Vertical silo composting reactor

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of composting reactors, and relates to a vertical silo composting reactor which comprises a silo mechanism, the silo mechanism comprises a wedge-shaped silo bottom and a plurality of cylindrical silo bodies, circular hollow ring beams are arranged between the two cylindrical silo bodies, and an isolation screen is arranged on the inner side of each circular hollow ring beam. The pore sizes of the plurality of isolation screens are sequentially reduced from the flowing direction of the materials; the ventilation mechanism comprises a bottom layer ventilation pipeline arranged on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder bottom and a middle layer ventilation pipeline communicated with the hollow ring beam; the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding conveying mechanism and a feeding control mechanism and is used for controlling conveying of materials; and the deodorization mechanism comprises a deodorization box, an exhaust cylinder and a top cover. According to the utility model, the problems of material compaction, ventilation, mixing and odor treatment of the vertical composting reactor are solved through low-cost technical improvement, and the construction and operation cost and the complexity of technology and operation are reduced, so that the popularization and application of the vertical silo composting reactor are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of composting reactors, in particular to a vertical silo composting reactor. Background Art

[0002] A vertical silo composting reactor is a device used to process organic waste and convert it into high-quality compost. It consists of one or more vertically arranged silos, each with its own functional areas. Under gravity, material is added at the top and gradually moves downward through the various processing stages, ultimately discharging the decomposed compost at the bottom. This natural material flow reduces the need for mechanical agitation and helps reduce energy consumption.

[0003] Existing vertical silo composting reactors have problems such as easy compaction of materials, poor ventilation, uneven material mixing, and high cost, which reduce the decomposition rate of organic matter and the quality of compost. Therefore, a vertical silo composting reactor is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vertical silo composting reactor to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A vertical silo composting reactor comprising

[0007] A silo mechanism comprising a wedge-shaped bottom and a plurality of cylindrical sections, wherein a circular hollow ring beam is provided between two adjacent sections of the cylindrical section, and an isolation screen is provided inside each of the circular hollow ring beams, wherein the apertures of the isolation screens decrease in sequence from the direction of material flow;

[0008] A ventilation mechanism, comprising a bottom ventilation duct provided on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder bottom, and a middle ventilation duct connected to the hollow ring beam, wherein the bottom ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of evenly spaced bottom ventilation holes on a side close to the cylinder bottom, and a plurality of middle ventilation holes are provided on an inner side of the hollow ring beam at equal circumferential intervals, wherein the bottom ventilation duct and the middle ventilation duct are connected to the same blower, and the blower is located on the outer side of the cylinder bottom;

[0009] A deodorizing mechanism is provided on the top surface of the cylinder body at the uppermost portion, the deodorizing mechanism comprising a deodorizing box placed on the top surface of the cylinder body, the top surface of the deodorizing box is connected to an exhaust pipe, and a top cover is provided on the top of the exhaust pipe;

[0010] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding conveying mechanism and a feeding control mechanism, which are used to control the conveying of materials.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the cylinder body is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer.

[0012] Preferably, a through hole is provided on the bottom and the body of the cylinder, and the through hole is used for the operator to enter the cylinder body. The through hole is sealed by a through hole cover, and an observation hole is provided on the through hole cover, and the observation hole is sealed by the observation hole cover. The observation hole cover is a screw cover, and the operator can insert a temperature and humidity measuring probe for detection or sampling after opening the observation hole cover.

[0013] Preferably, butterfly valves are installed on the pipes connecting the blower and the bottom-layer ventilation pipes and each middle-layer ventilation pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding and conveying mechanism includes a lifting frame, a winch is provided on one side of the bottom end of the lifting frame, the movable end of the steel cable on the winch is connected to the hopper, the hopper is slidably connected to the lifting frame, and the top of the lifting frame is connected to the feeding control mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the feed control mechanism includes a feed funnel, the bottom end of the feed funnel is fixedly connected to a sealing frame, the length of the sealing frame is twice the length of the discharge end of the feed funnel, a sealing cover is slidably connected inside the sealing frame, the size of the sealing cover is larger than the size of the discharge end of the feed funnel, and a handle is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing cover away from the top surface of the feed funnel.

