Shield hob pressure-bearing load monitoring device and system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield hob pressure-bearing load monitoring device and system, which are suitable for a shield machine hob mounting and locking system for fixing a hob shaft through a U-shaped block, a wedge-shaped block, a T-shaped block and a hob box and a hob holder, the device comprises a pressure-bearing load sensor, the pressure-bearing load sensor adopts a flat plate type weighing sensor, and the pressure-bearing load sensor is connected with the U-shaped block, the wedge-shaped block, the T-shaped block and the hob shaft. The pressure-bearing load sensor is detachably fixed to the side, close to the hob shaft, of the inner clamping arm of the U-shaped block and used for measuring the positive pressure between the hob shaft and the U-shaped block. According to the utility model, the structure is simple, the design is ingenious, the pressure-bearing load sensor is arranged at the U-shaped block, the assembly, disassembly and maintenance difficulty of the hob cutter and the pressure-bearing load sensor is greatly reduced, the problem that the detection surface of the sensor is mixed with mud and sand and soil chips is avoided through the additional arrangement of the memory springback gasket, and the measurement precision is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield machine construction, in particular to a shield cutter pressure load monitoring device and system. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a shield machine, geological conditions are one of the most important considerations. Different strata have different physical properties, such as hardness, stability, and water content, which will affect the shield machine's excavation method and the required technical measures. For example, when passing under rivers, lakes, oceans, and mountains, it is necessary to face complex geological conditions such as soft clay, bedrock, limestone, conglomerate silt sand layers, silty clay, soft on top and hard on the bottom. The characteristics of these strata place particularly strict demands on the shield machine's excavation parameters and technical measures. In order to ensure construction safety, it is critical to know the stratum structure in a timely manner during the construction process to adjust the excavation parameters and prevent hidden dangers in advance. To this end, it is necessary to monitor the force conditions at the cutterhead during the shield machine's excavation.

[0003] A Chinese patent (publication date: 20240315, publication number: CN117703523A) discloses a real-time detection of shield cutter disc cutter tightness and pressure alarm device and system. The device measures the force conditions at the cutter disc cutter during shield machine excavation by setting a detection mechanism on the cutter shaft. However, setting the detection mechanism on the cutter shaft is very unfriendly to the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the cutter tool and the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the detection mechanism, making the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the cutter tool and the detection mechanism very cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a shield cutter pressure load monitoring device and system to solve the technical problems described in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A shield cutter pressure load monitoring device is suitable for a shield machine cutter installation and locking system that fixes the cutter shaft through U-blocks, wedge blocks, T-blocks and tool box and tool holder. It is characterized in that it includes a pressure load sensor, which adopts a flat-plate weighing sensor. The pressure load sensor is detachably fixed to the side of the inner clamping arm of the U-block close to the cutter shaft, and is used to measure the positive pressure between the cutter shaft and the U-block.

[0007] Preferably, a memory rebound gasket is provided on the T-block locking anti-loosening bolt provided between the wedge block and the T-block, and the deformation of the memory rebound gasket is not less than the deformation generated during monitoring by the pressure load sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the memory rebound gasket is made of Luo Mo alloy steel.

[0009] Preferably, the U-shaped block includes an outer clamping arm, an inner clamping arm and a connecting portion that are integrally connected, and the thickness of the inner clamping arm is 40 mm ± 0.2 mm.

[0010] In addition, the utility model also provides a shield cutter pressure load monitoring system, including the above-mentioned shield cutter pressure load monitoring device, as well as a PLC junction box, a main control box and a display system. The PLC junction box is fixedly installed on the cutter disc flange surface of the cutter disc, and is connected to the pressure load sensors at each cutter tool arranged on the cutter disc through wires. It is connected to the main control box through a wireless connection, and the main control box is connected to the display system through the Internet of Things.

