Photochemical simulation smog chamber

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photochemical simulation smog chamber, which relates to the technical field of atmospheric chemical reaction experiments and comprises a reaction system, a sample introduction system, a detection system and a control system, the reaction system comprises a base, a reaction cavity and a protective cover, and a gas detection device and an environmental parameter sensor are arranged in the reaction cavity. A light source is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction cavity and is an ultraviolet lamp, a high-voltage xenon lamp or a black light lamp; the sample introduction system comprises a gas distribution device, a sample introduction device and a gas extraction device; the detection system comprises a detector and a sampling channel capable of connecting and communicating the reaction cavity and the detector; the gas detection device, the environmental parameter sensor, the light source, the sample introduction system and the detector are all in communication connection with the control system, and the control system comprises an adjusting system capable of adjusting the environmental parameters of the reaction cavity. The photochemical simulation smog chamber provided by the utility model is high in experiment precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of atmospheric chemical reaction experiments, in particular to a photochemical simulation smoke box. Background Art

[0002] Photochemical smog, also known as photochemical pollution, is caused by hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO X ) and other primary pollutants undergo photochemical reactions under the irradiation of sunlight to produce secondary pollutants. The mixture of primary pollutants and secondary pollutants participating in the photochemical reaction process (including gaseous pollutants and aerosols) forms the smog pollution phenomenon.

[0003] Photochemical smog chambers are essential tools for studying atmospheric photochemical reaction mechanisms. Smog chamber reactors precisely control precursors, light sources, reaction time, temperature, and relative humidity within complex chemical reaction mechanisms, simulating atmospheric photochemical reactions. By detecting and analyzing the reactants and products of these reactions and inferring the photochemical reaction mechanisms, they can prevent and manage the formation of photochemical smog in the atmosphere.

[0004] The advantages of traditional outdoor smoke chambers are their large size, reduced wall effects and losses, and their ability to directly utilize sunlight, temperature, and humidity, resulting in a closer approximation of real-world atmospheric conditions. However, their disadvantages include the inability to accurately control the variability of conditions such as light intensity, temperature, and humidity, resulting in poor repeatability of smoke chamber experiments. Furthermore, they are difficult to transport, have high operating costs, require a large floor space, have complex testing procedures, require time-consuming cleaning, and require long experimental cycles.

[0005] Indoor smoke chambers offer precise control over factors like temperature. Since reactants, temperature, humidity, and light levels are all controllable, experimental reproducibility is excellent. However, the biggest challenge is that the emission spectrum of artificial light sources differs from solar radiation, causing photochemical reaction rates and processes to deviate from those in real sunlight. Furthermore, the real atmosphere is an open system, while indoor smoke chambers are closed, resulting in significant wall loss.

[0006] Clearly, both outdoor and indoor smoke chambers have limitations. They are generally bulky, difficult to operate, difficult to maintain, expensive, and have poor experimental reproducibility. These characteristics make them difficult to meet the needs of laboratory research requiring simplicity, high operability, and high reproducibility while accurately simulating photochemical reaction processes. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a photochemical simulated smog box to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to improve the experimental accuracy.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] The utility model provides a photochemical simulated smog box, comprising a reaction system, a sampling system, a detection system and a control system. The reaction system comprises a base, a reaction chamber arranged on the base and a protective cover arranged on the base and sealed outside the reaction chamber. A gas detection device and an environmental parameter sensor are arranged inside the reaction chamber, and a light source is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, wherein the light source is an ultraviolet lamp, a high-pressure xenon lamp or a black light lamp; the sampling system comprises a gas distribution device, a sampling device and an exhaust device connected and communicated with the reaction chamber, the gas distribution device can pass reaction gas or flushing gas into the reaction chamber, the sampling device can pass reaction gas into the reaction chamber, and the exhaust device can extract gas from the reaction chamber; the detection system comprises a detector and a sampling channel that can be connected and communicated with the reaction chamber and the detector; the gas detection device, the environmental parameter sensor, the light source, the sampling system and the detector are all communicatively connected to the control system, and the control system includes a regulation system that can regulate the environmental parameters of the reaction chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the gas distribution device includes a gas cylinder connected to and communicated with the reaction chamber through a pipeline, the gas cylinder is provided with a decompression valve, and the pipeline is provided with an inlet and a three-way valve.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling device includes a gas sampling device and a liquid sampling device, and both the gas sampling device and the liquid sampling device are connected to and communicated with the sampling port.

