Pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system and lithium battery recovery system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pyrolyzing furnace tail gas emission system and a lithium battery recovery system, and belongs to the field of waste battery treatment equipment. According to the technical scheme, the pyrolyzing furnace tail gas emission system comprises a tail gas pipeline, the tail gas pipeline comprises a main pipe, the inlet end of the main pipe is used for being connected with a pyrolyzing furnace, the outlet end of the tail gas main pipe is connected with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the second branch pipe is used for normal emission of tail gas, and the first branch pipe is connected with an explosion venting device; the explosion venting device comprises a water seal barrel, the top face of the water seal barrel is open, and the outlet end of the first branch pipe extends below the liquid level in the water seal barrel. According to the scheme, the branch pipes are additionally arranged on the basis of the tail gas pipeline and connected with the explosion venting device, when the gas pressure in the pyrolyzing furnace exceeds the normal tail gas emission gas pressure, gas is sprayed out from the first branch pipe by overcoming the water pressure of the water seal barrel, emergency pressure relief is achieved, and the pyrolyzing furnace and follow-up tail gas treatment equipment are protected; when tail gas is normally exhausted, the water seal can block the first branch pipe, and the air tightness of the exhaust system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of waste battery processing equipment, in particular to a tail gas emission system of a pyrolysis furnace and a lithium battery recovery system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the new energy vehicle market and the rapid development of energy storage technology, the recycling and utilization of waste lithium batteries has become a vital link in the industry chain. As an efficient and environmentally friendly treatment method, lithium battery pyrolysis technology plays a significant role in promoting the recycling of lithium batteries and supporting the development of energy storage. Lithium battery pyrolysis is an advanced method for treating waste lithium batteries. It uses high-temperature heating to decompose the organic matter in waste lithium batteries into gas and solid residue. The solid residue contains valuable metal powders such as copper and aluminum.

[0003] In order to reduce the oxidation of the obtained metal materials and improve the recovery rate, the lithium battery pyrolysis furnace is usually carried out in a weak oxygen (less than 2%) or oxygen-free environment, which also improves the explosion-proof safety of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0004] During the pyrolysis process, the organic matter and separator paper in the battery materials decompose into hydrocarbon compounds. These compounds, through direct combustion, continue to provide heat for pyrolysis and produce some waste gas. Simultaneously, the cathode material partially decomposes to produce oxygen and metallic lithium. Therefore, even though the pyrolysis furnace maintains a low-oxygen or oxygen-free environment, battery pyrolysis still produces oxygen, and oxygen and hydrocarbon compounds still have the potential to explode at high temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the problem that explosion may occur in the current lithium battery pyrolysis furnace and provides a pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system which can vent the explosion and improve the safety of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system, including a tail gas pipeline, the tail gas pipeline includes a main pipe, the inlet end of the main pipe is used to connect to the pyrolysis furnace, the outlet end of the tail gas main pipe is connected to a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the second branch pipe is used for normal exhaust gas emission, and the first branch pipe is connected to an explosion relief device; the explosion relief device includes a water seal barrel, the top surface of the water seal barrel is open, and the outlet end of the first branch pipe extends below the liquid level in the water seal barrel. This solution adds a branch pipe on the basis of the tail gas pipeline and connects it to the explosion relief device. When an explosion occurs in the pyrolysis furnace and the air pressure exceeds the normal exhaust gas emission pressure, the gas is ejected from the first branch pipe to overcome the water pressure of the water seal barrel, thereby achieving emergency pressure relief and protecting the pyrolysis furnace and subsequent exhaust gas treatment equipment; when the exhaust gas is normally discharged, the water seal can block the first branch pipe to ensure the airtightness of the emission system.

[0007] Preferably, the second branch pipe is connected to an exhaust gas purification device.

[0008] Preferably, the exhaust gas purification device includes an air scrubber filled with water, the outlet end of the second branch pipe extending into the air scrubber and positioned below the liquid level, and an exhaust tail pipe provided on the air scrubber, the air inlet end of which communicates with the interior of the air scrubber and is positioned above the liquid level within the air scrubber. The air scrubber removes dust from the exhaust gas, thereby extending the service life of subsequent exhaust gas treatment equipment.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing plate is provided at the lower end of the second branch pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the lower end wall of the second branch pipe and / or the sealing plate, so that the exhaust gas is dispersed into small bubbles, increasing the contact area with water and facilitating the adsorption of dust.

[0010] Preferably, a drain port is provided at the lower part of the wall of the air-washing bucket, and the drain port is in a normally closed state, so as to drain the water in the air-washing bucket and adjust or eliminate the water pressure resistance of the air-washing bucket.

[0011] Preferably, the outlet end of the first branch pipe is arranged close to the bottom of the water seal barrel, thereby increasing the water pressure at the first branch pipe and improving the sealing performance under normal pressure fluctuations.

[0012] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a lithium battery recycling system, including a pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the above-mentioned pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system, and the exhaust port of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the air inlet end of the main pipe.

