High-temperature equipment for chemical production
By setting up heat insulation components in high-temperature equipment, heat transfer is reduced, the problems of coking and metal carbonization in chemical production are solved, and the equipment life is extended and maintenance frequency is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421975509.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-06-27
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-14
AI Technical Summary
In chemical production, organic matter from high-temperature equipment is easily coking and attached to the equipment surface, resulting in the equipment operation being suspended, and metal parts are prone to carbonization and carburizing, affecting the equipment performance and life.
A heat insulating component is provided between the heat source of the high-temperature equipment and the first part to reduce the interface temperature to prevent or slow down the coking and metal carbonization, and to reduce heat transfer through the thermal insulation coating or other structures.
It significantly reduces the inner surface temperature of the first part, slows down coking and mechanical properties, extends the service life of the equipment and reduces maintenance frequency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223263802U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to a high-temperature device for chemical production, and more particularly, to a high-temperature device for chemical production capable of preventing or slowing down organic coking and metal carbonization and / or carburization under high-temperature operating conditions. Background Art
[0002] In chemical production, it is common to use various high-temperature equipment for reactions and conversions. However, under high temperature conditions, the organic matter used is easily coked and attached to the inner surface of the equipment, resulting in the need to suspend the operation of the equipment and clean the surface to which the coke is attached. At the same time, under high temperature conditions, the metal in contact with the organic matter is also prone to carbonization and / or carburization, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the equipment material and a shortened lifespan. Without being limited by any theory, the rate at which the organic matter cokes and adheres to the surface of the equipment and the rate at which the metal in contact with the organic matter carburizes and / or carburizes are both positively correlated with the temperature of the interface between the organic matter and the equipment surface. It can be seen that lowering the temperature at this interface helps to prevent or alleviate the above-mentioned problems.
[0003] In order to at least partially overcome the above problems, the present application proposes a new type of high-temperature equipment, which can reduce the temperature at the interface by arranging a heat insulation component between the heat source and the above interface, thereby preventing or slowing down coking and metal carbonization and / or carburization. Utility Model Content
[0004] To prevent or mitigate problems such as coking, carburization, and carbonization in chemical production equipment operating at high temperatures, this application discloses a high-temperature device for chemical production, comprising: a heating portion; a tubular first portion adjacent to the heating portion; and a heat-insulating portion disposed between the heating portion and the first portion, configured to block heat transfer from the heating portion to the first portion during operation of the high-temperature device. By reducing the heat load of the first portion during operation of the high-temperature device through the heat-insulating portion, problems such as coking and / or performance degradation in the first portion can be avoided or mitigated, and the required maintenance frequency can be reduced.
[0005] In some examples of the present application, the heat insulating portion is a heat insulating coating provided on at least a portion of the outer surface of the first portion to provide a function of blocking heat transfer.
[0006] In some examples of the present application, the first portion includes a main body and an end portion, and during operation of the high-temperature device, the end portion of the first portion at least partially extends into the space of the heating portion, and the thermal insulation portion is provided on at least a portion of an outer surface of the end portion of the first portion. In some other examples of the present application, the end portion of the first portion is entirely located within the space of the heating portion and at least a portion of the main body of the first portion extends into the space of the heating portion, the thermal insulation portion is provided on the outer surface of the end portion of the first portion and on the outer surface of at least a portion of the main body of the first portion, and during operation of the high-temperature device, the temperature of the end portion of the first portion is higher than the temperature within the space of the heating portion.
[0007] In some examples of the present application, during operation of the high-temperature equipment, the inner surface temperature of the main body of the first part is not less than 400°C lower than the temperature of the heating part, so as to avoid or slow down problems such as coking and / or performance degradation of the first part and reduce the required maintenance frequency.
[0008] In some examples of the present application, the first part is made of a high-temperature resistant metal or non-metal material and is used to deliver organic compounds or combustion auxiliary gas during operation of the high-temperature device to serve as a combustion nozzle of the high-temperature device.
[0009] In some examples of the present application, the first part is a fuel nozzle, the heating part is a combustion chamber, and the organic compound contains hydrocarbons, so that the hydrocarbons as fuel are injected into the heating part by the first part for combustion, thereby providing heat during operation of the high-temperature equipment.
