Fuel cell thermal management system

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal management system of a fuel cell, which is applied to an electric pile provided with a cooling liquid outlet and a cooling liquid inlet. The fuel cell thermal management system comprises a main loop, the first end of the main loop is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet, and the second end of the main loop is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet; the first water pump is arranged on the main loop; the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the first heat exchange loop communicate with the main loop, and the liquid outlet end of the first heat exchange loop, the first water pump and the liquid inlet end of the first heat exchange loop are sequentially distributed on the main loop in the flowing direction of cooling liquid in the main loop; the first heating part is arranged on the first heat exchange loop and can heat the cooling liquid in the first heat exchange loop; and the deionizer is arranged on the first heat exchange loop. According to the scheme, the position easy to freeze in the fuel cell system can be heated and de-iced through the waste heat of the electric pile, and the success rate of cold start of the fuel cell system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] Existing fuel cell thermal management systems mostly focus on fuel cell cooling and heat dissipation, but inadequate consideration is given to system startup in low-temperature environments. Especially in the extremely low temperatures of winter, key components in the fuel cell system, such as the gas-liquid separator and hydrogen circulation pump, can freeze, severely impacting proper system startup. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a fuel cell thermal management system to solve the problem in the prior art that components in the fuel cell system may freeze in a low-temperature environment, thereby affecting the normal startup of the fuel cell system.

[0004] The utility model provides a fuel cell thermal management system, which is applied to a fuel cell stack, and the fuel cell stack has a coolant outlet and a coolant inlet; the fuel cell thermal management system includes: a main circuit, a first end of the main circuit is connected to the coolant outlet, and a second end of the main circuit is connected to the coolant inlet; a first water pump, which is arranged on the main circuit; a first heat exchange circuit, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the first heat exchange circuit are respectively connected to the main circuit, and the liquid outlet of the first heat exchange circuit, the first water pump and the liquid inlet of the first heat exchange circuit are sequentially distributed on the main circuit along the flow direction of the coolant in the main circuit; a first heating part, which is arranged on the first heat exchange circuit and can heat the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit; a deionizer, which is arranged on the first heat exchange circuit.

[0005] Furthermore, the first heat exchange circuit includes an inlet manifold, an outlet manifold and multiple heat exchange tubes, one end of the multiple heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the inlet manifold, the other ends of the multiple heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the outlet manifold, the end of the inlet manifold away from the multiple heat exchange tubes is connected to the main circuit, the connection position between the inlet manifold and the main circuit is located downstream of the first water pump, the end of the outlet manifold away from the multiple heat exchange tubes is connected to the main circuit, and the connection position between the outlet manifold and the main circuit is located upstream of the first water pump; the first heating part and the deionizer are both arranged on the inlet manifold.

[0006] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes: a first flow regulating unit, which is provided on the first heat exchange circuit, and the first flow regulating unit is used to regulate the flow of the coolant in the heat exchange tube.

[0007] Furthermore, at least one heat exchange tube is provided with a first flow regulating portion.