[0012] Preferably, the gas injection device includes a gas container connected to and communicated with the injection port, and an air purifier is communicated between the gas container and the injection port.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid injection device comprises a liquid container connected to and communicated with the injection port, and an atomizing aerosol generator and a diffusion dryer are sequentially connected between the liquid container and the injection port.

[0014] Preferably, the air extraction device includes an air pump connected to and communicated with the three-way valve and an exhaust pipe connected to and communicated with the air pump.

[0015] Preferably, the gas extraction device further comprises a circulation pipe connected to and in communication with the reaction chamber, and the circulation pipe is connected to and in communication with the air pump.

[0016] Preferably, walking wheels are provided at the bottom of the base.

[0017] Preferably, the protective cover is made of stainless steel, and an insulation layer is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover.

[0018] Preferably, the reaction chamber is in the shape of a cube with a side length of 1 m, and the reaction chamber is made of inert material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:

[0020] (1) The photochemical simulation smog chamber provided by the present invention has a built-in light source that can be replaced with lamps of different light sources and intensities, such as ultraviolet lamps, high-pressure xenon lamps, and black light lamps, so as to fully explore the influence of light sources, accurately simulate the photochemical reaction process, and improve experimental accuracy;

[0021] (2) The photochemical simulation smoke chamber provided by the present invention has a reaction chamber volume of 1m 3 , small reaction volume, repeatable, low cost, easy maintenance, short experimental cycle, small footprint, can be placed in the laboratory for operation;

[0022] (3) The photochemical simulation smoke box provided by the present invention has a reaction chamber made of inert materials, which has strong durability, small wall loss and adsorption, small light loss of the built-in light source, high utilization rate, high efficiency and easy cleaning;

[0023] (4) The photochemical simulation smog chamber provided by the present invention can effectively circulate the reaction gas in the reaction chamber by connecting the gas distribution system and the exhaust system so that the gas substances can fully react. It can also simulate the wind speed and prevent the precipitation of particulate matter through continuous circulation, which not only reduces the adsorption effect but also simulates the impact of particulate matter in the real atmosphere. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photochemical simulated smog box provided by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 An axonometric diagram of the photochemical simulated smog chamber provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the main view of the photochemical simulated smog box provided by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4A top view of the photochemical simulated smog chamber provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A bottom view of the photochemical simulated smog chamber provided by the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1-reaction system; 11-protective cover; 12-reaction chamber; 13-light source; 2-injection system; 21-gas distribution device; 211-gas cylinder; 212-decompression valve; 22-injection port; 221-gas container; 222-air purifier; 223-liquid container; 224-atomizing aerosol generator; 225-diffusion dryer; 23-exhaust device; 231-air pump; 232-exhaust pipe; 233-three-way valve; 3-control system; 31-gas detection device; 32-environmental parameter sensor; 33-base; 4-detection system; 41-sampling port; 42-detector; 5-travel wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a photochemical simulated smog box to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to improve the experimental accuracy.

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] The utility model provides a photochemical simulated smog box, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, it includes a reaction system 1, an injection system 2, a detection system 4 and a control system 3. The reaction system 1 includes a base 33, a reaction chamber 12 arranged on the base 33, and a protective cover 11 arranged on the base 33 and covering the outside of the reaction chamber 12. A sealing strip is provided at the connection between the protective cover 11 and the base 33. The control system 3 is provided in the base 33. A gas detection device 31 and an environmental parameter sensor 32 are provided inside the reaction chamber 12. A light source 13 is provided on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 12. The light source 13 can be disassembled and replaced, and different light sources 13 and lamps with adjustable light source 13 intensity can be replaced, such as ultraviolet lamps, high-pressure xenon lamps or black light lamps. Its main function is to provide photochemical reaction conditions by simulating solar radiation of different wavelengths through different light sources 13; the injection system 2 includes a gas distribution device 21, an injection device and an exhaust device 23 connected and communicated with the reaction chamber 12. The gas distribution device 21 can pass gas into the reaction chamber 12 Reaction gas or flushing gas, the sampling device can introduce reaction gas into the reaction chamber 12, and the exhaust device 23 can extract the gas in the reaction chamber 12; the detection system 4 includes a detector 42 and a sampling channel that can be connected and communicated with the reaction chamber 12 and the detector 42, the end of the sampling channel has a sampling port 41, the sampling port 41 can be extended into the reaction chamber 12, and the precursor gas and photochemical reaction products inside the reaction chamber 12 can be collected through the sampling port 41, and then the sample collected from the sampling port 41 is tested for parameters such as SOA, chemical composition, concentration, optical characteristics, particle size distribution and morphology through the detector 42; the gas detection device 31, the environmental parameter sensor 32, the light source 13, the sampling system 2 and the detector 42 are all connected to the control system 3 for communication, and the control system 3 includes a regulating system that can adjust the environmental parameters of the reaction chamber 12, and the gas detection device 31 includes O3, NO2, NO, VOC s , CO2, CO, aldehydes and other monitoring probes and SPME and other collection fiber heads, its function is to measure and record the various component gases and photochemical products in the reaction chamber 12, the environmental parameter sensor 32 is arranged in the reaction chamber 12, can respectively measure parameters such as temperature, humidity and pressure, and feed the data back to the control system 3, the control system 3 can control the adjustment system according to the detection parameters to accurately adjust the relative temperature, humidity and pressure and other factors in the reaction chamber 12, so as to ensure that the photochemical reaction proceeds smoothly under controllable conditions.