[0010] In some examples of the present application, a surface pretreatment layer is further included between the thermal barrier coating and the outer surface of the first portion to improve adhesion between the thermal barrier coating and the outer surface of the first portion.
[0011] In some examples of the present application, the high-temperature equipment also includes a second part adjacent to the heating part, and the second part is heated by the heating part during operation of the high-temperature equipment to heat the substance inside the second part, for example, as preheating or reacting at high temperature, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a high-temperature device for chemical production according to one embodiment of the present application.
[0013] 100 - high temperature equipment; 110 - heating part; 120 - first part; 122 - main body of the first part; 124 - end of the first part; 130 - heat insulation part; 140 - second part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following describes a high-temperature apparatus for chemical production according to the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the components are not drawn to scale, the illustrated components do not represent essential components of the apparatus according to the present application, and structures known in the art may be omitted to avoid obscuring the technical features of the present application.
[0015] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a high-temperature device 100 for chemical production according to one embodiment of the present application is shown. In some embodiments, the high-temperature device 100 includes a heating portion 110 and a tubular first portion 120. Under operating conditions, the heating portion 110 provides at least a portion of the heat required for chemical production, and the first portion 120 is adjacent to the heating portion 110. In some embodiments, during operation of the high-temperature device 100, the heating portion 110 is at a high temperature (e.g., above 400°C, even above 800°C, or even above 1200°C), and inevitably transfers some heat to the first portion 120. In some embodiments, the first portion 120 may be a fuel nozzle for ejecting organic fuel that burns in the heating portion 110, thereby providing heat to the heating portion 110. In this case, it is understood that the heating portion 110 is a combustion chamber, providing a space for fuel combustion, and the temperature at the end 124 of the first portion 120 may even be higher than that of the heating portion 110. In other embodiments, the first portion 120 may be another structure for transporting organic matter through the interior of the high-temperature device 100, such as part of a pipeline. In any case, the organic matter conveyed in the first portion 120 is heated by the heating portion 110. In these embodiments, during operation of the high-temperature device 100, the inner surface of the first portion 120 contacts the organic matter, and the interface between the two is under high temperature conditions at at least a portion (e.g., the end portion 124), for example, above 400° C., even above 800° C., or even above 1200° C.
[0016] In some embodiments, the first portion 120 is made of a high-temperature-resistant metal material, such as high-temperature-resistant stainless steel. In other embodiments, the first portion 120 is made of a high-temperature-resistant non-metallic material, such as high-temperature-resistant ceramics. Organic matter (e.g., hydrocarbons) tends to form coke under high-temperature conditions and adhere to at least a portion of the inner surface of the first portion 120. As the thickness of the coke increases, the effective inner diameter of the first portion 120 decreases, increasing the resistance to the flow of organic matter within the first portion 120. Therefore, as the high-temperature equipment 100 operates and coke forms on the first portion 120, it is often necessary to periodically stop the high-temperature equipment 100 and perform a coke removal operation on the interior of the first portion 120. This results in the suspension of high-temperature chemical production and a loss of effective production time for the device, as well as the additional cost of coke removal. Furthermore, under high-temperature conditions, if the first portion 120 is made of metal, carburization / carbonization is also prone to occur, which reduces its mechanical strength and easily causes cracks.
[0017] Without being limited by any theory, some studies have shown that the rate at which organic matter cokes and adheres to a surface (e.g., a metal surface) is positively correlated with temperature. In other words, when the temperature of the first part 120 is high and the temperature of the organic matter contained therein is correspondingly high, the mass of the material coked and attached to the inner surface of the first part 120 per unit time is large and thick. In contrast, the high-temperature device 100 according to the present application is additionally provided with a heat insulating portion 130 between the heating portion 110 serving as a heat source and the first part 120 to at least partially block the transfer of heat from the heating portion 110 to the first part 120 during the operation of the high-temperature device 100, thereby reducing the temperature inside the first part 120 and preventing or slowing down the occurrence of the above-mentioned coking. In addition, when the first part 120 is made of metal, the rate of carburization / carbonization is generally also positively correlated with temperature.