[0008] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system also includes: a flow regulating tube, one end of which is connected to the liquid inlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the main circuit, and the connection position of the flow regulating tube and the main circuit is located upstream of the connection position of the liquid outlet manifold and the main circuit; a second flow regulating part is arranged on the flow regulating tube to adjust the flow of the coolant in the flow regulating tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow area of ​​the flow regulating pipe and the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet manifold are both larger than the flow area of ​​the heat exchange pipe, and the second flow regulating part includes a first throttle valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes: a second heat exchange circuit, both ends of the second heat exchange circuit are respectively connected to the main circuit, and the second heat exchange circuit is located upstream of the first heat exchange circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes: a filter unit, which is arranged on the main circuit and located at the liquid outlet of the second heat exchange circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes: a cooling unit, which is used to cool the coolant circulating in the main circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system also includes: a bypass pipe, the first end of the bypass pipe is connected to the main circuit, and the connection position of the first end of the bypass pipe and the main circuit is located upstream of the cooling part, the second end of the bypass pipe is connected to the main circuit, and the connection position of the second end of the bypass pipe and the main circuit is located downstream of the cooling part; a three-way valve, the first end of the bypass pipe is connected to the main circuit through the three-way valve.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the waste heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack can be effectively utilized. The first component to be heated is heated and de-iced through the first heat exchange circuit to ensure the normal operation of the first component to be heated when the system is in a low-temperature state, thereby improving the success rate of cold start of the fuel cell system. Specifically, the high-temperature coolant generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack is circulated into the first heat exchange circuit through the main circuit. After the coolant circulates into the first heat exchange circuit, when the first component to be heated requires a large amount of heat, the first heating unit is started, and the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit is further heated by the first heating unit to increase the temperature of the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit and improve the heating effect on the first component to be heated. During this process, the deionizer removes ionic impurities in the coolant to ensure that the coolant flowing into the coolant inlet meets the preset standard. When the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit does not need to be further heated, the first heating unit is ensured to be in a closed state. During this process, the deionizer removes ionic impurities in the coolant to ensure that the coolant at the coolant inlet meets the preset standard. With such a setting, the waste heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack can be reasonably utilized. Furthermore, the design of connecting the first heating unit in series with the deionizer and then in parallel with the first water pump reduces the number of control valves in the system, reduces system complexity, and makes the control logic simpler and clearer. Furthermore, since the first heat exchange circuit is connected in parallel with the main circuit, the flow resistance of the main circuit does not increase during operation of the first heat exchange circuit, ensuring effective circulation of the coolant in the fuel cell stack and avoiding the possibility of cooling efficiency degradation caused by heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting part of this application are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel cell thermal management system provided by the present invention is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure at point A in the middle.

[0018] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0019] 10. Fuel cell stack; 101. Coolant outlet; 102. Coolant inlet;

[0020] 20. Main circuit; 21. First water pump;

[0021] 30. First heat exchange circuit; 3001. First component to be heated;

[0022] 31. Liquid inlet manifold; 32. Liquid outlet manifold; 33. Heat exchange tube; 34. Connecting tube;

[0023] 41. First heating unit; 42. Deionizer;

[0024] 50. A first flow regulating unit;

[0025] 61. Flow regulating tube; 62. Second flow regulating part;

[0026] 71. Second heat exchange circuit; 72. Second water pump; 73. Second heating unit;

[0027] 7101, second component to be heated;

[0028] 80. Filter unit;

[0029] 90. Cooling unit;

[0030] 91. Radiator; 92. Water tank; 93. Fan;

[0031] 100, bypass pipe; 110, three-way valve;

[0032] 01. First temperature sensor; 02. Second temperature sensor; 03. Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, which is applied to a fuel cell stack 10, wherein the fuel cell stack 10 has a coolant outlet 101 and a coolant inlet 102; the fuel cell thermal management system includes a main loop 20, a first water pump 21, a first heat exchange loop 30, a first heating part 41 and a deionizer 42. The first end of the main loop 20 is connected to the coolant outlet 101, and the second end of the main loop 20 is connected to the coolant inlet 102; the first water pump 21 is arranged on the main loop 20; the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the first heat exchange loop 30 are respectively connected to the main loop 20, and the liquid outlet of the first heat exchange loop 30, the first water pump 21 and the liquid inlet of the first heat exchange loop 30 are distributed in sequence on the main loop 20 along the flow direction of the coolant in the main loop 20, and the first heat exchange loop 30 is used to heat the first component to be heated 3001; the first heating part 41 is arranged on the first heat exchange loop 30, and the first heating part 41 can heat the coolant in the first heat exchange loop 30; the deionizer 42 is arranged on the first heat exchange loop 30.