[0011] Preferably, it further comprises a plurality of proximity switches, wherein the plurality of proximity switches are arranged on the outer shell of the central rotating body at intervals in a circular array.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a wire arranged in the core of the central rotating body, one end of the wire is connected to the PLC junction box, and the other end is connected to the power supply in the main control box, and the wires on both sides of the end of the central rotating body away from the cutter disc are connected through the conductive slip ring of the rotating body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. The utility model has a simple structure and ingenious design. The pressure load sensor is set at the U-shaped block, which greatly reduces the difficulty of installation, disassembly and maintenance of the hob cutter and the pressure load sensor. The addition of a memory rebound gasket avoids the problem of mud, sand and soil debris on the sensor detection surface, ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0015] 2. The utility model determines the hardness of the stratum by detecting the forward cutting force of the roller cutter, thereby better combining the geological exploration report to obtain the geological conditions at the tunnel face, and then effectively determines whether the cutter head has entered a fault zone, or whether the stratum is soft at the top and hard at the bottom, so that the shield machine parameters can be adjusted in time to effectively pass through the special stratum. Moreover, according to the pressure load value fed back, the usage of the roller cutter can also be determined, so that the problematic roller cutter can be replaced in advance, reducing a series of engineering problems caused by cutter damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the detailed description made in conjunction with the following drawings. These drawings are only illustrative and do not limit the present invention, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shield cutter pressure load monitoring device involved in the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the pressure load sensor involved in the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the U-shaped block involved in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shield cutter pressure load monitoring system involved in the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the proximity switch involved in the present utility model at the central rotating body.

[0022] Figure markings: 1. Cutter disc; 2. Cutter disc flange surface; 3. Central rotating body; 4. Hob tool; 5. Hob cutter shaft; 6. Tool box and tool holder; 7. U-shaped block; 701. Outer clamping arm; 702. Inner clamping arm; 703. Connecting part; 8. Wedge block; 9. T-shaped block; 10. Pressure load sensor; 11. Wire; 12. Sensor fixing bolt; 13. U-shaped block locking bolt; 14. T-shaped block locking anti-loosening bolt; 15. Memory rebound gasket; 16. PLC junction box; 17. Proximity switch; 18. Rotating body conductive slip ring; 19. Main control box; 20. Display system; 21. Palm face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a shield cutter pressure load monitoring device and system of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the concept of the present invention. They are all explanatory and exemplary and should not be interpreted as limiting the implementation methods and scope of the present invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can also adopt other obvious technical solutions based on the contents disclosed in the claims and description of this application, including technical solutions that adopt any obvious replacements and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "horizontal," "vertical," "upright," and "oblique" and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] The accompanying drawings in this specification are schematic diagrams that assist in illustrating the concepts of the present invention and schematically illustrate the shapes of the various components and their interrelationships. Please note that to clearly illustrate the structures of the various components of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings are not drawn to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts.

[0026] The following describes the principles and features of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Figure 1-5 , the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail:

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is preferably a shield cutter pressure load monitoring device, which is suitable for a shield machine cutter installation and locking system in which the cutter shaft 5 is fixed by a U-shaped block 7, a wedge block 8, a T-shaped block 9 and a cutter box seat 6, including a pressure load sensor 10. The pressure load sensor 10 adopts a flat-plate weighing sensor. The pressure load sensor 10 is detachably fixed to the inner clamping arm 702 of the U-shaped block 7 close to the side of the cutter shaft 5. It is used to measure the positive pressure between the cutter shaft 5 and the U-shaped block 7. The so-called positive pressure is the force generated when the cutter tool 4 cuts the tunnel face 21, along the axis of the shield tunnel;

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the U-shaped block 7 includes an outer clamping arm 701, an inner clamping arm 702 and a connecting portion 703 that are integrally connected. The outer clamping arm 701 is arranged on the side close to the tunnel face 21, and the inner clamping arm 702 is arranged on the side away from the tunnel face 21. An installation space for accommodating the hob cutter shaft 5 and the pressure load sensor 10 is formed between the outer clamping arm 701 and the inner clamping arm 702. At this time, the positive pressure is the force of the hob cutter shaft 5 acting on the inner clamping arm 702 of the U-shaped block 7;

[0029] Due to the harsh working environment of the cutterhead 1, a large amount of mud, sand and soil debris will be generated when the hob cutter 4 cuts the soil. Considering that the pressure load sensor 10 has a deformation of 0.02mm during detection, if the pressure load sensor 10 does not rebound in time during the force deformation, the deformation area of ​​the pressure load sensor 10 will be mixed with mud, sand and soil debris, thereby affecting the accuracy of the force detection value. To this end, in order to solve the problem of sensor slag inclusion, the utility model designs a memory rebound gasket 15 at the T-block locking anti-loosening bolt 14 to prevent the hob from rebounding in time after being pressurized. When the wedge block 8 and the T-block 9 are locked, a memory rebound washer 15 is provided on the T-block locking anti-loosening bolt 14 provided between the wedge block 8 and the T-block 9. The deformation of the memory rebound washer 15 is not less than the deformation generated by the pressure load sensor 10 during detection. The elastic connection of the memory rebound washer 15 offsets the vibration gap generated by the roller when cutting the soil, so that the pressure load sensor 10 is always in close contact with the roller shaft 5, realizing synchronous operation and avoiding the problem of slag inclusion on the sensor detection surface.