[0018] In some other embodiments, the first part 120 can be used to transport substances other than organic matter, such as inorganic gases or liquid materials, such as combustion-supporting gases (such as air or oxygen) or other non-reactive materials. In this case, although coking will not occur inside the first part 120, due to the possible limitations of the heat resistance of the material of the first part 120, deterioration of mechanical properties (for example, decreased mechanical strength, cracks, etc.) may occur when exposed to high temperatures for a long time, and eventually need to be replaced. It is understandable that this problem is also seen in the first part 120 for transporting organic matter. According to the high-temperature equipment 100 of the present application, an insulating part 130 is additionally provided between the heating part 110 as a heat source and the first part 120, which can also avoid or slow down the degradation of the mechanical properties of the first part 120 caused by exposure to high temperatures, thereby extending the service life of the first part 120 and reducing the maintenance frequency.
[0019] During operation of the high-temperature apparatus 100 according to the present application, the inner surface temperature of at least a portion of the first portion 120 is at least 400°C, even 600°C, or even 800°C lower than the temperature of the heating portion 110, thanks to the thermal insulation portion 130 provided within the heating portion 110. In contrast, during operation of a high-temperature apparatus without a thermal insulation portion, the corresponding inner surface temperature of the first portion may approach the temperature of the heating portion, or be less than 200°C lower than the temperature of the heating portion. Thus, while the temperature of the heating portion cannot be adjusted due to fixed operating conditions, the inner surface temperature of at least a portion of the first portion 120 of the high-temperature apparatus 100 according to the present application is reduced by at least 200°C, even 400°C, or even 600°C during operation compared to the inner surface of the first portion of the high-temperature apparatus without a thermal insulation portion. This significantly prevents or mitigates coking and / or mechanical property degradation of the first portion 120, thereby reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement.
[0020] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation portion 130 is a thermal insulation coating coated or otherwise applied to the outer surface of the first portion 120. Without being limited by any theory, the thermal insulation coating can reduce the heat transferred from the heating portion 110 to the first portion 120 during the operation of the high-temperature device 100 by reducing thermal radiation, thermal conduction, thermal convection, etc. As an example, the thermal insulation coating can be a material with low thermal absorption rate and / or high thermal reflectivity to reduce the heat absorbed by the first portion 120 in the form of thermal radiation. As another example, the thermal insulation coating can be a material with low thermal conductivity to reduce the heat absorbed by the first portion 120 in the form of thermal conduction. As another example, the thermal insulation coating can be a material that inhibits thermal convection, for example, by controlling the thickness and morphology of the coating to reduce the flow rate of the surface fluid, thereby reducing heat transfer caused by convection. In some examples, the thermal insulation coating can be a material having two or more of the above properties.
[0021] In some embodiments, the high-temperature device 100 further includes a surface pretreatment layer (not shown) disposed between the outer surface of the first portion 120 and the thermal insulation coating serving as the thermal insulation portion 130 to improve the bonding strength between the thermal insulation coating and the outer surface of the first portion 120. As an example, the surface pretreatment layer may include one or more of a surface roughening layer, a surface activation layer, and a primer layer to improve the adhesion of the outer surface of the first portion 120 and provide a good surface for the thermal insulation coating to adhere to. The thermal insulation coating may be made of various materials known in the art or yet to be developed that provide thermal insulation properties, such as thermal insulation ceramic coatings (e.g., aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium dioxide, etc.), high-temperature resistant reflective metal coatings (e.g., ), and composite coatings of the two.
[0022] In other embodiments, the heat insulating portion 130 may also be other structures that utilize similar principles to reduce heat transfer. For example, a reflective plate or tubular structure (not shown) or a fiber layer of heat insulating material may be included. These structures at least partially surround the first portion 120 and reduce heat transfer from the heating portion 110 to the first portion 120 primarily by reducing thermal radiation or thermal conduction. In some embodiments, these reflective plate or tubular structures may be used in conjunction with a heat insulating coating.