[0035] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the waste heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack 10 can be effectively utilized, and the first component to be heated 3001 can be heated and de-iced through the first heat exchange circuit 30 to ensure the normal operation of the first component to be heated 3001 when the system is in a low-temperature state, thereby improving the success rate of cold start of the fuel cell system. Specifically, the high-temperature coolant generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack 10 flows through the main circuit 20 to the first heat exchange circuit 30. After the coolant flows into the first heat exchange circuit 30, when the first component to be heated 3001 requires a large amount of heat, the first heating part 41 is started, and the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit 30 is further heated by the first heating part 41 to increase the temperature of the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit 30 and improve the heating effect on the first component to be heated 3001. In this process, the deionizer 42 removes ionic impurities in the coolant to ensure that the coolant flowing into the coolant inlet 102 meets the preset standard. When there is no need to further heat the coolant in the first heat exchange loop 30, ensure that the first heating unit 41 is in a closed state. During this process, the deionizer 42 removes ionic impurities in the coolant to ensure that the coolant at the coolant inlet 102 meets the preset standard. This arrangement can reasonably utilize the waste heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell stack. In addition, the design of the first heating unit 41 being connected in series with the deionizer 42 and then in parallel with the first water pump 21 reduces the number of control valves in the system, reduces the complexity of the system, and makes the control logic simpler and clearer. In addition, since the first heat exchange loop 30 is connected in parallel with the main loop 20, the flow resistance of the main loop 20 will not increase during the operation of the first heat exchange loop 30, thereby ensuring the effective circulation of the coolant in the fuel cell stack and avoiding the possibility of a decrease in cooling efficiency due to heating.

[0036] Specifically, the first heat exchange circuit 30 includes an inlet manifold 31, an outlet manifold 32, and multiple heat exchange tubes 33. One end of each of the multiple heat exchange tubes 33 is connected to the inlet manifold 31, and the other end of each of the multiple heat exchange tubes 33 is connected to the outlet manifold 32. The end of the inlet manifold 31, which is away from the multiple heat exchange tubes 33, is connected to the main circuit 20. The location where the inlet manifold 31 connects to the main circuit 20 is located downstream of the first water pump 21. The end of the outlet manifold 32, which is away from the multiple heat exchange tubes 33, is connected to the main circuit 20. The location where the outlet manifold 32 connects to the main circuit 20 is located upstream of the first water pump 21. This arrangement allows the multiple heat exchange tubes 33 to be arranged close to each other, and the multiple heat exchange tubes 33 are used to heat adjacent components to be heated, thereby improving the convenience of the device. The provision of the liquid inlet manifold 31 and the liquid outlet manifold 32 ensures efficient circulation of the coolant in the first heat exchange loop 30 and simplifies the design of the first heat exchange loop 30 .

[0037] This solution does not limit the specific form of the first heated component 3001. In this embodiment, the first heated component 3001 includes a hydrogen circulator and a gas-liquid separator that cooperate with each other. The hydrogen circulator and gas-liquid separator may liquefy or freeze in low-temperature conditions. This solution allows the hydrogen circulator and gas-liquid separator to be activated in low-temperature environments, improving system stability.

[0038] There may be two heat exchange tubes 33 , one of which is used to heat the hydrogen circulator, and the other is used to heat the gas-liquid separator.

[0039] In an embodiment of this solution, the heat exchange tube 33 is used to spiral around the outer periphery of the first component to be heated 3001 , or the heat exchange tube 33 and the first component to be heated 3001 are in contact heat exchange.

[0040] The first heating unit 41 is mounted on the liquid inlet manifold 31, and the deionizer 42 is mounted on the liquid inlet manifold 31. The direct placement of the first heating unit 41 on the liquid inlet manifold 31 ensures that the coolant is heated before entering the heat exchange tubes 33, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire system. Furthermore, the placement of the deionizer 42 on the liquid inlet manifold 31 facilitates simultaneous maintenance of both the deionizer 42 and the first heating unit 41.

