Dehydrating, drying and screening system suitable for high-water-content stale garbage
By designing a dehydrated drying screening system suitable for high moisture content stale garbage, using thermal energy heating and multi-layer screen structure, the problem of difficult screening of high moisture content stale garbage is solved, efficient screening and equipment adaptability are achieved, and operating costs and equipment complexity are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421551453.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-03
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult to effectively screen out old waste with high moisture content, especially in landfills with high groundwater, which leads to poor screening effect and even equipment blockage, affecting production safety and efficiency.
A dehydration and drying screening system including a drum, a cylindrical screen and a hollow shaft is designed. The hollow shaft is equipped with a heat source for heating. Combined with a multi-layer screen and a cutting structure, the dehydration and drying of garbage is achieved through the heat transfer and screening process, and an automatic control system is equipped to monitor and control the screening process in real time.
Effectively reduce the moisture content of garbage, improve screening efficiency, reduce labor costs, ensure production safety and equipment adaptability, be suitable for the screening needs of high-water content garbage, be easy to use with other equipment, and simplify transportation and maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223250191U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to garbage processing equipment, in particular to a dehydration, drying and screening system suitable for stale garbage with high moisture content. Background Art
[0002] Aged waste, also known as stockpile waste, primarily refers to waste that has been landfilled for a long time. Currently, aging waste is primarily disposed of through screening and reduction. Waste screening equipment typically includes components such as a conveyor belt and a vibrating screen. After entering the equipment, the waste is first transported by a conveyor belt to the vibrating screen, where the vibration separates out larger pieces of waste.
[0003] In landfills with high groundwater levels, stale garbage below the pit mouth line is soaked in leachate all year round, and has a high moisture content that makes it difficult to screen. Especially in rainy seasons, it is even more difficult to dehydrate and dry. High moisture content garbage seriously affects the screening effect and may even clog equipment, causing the production line to be paralyzed. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model provides a dehydration, drying and screening system suitable for high-water-content stale garbage in order to solve the technical problems existing in the known technology.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems existing in the known technology is:
[0006] A dehydration, drying and screening system suitable for high-moisture content stale garbage, including a drum with closed ends, a cylindrical screen and a hollow shaft; the cylindrical screen is arranged in the drum, and a hole is opened in the center of the closed end surface of the drum for passing the hollow shaft; the cylindrical screen is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft and rotates together; the drum is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft; the axis of the hollow shaft is inclined to the horizontal plane, and its right end is higher than the left end from the ground, and a heat source is provided therein and transfers heat energy to the drum cavity outside it; an exhaust port is opened on the upper circumference of the drum, a first discharge port is opened on the lower circumference of the left end of the drum, the first discharge port is used to discharge screened material and leachate, a feed port is opened on the upper circumference of the right end of the drum, and the feed port extends into the cylindrical screen; a second discharge port is opened at the lower part of the left end surface of the drum corresponding to the gap between the hollow shaft and the cylindrical screen, and the second discharge port is used to discharge screened material.
[0007] Furthermore, the cylindrical screen is provided with multiple layers of screens; the feed port extends to the innermost layer of the cylindrical screen; and a discharge port for the material that has passed through the inner layer of the two adjacent layers of screens but not through the outer layer of the screen is provided at the lower part of the left end surface of the inner drum corresponding to the gap between the two adjacent layers of screens.
[0008] Furthermore, cutting teeth are provided on the outer circumference of the hollow shaft.
[0009] Furthermore, the cutting teeth are distributed on the outer circumference of the hollow shaft in a spiral shape.
[0010] Furthermore, the hollow shaft is connected to the cylindrical screen through spokes.
[0011] Furthermore, the hollow shaft is connected to the cylindrical screen through a disc, and the disc is provided with a plurality of through holes for passing the solid waste.
[0012] Furthermore, a steam inlet is provided at the right end of the hollow shaft, and a condensed water outlet is provided at the left end of the hollow shaft.
[0013] Furthermore, the connecting pipes of the steam inlet and the condensed water outlet are both rotatably connected to the hollow shaft through bearings.
[0014] Furthermore, an electric heating device is provided in the hollow shaft.
[0015] Furthermore, an observation port is provided on the circumferential surface of the upper portion of the drum, and an observation window is sealed and installed in the observation port.
[0016] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows: it effectively reduces the moisture content of garbage, reduces labor costs, improves screening effects, and ensures production safety and efficiency. Compared with ordinary drum screens, this utility model significantly improves screening efficiency, improves adaptability to stale garbage with high moisture content, and reduces requirements for the moisture content and looseness of the screened materials. As a screening device, it has a user-friendly working interface, is easy to use with other equipment, has strong adaptability, is easy to transport, install, and arrange, and is simple and convenient to maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.
