Worm and gear clearance eliminating mechanism based on spherical hinge bearing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a worm and gear backlash eliminating mechanism based on a spherical hinge bearing, and belongs to the field of mechanical transmission. One side of the worm is provided with an aligning roller bearing, the middle of the worm is meshed with the worm gear, and the other side of the worm is connected with a sliding bearing seat; copper sliding blocks are fixed to the two ends of a sliding bearing seat, the sliding bearing seat slides along an inner sliding groove of the box body through the copper sliding blocks, the upper end of the sliding bearing seat is fixed to one end of a spherical hinge bearing through a first screw, the other end of the spherical hinge bearing is connected with a spherical hinge pressing rod, the spherical hinge bearing is integrally located in the box body, and the spherical hinge pressing rod is connected with a spherical hinge pressing cover through threads. The spherical hinge pressing rod is pressed tightly through the round nut on the end face, the spherical hinge pressing cover is fixed to the box body through a screw, the limiting plate is installed at the gap position between the box body and the spherical hinge pressing cover, and the limiting plate and the spherical hinge pressing rod are fixed through the round nut. The automatic backlash eliminating device is simple in structure and high in bearing capacity, can realize automatic backlash eliminating, can also manually adjust backlash eliminating pressure, and has the effects of reducing the size of equipment, reducing the weight of the equipment and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a worm gear clearance eliminating mechanism based on a ball joint bearing. Background Art

[0002] Currently, worm gears are widely used in various mechanical transmission fields due to their advantages, including high transmission ratios, high load capacity, simple structure, and self-locking function. However, after long-term use, this structure can cause sliding friction during the meshing of the worm teeth and the worm wheel teeth. As a result, worm gears are prone to wear and backlash, affecting their normal operating accuracy and even causing abnormal workpiece vibration, shortening the product's service life.

[0003] Commonly used anti-backlash mechanisms include dual-worm, dual-lead anti-backlash mechanisms and adjustable center-distance anti-backlash mechanisms. Dual-worm, dual-lead anti-backlash mechanisms use a pair of worms to simultaneously engage a worm wheel, which can improve positioning accuracy and reduce backlash. However, this results in a bulky anti-backlash structure and a non-compact design. When the backlash increases over time, manual readjustment is required, increasing usage and maintenance costs. Adjustable center-distance anti-backlash mechanisms fine-tune the position of the bearings at each end of the worm using screws, wedges, and other tools, thereby adjusting the center distance of the worm gear. However, this reduces the stability of the overall structure and can easily lead to failure under heavy loads. It also increases tooth wear, requiring regular readjustment of the center distance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing, which adopts unilateral sliding of the worm to automatically adjust the center distance of the worm gear to reduce the volume of the anti-backlash mechanism.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the utility model of the worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on the ball joint bearing is equipped with a self-aligning roller bearing on one side of the worm, the middle part of the worm is meshed with the worm wheel, and the other side of the worm is connected to the sliding bearing seat; copper sliders are fixed at both ends of the sliding bearing seat, and the sliding bearing seat slides along the inner groove of the box body through the copper sliders, and the upper end of the sliding bearing seat is fixed to one end of the ball joint bearing by screw 1, and the other end of the ball joint bearing is connected to the ball joint pressure rod, and the ball joint bearing is located as a whole inside the box body, and the ball joint pressure rod and the ball joint pressure cover are connected by a threaded connection, and the round nut 1 on the end face is used to tighten the ball joint pressure rod, and the ball joint pressure cover is fixed to the box body by screws, and a limit plate is installed at the gap position between the box body and the ball joint pressure cover, and the limit plate and the ball joint pressure rod are fixed by round nut 2.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer ring of the spherical roller bearing is fixed by the end cover and the inner hole step of the box body, and the inner ring of the spherical roller bearing is fixed by the shaft shoulder of the worm and the locking nut.

[0007] Furthermore, one side of the spherical roller bearing of the worm is connected to the output shaft of the driving element through a ball spline sleeve. A pad for adjusting the position of the ball spline sleeve is provided between the ball spline sleeve and the worm. The pad is fixed inside the worm through an elastic retaining ring so that the spherical swing center of the spherical roller bearing coincides with the rotation center of the ball spline sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the center line of the force applied by the ball joint bearing to the sliding bearing seat is located on the center plane N of the worm and worm wheel.

[0009] Furthermore, the ball hinge bearing is composed of an upper ball socket 1, an upper ball socket 2, a lower ball socket, an upper steel ball, a lower steel ball, and a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the upper steel ball by a thread, and the upper steel ball is fixed between the spherical surface of the ball hinge pressure rod and the spherical surface of the upper ball socket 1, and the upper ball socket 1 and the ball hinge pressure rod are fixed by screw 2, and the other end of the connecting rod is loosely matched with the lower steel ball, and the lower steel ball is fixed between the spherical surface of the upper ball socket 2 and the spherical surface of the lower ball socket, and a group of disc springs are installed between the upper ball socket 1 and the upper ball socket 2 to realize automatic clearance elimination of the worm gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the ball hinge cover is engraved with scales around the ball hinge rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the end surface of the ball hinge pressure rod is a hexagonal structure that facilitates manual adjustment.