[0023] In some embodiments, the high temperature device 100 further includes a second portion 140 adjacent to the heating portion 110. In some embodiments, during the operation of the high temperature device 100, the second portion 140 is the main heating target designed for the heating portion 110. As an example, the second portion 140 can be a reaction tube in which a chemical reaction that needs to be carried out at a high temperature can occur. Accordingly, the second portion 140 can heat the reactants contained in the second portion 140 to a high temperature by means of electric heating, combustion heat generation, etc. It should be understood that in some high temperature devices 100 used for chemical reactions at high temperatures, the second portion 140 may not be included, but the cavity of the heating portion 110 may be directly used as a container for the reaction to occur. In any case, the heat generated by the heating portion 110 will still be transferred to the first portion 120, so the heat insulation portion 130 of the high temperature device 100 according to the present application is applicable.
[0024] In some embodiments, the end 124 of the first portion 120 can be narrowed in diameter relative to the main body 122 to form a sharper tip. In other embodiments, the end 124 of the first portion 120 can also have other sizes and shapes that are the same as or different from the main body 122.
[0025] It should be understood that the high-temperature equipment 100 according to the present application can be any chemical production equipment having a heating portion (e.g., an electrically heated or fuel-heated furnace) and a portion requiring thermal insulation and cooling (e.g., components for transporting or injecting organic reactants or fuel). In the context of the present application, as an example, the high-temperature equipment 100 as chemical production equipment can include common chemical production reaction devices such as cracking furnaces and syngas plants, as well as material preheating furnaces and simple heating furnaces, and other devices other than reaction devices generally used in chemical production.
[0026] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, at least a portion of the main body 122 and the end 124 of the first portion 120 extend into the space of the heating portion 110. As described above, the first portion 120 may be a fuel nozzle or a combustion-supporting gas nozzle, and the heating portion 110 may be a combustion chamber. In this case, extending at least a portion of the main body 122 and the end 124 of the first portion 120 into the space of the heating portion 110 may help the fuel and / or combustion-supporting gas be more thoroughly mixed into the heating portion 110. In some embodiments, the outer surfaces of the portion of the main body 122 and the end 124 of the first portion 120 that extend into the heating portion 110 are both provided with a heat insulating portion 130. In other embodiments, the heat insulating portion 130 may be provided only on the portion of the main body 122 and a portion of the end 124, such as only on the end 124.
[0027] In other embodiments, Figure 1 Unlike the example shown, only the entire or a portion of the end portion 124 of the first portion 120 extends into the space of the heating portion 110, while the main body 122 of the first portion 120 is completely located outside the space of the heating portion 110 (not shown). In this case, the heat insulating portion 130 can be provided only on the outer surface of the end portion 124 of the first portion 120.
[0028] The above descriptions of various embodiments of the present application are intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and are not intended to limit the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims
1. A high temperature equipment for chemical production, characterized in that, include: Heating part; a tubular first portion adjacent to the heating portion; as well as The heat insulating portion is provided between the heating portion and the first portion, and is used to block heat transfer from the heating portion to the first portion during operation of the high-temperature device.
2. The high temperature equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat-insulating portion is a heat-insulating coating provided on at least a portion of the outer surface of the first portion.
3. The high temperature equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first part includes a body and an end portion, wherein the end portion of the first part at least partially extends into the space of the heating part during operation of the high-temperature device, and the insulation part is arranged on at least a portion of the outer surface of the end portion of the first part.
4. The high temperature equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that The end of the first part is entirely located within the space of the heating part and at least part of the main body of the first part extends into the space of the heating part, the insulation part is arranged on the outer surface of the end of the first part and on the outer surface of at least part of the main body of the first part, and during operation of the high-temperature equipment, the temperature of the end of the first part is higher than the temperature within the space of the heating part.
5. The high temperature equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that During operation of the high temperature device, the inner surface temperature of the main body of the first portion is not less than 400° C. lower than the temperature of the heating portion.
6. The high temperature equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The first part is made of a high-temperature resistant metal or non-metal material and is used to transport organic compounds or combustion auxiliary gas during operation of the high-temperature equipment.
7. The high temperature equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that The first part is a fuel nozzle, the heating part is a combustion chamber, and the organic compound includes hydrocarbons.
8. The high temperature equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that Also included is a surface pretreatment layer disposed between the thermal barrier coating and the outer surface of the first portion.
9. The high temperature equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The high temperature device further includes a second portion adjacent to the heating portion, the second portion being heated by the heating portion during operation of the high temperature device for heating a substance inside the second portion.