[0030] During installation, first install the U-shaped block 7 with the pressure load sensor 10 on the improved tool box seat 6. Then, fix the U-shaped block 7 with the U-shaped block locking bolt 13. Then install the hob. Fix the hob shaft 5 with the hob wedge block 8, T-shaped block 9 and T-shaped block locking anti-loosening bolt 14. Finally, tighten the T-shaped block locking anti-loosening bolt 14 to make the hob shaft 5 close to the detection surface of the pressure load sensor 10.

[0031] In order to ensure the durability of the memory rebound gasket 15, the memory rebound gasket 15 is made of "Luo Mo alloy steel". This material has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high toughness, high fatigue limit and good wear resistance. It also has good long-lasting elasticity and can work under alternating stress. It has a high yield point, yield strength ratio, elastic limit and fatigue resistance, as well as certain plasticity and toughness. These characteristics together ensure that the chromium-molybdenum alloy steel spring gasket can withstand a large amount of deformation without damage. Ordinary spring gaskets have a fatigue resistance of about 3 million times under 3-5Hz conditions, while Luo Mo alloy steel spring gaskets have a fatigue resistance of 50 times that of ordinary springs under the same Hertz conditions. It fully meets the working environment requirements of the high-intensity vibration generated when the cutter disc 1 cuts the soil;

[0032] like Figure 2The pressure load sensor 10 adopts a flat-plate weighing sensor, which is designed based on the principle of metal resistance strain gauge. The pressure is converted into an electrical signal through a mechanical structure. The signal value is converted into a digital signal through an amplifier and A / D and sent to the PLC junction box 16. The height of the pressure load sensor 10 is 60mm, and its length and width are consistent with the contact plane size at the bottom of the U-shaped block 7. The detection range is within 0-30T, and the volume has been compressed to a minimum. It is characterized by high precision, strong waterproofness and long service life. The specific technical parameters of the pressure load sensor 10 are: range: 0-30T, safe overload: 150% , Ultimate overload: 200%, Rated output: 0-10V, Accuracy: + / -1%, Working voltage: 24VDC, Output impedance 700Ω, Working temperature: -20~100℃, Load sensor deformation: 0.02mm. Since the pressure load sensor 10 itself has a certain size, with the model size of the U-shaped block 7 commonly used in the shield machine of China Railway Equipment and China Railway Construction as a reference, in order to meet the installation requirements of the pressure load sensor 10, we need to re-improve the reference U-shaped block 7. The specific improvement method can be simply by increasing the length of the connecting part 703, or by "increasing the length of the connecting part 703 + The invention relates to a method of "reducing the thickness of the inner clamping arm 702". Through repeated simulation calculations, the present applicant found that the best method is to design the thickness of the inner clamping arm 702 of the U-shaped block 7 to be 40mm±0.2mm. That is, taking the reference U-shaped block 7 as the standard, the inner side surface of the inner clamping arm 702 of the reference U-shaped block 7 contacting the hob shaft 5 is turned down by 20mm to control its thickness to 40mm±0.2mm. Then, the connection part 703 at the waist of the reference U-shaped block 7 is raised by 40mm to meet the installation requirements of the 60mm pressure load sensor 10 and ensure that the installation space of the hob shaft 5 remains unchanged. In order to cooperate with the optimization and modification of the U-shaped block 7, the depth of the groove where the tool box and tool holder 6 are installed in the U-shaped block 7 needs to be deepened by 40mm. The improved U-shaped block 7 has passed the 20-300MPA force test of the hob. The U-shaped block 7 and the tool box and tool holder 6 do not affect the normal use of the hob under pressure. The bottom of the U-shaped block 7 that contacts the cutter shaft (that is, the contact surface between the inner clamping arm 702 and the pressure load sensor 10) needs to be processed with 4 M9 bolt through holes for fixing the pressure load sensor 10, and a φ6mm sensor wiring groove is turned on the leftmost side of the U-shaped block for the wiring installation of the wire 11 between the U-shaped block 7 and the PLC junction box 16;

