Novel replaceable pilot cutter embedded with columnar diamond

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of large-diameter shield cutters, and particularly discloses a novel replaceable pilot cutter embedded with columnar diamonds, which comprises a pilot cutter body, wear-resistant alloy is embedded at the top cutting position of the pilot cutter body, and the columnar diamonds extending along the cutting edge direction are arranged on the outer side of the top cutting position of the pilot cutter body. Protection blocks are arranged on the outer sides of the diamonds respectively, the height of the protection blocks is not smaller than that of the diamonds, and in abrasive stratums such as soft soil and soft sand and fully weathered stratums, long-distance tunneling is achieved, the service life of a cutter is prolonged, the number of times of cutter replacement is reduced, the tunneling distance is prolonged, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of large-diameter shield tooling tools, and particularly discloses a novel replaceable leading tool inlaid with columnar diamonds. Background Art

[0002] The replaceable guide cutter is the most widely used excavation tool for large-diameter shield machines in soft soil, soft sand and fully weathered rock formations. As the tool that allows the shield cutterhead to contact the tunnel face in advance, its main function is to destroy the internal stress of the rock and soil and the stability of the tunnel face, and to reduce the torque of the cutterhead in cutting the rock and soil. The replaceable guide cutter has a vital impact on the excavation efficiency. When the shield machine starts, it needs to break the tunnel door. Due to the presence of reinforced concrete, it often causes abnormal damage to the initially installed cutter. When encountering sandy soil layers and fully weathered rock formations that are highly abrasive but have little impact on the cutter, the guide cutter has a greater penetration rate and the cutter wears faster. In addition, as the cutter height decreases, the cutterhead torque increases, resulting in an increase in the cutterhead thrust, a slower excavation speed, and a reduced tool life. In order to ensure normal excavation, the cutter needs to be replaced frequently, which not only affects work efficiency but also increases construction costs.

[0003] In order to improve the wear resistance of the existing replaceable guide cutters, diamonds are usually embedded on the outside of the wear-resistant alloy at both ends of the cutting part. Due to the high hardness of the diamond, its wear resistance can be guaranteed. However, when the shield machine starts to break the tunnel, it is often easy to cause the outer diamond to break, thereby affecting the subsequent excavation. If the cutter is replaced, the construction cost will inevitably increase. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the structure of the replaceable guide cutter in order to effectively protect the diamond and ensure that the diamond can continue to play a role after the initial breaking door, thereby increasing the tool life, extending the excavation distance, improving construction efficiency, and reducing tool costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the utility model discloses a new replaceable leading tool inlaid with columnar diamonds, including columnar diamonds and protective blocks, which effectively protect the diamonds so that they can continue to excavate long distances after breaking the tunnel door, increase the service life of the tool, reduce the number of tool changes, and improve excavation efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A new type of replaceable pilot knife inlaid with columnar diamonds includes a pilot knife body, a wear-resistant alloy is inlaid in the cutting part of the top of the pilot knife body, and columnar diamonds extending along the cutting edge are arranged on the outside of the cutting part of the top of the pilot knife body. Protective blocks are respectively provided on the outside of the diamonds, and the height of the protective blocks is not less than the height of the diamonds.

[0007] Furthermore, the new replaceable pilot knife inlaid with columnar diamonds is provided with L-shaped steps on the outside of the cutting part at the top of the pilot knife body, and a number of columnar diamonds I and diamonds II extending along the cutting edge are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the L-shaped steps, and protective blocks are provided on the L-shaped steps.

[0008] Furthermore, the new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds, the protective block includes a protective block alloy and a protective block body, the protective block body is matched with the L-shaped step, the protective block body is fixedly connected to the guide knife body, and the protective block alloy is arranged on the step of the protective block body and fixedly connected to the protective block body.

[0009] Furthermore, the new replaceable pilot cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds, the wear-resistant alloy includes an intermediate alloy inlaid in the middle of the cutting part at the top of the pilot cutter body and main alloys inlaid at intervals on the outside of the intermediate alloy.

[0010] Furthermore, the new replaceable pilot knife inlaid with columnar diamonds has a sharp structure with the top of the pilot knife body and the inclined surfaces on both sides of the pilot knife body being high in the middle and low on both sides.

