Shallow water pneumatic dredging pump

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump which comprises at least three pump bodies, each pump body is a hollow cavity defined by a front wall, a rear wall, an upper wall, a lower wall and a side wall, a mud inlet channel is formed in the front portion of each pump body, a sealing cover plate is hinged to each mud inlet channel, and the mud inlet channels are opened or closed through rotation of the sealing cover plates. The pump is characterized in that the pump body is a flat cavity long and narrow in front and back, an air inlet channel is formed in the front portion of the upper wall, and an exhaust channel is formed in the rear portion of the upper wall and communicated with a negative pressure device; and the rear part of the pump body is also provided with a sludge discharge channel. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and suitable for environment-friendly dredging under the shallow water working condition with the water depth smaller than one meter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an underwater dredging pump, in particular to a pneumatic dredging pump suitable for shallow water dredging operations. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, pneumatic dredging pumps are widely used in underwater environmental dredging projects. They use compressed air as a power source to press out mud that has entered the pump body due to water pressure differentials. They offer the advantages of a simple structure, reliable operation, no disturbance of the clay layer during dredging, and high sludge concentration. They are particularly suitable for environmental dredging in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and other water bodies where water quality cannot be compromised. Because pneumatic dredging pumps use water pressure to force underwater sludge into the pump and then use the compressed air to expel the sludge, when the water level is shallow, the sludge is forced into the pump very slowly due to the low water pressure. In some cases, the pump body may contain almost entirely water and little sludge, resulting in low dredging efficiency. Therefore, there is a need for a new pneumatic dredging pump suitable for environmental dredging in shallow waters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide a shallow water pneumatic silt removal pump. The shallow water pneumatic silt removal pump has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and is suitable for environmentally friendly silt removal in shallow water conditions with a water depth of less than 1 meter.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A shallow water pneumatic dredging pump comprises at least three pump bodies, the pump body is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall, a rear wall, an upper wall, a lower wall and side walls, a mud inlet channel is provided at the front of the pump body, a sealing cover is hinged on the mud inlet channel, and the mud inlet channel is opened or closed by rotating the sealing cover. It is characterized in that: the pump body is a flat cavity that is long and narrow in front and back, an air inlet channel is provided at the front of the upper wall, an exhaust channel is provided at the rear of the upper wall, and the exhaust channel is connected to the negative pressure device; a mud discharge channel is also provided at the rear of the pump body.

[0005] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that each pump body is 20-60 cm high, 1-3 times the width of the height, and 2-20 times the length of the height; when performing dredging operations, the entire pump body is submerged below the mud-water interface.

[0006] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic silt clearing pump is characterized in that the flow rate of the air sucked by the negative pressure device in the pump body is not lower than the critical flow rate Vc of the mud in the pump body, and the critical flow rate Vc is calculated using the following formula 1:

[0007] Vc=ad s 0.056 C 0.105 A0.25 g 0.5 (γ s -1) 0.5 ————————Formula 1

[0008] Where: a represents the coefficient related to the cross-sectional shape of the pump body;

[0009] d s represents the average particle size of clay particles (mm);

[0010] C represents the mud volume concentration (%);

[0011] A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pump body (m 2 );

[0012] g represents the acceleration due to gravity (m / s 2 );

[0013] γ s Indicates the density of sand particles (t / m 3 ).

[0014] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that a downwardly extending protrusion is provided on the lower wall to reduce the contact area between the pump body and the mud surface, increase the pressure of the pump body on the mud surface, and increase the depth of the pump body's penetration into the bottom mud, which helps to remove harder silt and expand the adaptability of the pneumatic pump to dredging conditions.

[0015] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the mud discharge channel is opened at the lower part of the rear wall and turns outside the pump body to extend upward.

[0016] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the mud inlet channel is arranged on the front wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the mud inlet channel is arranged at the front part of the lower wall.

[0018] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that an air intake valve, an exhaust valve, and a mud discharge valve are respectively provided on the air intake channel, the exhaust channel, and the mud discharge channel. When the air intake valve is opened, the exhaust valve is closed and the mud discharge valve is opened; when the air intake valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened and the mud discharge valve is closed.

[0019] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic silt removal pump is characterized by a drain passage provided on the exhaust valve. High-pressure air within the pump body is first discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust passage, the exhaust valve, and the drain passage. When the air pressure within the pump body approaches atmospheric pressure, a negative pressure device is connected to suck out the remaining gas within the pump body. This first discharge of high-pressure air into the atmosphere and then the vacuum device creates a vacuum, which reduces the workload of the negative pressure device and reduces energy consumption.