[0035] Furthermore, the function of the gas distribution device 21 is to flush the reaction chamber 12 before and after each experiment and provide a quantitative reaction gas. The gas distribution device 21 includes a gas cylinder 211 connected and communicated with the reaction chamber 12 through a pipeline. The pipeline is preferably a stainless steel conduit. A pressure relief valve 212 is provided on the gas cylinder 211. The pressure relief valve 212 can control the gas flow discharged from the gas cylinder 211. An injection port 22 and a three-way valve 233 are provided on the pipeline. The gas in the gas cylinder 211 serving as a carrier gas can bring the precursor gas coming out of the injection port 22 to the reaction chamber 12 through the stainless steel conduit.

[0036] Furthermore, the sampling device includes two types: a gas sampling device and a liquid sampling device, and both the gas sampling device and the liquid sampling device are connected to and communicated with the sampling port 22 .

[0037] Furthermore, the gas sampling device includes a gas container 221 connected and communicated with the sampling port 22 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is preferably a stainless steel conduit. An air purifier 222 is connected between the gas container 221 and the sampling port 22. The gas container 221 is connected to the air purifier 222, the sampling port 22, the three-way valve 233 and the reaction chamber 12 in sequence through the pipeline.

[0038] Furthermore, the liquid injection device includes a liquid container 223 connected and communicated with the injection port 22 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is preferably a stainless steel conduit. The liquid container 223 and the injection port 22 are sequentially connected with an atomizing aerosol generator 224 and a diffusion dryer 225. The liquid container 223 is sequentially connected with the atomizing aerosol generator 224, the diffusion dryer 225, the injection port 22, the three-way valve 233 and the reaction chamber 12 through the pipeline.

[0039] Various reaction gases such as O3, NO2, NO, CO2 and CO need to be discharged from the gas container 221, and then pass through the air purifier 222 to filter impurities from the sample, and then supply it to the reaction chamber 12 through a stainless steel conduit; the liquid container 223 is used to convert water vapor and the like into fine particles under a certain pressure through the atomizing aerosol generator 224, and then the atomized sample is dried through the diffusion dryer 225 and then passed into the reaction chamber 12 through a stainless steel conduit.

[0040] Furthermore, the exhaust device 23 is used to put the reaction chamber 12 in a vacuum state. The exhaust device 23 includes an air pump 231 connected and communicated with the three-way valve 233 through a pipeline and an exhaust pipe 232 connected and communicated with the air pump 231. The pipeline is preferably a stainless steel conduit. The air pump 231 is connected to the three-way valve 233 and the reaction chamber 12 in sequence through the pipeline.

[0041] Furthermore, the exhaust device 23 also includes a circulation pipe connected to and communicated with the reaction chamber 12, and the circulation pipe is preferably a stainless steel conduit. The air pump 231 has two air outlets, one air outlet is connected to the exhaust pipe 232, and the other air outlet is connected to the circulation pipe.

[0042] The specific operation of the exhaust device 23 is as follows: the gas after flushing the reaction chamber 12 is extracted through a stainless steel conduit by an air pump 231 and then discharged through an exhaust pipe 232. During the experiment, when sampling gas is drawn, the gas is extracted through the air pump 231 and returned to the reaction chamber 12 through a circulation pipe. This circulates the reaction gas in the reaction chamber 12, fully mixing the particulate matter in the reaction gas, preventing its sedimentation, and reducing adsorption on the walls of the reaction chamber 12. The function of the three-way valve 233 is to close the valve leading to the exhaust device 23 when the gas distribution device 21 is in use to prevent gas backflow. When the exhaust device 23 is in circulation, the valve leading to the gas distribution device 21 is closed to prevent contamination of the gas distribution device 21.