[0012] The utility model can use a hexagonal wrench to manually rotate the ball hinge pressure rod to adjust the center distance of the worm and worm wheel. The pressing amount of the ball hinge pressure rod can be judged by the scale on the ball hinge pressure cover. After the center distance is adjusted to the appropriate position, the round nut is tightened to fix the current position of the ball hinge pressure rod. The limit plate between the box body and the ball hinge pressure cover can limit the maximum position of the sliding bearing seat, ensuring that the center distance of the worm and worm wheel is within the normal operating range. When the worm and worm wheel are worn and a gap is generated, under the pressure of the disc spring of the ball hinge bearing, the sliding bearing seat at one end of the worm slides along the inner groove of the box body, causing the worm as a whole to swing downward along the rotation center of the self-aligning roller bearing, so that the center distance between the worm wheel and the worm can be fine-tuned.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. The anti-backlash mechanism is arranged around the worm bearing position and is located inside the box. The anti-backlash mechanism does not take up additional equipment space and has a simple structure, strong load-bearing capacity and small size.

[0015] 2. When the worm and worm wheel are worn and clearance occurs, the anti-backlash mechanism can automatically adjust the center distance of the worm and worm wheel by pressing the worm through the sliding bearing seat through the disc spring. No manual adjustment is required during use, and the adjustment is convenient. The center distance of the worm and worm wheel can also be manually adjusted when the anti-backlash mechanism is not needed to reduce the tooth surface pressure and increase the service life.

[0016] 3. The ball joint bearing is used to transmit the anti-backlash pressure to ensure that the direction of the anti-backlash pressure is located on the cross-sectional center plane of the worm gear, which can reduce abnormal wear and seizure of the worm gear caused by the wrong force direction of the anti-backlash mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a simplified structural diagram of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Worm; 2. Self-aligning roller bearing; 3. Locking nut; 4. End cover; 5. Ball head spline sleeve; 6. Spacer; 7. Elastic retaining ring; 8. Driving element; 9. Sliding bearing seat; 10. Worm gear; 11. Housing; 12. Ball joint bearing; 13. Ball joint pressure rod; 14. Ball joint pressure cover; 15. Round nut one; 16. Screw one; 17. Copper slider; 18. Screw two; 19. Lower ball socket; 20. Upper ball socket one; 21. Upper steel ball; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Limiting plate; 24. Round nut two; 25. Disc spring; 26. Lower steel ball; 27. Upper ball socket two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the invention purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0022] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, a worm 1 of the worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing of the present invention is equipped with a self-aligning roller bearing 2 on one side. The outer ring of the self-aligning roller bearing 2 is fixed to the inner hole step of the box body 11 through the end cover 4. The inner ring of the self-aligning roller bearing 2 is fixed by the shaft shoulder of the worm 1 and the locking nut 3. The middle part of the worm 1 is engaged with the worm wheel 10, and the other side of the worm 1 is connected to the sliding bearing seat 9. Copper sliders 17 are fixed at both ends of the sliding bearing seat 9 to ensure that the sliding bearing seat 9 can slide along the inner groove of the box body 11 through the copper sliders 17. The upper end of the bearing seat 9 is fixed to one end of the ball hinge bearing 12 by a screw 16, and the other end of the ball hinge bearing 12 is connected to the ball hinge pressure rod 13. The ball hinge bearing 12 is located as a whole inside the box body 11. The ball hinge pressure rod 13 and the ball hinge pressure cover 14 are connected by a threaded connection, and the round nut 15 on the end face is used to tighten the ball hinge pressure rod 13. The ball hinge pressure cover 14 is fixed to the box body 11 by screws. A limit plate 23 is installed in the gap between the box body 11 and the ball hinge pressure cover 14, and the limit plate 23 is fixed to the ball hinge pressure rod 13 by a round nut 24.

[0023] Preferably, one side of the spherical roller bearing 2 of the worm 1 is connected to the output shaft of the driving element 8 through a ball spline sleeve 5, and a pad 6 for adjusting the position of the ball spline sleeve 5 is provided between the ball spline sleeve 5 and the worm 1. The pad 6 is fixed inside the worm 1 through an elastic retaining ring 7 to ensure that the spherical swing center of the spherical roller bearing 2 coincides with the rotation center of the ball spline sleeve 5.

[0024] Preferably, the ball hinge bearing 12 is mainly composed of an upper ball socket 20, an upper ball socket 27, a lower ball socket 19, an upper steel ball 21, a lower steel ball 26, and a connecting rod 22; one end of the connecting rod 22 is connected to the upper steel ball 21 by a thread, and the upper steel ball 21 is fixed between the spherical surface of the ball hinge pressure rod 13 and the spherical surface of the upper ball socket 20, and the upper ball socket 20 and the ball hinge pressure rod 13 are fixed by a screw 28, and the other end of the connecting rod 22 is clearance-matched with the lower steel ball 26, and the lower steel ball 26 is fixed between the spherical surface of the upper ball socket 27 and the spherical surface of the lower ball socket 19, and a group of disc springs 25 are installed between the upper ball socket 20 and the upper ball socket 27, which can realize the automatic anti-backlash function of the worm gear, and the force center line of the ball hinge bearing 12 on the sliding bearing seat 9 is located on the cross-sectional center plane N of the worm and worm wheel, which can reduce abnormal wear and jamming of the worm gear caused by the wrong force direction of the anti-backlash mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the ball hinge cover 14 is engraved with scales around the ball hinge rod 13 .