[0011] Furthermore, the new replaceable pilot cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds has side alloy III, side alloy II and side alloy I inlaid on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the pilot cutter body in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0012] Furthermore, the new replaceable pilot cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds has a wear-resistant layer containing tungsten carbide particles clad on the surface of the exposed portion of the pilot cutter body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The utility model discloses a new replaceable forerunner inlaid with columnar diamonds, in which an intermediate alloy and a main alloy are inlaid on the cutting part at the top of the forerunner body, columnar diamond I and diamond II are respectively arranged on the outside of the main alloy, and a protective block is arranged on the outermost side, which can ensure that diamond I and diamond II are effectively protected when breaking the tunnel door, avoiding the need to change the cutter, and providing protection for subsequent long-distance excavation. In addition, side alloy III, side alloy II and side alloy I are inlaid in sequence from the inside to the outside on the slope surfaces on both sides of the forerunner body. Since the alloy has a higher hardness and a larger wear reserve, and a tungsten carbide particle wear-resistant layer is welded on the exposed part of the surface of the forerunner body, the wear resistance of the entire forerunner is guaranteed, especially in abrasive strata such as soft soil, soft sand and fully weathered rock strata, long-distance excavation can be achieved, the tool life is increased, the number of cutter changes is reduced, the excavation distance is extended, and the excavation efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the replaceable leading knife of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a left-side structural diagram of the replaceable leading knife of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the replaceable leading knife of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the protection block in the utility model;

[0020] In the above drawings: 1-protective block; 1.1-protective block alloy; 1.2-protective block body; 2-main alloy; 3-intermediate alloy; 4-screw; 5-side alloy I; 6-side alloy II; 7-side alloy III; 8-wear-resistant layer, 9-pioneer knife body; 10-diamond I; 11-diamond II; 12-square groove; 13-round hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] Combined with attachment Figure 1-4, the utility model is described in detail. A new type of replaceable forerunner inlaid with columnar diamonds, including a forerunner body 9, a square groove 12 is provided at the bottom of the forerunner body 9, and circular holes 13 are respectively provided on both sides of the square groove 12. The central axis of the circular hole 13 is on a straight line. The connecting direction of the central axis of the circular hole 13 in the utility model is perpendicular to the cutting edge direction of the top of the forerunner body 9. The forerunner body 9 is connected to the normal pressure scraper seat by threaded pins passing through the square groove 12 and the circular hole 13, and is installed on the front and edge of the large-diameter cutter disc. A wear-resistant alloy is inlaid on the cutting part of the top of the forerunner body 9. The wear-resistant alloy includes an intermediate alloy 3 inlaid in the middle of the cutting part of the top of the forerunner body 9 and an intermediate alloy 3 respectively inlaid on the outside of the intermediate alloy 3. The main alloy 2, intermediate alloy 3 and main alloy 2 for inlay are made of large-size, coarse-grained cemented carbide, all of which are made of KE12. The main components are cemented carbide of tungsten carbide and cobalt, with a hardness of about HRA87. While increasing the alloy wear reserve, the alloy hardness is improved, ensuring the wear resistance of the tool. A columnar diamond extending along the cutting edge is provided on the outside of the cutting part at the top of the leading tool body 9, and a protective block 1 is provided on the outside of the diamond. The height of the protective block 1 is not less than the height of the diamond. The protective block 1 can protect the diamond and avoid abnormal damage and breakage of the diamond when the shield starts to break the tunnel door, effectively protecting the diamond from continuing to excavate long distances after the tunnel door, increasing the service life of the tool, reducing the number of tool changes, and improving excavation efficiency.

[0023] As an optional design, the new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds is preferably provided with L-shaped steps on the outside of the cutting part at the top of the guide knife body 9, and two large and two small circular holes are symmetrically drilled on the upper inner side of the L-shaped steps for placing columnar diamond I 10 and diamond II 11. After the combination of columnar diamond I 10 and diamond II 11, the cutting edge is consistent with the cutting edge at the top of the guide knife body 9, and two threaded holes are drilled at the lower part of the L-shaped step for fixing the protective block 1 respectively. The protective block 1 can effectively protect the diamond and avoid abnormal damage to the tool when breaking the hole door.

[0024] As an optional design, the replaceable leading knife of the novel inlaid columnar diamond is preferred, such as Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figure 5, the protective block 1 includes a protective block alloy 1.1 and a protective block body 1.2. The protective block body 1.2 is matched with the L-shaped step. The protective block body 1.2 is fixedly connected to the leading knife body 9. The protective block alloy 1.1 is set on the step of the protective block body 1.2. The cutting edge of the protective block alloy 1.1 is consistent with the cutting edge of the leading knife body 9. A step hole is drilled on the protective block body 1.2, and the protective block body 1.2 is fixed to the L-shaped steps on both sides of the top of the leading knife body 9 with an inner hexagon screw 4. Then weld the three-sided grooves on the bottom of the protection block body 1.2 to the guide knife body 9, plug the step hole and the screw 4, and finally clad the exposed part near the weld with a wear-resistant layer 8 of tungsten carbide particles. The protection block alloy 1.1 and the protection block body 1.2 are brazed with a high-frequency silver base to ensure welding strength. When the protection block alloy 1.1 is damaged after long-term use and needs to be replaced, the protection block alloy 1.1 and the protection block body 1.2 are cut open, and then replaced with a new protection block alloy 1.1. The new protection block alloy 1.1 and the protection block body 1.2 are brazed with a high-frequency silver base, and there is no need to replace the entire replaceable guide knife, thereby extending the service life of the replaceable guide knife.

