Movable and fixed hammer type crusher

Abstract

The utility model discloses a movable and fixed hammer type crusher which comprises a crusher body, a motor arranged on the crusher body, a crushing chamber, a rotor arranged in the crushing chamber and connected with the motor through a coupler and a bearing, a flow guide mechanism arranged above and below the rotor and a groove-shaped beam arranged below the rotor, a plurality of rows of movable hammers arranged on the rotor at intervals, and lower fixed hammers arranged on the groove-shaped beam, and the lower fixed hammer and the movable hammer are also arranged in a staggered manner and form a shearing structure. The fixed hammer and the movable hammer are arranged for hammering together, so that the quantity of hammered particle materials can be effectively increased in unit time, the defects that the relative acceleration of the movable hammer for hammering the materials is reduced and the acting force for impacting and shearing the materials is reduced due to the circulation problem are overcome to a greater extent, and the circulation problem is effectively improved to improve the crushing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to a crusher, in particular to a movable and fixed hammer type crusher. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a conventional pulverizer primarily consists of a body 1, a motor 2, a rotor 5, an inner liner 6, a flow guide mechanism 9, a screen mechanism 12, and a trough beam 7. The rotor 5 is the core component of the pulverizer and is equipped with multiple hammers, or dynamic hammers 14, which impact and shear the material as it rotates. The pulverizing chamber 11, enclosed by the drop-shaped inner liner 6, the trough beam 7, and the screen, is the working chamber where the material is pulverized. The flow guide mechanism 9 is a flap-shaped reversing mechanism installed at the inlet of the pulverizing chamber 11. Its function is to bias the material into the chordal edge of the pulverizing chamber 11, ensuring that the material is fully struck, impacted, and sheared by the dynamic hammers 14. This prevents vertical feed from accidentally entering the rotor core and falling into the trough beam 7. By triggering a limit switch and interlocking the control circuit, the rotor 5 rotates counterclockwise when material is introduced into the pulverizing chamber 11 from the left, and clockwise when it is not. The trough beam 7 (commonly known as the re-crushing chamber) is located beneath the liner 6 in the crushing chamber 11. Its upper arc portion must be in close contact with the lower portion of the drop-shaped liner. Its function is to re-impact and shear any material that has been inertially rotated by the impact of the rotating hammer 14, and to partially disrupt the closed circulation formed by the inertial rotation of the material within the crushing chamber 11. The screen controls the particle size of the crushed material, preventing incompletely crushed large pieces from entering the discharge port and being re-impacted and sheared into fine particles by the rotor's rotating hammer 14. Particles of the appropriate size are filtered by the screen and drawn out by the induced draft fan to the discharge port.

[0003] According to the above crushing principle, during the crushing process, some materials that rotate inertially due to the impact of the dynamic hammer 14 rotating with the rotor 4 will form a circulating layer in the crushing chamber 11 that rotates in the same direction as the rotor 4, which will reduce the relative acceleration of the dynamic hammer 14 hitting the materials, and reduce the force of impact and shearing the materials, resulting in poor crushing effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a movable and fixed hammer crusher. By arranging a fixed hammer to hammer the material together with the movable hammer, the amount of hammered particulate material can be effectively increased per unit time, and the disadvantages of the relative acceleration of the movable hammer hitting the material becoming smaller and the force of impacting and shearing the material being reduced due to the circulation problem are avoided to a large extent, and the circulation problem is effectively improved to increase the crushing capacity.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A movable and fixed hammer type crusher includes a body and a motor arranged on the body, a crushing chamber, a rotor arranged in the crushing chamber and connected to the motor through a coupling and a bearing, and a guide mechanism and a trough beam respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the rotor. The rotor is provided with several rows of movable hammers arranged at intervals, and the upper and lower parts of the rotor are also provided with fixed hammers which are staggered with the movable hammers and form a shearing structure.

[0007] The fixed hammer comprises a lower fixed hammer which is arranged on the trough beam and matched with the movable hammer.

[0008] The fixed hammer comprises an upper fixed hammer which is arranged on the flow guide mechanism and matched with the movable hammer.

[0009] The utility model adopts a movable and fixed hammer type crusher. By arranging a fixed hammer on the guide mechanism and the trough beam, the fixed hammer is offset from the movable hammer to form a phase shearing structure. The fixed hammer can effectively destroy the inertial rotating circulation layer caused by the rotating movable hammer hitting the material, avoiding the disadvantages of the movable hammer hitting the material, which reduces the relative acceleration and reduces the impact and shearing force of the material. The inertial rotating closed circulation layer material is re-impacted and sheared to be crushed again. It can reduce the consumption of movable hammers in the crushing chamber, make the rotor relatively lighter, and eliminate the need for additional energy consumption, thereby improving production efficiency, especially the efficiency of fine crushing. It also has the advantages of simple structure and easy installation of the fixed hammer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a hammer mill of the prior art;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the hammer mill of the present utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the hammer mill of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the crushing chamber of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a side view of the crushing chamber of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The utility model is a dynamic and fixed hammer crusher Figure 2-5As shown, similar to the prior art, it also includes a body 1, a motor 2 mounted on the body 1, a crushing chamber 11, a rotor 5 mounted in the crushing chamber 11 and connected to the motor 2 via a coupling 3 and a bearing 4, a flow guide mechanism 9 and a trough beam 7 mounted above and below the rotor 5, a feeder 13 mounted above the crushing chamber 11, and a liner 6 and a screen mechanism 12 mounted in the crushing chamber 11. The rotor 5 is also provided with several rows of spaced-apart dynamic hammers 14. Unlike the prior art, the trough beam 7 further includes lower fixed hammers 8, which are offset from the dynamic hammers 14 to form a shearing structure. The trough beam 7 is the component that breaks the closed pulverizing loop. Mounted on it is the lower fixed hammer 8, which allows the material struck by the high-speed rotation of the dynamic hammer 14 to re-impact the lower fixed hammer 8 under the action of inertia, shearing and crushing it. This effectively eliminates the circulation problem, where the relative acceleration of the material struck by the dynamic hammer 14 is reduced due to the circulating layer rotating in the same direction as the rotor 4, thus reducing the impact and shearing force. The upper fixed hammer 10 is mounted on the flow guide 9 and is also offset from the dynamic hammer 14, forming a shearing structure. The flow guide 9 directs the material supply to the chordal side of the circumference of the pulverizing chamber 11, ensuring that the material is fully struck, impacted, and sheared by the dynamic hammer 14. The material, struck by the high-speed rotation, is re-impacted by inertia against the upper fixed hammer 10, thus shearing and crushing it. This effectively eliminates the "circulation problem" of pulverizing, where the relative acceleration of the material struck by the dynamic hammer 14 is reduced due to the circulating layer rotating in the same direction as the rotor 4, thus reducing the impact and shearing force. Typically, the side surfaces of the upper and lower fixed hammers 10 and 8 adopt a rectangular structure that matches the movable hammer 14 , and the two right angles at their ends are blades that shear with the movable hammer 14 .