[0016] Preferably, the discharge end of the cylinder bottom is connected to a spiral discharger.

[0017] Preferably, the same ladder is fixedly connected to the outer walls of several sections of the cylinder body.

[0018] Preferably, a working platform is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each section of the cylinder body, and the working platform is adjacent to the ladder.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] The utility model adopts a wedge-shaped bottom and a multi-section cylindrical barrel. A hollow ring beam with an isolation screen is provided between each section. The aperture of the screen gradually decreases from top to bottom, effectively dispersing the material and avoiding compaction. Bottom and middle layer ventilation ducts are set up and connected to the blower to ensure uniform oxygen supply, promote aerobic microbial activity, increase the decomposition rate and reduce odor. Gravity and air flow disturbance are used to mix the materials evenly without the need for an additional stirring device. The design is simple, which reduces complex mechanical structures and reduces initial investment and operation and maintenance costs. The utility model can solve the common problems of material compaction, ventilation, material mixing and deodorization in silo composting reactor applications. It has the characteristics of low cost, easy operation and high environmental protection. It is suitable for small-scale preparation of organic fertilizers in rural and pastoral areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the barrel located in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the ventilation mechanism;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of middle A;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the feeding and conveying mechanism;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of middle B;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of middle C;

[0029] Figure 8 This is the usage status diagram of the feed control mechanism;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the non-use state of the feed control mechanism;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the deodorization mechanism;

[0032] Among them, 1. Silo mechanism; 2. Ventilation mechanism; 3. Feed mechanism; 4. Deodorization mechanism; 5. Ladder; 6. Working platform; 7. Hopper; 101. Cylinder bottom; 102. Cylinder body; 103. Hollow ring beam; 104. Isolation screen; 105. Through-hole cover; 106. Observation hole cover; 201. Bottom ventilation duct; 202. Middle ventilation duct; 203. Blower; 204. Butterfly valve; 301. Feed conveying mechanism; 302. Feed control mechanism; 3011. Lifting frame; 3012. Winch; 3013. Steel cable; 3021. Feed hopper; 3022. Sealing frame; 3023. Cover; 3024. Handle; 401. Deodorization box; 402. Exhaust pipe; 403. Top cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 10 The utility model discloses a vertical silo composting reactor, comprising

[0036] The silo mechanism 1 comprises a wedge-shaped bottom 101 and a plurality of cylindrical sections 102. A circular hollow ring beam 103 is provided between two adjacent sections of the cylindrical section 102. An isolation screen 104 is provided inside each circular hollow ring beam 103. The apertures of the isolation screens 104 decrease in size in the direction of material flow.

[0037] Ventilation mechanism 2 includes a bottom ventilation duct 201 disposed on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder bottom 101, and a middle ventilation duct 202 connected to the hollow ring beam 103. The bottom ventilation duct 201 has a plurality of evenly spaced bottom ventilation holes on a side close to the cylinder bottom 101, and a plurality of middle ventilation holes are evenly spaced circumferentially on the inner side of the hollow ring beam 103. The bottom ventilation duct 201 and the middle ventilation duct 202 are connected to the same blower 203, which is located on the outer side of the cylinder bottom 101.

[0038] The top surface of the barrel 102, located at the top, is provided with a deodorizing mechanism 4. The deodorizing mechanism 4 includes a deodorizing tank 401 placed on the top surface of the barrel 102. The top surface of the deodorizing tank 401 is connected to an exhaust pipe 402. The top of the exhaust pipe 402 is provided with a top cover 403 to prevent rainwater from entering the deodorizing tank 401 and having an uncertain impact on the deodorizing effect. Because the exhaust pipe 402 has a height requirement, the deodorizing tank 401 is placed above the silo. This can reduce the length of the gas pipeline used, make it easier to extract odors from the silo, and provide a certain degree of insulation. Due to the use of a highly sealed feed port and the slight negative pressure formed by the exhaust in the silo, no odor will leak out, ensuring the high environmental protection of the device.

