovable cultural relics, which adopts an underground flood drainage channel to underneath passing through the immovable cultural relics, and a flood drainage pump station, a water outlet pressure box culvert, an open type water inlet, the underground flood drainage channel and a water outlet are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flood drainage water flow; the upstream of the pump station is connected with the built river channel, and the downstream is connected into the open water inlet through the water outlet pressure box culvert. The open type water inlet is reconstructed from an underground drainage channel construction vertical shaft and also serves as a system surge shaft. The top elevation of the underground drainage channel needs to be lower than the lowest elevation of cultural relics. The water outlet is provided with a drainage check gate capable of being remotely and automatically controlled, and a submersible sewage pump is arranged for discharging silt and emptying a flood drainage channel for overhauling. The flood drainage channel is located underground and has no influence on cultural relics; the floor area is small, and the influence on traffic, electric power and other infrastructures along the line is small; compared with a conventional open-cut river channel, the pressure drainage section is small in section, little in spoil and low in spoil disposal difficulty; and non-excavation equipment in the existing traffic field is utilized, so that the investment is controllable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a drainage structure in a water conservancy project, in particular to a drainage structure passing under an immovable cultural relic. Background Art

[0002] Economically developed coastal plains, due to their low terrain and poor drainage, are frequently subject to flooding. Rapid urban expansion has reduced the amount of water storage and farmland available, further increasing drainage pressures. Floodwaters have long routes to the sea and are supported by offshore tides, resulting in insufficient natural drainage potential. New pumping stations and supporting drainage channels are needed.

[0003] Historically, coastal areas have artificially constructed seawalls to protect against storm surges. In recent years, many of these ancient seawalls have been designated as immovable cultural relics, and drainage channels must pass through them to discharge water into the sea, placing significant demands on the method of crossing them.

[0004] Flood control and drainage projects in coastal plains typically employ an open-cut channel approach, with the seawall removed at the end and a new forced-drainage pumping station built. The pumping station is connected to the seawall via a connecting retaining wall, forming a closed flood control system. This approach often involves farmland, residential areas, cultural relics, factories, and infrastructure such as transportation, power, and communications. This involves extensive land and demolition, resulting in high costs and difficulty in disposing of cultural relics. Furthermore, open-cut channeling generates large amounts of spoil, significantly impacting the environment.

[0005] The "open-cut canal + terminal forced-discharge pumping station + post-pump siphoning over the seawall" solution, adopted to minimize damage to immovable cultural relics, suffers from significant flaws in vibration impacts on immovable cultural relics, land occupation, policy management, and waste disposal. Against the backdrop of strengthening the protection of historical relics and strictly enforcing farmland conservation, this solution's shortcomings are further highlighted. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the impact of drainage projects on immovable cultural relics when they pass through them, while reducing land occupation and lowering the difficulty of policy processing, waste soil disposal, etc.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is:

[0008] The drainage structure that passes under the immovable cultural relics adopts an underground drainage channel to pass under the immovable cultural relics, and a drainage pump station, a water outlet pressure box culvert, an open water inlet, an underground drainage channel, and a water outlet are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the drainage water; the upstream of the drainage pump station is connected to the existing river channel, and the downstream is connected to the open water inlet through the water outlet pressure box culvert; the water outlet pressure box culvert connects the drainage pump station and the open water inlet to play a diversion role, and a diversion pier is arranged inside; the underground drainage channel is constructed by non-excavation methods such as shield, jacking or shallow buried excavation; the open water inlet is located at the head end of the underground drainage channel; the water outlet is located at the end of the underground drainage channel, on the outer sea side that receives the flood water.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage pump station is equipped with an inlet pool, an inlet section, a pump house section, and an outlet section in the order of water flow. The inlet section is equipped with a maintenance gate, and the outlet section is equipped with a rapid working gate and a rapid emergency gate, with the rapid emergency gate located downstream of the rapid working gate. The pump head is determined based on the water level of the existing river channel and the water level at the outlet, taking into account the head loss in the drainage channel. The type and number of pumps are determined based on factors such as drainage flow, head and head amplitude, operation and scheduling requirements, installation and maintenance, investment, and land occupation.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to save land, the top covering soil of the water outlet pressure box culvert is restored to its original state after the construction is completed.