[0020] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the air inlet channel is connected to the air compressor, and the air compressor injects high-pressure air into the pump body through the air inlet channel. The high-pressure air pushes the mud in the pump body from the front of the pump body to the rear of the pump body, enters the mud discharge port in sequence, and is then discharged from the mud discharge channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that: an actuator is coupled to the sealing cover plate, and the sealing cover plate is opened or closed under the action of the actuator; the sealing cover plate is no longer opened by means of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body, which further reduces the resistance of silt entering the pump body, shortens the time required for silt to fill the pump body, and improves the dredging efficiency of the pneumatic dredging pump.

[0022] The operation process of the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention is as follows: the negative pressure device sucks the pump body into negative pressure through the exhaust channel, the sealing cover plate opens under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body, and the bottom mud enters the pump body through the mud inlet channel under the combined action of the atmospheric pressure and water pressure outside the pump body, and the mud fills the pump body from front to back under the suction action of the negative pressure device; the air compressor injects high-pressure air into the pump body through the air inlet channel, and the high-pressure air pushes the mud in the pump body from the front of the pump body to the rear of the pump body, enters the mud discharge port in sequence, and is then discharged from the mud discharge channel.

[0023] The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention has a flat structure. When performing dredging operations, the pump body is completely immersed in the bottom mud. The mud only needs to overcome the resistance of movement to move horizontally to fill the pump body, without having to overcome the potential energy of gravity to move upward. The external force required to completely fill the pump body with mud is greatly reduced. The energy E of the top mud after the mud completely fills the pump body is: E = mgh + 0.5 mv 2 ————Formula 2

[0024] Where m represents the mass of silt (Kg);

[0025] g represents the acceleration due to gravity (m / s 2 );

[0026] h represents the silt height in the pump body (m);

[0027] v represents the silt movement velocity (m / s).

[0028] To ensure that silt does not settle and clog during its flow within the pump body, the silt movement velocity v must be no less than the critical silt velocity Vc, which is calculated using Formula 1 and is typically no greater than 3.5 m / s. Formula 2 shows that when the pump body height exceeds the mud surface by 63 cm, the gravitational potential energy of the top layer of silt within the pump body exceeds its kinetic energy. Conventional pneumatic dredging pumps typically have a height of no less than 150 cm. Therefore, for conventional pneumatic pumps, the gravitational potential energy required to completely fill the pump body is typically greater than the kinetic energy it possesses after overcoming the resistance to motion, resulting in a high energy consumption during the mud feeding process.

[0029] The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention adopts a flat structure design. According to the actual dredging depth, a pneumatic dredging pump with a matching pump body height not greater than the actual dredging depth is selected. During the dredging process, the entire pump body is immersed in the silt. When the silt fills the pump body, it is no longer necessary to overcome the gravitational potential energy to do work, and the required energy consumption is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for dredging occasions where the water body is less than 1 meter, the water pressure is low, and the external potential energy is low, making it difficult to provide sufficient potential energy.

[0030] The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention has a flat and narrow structure, and the mud inlet channel and the mud discharge channel, the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the pump body. The silt can quickly fill the entire pump body under the suction action of the exhaust channel at the rear end of the pump body, and then be quickly discharged from the mud discharge channel at the rear end of the pump body under the push of the high-pressure gas in the air inlet channel at the front end of the pump body. The movement direction is single and the flow trajectory is smooth, which further reduces the energy loss in the dredging process and reduces the pressure potential energy demand of the external water body when the pneumatic dredging pump is working normally, so that the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump can achieve good dredging effect when operating in a relatively shallow water environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural stereogram of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a top view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a right side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This invention Figure 4 A partial view of.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural stereogram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a right side view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This invention Figure 8 Partial view of B.

[0040] Figure 10 It is a structural stereogram of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 It is a right view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This invention Figure 11 Partial view of C.