[0039] The feeding mechanism 3 includes a feeding conveying mechanism 301 and a feeding control mechanism 302, which are used to control the conveying of materials.

[0040] The utility model adopts a wedge-shaped bottom 101 and a multi-section cylindrical body 102. A hollow ring beam 103 with an isolation screen 104 is provided between each section. The aperture of the screen gradually decreases from top to bottom, effectively dispersing the material and avoiding compaction. Bottom and middle layer ventilation ducts are set up and connected to the blower 203 to ensure uniform oxygen supply, promote aerobic microbial activity, increase the decomposition rate and reduce odor. Gravity and air flow disturbance are used to mix the materials evenly without the need for an additional stirring device. The design is simple, reduces complex mechanical structures, and reduces initial investment and operation and maintenance costs. The utility model can solve the common problems of material compaction, ventilation, material mixing and deodorization in silo composting reactor applications. It has the characteristics of low cost, easy operation and high environmental protection. It is suitable for small-scale preparation of organic fertilizers in rural and pastoral areas.

[0041] To further optimize the solution, the outer wall of the barrel 102 is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer.

[0042] The insulation layer can effectively reduce heat loss during the composting process and make the temperature inside the reactor more stable. Stable temperature promotes microbial activity, improves the decomposition rate of organic matter and improves the quality of compost.

[0043] The bottom 101 of the cylinder can be provided with an insulation layer according to actual needs, and the present invention does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0044] According to a further optimization solution, the isolation screen 104 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, carbon fiber, nylon or other polymer materials with a certain strength.

[0045] In a further optimized solution, through-holes are provided on the bottom 101 and the body 102 of the cylinder. The through-holes are used to allow an operator to enter the body 102. The through-holes are sealed by a through-hole cover 105. The through-hole cover 105 has an observation hole, which is sealed by an observation hole cover 106. The observation hole cover 106 is a screw cap. After opening the observation hole cover 106, the operator can insert a temperature or humidity measurement probe for detection or sampling.

[0046] To further optimize the solution, butterfly valves 204 are installed on the pipes connecting the blower 203 with the bottom-level ventilation pipe 201 and each middle-level ventilation pipe 202.

[0047] The butterfly valve 204 can control the ventilation volume and ventilation time of the bottom ventilation pipeline 201 and each middle ventilation pipeline 202 according to the composting needs, and the temperature and moisture can be controlled in conjunction with the observation through the observation hole and the data measurement by the probe inserted therein.

[0048] To further optimize the solution, the feeding and conveying mechanism 301 includes a lifting frame 3011, and a winch 3012 is provided on one side of the bottom end of the lifting frame 3011. The movable end of the steel cable 3013 on the winch 3012 is connected to the hopper 7, and the hopper 7 is slidably connected to the lifting frame 3011. The top of the lifting frame 3011 is connected to the feeding control mechanism 302.

[0049] To further optimize the solution, the feed control mechanism 302 includes a feed funnel 3021, and a sealing frame 3022 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the feed funnel 3021. The length of the sealing frame 3022 is twice the length of the discharge end of the feed funnel 3021. A sealing cover 3023 is slidingly connected inside the sealing frame 3022. The size of the sealing cover 3023 is larger than the size of the discharge end of the feed funnel 3021, and a handle 3024 is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing cover 3023 away from the top surface of the feed funnel 3021.

[0050] The cover 3023, housed within the sealing frame 3022, seals the feed opening at the top of the silo. When closed, it completely covers the opening, while when open, it allows material to enter through the bottom of the feed hopper 3021. The bottom opening of the feed hopper 3021 is smaller than the opening, effectively preventing material spillage. The loading and feeding of the inlet and outlet systems, along with the screening process within the silo system, effectively promotes material mixing.