[0011] Furthermore, during the construction phase, the open water inlet serves as a vertical shaft for trenchless equipment such as shield machines and pipe jacking machines, serving as a launch well and a channel for slag removal, ventilation, and drainage during the construction of the underground drainage channel. Upon completion of the underground drainage channel, the top of the open water inlet is raised to serve as the water inlet for the underground drainage channel and also doubles as a surge tank to mitigate hydraulic fluctuations during pump startup and shutdown.

[0012] Furthermore, the dimensions of the underground drainage channel are determined by comprehensively considering the non-scouring and non-silting flow rate, project investment and operating energy consumption, and the size of existing trenchless equipment. The channel slopes downward toward the downstream side to facilitate the displacement and exhaust of suspended matter from the water body after sedimentation toward the outlet. To avoid construction disturbance of immovable cultural relics, the top elevation of the underground drainage channel must be lower than the lowest elevation of the immovable cultural relics, including the lowest elevation of the cultural relics' foundations and anti-scouring structures.

[0013] Furthermore, the water outlet is used as a receiving well for non-excavation equipment such as shield machines, pipe jacking machines, etc. during the construction period, and is transformed into a water outlet after the construction of the underground drainage channel is completed.

[0014] Furthermore, the offshore distance of the outlet should ensure that the outlet scouring pit is outside the existing seawall protection range to prevent outlet scouring from affecting the safety of the seawall.

[0015] Furthermore, the outlet is provided with a drainage control gate that can be remotely and automatically controlled, and a maintenance gate slot is provided on the outside of the control gate. When the control gate and its opening and closing equipment need to be repaired, the maintenance gate is lifted into the orifice by a ship crane to block water.

[0016] Furthermore, arc-shaped guide piers are provided on both sides of the water outlet to guide the offshore water flow; an equipment access hole is provided above the arc-shaped guide pier for equipment lifting and personnel passage, and is usually waterproof and sealed; an air vent is also provided on the arc-shaped guide pier, and the highest point of the air vent must be higher than the highest water level in the offshore water.

[0017] Furthermore, the outlet is equipped with an operating platform, a start-and-stop platform, and an electrical equipment room, as needed. A submersible sewage pump is installed at the outlet, serving two purposes: draining silt and emptying the underground drainage channel for maintenance. The top of the sump where the submersible sewage pump resides is sealed with a waterproof cover, and multiple silt and water suction pipes are dispersed around the perimeter to collect muddy water. A silt discharge pipe is embedded in the outlet, with the outlet located outside the outlet's maintenance door slot.

[0018] Furthermore, a sea flood is provided around the water outlet to prevent erosion.

[0019] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: when the water level in the upstream river reaches the pump station's drainage start level, the water pump, rapid working gate, and drainage control gate are opened, and the pump station begins drainage; when the water level in the upstream river reaches the pump station's drainage stop level, the water pump and rapid working gate are closed, and the drainage control gate closes after the hydraulic agitation in the drainage channel has essentially ceased. To prevent accidents caused by the rapid working gate failing to close, a rapid emergency gate is installed downstream of the rapid working gate. When the water pump and the water inlet and outlet channels of the water pump require maintenance, the maintenance gate is closed, and the water in the channels is drained for maintenance.

[0020] The underground drainage channel was designed to maintain a flow rate that is neither flushing nor silting, ensuring manageable siltation. Any small amount of siltation can be removed by operating a submersible sewage pump. During non-drainage periods, the underground drainage channel can be drained and mechanical equipment can be hoisted from the open water inlet for maintenance.