[0018] In the figure: 1. Condensate outlet; 2. Exhaust port; 3. Drum; 4. Observation window; 5. Cylindrical screen; 6. Cutting teeth; 7. Feed inlet; 8. Hollow shaft; 9. Steam inlet; 10. Second discharge port; 11. First discharge port; 12. Fixed frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0020] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connection" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components; they can also be electrical connections or signal transmissions. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0021] See Figure 1 , a dehydration and drying screening system suitable for high-moisture content stale garbage, including a drum with closed ends, a cylindrical screen and a hollow shaft; the cylindrical screen is arranged in the drum, and a hole for passing the hollow shaft is opened in the center of the closed end surface of the drum; the cylindrical screen is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft and rotates together; the drum is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft; the axis of the hollow shaft is inclined to the horizontal plane, and its right end is higher than the left end from the ground, and a heat source is arranged inside it and transfers heat energy to the drum cavity outside it; an exhaust port is opened on the upper circumference of the drum, and a first discharge port is opened on the lower circumference of the left end of the drum, the first discharge port is used to discharge the screened material and leachate, and a feed port is opened on the upper circumference of the right end of the drum, and the feed port extends into the cylindrical screen; a second discharge port is opened at the lower part of the left end surface of the drum corresponding to the gap between the hollow shaft and the cylindrical screen, and the second discharge port is used to discharge the screened material.
[0022] The drum and the hollow shaft can be rotatably connected via a bearing.
[0023] The undersize material refers to the material that passes through the cylindrical screen, and the oversize material refers to the material that does not pass through the cylindrical screen.
[0024] Preferably, the cylindrical screen can be provided with multiple layers of screens; the feed port extends to the innermost layer of the cylindrical screen; and a discharge port for the material that has passed through the inner layer of the two adjacent layers of screens but not through the outer layer of the two adjacent layers of screens is provided at the lower part of the left end surface of the inner drum corresponding to the gap between the two adjacent layers of screens.
[0025] Preferably, the outer circumference of the hollow shaft may be provided with cutting teeth. Preferably, the cutting teeth may be distributed in a spiral shape on the outer circumference of the hollow shaft.
[0026] Preferably, the hollow shaft and the cylindrical screen can be connected via spokes.
[0027] Preferably, the hollow shaft and the cylindrical screen can be connected via a disc, and the disc is provided with a plurality of through holes for passing the solid waste.
[0028] Preferably, a steam inlet may be opened at the right end of the hollow shaft, and a condensed water outlet may be opened at the left end of the hollow shaft.
[0029] Preferably, the connecting pipes of the steam inlet and the condensed water outlet can be rotatably connected to the hollow shaft through bearings.
[0030] Preferably, an electric heating device may be provided in the hollow shaft.
[0031] Preferably, an observation port may be opened on the upper circumferential surface of the drum, and an observation window may be sealed and installed in the observation port.
[0032] The structure and working principle of the present invention are further explained below with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
[0033] A dehydration, drying and screening system suitable for high-moisture content stale garbage, including a drum with closed ends, a cylindrical screen and a hollow shaft; the cylindrical screen is arranged in the drum, and a hole is opened in the center of the closed end surface of the drum for passing the hollow shaft; the cylindrical screen is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft and rotates together; the drum is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft; the axis of the hollow shaft is inclined to the horizontal plane, and its right end is higher than the left end from the ground, and a heat source is provided therein and transfers heat energy to the drum cavity outside it; an exhaust port is opened on the upper circumference of the drum, a first discharge port is opened on the lower circumference of the left end of the drum, the first discharge port is used to discharge screened material and leachate, a feed port is opened on the upper circumference of the right end of the drum, and the feed port extends into the cylindrical screen; a second discharge port is opened at the lower part of the left end surface of the drum corresponding to the gap between the hollow shaft and the cylindrical screen, and the second discharge port is used to discharge screened material.
[0034] The hollow shaft transfers heat energy to the drum cavity outside the hollow shaft, heating the material in the drum screen and drying it. The hollow shaft is equivalent to a heat exchange device.
[0035] The feed port transports the stale garbage directly from a high point to the space between the hollow shaft and the drum screen; the second discharge port is used to discharge the dehydrated and dried screen material; the exhaust port is set at the top of the left end to discharge odor; the screen material discharge port / leachate discharge port, the two ports share the first discharge port, and the equipment is at an inclined angle. At the initial start-up of the equipment, the leachate inside the stale garbage is discharged through gravity, drying and other methods. The leachate produced can be discharged through the first discharge port; after the screening is completed in the later stage, the screen material can also be discharged from the first discharge port.
[0036] A cylindrical screen can be made by providing a plurality of screening holes on the cylinder wall. The cylindrical screen can be composed of multiple layers of screens. The feed port extends into the innermost layer of the cylindrical screen. A discharge port is provided at the lower left end of the inner drum, corresponding to the gap between the two adjacent layers of screens, for material that has passed through the inner layer of the two adjacent layers but not the outer layer.
[0037] The hollow shaft in the middle provides an indirect drying and heating device for stale garbage. A steam inlet is located at the right end of the hollow shaft, and a condensate outlet is located at the left end. Hot steam enters the hollow shaft from the steam inlet, dissipates through the surface of the hollow shaft, and transfers heat to the garbage outside. A condensate outlet is located at the left end of the hollow shaft.