[0051] To further optimize the solution, the discharge end of the cylinder bottom 101 is connected to a spiral discharger.

[0052] According to a further optimized solution, a ladder 5 is fixedly connected to the outer walls of several sections of the barrel 102 .

[0053] According to a further optimized solution, a working platform 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each section of the cylinder 102 , and the working platform 6 is adjacent to the ladder 5 .

[0054] The use of the ladder 5 saves costs and space while ensuring safety. The setting of the working platform 6 is consistent with the segmentation of the cylinder body 102, which is convenient for measurement and maintenance.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0056] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present invention made by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical silo composting reactor, characterized by: include A silo mechanism (1) comprises a wedge-shaped bottom (101) and a plurality of cylindrical barrel sections (102); a circular hollow ring beam (103) is provided between two adjacent barrel sections (102); an isolation screen (104) is provided inside each of the circular hollow ring beams (103); and the apertures of the plurality of isolation screens (104) decrease in order from the flow direction of the material; A ventilation mechanism (2), the ventilation mechanism (2) comprising a bottom ventilation pipeline (201) arranged on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder bottom (101), and a middle ventilation pipeline (202) in communication with the hollow ring beam (103); a side of the bottom ventilation pipeline (201) close to the cylinder bottom (101) is provided with a plurality of bottom ventilation holes evenly spaced apart; a side of the hollow ring beam (103) is provided with a plurality of middle ventilation holes evenly spaced apart in a circumferential direction; the bottom ventilation pipeline (201) and the middle ventilation pipeline (202) are in communication with a same blower (203); and the blower (203) is located on the outer side of the cylinder bottom (101); A deodorizing mechanism (4) is provided on the top surface of the cylinder body (102) at the uppermost portion. The deodorizing mechanism (4) comprises a deodorizing box (401) placed on the top surface of the cylinder body (102). The top surface of the deodorizing box (401) is connected to an exhaust pipe (402). A top cover (403) is provided on the top of the exhaust pipe (402). The feeding mechanism (3) comprises a feeding conveying mechanism (301) and a feeding control mechanism (302), which are used to control the conveying of materials.

2. A vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the barrel (102) is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer.

3. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder (101) 、 A through hole is provided on the barrel body (102), and the through hole is used for an operator to enter the barrel body (102). The through hole is sealed by a through hole cover (105). An observation hole is provided on the through hole cover (105), and the observation hole is sealed by an observation hole cover (106). The observation hole cover (106) is a screw cover.

4. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Butterfly valves (204) are installed on the pipelines connecting the blower (203) with the bottom-layer ventilation pipeline (201) and each middle-layer ventilation pipeline (202).

5. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and conveying mechanism (301) comprises a lifting frame (3011), a winch (3012) is provided on one side of the bottom end of the lifting frame (3011), the movable end of the steel cable (3013) on the winch (3012) is connected to the hopper (7), the hopper (7) is slidably connected to the lifting frame (3011), and the top end of the lifting frame (3011) is connected to the feeding control mechanism (302).

6. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed control mechanism (302) includes a feed funnel (3021), the bottom end of the feed funnel (3021) is fixedly connected to a sealing frame (3022), the length of the sealing frame (3022) is twice the length of the discharge end of the feed funnel (3021), a sealing cover (3023) is slidably connected inside the sealing frame (3022), the size of the sealing cover (3023) is larger than the size of the discharge end of the feed funnel (3021), and a handle (3024) is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing cover (3023) away from the top surface of the feed funnel (3021).

7. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end of the cylinder bottom (101) is connected to a spiral discharger.

8. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the several sections of the barrel (102) are fixedly connected with a same ladder (5).

9. The vertical silo composting reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: A working platform (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each section of the barrel (102), and the working platform (6) is adjacent to the ladder (5).

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