[0021] The flow rate of a single submersible sewage pump and the number of units are determined by comprehensively considering the amount of siltation, the emptying time of the underground drainage channel, the layout of the outlet, etc.

[0022] Immovable cultural relics can be located anywhere along the underground drainage channel.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0024] 1. No impact on immovable cultural relics. During the construction period, settlement of cultural relics can be strictly controlled through grouting, controlling soil loss rate, and adopting the mud-reduction effect method. There will be no impact on cultural relics during the operation period.

[0025] 2. Small land occupation. The drainage channel is mainly located underground, and the permanent land acquisition area is small. The corresponding costs and policy processing difficulty are reduced, and there is basically no impact on the transportation, power, communication and other infrastructure along the route.

[0026] 3. Small volumes of spoil and easy disposal. Underground drainage channels are pressurized, powered by upstream pumping stations to provide kinetic energy and increase flow velocity. This differs from conventional open-cut channels, where water flows solely on its own potential and kinetic energy. Underground drainage channels have smaller cross-sections than conventional open-cut channels, resulting in smaller volumes of spoil and lower disposal difficulty and cost.

[0027] 4. Project investment is controllable. Currently, trenchless construction methods are increasingly being used in urban transportation. Utilizing existing trenchless equipment can reduce equipment amortization and effectively control project investment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a plan layout diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA longitudinal section of the;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 BB cross-section diagram;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a plan view of the water outlet of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1-drainage pump station; 11-water inlet pool; 12-inlet section; 13-pump room section; 14-outlet section; 15-water pump; 16-maintenance gate; 17-rapid working gate; 18-rapid emergency gate; 2-outlet pressure box culvert; 21-diversion pier; 22-top covering; 3-open water inlet; 4-underground drainage channel; 41-precast reinforced concrete segments; 42-bolts; 43-cast-in-place reinforced concrete lining; 5-outlet; 51-drainage regulating gate; 52-maintenance door slot; 53-arc-shaped diversion pier; 54-equipment manhole; 55-vent; 56-submersible sewage pump; 57-sludge suction pipe; 58-sludge drainage pipe; 59-sea floodplain; 6-built river channel; 7-immovable cultural relics. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention's drainage structure for underpasses immovable cultural relics utilizes an underground drainage channel 4 that passes under immovable cultural relics 7. Arranged along the drainage water flow are a drainage pump station 1, a water outlet pressure box culvert 2, an open water inlet 3, an underground drainage channel 4, and a water outlet 5. In this embodiment, the underground drainage channel 4 is constructed using a trenchless shield tunneling method.

[0035] Drainage pump station 1 connects upstream to the existing river channel 6 and downstream to the open water inlet 3 via the outlet pressure box culvert 2. Drainage pump station 1 is equipped with an inlet pool 11, an inlet section 12, a pump house section 13, and an outlet section 14, following the flow direction. The inlet section 12 is equipped with a maintenance gate 16, and the outlet section 14 is equipped with a rapid working gate 17 and a rapid emergency gate 18. The head of the water pump 15 is determined based on the water level of the existing river channel 6 and the water level of the outlet 5, taking into account the head loss in the drainage channel. The type and number of water pumps 15 are determined based on factors such as drainage flow, head and head amplitude, operation and scheduling requirements, installation and maintenance, investment, and land occupation.

[0036] The outlet pressure box culvert 2 connects the drainage pump station 1 and the open water inlet 3, plays a diversion role, and is internally provided with a diversion pier 21. To save land, after the construction of the outlet pressure box culvert 2 is completed, the top is covered with soil 22 to restore it to its original state.

[0037] The open water inlet 3 is located at the head end of the underground drainage channel 4. During the construction period, the construction shaft of the trenchless equipment shield machine is used as the starting well and the channel for slag discharge, ventilation and drainage of the underground drainage channel 4. After the construction of the underground drainage channel 4 is completed, the top of the open water inlet 3 is raised to serve as the water inlet of the underground drainage channel 4. At the same time, it also serves as a system pressure regulating well to cope with the system hydraulic agitation when starting and stopping the pump.