[0013] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the present invention are that this solution adds a branch to the exhaust system of the pyrolysis furnace and sets an explosion relief device. During normal exhaust, the water in the water seal barrel seals the first branch pipe. When the air pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is too high, the exhaust gas overcomes the water seal pressure and is ejected from the first branch pipe to achieve pressure relief, thereby ensuring the safety of the pyrolysis furnace. At the same time, this solution further adds a gas washing barrel to the normal exhaust pipeline to remove dust particles in the exhaust gas, thereby extending the service life of the rear-end exhaust gas treatment device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0016] Description of main reference numerals

[0017] 1. Main pipe, 2. First branch pipe, 3. Second branch pipe, 4. Water seal barrel, 5. Air washing barrel, 6. Exhaust tail pipe, 7. Drain outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system includes a tail gas pipeline, the tail gas pipeline includes a main pipe 1, the inlet end of the main pipe is used to connect to the pyrolysis furnace, and the outlet end of the tail gas main pipe is connected to a first branch pipe 2 and a second branch pipe 3:

[0021] The first branch pipe 2 is connected to an explosion relief device; the explosion relief device includes a water seal barrel 4, the top surface of the water seal barrel 4 is open, the outlet end of the first branch pipe 2 extends below the liquid level in the water seal barrel and is arranged near the bottom of the water seal barrel.

[0022] The second branch pipe 3 is connected to an exhaust gas purification device for normal exhaust gas discharge. The exhaust gas purification device includes an air washing barrel 5, which is filled with water. The outlet end of the second branch pipe 3 extends into the air washing barrel 5 and is located below the liquid level. The lower end of the second branch pipe 3 is provided with a sealing plate. A plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the lower end pipe wall and / or the sealing plate of the second branch pipe 3. The air washing barrel 5 is also provided with an exhaust tail pipe 6. The air inlet end of the exhaust tail pipe 6 is connected to the inside of the air washing barrel 5 and is located above the liquid level in the air washing barrel. The lower part of the barrel wall of the air washing barrel 5 is also provided with a drain outlet 7, which is normally closed.

[0023] The distance between the outlet end of the first branch pipe 2 and the liquid level in the water seal barrel is greater than the distance between the second branch pipe 3 and the liquid level in the gas washing barrel, so that the tail gas is discharged from the second branch pipe first.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] This embodiment further provides a lithium battery recycling system, including a pyrolysis furnace, to which the pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system provided in the first embodiment is connected, and the exhaust port of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the air inlet end of the main pipe 1.

[0026] The operating principle of this utility model is that the tail gas purification equipment of the pyrolysis furnace has a rated safety pressure, which is set as P1, so that the water pressure between the first branch pipe in the water seal barrel 4 and the liquid surface of the water seal barrel is slightly less than P1 (for example, if it is set to P2=0.95 P1), and at the same time, make the water pressure P3 between the second branch pipe and the liquid level of the scrubber smaller than the water pressure P2 between the first branch pipe and the liquid level of the water seal barrel (that is, the distance between the outlet end of the above-mentioned first branch pipe 2 and the liquid level of the water seal barrel is greater than the distance between the second branch pipe 3 and the liquid level of the scrubber). When the tail gas is discharged normally, after the discharge pressure exceeds P3, the tail gas overcomes the water pressure of the scrubber and is discharged into the subsequent tail gas purification treatment equipment. When an explosion occurs in the furnace, the air pressure P instantly increases to a pressure exceeding P2. The explosion gas that does not have time to pass through the scrubber overcomes the water pressure of the water seal barrel 4 and is ejected from the water seal barrel. At the same time, the water in the water seal barrel is partially taken out with the gas ejection, and the pressure in the water seal barrel is reduced, so that more explosion gas can be discharged from the first branch pipe in the water seal barrel, thereby protecting the pyrolysis furnace and the subsequent tail gas purification treatment equipment. After the explosion is completed, the water in the water seal barrel can be replenished.

[0027] It can be seen from the above implementation methods that the beneficial effect of the present invention is that this scheme adds a branch to the exhaust system of the pyrolysis furnace and sets an explosion relief device. During normal exhaust, the water in the water seal barrel seals the first branch pipe. When the air pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is too high, the exhaust gas overcomes the water seal pressure and is ejected from the first branch pipe to achieve pressure relief, thereby ensuring the safety of the pyrolysis furnace; at the same time, this scheme further adds a gas washing barrel to the normal exhaust pipeline to remove dust particles in the exhaust gas, thereby extending the service life of the rear-end exhaust gas treatment device.

[0028] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system, comprising a tail gas pipeline, characterized in that: The exhaust gas pipeline includes a main pipe, the inlet end of the main pipe is used to connect to the pyrolysis furnace, the outlet end of the exhaust gas main pipe is connected to a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the second branch pipe is used for normal discharge of exhaust gas, and the first branch pipe is connected to an explosion relief device; the explosion relief device includes a water seal barrel, the top surface of the water seal barrel is open, and the outlet end of the first branch pipe extends below the liquid level in the water seal barrel.

2. The pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second branch pipe is connected to an exhaust gas purification device.

3. The pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust gas purification device includes an air washing barrel, which is filled with water. The outlet end of the second branch pipe extends into the air washing barrel and is located below the liquid level. The air washing barrel is also provided with an exhaust tail pipe. The air inlet end of the exhaust tail pipe is connected to the inside of the air washing barrel and is located above the liquid level in the air washing barrel.

4. The pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing plate is provided at the lower end of the second branch pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the lower end wall of the second branch pipe and / or the sealing plate.

5. The pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the barrel wall of the air washing barrel is also provided with a drain outlet, which is in a normally closed state.

6. The pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the first branch pipe is arranged close to the bottom of the water seal barrel.

7. A lithium battery recycling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the pyrolysis furnace tail gas emission system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the exhaust port of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the air inlet end of the main pipe.

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