[0041] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes a first flow regulating unit 50 , which is disposed on the first heat exchange loop 30 and is used to regulate the flow of the coolant in the heat exchange tube 33 .

[0042] Specifically, at least one heat exchange tube 33 is provided with a first flow regulator 50. The first flow regulator 50 can control the flow of the coolant in the heat exchange tube 33, thereby adjusting the flow of the coolant according to the actual heat load demand of the system to achieve more effective thermal management.

[0043] In the embodiment of this solution, the first flow regulating unit 50 includes a second throttle valve, and the second throttle valve is provided on one of the heat exchange tubes 33 .

[0044] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system also includes a flow regulating tube 61 and a second flow regulating portion 62. One end of the flow regulating tube 61 is connected to the liquid inlet manifold 31, and the connection point between the flow regulating tube 61 and the liquid inlet manifold 31 is located downstream of the first heating unit 41 and the deionizer 42. The other end of the flow regulating tube 61 is connected to the main circuit 20, and the connection point between the flow regulating tube 61 and the main circuit 20 is located upstream of the connection point between the liquid outlet manifold 32 and the main circuit 20. The second flow regulating portion 62 is provided on the flow regulating tube 61 to adjust the flow rate of the coolant in the flow regulating tube 61. This configuration allows the flow rate of the coolant in the flow regulating tube 61 to be adjusted by the second flow regulating portion 62, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the multiple heat exchange tubes 33, thereby achieving more precise flow regulation.

[0045] Specifically, the flow area of ​​the flow regulating tube 61 and the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet manifold 31 are both larger than the flow area of ​​the heat exchange tube 33. The second flow regulating unit 62 includes a first throttle valve. When the first heated component 3001 does not require much heat, and after the first heating unit 41 is turned off, the heat level of the coolant in the heat exchange tube 33 is still too high. By reducing the flow area of ​​the heat exchange tube 33, the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange tube 33 can be made more suitable for the first heated component 3001.

[0046] Furthermore, the first heat exchange circuit 30 also includes a connecting pipe 34, one end of which is connected to the liquid inlet manifold 31. The connection point between the connecting pipe 34 and the liquid inlet manifold 31 is located downstream of the first heating unit 41 and the deionizer 42. The other end of the connecting pipe 34 is connected to the inlet ends of the multiple heat exchange tubes 33. The flow area of ​​the connecting pipe 34 is larger than the flow area of ​​a single heat exchange tube 33, but smaller than the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet manifold 31. The flow area of ​​the connecting pipe 34 is designed to be larger than the flow area of ​​a single heat exchange tube 33, which helps ensure that the coolant is evenly distributed to each heat exchange tube 33, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire heat exchange circuit.

[0047] In an embodiment of this solution, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes a second heat exchange circuit 71, a second water pump 72, and a second heating unit 73. The second heat exchange circuit 71 is connected to the main circuit 20 at both ends. The second heat exchange circuit 71 is located upstream of the first heat exchange circuit 30 and is used to heat the second component to be heated 7101. The second water pump 72 is provided on the second heat exchange circuit 71. The second heating unit 73 is provided on the second heat exchange circuit 71 and is used to heat the coolant within the second heat exchange circuit 71. The second heating unit 73 is located upstream of the second component to be heated 7101. This arrangement allows the second heat exchange circuit 71 and the first heat exchange circuit 30 to be independently controlled, allowing the system to adjust their heating strategies based on the specific needs of the first component to be heated 3001 and the second component to be heated 7101. The second heat exchange loop 71 is located upstream of the first heat exchange loop 30. This configuration allows the deionizer to be located downstream of both the first heat exchange loop 30 and the second heat exchange loop 71. This ensures that after the coolant flows through the first heat exchange loop 30 and the second heat exchange loop 71, the ionic impurities therein are removed, thereby improving the purity of the coolant and reducing corrosion and scaling within the system.