[0038] The dimensions of the underground drainage channel 4 were determined based on a comprehensive consideration of the non-scouring and non-silting flow rate, project investment and operating energy consumption, and the size of existing trenchless equipment. The channel 4 slopes downstream to facilitate the movement and exhaust of suspended solids towards the outlet 5 after sedimentation. To prevent construction from disturbing the immovable cultural relics 7, the top elevation of the channel 4 must be lower than the lowest elevation of the immovable cultural relics 7, including the lowest elevation of the cultural relics' foundations and anti-scouring structures.

[0039] The outlet 5 is located at the end of the underground drainage channel 4 and on the outer sea side that receives flood water. During the construction period, it serves as a receiving well for the shield machine of the non-excavation equipment. After the construction of the underground drainage channel 4 is completed, it will be transformed into the outlet 5. The offshore distance of the outlet 5 should be such that the range of the outlet scouring pit is outside the existing seawall protection range to prevent the outlet scouring from affecting the safety of the seawall. The outlet 5 is provided with a drainage control gate 51 that can be remotely and automatically controlled. A maintenance gate slot 52 is provided on the outside of the control gate. When the control gate and its opening and closing equipment need to be repaired, the maintenance gate is hoisted into the orifice by a ship crane to block the water. Arc-shaped diversion piers 53 are provided on both sides of the outlet 5 to guide the offshore water flow. An equipment manhole 54 is provided above the arc-shaped diversion pier 53 for equipment hoisting and personnel passage, and is waterproof and sealed at ordinary times. A vent 55 is also provided on the arc-shaped diversion pier 53. The highest point elevation of the vent 55 must be higher than the highest water level in the outer sea. The outlet 5 is equipped with an operating platform, a start-and-stop platform, and an electrical equipment room. A submersible sewage pump 56 serves two purposes: draining silt and emptying the underground drainage channel 4 for maintenance. The top of the sump where the submersible sewage pump 56 resides is sealed with a waterproof cover, and multiple silt and water suction pipes 57 are dispersed around the perimeter to collect muddy water. After the submersible sewage pump 56 pumps, a silt discharge pipe 58 is buried in the outlet 5, with the outlet located outside the outlet inspection door slot 52. A seawall 59 is located around the outlet 5 to prevent erosion.

[0040] When the water level in the upstream channel 6 reaches the start-drainage level of drainage pump station 1, pump 15, rapid operating gate 17, and drainage control gate 51 are opened, and drainage begins at the pump station. When the water level in the upstream channel 6 reaches the stop-drainage level of drainage pump station 1, pump 15 and rapid operating gate 17 are closed, and drainage control gate 51 closes after hydraulic turbulence in the drainage channel has essentially ceased. To prevent accidents caused by the inability of rapid operating gate 17 to close, a rapid emergency gate 18 is installed downstream of rapid operating gate 17. When pump 15 and its inlet and outlet channels require maintenance, maintenance gate 16 is closed to drain the channels for repair.

[0041] The design of underground drainage channel 4 takes into account the drainage flow rate to maintain a flow rate between the non-flushing and non-silting flow rates, so the amount of siltation in the channel can be controlled; any small amount of siltation can be discharged by activating the submersible sewage pump 56. During non-drainage periods, underground drainage channel 4 can be emptied and mechanical equipment can be hoisted from the open water inlet 3 for maintenance.