[0043] Figure 13 This invention Figure 11 DD section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Example 1, see attached Figure 1-5 The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump consists of three parallel connected pump bodies 1, each of which is 60 cm high, 60 cm wide, and 180 cm long. The pump body 1 is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall 1.1, a rear wall 1.2, an upper wall 1.3, a lower wall 1.4, and a side wall 1.5. A mud inlet channel 2 and a pin shaft seat 11 are provided on the front wall 1.1 of the pump body. A sealing cover plate 3 is connected to the pin shaft seat 11 via a pin shaft 12. The mud inlet channel 2 can be opened or closed by rotating the sealing cover plate 3. An air inlet channel 4 is provided at the front of the upper wall 1.3. The air inlet channel 4 is connected to the air compressor 7 after passing through the air inlet valve 4.1. An exhaust channel 5 is provided at the rear of the upper wall 1.3. The exhaust channel 5 is connected to the negative pressure device 8 after passing through the exhaust valve 5.1. A mud discharge channel 6 is provided on the rear wall 1.2 of the pump body 1.

[0046] During dredging operations, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is lowered into the underwater mud. The air inlet valve 4.1 and mud discharge valve 6.1 are closed, and the exhaust valve 5.1 is opened. The negative pressure device 8 draws air from the pump body 1 through the exhaust passage 5 at the rear end of the pump body 1, reaching a negative pressure. The sealing cover plate 3 at the front end of the pump body 1 opens due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside. Under the suction of the negative pressure device 8, the underwater mud fills the entire pump body 1 from front to back. The exhaust valve 5.1 closes, the air inlet valve 4.1 and mud discharge valve 6.1 open, and the air compressor 7 injects high-pressure air into the pump body 1 through the air inlet passage 4 at the front end of the pump body 1. The high-pressure air pushes the mud from front to back into the mud discharge passage 6 at the rear end of the pump body 1 and out of the pump body. When one pump body 1 is inflated and discharging mud, the remaining pump bodies 1 are in a state of exhausting air and introducing mud. The multiple pump bodies alternately discharge mud, achieving continuous operation of the mud removal process.

[0047] Example 2, see attached Figure 6-9 , shallow water pneumatic dredging pump, consists of four parallel connected pump bodies 1, each pump body is 20 cm high, 60 cm wide and 400 cm long; the pump body 1 is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall 1.1, a rear wall 1.2, an upper wall 1.3, a lower wall 1.4 and a side wall 1.5; the front and rear ends of the lower wall 1.4 of the pump body 1 are also provided with a downwardly extending protrusion 10, the height of the protrusion 10 is 10 cm, and a first accommodating cavity 10.1 and a second accommodating cavity 10.2 are formed between the protrusion 10 and the lower wall 1.4 of the pump body; the first accommodating cavity 10.1 is at the bottom of the pump body A first opening 10.3 is provided on the wall 1.4, and the first accommodating cavity 10.1 and the first opening 10.3 form a mud inlet channel 2, and a sealing cover plate 3 is hinged on the mud inlet channel 2; the second accommodating cavity 10.2 is provided with a second opening 10.4 on the lower wall 1.4 of the pump body, and the second opening 10.4 connects the pump body 1 with the mud discharge channel 6; an exhaust channel 5 is provided at the rear position of the upper wall 1.3 of the pump body 1, and the exhaust channel 5 is connected to the negative pressure device 8 after passing through the exhaust valve 5.1. The exhaust valve 5.1 is also provided with an emptying channel 5.1.1. The other structures of the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump are the same as those in Example 1.

[0048] During dredging operations, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is lowered into the underwater mud. The air inlet valve 4.1 and the mud discharge valve 6.1 are closed. The exhaust valve 5.1 first disconnects the exhaust channel 5 from the negative pressure device 8 and connects the exhaust channel 5 to the emptying channel 5.1.1. The high-pressure air in the pump body 1 is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust channel 5, the exhaust valve 5.1, and the emptying channel 5.1.1. When the air pressure in the pump body 1 approaches atmospheric pressure, the exhaust valve 5.1 disconnects the exhaust channel 5 from the emptying channel 5.1.1 and connects the exhaust channel 5 to the negative pressure device 8. The negative pressure device 8 then draws the air from the pump body 1 through the exhaust channel 5 to a negative pressure. This initial discharge of high-pressure air to the atmosphere and subsequent vacuuming through the negative pressure device 8 reduces the workload of the negative pressure device 8 and reduces energy consumption. The rest of the dredging process is described in Example 1.

[0049] Example 3, see attached Figure 10-13 The shallow water pneumatic silt removal pump consists of three parallel pump bodies 1, each 40 cm high, 80 cm wide, and 300 cm long. The pump body 1 is a hollow cavity defined by a front wall 1.1, a rear wall 1.2, an upper wall 1.3, a lower wall 1.4, and side walls 1.5. A cylinder 9 is mounted on the upper wall 1.3 of the pump body 1. A piston rod 9.1 is attached to the cylinder 9 and connected to the sealing cover plate 3 via a hinge 13. A mud discharge channel 6 is located at the rear of the upper wall 1.3 of the pump body 1. The remaining structure is the same as in Example 1.