[0025] As an optional design, the replaceable leading knife of the novel inlaid columnar diamond is preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, the top of the leading knife body 9 and the inclined surfaces on both sides of the leading knife body 9 are sharp structures with a high middle and low sides, which can more easily cut and penetrate the reinforced concrete structure of the tunnel portal, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0026] As an optional design, the replaceable leading knife of the novel inlaid columnar diamond is preferred, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, side alloy III 7, side alloy II 6 and side alloy I 5 are inlaid on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the guide knife body 9 from the inside to the outside, which jointly protect the top of the guide knife body 9, improve the wear resistance of the guide knife body 9, and prevent the guide knife body 9 from wearing too quickly in soft soil and soft sand formations and fully weathered rock formations. The main alloy 2, intermediate alloy 3, side alloy I 5, side alloy II 6, side alloy III 7 are all brazed with high-frequency silver base to ensure welding strength.

[0027] As an optional design, the new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds is preferably provided with a wear-resistant layer 8 containing tungsten carbide particles clad on the surface of the exposed portion of the guide knife body 9 .

[0028] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0029] The utility model discloses a new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds. The cutting part at the top of the guide knife body 9 is inlaid with an intermediate alloy 3 and a main alloy 2. Columnar diamond I 10 and diamond II 11 are respectively arranged on the outside of the main alloy 2, and a protective block 1 is arranged on the outermost side. The protective block 1 can ensure that diamond I 10 and diamond II 11 are effectively protected when breaking the tunnel door, avoiding tool change, and providing protection for subsequent long-distance excavation. In addition, since the alloy has a higher hardness and a larger wear reserve, and a tungsten carbide particle wear-resistant layer 8 is welded on the surface of the guide knife body 9, the wear resistance of the entire guide knife is guaranteed, especially in abrasive strata such as soft soil, soft sand and fully weathered rock strata, long-distance excavation can be achieved, the tool life is increased, the number of tool changes is reduced, the excavation distance is extended, and the excavation efficiency is improved.

[0030] The above description is only an application implementation method of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to this, and the scope of rights of the present utility model cannot be limited by this. Any equivalent changes made according to the technical solution of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A new replaceable pilot cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds, comprising a pilot cutter body, characterized by: Wear-resistant alloy is inlaid in the cutting part of the top of the leading knife body, and columnar diamonds extending along the cutting edge are arranged on the outside of the cutting part of the top of the leading knife body. Protective blocks are respectively provided on the outside of the diamonds, and the height of the protective blocks is not less than the height of the diamonds.

2. The new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds according to claim 1 is characterized by: L-shaped steps are provided on the outside of the cutting part of the top of the leading knife body, and a number of columnar diamonds I and diamonds II extending along the cutting edge are provided at intervals on the inside of the L-shaped steps, and protective blocks are provided on the L-shaped steps.

3. The new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds according to claim 2 is characterized by: The protection block includes a protection block alloy and a protection block body. The protection block body is matched with the L-shaped step, the protection block body is fixedly connected to the leading knife body, and the protection block alloy is set on the step of the protection block body and fixedly connected to the protection block body.

4. The novel replaceable guide cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds according to claim 3 is characterized by: The wear-resistant alloy comprises an intermediate alloy embedded in the middle of the cutting part of the top of the leading cutter body and main alloys embedded at intervals on the outside of the intermediate alloy.

5. The novel replaceable guide cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds according to claim 3 is characterized by: The top of the leading knife body and the inclined surfaces on both sides of the leading knife body are sharp structures with a high middle and low sides.

6. The novel replaceable guide cutter inlaid with columnar diamonds according to claim 3 is characterized by: Side alloy III, side alloy II and side alloy I are inlaid in sequence from inside to outside on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the leading knife body.

7. The new replaceable guide knife inlaid with columnar diamonds according to claim 3 is characterized by: A wear-resistant layer containing tungsten carbide particles is clad on the surface of the exposed portion of the leading knife body.

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