[0043] Furthermore, a running wheel 5 is provided at the bottom of the base 33. The running wheel 5 is preferably a universal wheel with a brake, which can be fixed in a certain place to prevent the device from being displaced or collapsed.

[0044] Furthermore, the protective cover 11 is made of stainless steel, and an insulation layer is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover 11 to protect the internal reaction chamber 12, ensure that the influencing factors in the reaction chamber 12 do not change drastically, and keep the experiments conducted in the reaction chamber 12 away from external light.

[0045] Furthermore, the reaction chamber 12 is a cube with a side length of 1m. The reaction chamber 12 is made of inert material, preferably composed of 6 pieces of Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene film), and is protected by a protective cover 11 to prevent dust from entering. The precursor undergoes a photochemical reaction here, so it is a cavity that simulates a photochemical reaction.

[0046] The photochemical simulation smog box provided by the utility model is mainly used for VOCs and other precursors to simulate indoor photochemical processes and mechanisms, with low cost and easy maintenance: the volume of the smoke box reaction chamber 12 is 1m 3, thus having the advantages of small reaction volume, repeatability, low cost, easy maintenance, short experimental cycle, and small footprint, and can be placed in the laboratory for operation; High precision and accuracy: The smoke chamber reaction chamber 12 can be made of Teflon inert material, which has strong durability, low wall loss and adsorption, low light loss of the built-in light source 13, high utilization rate, high efficiency, and easy cleaning; The sampling port 41 can be used in combination with pre-treatment such as SPME, thereby increasing the measurement accuracy of reaction precursors and reaction products; High disassembly and adjustability: The built-in light source 13 of the smoke chamber is removable and can be replaced with lamps of different light sources 13 and intensities, such as ultraviolet lamps, xenon lamps, and black lights, so as to fully explore the influence of the light source 13; Full reaction and strong gas circulation: The connection between the gas distribution system and the exhaust system allows the reaction gas in the reaction chamber 12 to be effectively circulated, so that the gas reacts fully, and can also simulate wind speed. Through continuous circulation, it prevents particle deposition, not only reducing adsorption, but also simulating the impact of particulate matter in the real atmosphere.

[0047] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A photochemical simulated smog chamber, characterized in that: include: A reaction system comprising a base, a reaction chamber disposed on the base, and a protective cover disposed on the base and sealed outside the reaction chamber, wherein a gas detection device and an environmental parameter sensor are disposed inside the reaction chamber, and a light source is disposed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, wherein the light source is an ultraviolet lamp, a high-pressure xenon lamp, or a black light lamp; A sampling system, comprising a gas distribution device, a sampling device, and a gas extraction device connected and communicated with the reaction chamber, wherein the gas distribution device is capable of introducing reaction gas or flushing gas into the reaction chamber, the sampling device is capable of introducing reaction gas into the reaction chamber, and the gas extraction device is capable of extracting gas from the reaction chamber; A detection system, comprising a detector and a sampling channel capable of connecting and communicating the reaction chamber and the detector; and a control system, wherein the gas detection device, the environmental parameter sensor, the light source, the sampling system and the detector are all communicatively connected to the control system, and the control system includes a regulating system capable of regulating the environmental parameters of the reaction chamber.

2. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas distribution device includes a gas cylinder connected to and communicated with the reaction chamber through a pipeline. The gas cylinder is provided with a decompression valve, and the pipeline is provided with an injection port and a three-way valve.

3. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling device comprises a gas sampling device and a liquid sampling device, and both the gas sampling device and the liquid sampling device are connected to and communicated with the sampling port.

4. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas sampling device comprises a gas container connected to and communicated with the sampling port, and an air purifier is communicated between the gas container and the sampling port.

5. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid injection device comprises a liquid container connected to and communicated with the injection port, and an atomizing aerosol generator and a diffusion dryer are sequentially communicated between the liquid container and the injection port.

6. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air extraction device includes an air pump connected to and communicated with the three-way valve and an exhaust pipe connected to and communicated with the air pump.

7. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas extraction device further includes a circulation pipe connected to and in communication with the reaction chamber, and the circulation pipe is connected to and in communication with the air pump.

8. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base is provided with walking wheels.

9. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover is made of stainless steel, and an insulation layer is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover.

10. The photochemical simulated smog chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction chamber is in the shape of a cube with a side length of 1 m and is made of inert material.

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