[0050] During dredging operations, the piston rod 9.1 extends and retracts, driving the sealing cover plate 3 to rotate, thereby opening or closing the mud inlet channel 2. The sealing cover plate 3 no longer relies on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body 1 to open, further reducing the resistance of the mud entering the pump body 1, shortening the time required for the mud to fill the pump body 1, and improving the dredging efficiency of the pneumatic dredging pump. For the rest of the dredging process, refer to Example 1.

[0051] Example 4, a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump, consists of five pump bodies 1 connected in parallel, each pump body has a height of 50 cm, a width of 50 cm, and a length of 100 cm; the rest of the structure and dredging working process refer to Example 1.

[0052] Example 5, a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump, consists of six pump bodies 1 connected in parallel, each pump body is 30 cm high, 40 cm wide and 450 cm long; the rest of the structure and dredging working process refer to Example 1.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail using specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A shallow water pneumatic dredging pump comprising at least three pump bodies (1), wherein the pump body (1) is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall (1.1), a rear wall (1.2), an upper wall (1.3), a lower wall (1.4) and a side wall (1.5), wherein a mud inlet channel (2) is provided at the front of the pump body (1), and a sealing cover plate (3) is hingedly connected to the mud inlet channel (2), and the mud inlet channel (2) is opened or closed by rotating the sealing cover plate (3), and characterized in that: The pump body (1) is a flat cavity that is long and narrow in front and back. An air inlet channel (4) is provided at the front of the upper wall (1.3), and an exhaust channel (5) is provided at the rear of the upper wall (1.3). The exhaust channel (5) is connected to the negative pressure device (8); a mud discharge channel (6) is also provided at the rear of the pump body (1).

2. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pump body (1) has a height of 20-60 cm, a width of 1-3 times the height, and a length of 2-20 times the height; when performing dredging operations, the entire pump body is submerged below the mud-water interface.

3. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow rate of the air sucked by the negative pressure device (8) in the pump body (1) is not lower than the critical flow rate Vc of the mud in the pump body (1). The critical flow rate Vc is calculated using the following formula: Vc=ad s 0.056 W 0.105 THE 0.25 g 0.5 (γ s -1) 0.5 Where: a represents the coefficient related to the cross-sectional shape of the pump body (1); d s represents the average particle size of clay particles (mm); C represents the mud volume concentration (%); A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pump body (1) (m 2 ); g represents the acceleration due to gravity (m / s 2 ); γ s Indicates the density of sand particles (t / m 3 ).

4. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: A downwardly extending protrusion (10) is also provided on the lower wall (1.4) to reduce the contact area between the pump body (1) and the mud surface and increase the pressure exerted by the pump body (1) on the mud surface.

5. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud discharge channel (6) is opened at the lower part of the rear wall (1.2) and turns outside the pump body (1) and extends upward.

6. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud inlet channel (2) is arranged on the front wall (1.1).

7. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud inlet channel (2) is arranged at the front of the lower wall (1.4).

8. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake valve (4.1), an exhaust valve (5.1), and a mud discharge valve (6.1) are respectively provided on the air intake channel (4), the exhaust channel (5), and the mud discharge channel (6). When the air intake valve (4.1) is opened, the exhaust valve (5.1) is closed and the mud discharge valve (6.1) is opened; when the air intake valve (4.1) is closed, the exhaust valve (5.1) is opened and the mud discharge valve (6.1) is closed.

9. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: The exhaust valve (5.1) is also provided with an exhaust passage (5.1.1), and the high-pressure air in the pump body (1) is first discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust passage (5), the exhaust valve (5.1), and the exhaust passage (5.1.1); when the air pressure in the pump body (1) approaches the atmospheric pressure, the negative pressure device (8) is connected to suck out the residual gas in the pump body (1).

10. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet passage (4) is connected to the air compressor (7), and the air compressor (7) injects high-pressure air into the pump body (1) through the air inlet passage (4). The high-pressure air pushes the mud in the pump body (1) from the front of the pump body (1) to the rear of the pump body (1), and then enters the mud discharge passage (6) in sequence and is discharged.

11. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: An actuator (9) is coupled to the sealing cover plate (3), and the sealing cover plate (3) is opened or closed under the action of the actuator (9).

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