[0048] In an embodiment of this solution, the second heated component 7101 may include an air conditioning system. The heat exchange pipes of the air conditioning system are connected to the second heat exchange loop 71 at both ends. This allows high-temperature coolant to pass through the heat exchange pipes of the air conditioning system. This arrangement allows the heat generated by the fuel cell stack 10 to heat the air conditioning system via the second heat exchange loop 71, reducing the power consumption of the second heating unit 73 and improving the energy utilization of the fuel cell system and the entire vehicle.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes a filter unit 80, which is disposed on the primary circuit 20 and located at the outlet of the second heat exchange circuit 71. The filter unit 80 effectively removes impurities from the coolant, such as particulate matter, rust, and corrosion products, ensuring coolant cleanliness and improving the system's heat exchange efficiency. It also reduces wear and tear on components such as the pump, heat exchanger, and sensors, extending their service life. The filter unit 80 also helps prevent large particles in the coolant from clogging pipes and small channels, ensuring smooth coolant flow.

[0050] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system also includes a cooling unit 90, which is used to cool the coolant flowing through the main loop 20. When the coolant temperature is too high, the cooling unit 90 can quickly intervene to reduce the temperature, maintaining the coolant within the optimal temperature range and providing thermal protection for the fuel cell.

[0051] In this embodiment, the fuel cell thermal management system further includes a control system, a first temperature sensor 01, and a second temperature sensor 02. The first temperature sensor 01 is located on the main circuit 20 near the coolant outlet 101, while the second temperature sensor 02 is located on the main circuit 20 near the coolant inlet 102. The first temperature sensor 01, the second temperature sensor 02, and the cooling unit 90 are each electrically connected to the control system. Based on feedback from the two temperature sensors, the control system adjusts the operating state of the cooling unit 90 in real time to maintain the coolant within an optimal temperature range.

[0052] Specifically, cooling unit 90 includes a radiator 91, a water tank 92, and a fan 93. Radiator 91 includes a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, each of which is independent of the other. The first heat exchange channel is connected to the main circuit 20 at both ends, while the second heat exchange channel is connected to the water tank 92 at both ends. The water tank 92 is used to provide cooling water. Fan 93 is used to blow air into radiator 91.

[0053] The fuel cell system further includes a pressure sensor 03 and a solenoid valve, both of which are located on the main loop 20 near the coolant inlet 102. The pressure sensor 03 is used to detect the coolant pressure within the main loop 20. Both the pressure sensor 03 and the solenoid valve are electrically connected to the control system. The pressure sensor 03 monitors the coolant pressure within the main loop 20 near the coolant inlet 102 in real time, providing critical operating data for the control system. The solenoid valve adjusts the coolant flow rate based on feedback from the pressure sensor 03 and instructions from the control system to maintain stable pressure within the system.

[0054] Furthermore, the fuel cell thermal management system also includes a bypass pipe 100 and a three-way valve 110. The first end of the bypass pipe 100 is in communication with the main circuit 20, and the connection position of the first end of the bypass pipe 100 and the main circuit 20 is located upstream of the cooling unit 90. The second end of the bypass pipe 100 is in communication with the main circuit 20, and the connection position of the second end of the bypass pipe 100 and the main circuit 20 is located downstream of the cooling unit 90. The first end of the bypass pipe 100 is connected to the main circuit 20 through the three-way valve 110. Through the configuration of the three-way valve 110 and the bypass pipe 100, the system can flexibly choose whether to cool through the cooling unit 90 according to the temperature requirements of the coolant. During the initial operation of the fuel cell stack 10, if the coolant temperature is low, the cooling unit 90 can be blocked by the three-way valve 110 to avoid unnecessary cooling, thereby saving energy. After the stack 10 has been running for a while, if the coolant temperature rises too high, the three-way valve 110 can block the bypass pipe 100, allowing the coolant to flow through the cooling unit 90 to prevent the system from overheating. The three-way valve 110 can quickly switch the coolant flow path, improving the system's response to temperature changes.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0058] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell thermal management system, characterized in that: Applied to a fuel cell stack (10), the fuel cell stack (10) has a coolant outlet (101) and a coolant inlet (102), and the fuel cell thermal management system comprises: a main circuit (20), wherein a first end of the main circuit (20) is in communication with the coolant outlet (101), and a second end of the main circuit (20) is in communication with the coolant inlet (102); a first water pump (21), arranged on the main circuit (20); a first heat exchange circuit (30), wherein a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the first heat exchange circuit (30) are respectively connected to the main circuit (20), and the liquid outlet of the first heat exchange circuit (30), the first water pump (21), and the liquid inlet of the first heat exchange circuit (30) are sequentially distributed on the main circuit (20) along the flow direction of the coolant in the main circuit (20); a first heating portion (41) disposed on the first heat exchange circuit (30), wherein the first heating portion (41) is capable of heating the coolant in the first heat exchange circuit (30); A deionizer (42) is provided on the first heat exchange circuit (30).

2. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat exchange circuit (30) comprises a liquid inlet manifold (31), a liquid outlet manifold (32) and a plurality of heat exchange tubes (33); one end of the plurality of heat exchange tubes (33) is respectively connected to the liquid inlet manifold (31), and the other end of the plurality of heat exchange tubes (33) is respectively connected to the liquid outlet manifold (32); the end of the liquid inlet manifold (31) away from the plurality of heat exchange tubes (33) is connected to the main circuit (20); the connection position of the liquid inlet manifold (31) and the main circuit (20) is located downstream of the first water pump (21); the end of the liquid outlet manifold (32) away from the plurality of heat exchange tubes (33) is connected to the main circuit (20), and the connection position of the liquid outlet manifold (32) and the main circuit (20) is located upstream of the first water pump (21); the first heating part (41) and the deionizer (42) are both arranged on the liquid inlet manifold (31).

3. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuel cell thermal management system further comprises: A first flow regulating part (50) is provided on the first heat exchange circuit (30), and the first flow regulating part (50) is used to regulate the flow of the coolant in the heat exchange tube (33).

4. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the heat exchange tubes (33) is provided with the first flow regulating portion (50).

5. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuel cell thermal management system further comprises: a flow regulating tube (61), one end of the flow regulating tube (61) being in communication with the liquid inlet manifold (31), and the other end being in communication with the main circuit (20), the connection position between the flow regulating tube (61) and the main circuit (20) being located upstream of the connection position between the liquid outlet manifold (32) and the main circuit (20); A second flow regulating portion (62) is provided on the flow regulating tube (61) to regulate the flow of the cooling liquid in the flow regulating tube (61).

6. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow area of ​​the flow regulating tube (61) and the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet manifold (31) are both larger than the flow area of ​​the heat exchange tube (33), and the second flow regulating part (62) includes a first throttle valve.

7. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell thermal management system further comprises: A second heat exchange circuit (71), both ends of the second heat exchange circuit (71) are respectively connected to the main circuit (20), and the second heat exchange circuit (71) is located upstream of the first heat exchange circuit (30).

8. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fuel cell thermal management system further comprises: The filter unit (80) is provided on the main circuit (20) and is located at the liquid outlet of the second heat exchange circuit (71).

9. The fuel cell thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The fuel cell thermal management system further comprises: A cooling unit (90) is used to cool the coolant flowing through the main circuit (20).

10. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fuel cell thermal management system further comprises: a bypass pipe (100), wherein a first end of the bypass pipe (100) is in communication with the main circuit (20), and a connection position between the first end of the bypass pipe (100) and the main circuit (20) is located upstream of the cooling portion (90); and a second end of the bypass pipe (100) is in communication with the main circuit (20), and a connection position between the second end of the bypass pipe (100) and the main circuit (20) is located downstream of the cooling portion (90); A three-way valve (110), wherein the first end of the bypass pipe (100) is connected to the main circuit (20) through the three-way valve (110).

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