[0033] like Figure 4As shown, in order to transmit the detection data of the pressure load sensor 10 installed at each roller cutter in real time and better assist the operator in shield excavation work, the utility model also provides a shield roller cutter pressure load monitoring system. The system is based on the above-mentioned shield roller cutter pressure load monitoring device and also includes a PLC junction box 16, a main control box 19 and a display system 20. The PLC junction box 16 is fixedly installed on the cutter disc flange surface 2 of the cutter disc 1. It is connected to the pressure load sensor 10 at each roller cutter tool 4 arranged on the cutter disc 1 through a wire 11. It is connected to the main control box 19 through a wireless connection, and the main control box 19 is connected to the display system 20 through the Internet of Things. The PLC junction box 16 adopts Schneider TM221CE16T programmable logic controller and the expansion module TM3AI4. It has input / output functions and can monitor and control various parameters of the cutter disc sensor according to preset programs. It also supports Ethernet connection, which enables it to communicate with other devices or systems, further expanding its application range and flexibility in cutter disc informatization. It is compatible with the vast majority of sensor signals on the market. The wireless transmission utilizes the WR713, a 3x3 MIMO industrial router with high-performance wireless WiFi technology, supporting high-speed and stable network connections. It utilizes a high-performance 3x3 MIMO design and supports IEEE 802.11AC technology (compatible with 802.11a / b / g / n), with data transmission rates up to 1.3Gbps. Its operating temperature, surge, ESD, and vibration characteristics all meet industrial standards, ensuring stable operation in the harsh environments of the cutterhead 1 and central rotary unit 3. The display system 20 includes, but is not limited to, remote monitoring devices such as ground computers, underground host computers, and mobile apps.

[0034] like Figure 5As shown, in order to know the rotational position of the cutter head 1 in real time, the above system also includes a plurality of proximity switches 17, which are arranged on the outer shell of the central rotating body 3 in a circular array. After the PLC junction box 16 rotates to the position of the proximity switch 17, it will receive the signal of the proximity switch 17, thereby judging its own position. Taking into account the problem of signal interference, the number of proximity switches 17 is preferably 12. If there are fewer, the positioning accuracy will be reduced, and if there are more, signal interference will occur, causing the PLC junction box 16 to receive two signals at the same time. To solve the problem that the number cannot distinguish the actual position, the utility model fixes the pressure load sensor 10 at the two sets of improved U-shaped blocks 7 at each hob tool 4 through the sensor fixing bolts 12 (hexagon socket bolts). When the hob is cutting the palm face, the "positive force" is transmitted to the hob cutter shaft 5 through the hob tool 4, and then the pressure load sensor 10 detects the size of the "positive force". The signal detected by the pressure load sensor 10 is transmitted to the PLC junction box 16 through the wire 11. The PLC junction box 16 collects the sensor data information and transmits it wirelessly to the main control Box 19, and then transmitted to the touch screen by the Internet of Things to be presented to the operator. Real-time rotation monitoring is achieved through the cooperation of 12 groups of fixed proximity switches 18 installed on the central rotating body and the PLC junction box 16 rotating the cutterhead flange surface 2. The touch screen displays a dynamic display image. The roller cutter installed with the pressure load sensor 10 will rotate according to the rotation of the cutterhead 1, and the position of the roller cutter with the pressure load sensor 10 is located in real time, so that the operator can understand the operation status of the shield machine cutterhead 1 in real time, and make corresponding countermeasures and measures based on the feedback information in time. In addition, according to the rotation angle of the cutterhead 1, the time after the roller cutter with the pressure load sensor 10 rotates one circle is judged, and the pressure band displayed by the pressure load sensor 10 is compared with the geological exploration, so as to simulate the structural cross-section of the stratum, so as to better understand the structure of the tunnel face 21 and the stratum, so as to simulate the unknown area of ​​the tunnel face 21 by the cutterhead 1 through digitalization and informatization, so as to predict risks in advance, avoid and adjust the shield machine excavation parameters in time, so as to better pass through complex strata, ensure construction progress and reduce construction costs;

[0035] Normally, the pressure load sensor 10 is powered by a built-in power supply. However, the built-in power supply often has a limited service life and needs to be replaced regularly. In order to circumvent this problem, the system has a wire 11 arranged in the core of the central rotating body 3. One end of the wire 11 is connected to the PLC junction box 16, and the other end is connected to the power supply in the main control box 19. The wires 11 on both sides of the end of the central rotating body 3 away from the cutterhead 1 are connected through the rotating body conductive slip ring 18. The built-in power supply of the shield machine main control box 19 is used to power the PLC junction box and the pressure load sensor 10, so there is no need to set up a separate power supply, and there is no need to consider the problem of power supply replacement during the entire construction period.