[0026] Preferably, the end surface of the ball hinge pressure rod 13 is a hexagonal structure to facilitate manual adjustment of the ball hinge pressure rod 13 .

[0027] After the installation of the present invention is completed, the ball hinge pressure rod 13 is manually rotated with a hexagonal wrench to adjust the center distance of the worm gear. The pressing amount of the ball hinge pressure rod 13 is judged by the scale on the ball hinge pressure cover 14. After the center distance is adjusted to a suitable position, the round nut 15 is tightened to fix the current position of the ball hinge pressure rod 13. The limit plate 23 between the box body 11 and the ball hinge pressure cover 14 can limit the maximum position of the sliding bearing seat 9 to ensure that the center distance of the worm gear is within the normal operating range. When the anti-backlash mechanism is not needed to operate, the ball hinge pressure rod 13 is twisted to loosen the ball hinge bearing 12 to increase the service life of the equipment.

[0028] When the worm and worm wheel wear and create a gap, under the pressure of the disc spring 25 of the ball joint bearing 12, the sliding bearing seat 9 at one end of the worm 1 slides along the inner groove of the box body 11, so that the worm 1 as a whole swings downward along the rotation center of the self-aligning roller bearing 2, so that the center distance between the worm wheel 10 and the worm 1 can be fine-tuned, ensuring the meshing of the tooth surfaces of the worm wheel 10 and the worm 1 and eliminating the wear gap therebetween. After a long period of operation, the depression amount of the ball joint pressure rod 13 can also be manually adjusted.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing, characterized by: A self-aligning roller bearing (2) is installed on one side of the worm (1), the middle of the worm (1) is meshed with the worm wheel (10), and the other side of the worm (1) is connected to the sliding bearing seat (9); copper sliders (17) are fixed at both ends of the sliding bearing seat (9), and the sliding bearing seat (9) slides along the inner groove of the box body (11) through the copper sliders (17). The upper end of the sliding bearing seat (9) is fixed to one end of the ball hinge bearing (12) by a screw (16), and the other end of the ball hinge bearing (12) is connected to the ball hinge pressure rod. (13), the ball hinge bearing (12) is located inside the box body (11) as a whole, the ball hinge pressure rod (13) and the ball hinge pressure cover (14) are connected by threads, and the round nut (15) on the end face is used to compress the ball hinge pressure rod (13), and the ball hinge pressure cover (14) is fixed to the box body (11) by screws. A limit plate (23) is installed in the gap between the box body (11) and the ball hinge pressure cover (14), and the limit plate (23) is fixed to the ball hinge pressure rod (13) by a round nut (24).

2. The worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the spherical roller bearing (2) is fixed to the inner hole step of the housing (11) via the end cover (4), and the inner ring of the spherical roller bearing (2) is fixed to the shaft shoulder of the worm (1) and the locking nut (3).

3. The worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the self-aligning roller bearing (2) of the worm (1) is connected to the output shaft of the driving element (8) through a ball spline sleeve (5). A spacer (6) for adjusting the position of the ball spline sleeve (5) is provided between the ball spline sleeve (5) and the worm (1). The spacer (6) is fixed inside the worm (1) through an elastic retaining ring (7) so that the self-aligning swing center of the self-aligning roller bearing (2) coincides with the rotation center of the ball spline sleeve (5).

4. The worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the force applied by the ball joint bearing (12) to the sliding bearing seat (9) is located on the section center plane N of the worm and worm wheel.

5. The worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball hinge bearing (12) is composed of an upper ball socket (20), an upper ball socket (27), a lower ball socket (19), an upper steel ball (21), a lower steel ball (26), and a connecting rod (22); one end of the connecting rod (22) is connected to the upper steel ball (21) by a thread, and the upper steel ball (21) is fixed between the spherical surface of the ball hinge pressure rod (13) and the spherical surface of the upper ball socket (20), and the upper ball socket (20) and the ball hinge pressure rod (13) are fixed by screws (18). The other end of the connecting rod (22) is clearance-matched with the lower steel ball (26), and the lower steel ball (26) is fixed between the spherical surface of the upper ball socket (27) and the spherical surface of the lower ball socket (19). A group of disc springs (25) for realizing automatic clearance elimination of the worm gear is installed between the upper ball socket (20) and the upper ball socket (27).

6. The worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball hinge pressure cover (14) is engraved with scales around the ball hinge pressure rod (13).

7. The worm gear anti-backlash mechanism based on a ball joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the ball hinge pressure rod (13) is a hexagonal structure that facilitates manual adjustment.

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