[0038] The outer circumference of the hollow shaft is provided with cutting teeth, which are distributed on the outer circumference of the hollow shaft in a spiral shape.
[0039] The cutting teeth increase the heat conduction area and improve the heat conduction efficiency. The sharp ends of the cutting teeth can cut garbage to prevent entanglement. As the hollow shaft rotates, the spirally distributed cutting teeth push the garbage from the front end to the outlet to prevent garbage accumulation.
[0040] In addition, the utility model may also include an automatic control system, which includes a PLC, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a time relay, an image acquisition module and an image processing module; the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature inside the drum, and the humidity sensor is used to collect the humidity inside the drum; the time relay is used to accumulate time and output a signal when the time reaches a set value; the image acquisition module is used to collect status information of stale garbage in the drum; the image processing module is used to process the collected image and output a corresponding garbage status signal; the PLC is used to input signals from the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the time relay and the image processing module, and the output signal controls: the supply of the heat source, the rotation of the hollow shaft; and the opening or closing of the feeding port, the first discharge port, the second discharge port, etc.
[0041] The utility model also provides a control method for a dehydration and drying screening system suitable for high-moisture-content stale garbage, comprising the following steps:
[0042] a. Preset the status information of stale garbage.
[0043] b. Humidity sensors and monitoring systems collect status information of stale garbage in real time.
[0044] c. The PLC control system receives the collected real-time status information and determines through the module whether the stale garbage needs to be steam dried and the drying time.
[0045] The stale garbage enters the cylindrical screen from the feed port, and the cylindrical screen and the middle hollow shaft are rotated to cut and sort the garbage. The water in the stale garbage with a higher water content is centrifugally thrown out, and due to gravity, it flows along the inner wall of the drum to the bottom of the drum, and the first discharge port is opened for discharge.
[0046] When the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is greater than 60%, steam is input and transmitted to the middle hollow shaft to heat the garbage, and the exhaust port is opened to discharge odor; when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is lower than 30%, the steam is turned off and the drum screening continues. The undersize material is discharged from the first discharge port, and the oversize material is discharged from the second discharge port.
[0047] Compared with ordinary drum screens, the utility model greatly improves the screening efficiency, improves the adaptability to stale garbage with high moisture content, and reduces the requirements for the moisture content and looseness of the screened materials. As a screening equipment, the working interface is friendly, easy to use with other equipment, has strong adaptability, is easy to transport, install, and arrange, and is simple and convenient to maintain.
[0048] The above-mentioned components and functional modules such as the drum, cylindrical screen, hollow shaft, PLC, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, time relay, image acquisition module and image processing module can all adopt applicable components and functional modules in the existing technology, or adopt components and functional modules in the existing technology and construct using conventional technical means.
[0049] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. The patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited by these embodiments alone. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the spirit disclosed by the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dehydration and drying screening system suitable for high-moisture content stale garbage, characterized in that: It includes a drum with closed ends, a cylindrical screen and a hollow shaft; the cylindrical screen is arranged in the drum, and a hole for passing the hollow shaft is opened in the center of the closed end surface of the drum; the cylindrical screen is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft and rotates together; the drum is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft; the axis of the hollow shaft is inclined to the horizontal plane, and its right end is higher than the left end from the ground, and a heat source is arranged therein and transfers heat energy to the drum cavity outside it; an exhaust port is opened on the upper circumference of the drum, a first discharge port is opened on the lower circumference of the left end of the drum, and the first discharge port is used to discharge the screened material and leachate, a feed port is opened on the upper circumference of the right end of the drum, and the feed port extends into the cylindrical screen; a second discharge port is opened at the lower part of the left end surface of the drum corresponding to the gap between the hollow shaft and the cylindrical screen, and the second discharge port is used to discharge the screened material.
2. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylindrical screen is provided with multiple layers of screens; the feed port extends to the innermost layer of the cylindrical screen; a discharge port for materials that pass through the inner layer of the two adjacent layers of screens but not through the outer layer is provided at the lower part of the left end surface of the inner drum corresponding to the gap between the two adjacent layers of screens.
3. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer circumference of the hollow shaft is provided with cutting teeth.
4. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cutting teeth are distributed on the outer circumference of the hollow shaft in a spiral shape.
5. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hollow shaft is connected to the cylindrical screen through spokes.
6. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hollow shaft is connected to the cylindrical screen through a disc, and the disc is provided with a plurality of through holes for passing solid waste.
7. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steam inlet is provided at the right end of the hollow shaft, and a condensate outlet is provided at the left end of the hollow shaft.
8. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting pipes of the steam inlet and the condensed water outlet are both rotatably connected to the hollow shaft through bearings.
9. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric heating device is arranged inside the hollow shaft.
10. The dehydration, drying and screening system for high-moisture-content stale garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: An observation port is provided on the upper circumference of the drum, and an observation window is sealed on the observation port.