[0042] In this embodiment, the underground drainage channel 4 utilizes a shield tunnel. The shield tunnel is assembled from precast reinforced concrete segments 41, connected by bolts 42. Depending on drainage pressure, tunnel depth, and geological conditions, the shield tunnel can employ either a single-layer lining (assembled from precast reinforced concrete segments 41) or a double-layer lining (with a cast-in-place reinforced concrete lining 43 within the precast reinforced concrete segments 41). The number of segments 41 is determined based on considerations such as the shield tunnel diameter, construction hoisting capacity, and construction schedule requirements. In this embodiment, eight segments are employed, including one capping segment, two adjacent segments, and five standard segments.

[0043] The flow rate of a single pump and the number of submersible sewage pumps 56 are determined by comprehensively considering the amount of sedimentation, the emptying time of the underground drainage channel 4, the layout of the outlet 5, etc.

[0044] The immovable cultural relics 7 can be located at any position along the underground drainage channel 4.

[0045] The above-mentioned embodiments describe the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but this should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation methods all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage structure passing under immovable cultural relics, characterized by: An underground drainage channel is used to pass under the immovable cultural relics, and a drainage pump station, a water outlet pressure box culvert, an open water inlet, an underground drainage channel, and a water outlet are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the drainage water; the upstream of the drainage pump station is connected to the existing river channel, and the downstream is connected to the open water inlet through the water outlet pressure box culvert; the water outlet pressure box culvert connects the drainage pump station and the open water inlet to play a diversion role, and a diversion pier is arranged inside; the underground drainage channel is constructed by shield, jacking pipe or shallow buried excavation non-excavation method; the open water inlet is located at the head end of the underground drainage channel; the water outlet is located at the end of the underground drainage channel, on the outer sea side that receives the flood water.

2. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pump station is provided with an inlet pool, an inlet section, a pump room section and an outlet section in sequence along the direction of water flow. The inlet section is provided with a maintenance gate, and the outlet section is provided with a fast working gate and a fast emergency gate. The fast emergency gate is provided downstream of the fast working gate.

3. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the outlet pressure box culvert is covered with a soil layer after construction is completed.

4. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the construction period, the open water inlet is a construction shaft for non-excavation equipment, serving as a starting well and a channel for slag discharge, ventilation, and drainage during the construction of the underground drainage channel. After the construction of the underground drainage channel is completed, the top of the open water inlet is raised to serve as the water inlet of the underground drainage channel, and also as a system pressure-regulating well.

5. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground drainage channel is sloped toward the downstream side to facilitate the displacement of suspended matter in the water body toward the outlet side and exhaust after sedimentation; the top elevation of the underground drainage channel is lower than the lowest elevation of the immovable cultural relics to avoid disturbance of the immovable cultural relics during construction.

6. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet serves as a receiving well for trenchless equipment during the construction period, and is transformed into a water outlet after the construction of the underground drainage channel is completed.

7. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offshore distance of the outlet is set so that the outlet scouring pit is outside the existing seawall protection range to prevent outlet scouring from affecting the safety of the seawall.

8. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet is provided with a drainage control gate that can be remotely and automatically controlled. A maintenance gate slot is provided on the outside of the control gate. When the control gate and its opening and closing equipment need to be repaired, the maintenance gate is lifted into the orifice by a ship crane to block water.

9. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arc-shaped guide piers are provided on both sides of the water outlet, an equipment access hole is provided above the arc-shaped guide piers, and air vents are provided on the arc-shaped guide piers, and the highest point of the air vents is higher than the highest water level in the open sea.

10. The drainage structure for passing under immovable cultural relics according to claim 8, characterized in that: An operating platform, an opening and closing platform, and an electrical equipment room are provided inside the water outlet; a submersible sewage pump is provided at the water outlet for draining silt and emptying the underground drainage channel for maintenance; the top of the water collection well where the submersible sewage pump is located is sealed with a waterproof cover plate, and a plurality of silt and water suction pipes are dispersedly arranged around it for collecting mud and water. After the submersible sewage pump is pumped, a silt discharge pipe is buried in the water outlet, and the outlet of the silt discharge pipe is located outside the maintenance door groove of the water outlet.

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