[0017] The operating principle of the present invention's pulverizer is as follows: Its motor 2 drives the rotor 5 at high speed through the coupling 3. Centrifugal force causes the blades 111 of the dynamic hammers 14 mounted on the rotor 5 to be flung perpendicularly to the direction of rotation, impacting and shearing material A, which enters from the feeder 13 and is biased into the circumferential chordal edge of the pulverizing chamber 11 by the flow guide mechanism. A portion of the impacted and sheared material, reduced in size and passing through the sieve mesh, reaches the discharge port. The remaining portion of material B, under the influence of inertia, forms a closed loop of circulating flow layer rotating in the same direction as the rotor 4. It then strikes and shears the upper blade 331 of the lower fixed hammer 8 again, effectively disrupting the circulating flow. This prevents the problem of the circulating flow layer rotating in the same direction as the rotor 4 causing the subsequent set of dynamic hammers to strike the material with reduced relative acceleration and reduced impact and shearing force. The material B, in the closed loop of circulating flow layer rotating in the same direction as the rotor 4, is then impacted and sheared again by the subsequent set of dynamic hammers, resulting in further pulverization. A portion of the re-pulverized material B, reduced in size and passing through the sieve mesh, reaches the discharge port. At the discharge port, another portion of material B is sheared again by the blades 111 of the subsequent set of hammers 14 on the rotor 5, forming a closed loop. It then strikes and shears the material upwards, where it strikes and shears the lower blade 221 of the upper fixed hammer 10 again. This disrupts the circulation and causes material B to be re-crushed. A portion of this re-crushed material B, now finer, passes through the screen mesh and reaches the discharge port as particles C. Another portion of material B continues to strike and shear the material downwards by the blades 111 of the subsequent set of hammers 14 on the rotor 5, forming a closed loop. It then strikes and shears the material downwards, where it strikes and shears the upper blade 331 of the lower fixed hammer 8 again. This cycle repeats, completing the material pulverization. The pulverizing chamber, enclosed by the lining 6, the channel beam 7, and the screen 12, is the working chamber where the material is pulverized. The screen screen selects the particle size of the pulverized material, preventing large pieces of material from entering the discharge port. The direction of rotation of the rotor 5 is controlled by a limit switch, which in turn interlocks with the control circuit and synchronizes the direction of the flap of the diverter mechanism 9. When material is introduced into the pulverizing chamber 11 from the left, the rotor 5 rotates counterclockwise; conversely, the rotor 5 rotates clockwise. Material exiting the feeder 13 is biased by the flow guide 9 into the circumferential chordal edge of the pulverizing chamber 11 for pulverization, ensuring that the material is completely struck, impacted, and sheared by the dynamic hammer 14, preventing it from entering the rotor core area and falling into the trough beam 7 due to vertical feeding. Alternatively, the material can be biased into the other side. This change in rotational direction allows the two side blade surfaces 111 and 112 at the front end of the dynamic hammer 14 to strike, impact, and shear the material. Similarly, the two side blades 221 and 222 at the lower end of the upper fixed hammer 10 and the two acute-angled blades 331 and 332 at the upper end of the lower fixed hammer 8 can also strike, impact, and shear the material.

[0018] In summary, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. Simple structure and easy installation of fixed hammer.

[0020] 2. The consumption of the movable hammer 14 is small and the rotor 5 becomes relatively light.

[0021] 3. It can effectively destroy the circulation problem of the hammer mill and make it crush again.

[0022] 4. No additional energy consumption is required, which improves the crushing production efficiency.

[0023] However, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any changes or modifications to the above embodiments shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable and fixed hammer mill, comprising a body, a motor mounted on the body, a crushing chamber, a rotor mounted in the crushing chamber and connected to the motor via a coupling and bearings, a flow guide mechanism and a trough beam mounted above and below the rotor, the rotor being provided with several rows of movable hammers spaced apart, and characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the rotor are provided with fixed hammers which are staggered with the moving hammers and form a shearing structure.

2. The dynamic and fixed hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed hammer comprises a lower fixed hammer which is arranged on the trough beam and matched with the movable hammer.

3. The dynamic and fixed hammer mill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fixed hammer comprises an upper fixed hammer which is arranged on the flow guide mechanism and matched with the movable hammer.

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