[0036] Shield construction is generally divided into two lines, one starting first and the other starting later. The two lines are usually separated by more than 100m. This can prevent the vibration caused by the simultaneous construction of two shield machines, which may interfere with and damage the stratum. If the shield machine that starts first is equipped with the device and system described in the present invention, a historical query can be made through the tool pressure load value in the display interface to query the pressure load values ​​of all rollers with pressure load sensors 10 during or after construction. The history interface is provided with the function of viewing the tool information individually or as a whole, and a timeline selection is provided, so that the pressure load value of the pressure load sensor 10 at any time point after the tool construction can be viewed. This function brings many benefits to subsequent construction. Subsequent construction can quickly and safely pass through complex strata and dangerous sources through data analysis, which is of great help to construction.

[0037] The utility model generates a positive cutting force by applying pressure to the tunnel face 21 through the hob cutter 4. The cutting force is transmitted to the U-shaped block 7 with a pressure load sensor 10 through the hob cutter shaft 5. The U-shaped blocks 7 with pressure load sensors 10 are installed on both sides of the hob cutter shaft 5 of each shield hob. The pressure load value of each hob can be obtained by adding the detection values ​​of the pressure load sensors 10 at the two U-shaped blocks 7. Then, the pressure of each hob cutting the tunnel face can be determined. Moreover, the speed of the cutter head 1 rotating for one circle can be compared with the pressure fluctuation to determine the pressure. The boundary between the hard rock layer and the soft soil layer, the shield operator can judge the shield machine's excavation parameters and posture based on the above information to ensure the quality and continuity of the shield construction, and the utility model also has the function of monitoring the wear of the roller cutter. The cutter head 1 can monitor the pressure fluctuation value of the roller cutter through the characteristics of the rotation trajectory of each roller cutter when it is no-loaded. If it is found that the pressure of a certain roller cutter has no fluctuation or the fluctuation pressure is abnormal, it can be judged that the roller cutter is abnormally worn or damaged, so that the problematic roller cutter tool 4 can be replaced in advance to reduce a series of engineering problems caused by tool damage.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield cutter pressure load monitoring device, suitable for a shield machine cutter installation and locking system in which a cutter shaft (5) is fixed by a U-shaped block (7), a wedge-shaped block (8), a T-shaped block (9) and a cutter box and cutter seat (6), characterized in that: The pressure-bearing load sensor (10) is a flat-plate weighing sensor. The pressure-bearing load sensor (10) is detachably fixed to a side of an inner clamping arm (702) of a U-shaped block (7) close to a hob cutter shaft (5), and is used to measure the positive pressure between the hob cutter shaft (5) and the U-shaped block (7).

2. A shield cutter pressure load monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A memory rebound gasket (15) is provided on the T-block locking anti-loosening bolt (14) provided between the wedge block (8) and the T-block (9), and the deformation of the memory rebound gasket (15) is not less than the deformation generated during detection by the pressure load sensor (10).

3. The shield cutter bearing load monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The memory rebound gasket (15) is made of Luo Mo alloy steel.

4. The shield cutter bearing load monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped block (7) comprises an outer clamping arm (701), an inner clamping arm (702) and a connecting portion (703) which are integrally connected, and the thickness of the inner clamping arm (702) is 40 mm ± 0.2 mm.

5. A shield cutter bearing load monitoring system, characterized by: The present invention comprises a shield cutter pressure load monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, as well as a PLC junction box (16), a main control box (19) and a display system (20), wherein the PLC junction box (16) is fixedly mounted on the cutter head flange surface (2) of the cutter head (1), is connected to the pressure load sensors (10) at each cutter tool (4) arranged on the cutter head (1) through a wire (11), is connected to the main control box (19) through a wireless connection, and the main control box (19) is connected to the display system (20) through the Internet of Things.

6. A shield cutter bearing load monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of proximity switches (17), wherein the plurality of proximity switches (17) are arranged on the outer shell of the central rotating body (3) at intervals in a ring array.

7. The shield cutter bearing load monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a wire (11) arranged in the core of the central rotating body (3), one end of the wire (11) is connected to the PLC junction box (16), and the other end is connected to the power supply in the main control box (19), and the wires (11) on both sides of the end of the central rotating body (3) away from the cutter head (1) are connected through the rotating body conductive slip ring (18).

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