Micro-channel heat exchanger, energy storage refrigeration system using same and rail vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microchannel heat exchanger and an energy storage refrigeration system and a railway vehicle using the microchannel heat exchanger, and the microchannel heat exchanger comprises a collecting pipe assembly which comprises an inlet collecting pipe and an outlet collecting pipe which are arranged side by side at intervals and used for liquid to enter and exit; the flat pipe assembly comprises a plurality of flat pipes which are arranged between the inlet collecting pipe and the outlet collecting pipe so as to communicate the inlet collecting pipe with the outlet collecting pipe; the flat pipes are distributed side by side at intervals so that a partition area can be formed between every two adjacent flat pipes. The heat dissipation fin assembly comprises heat dissipation fins which are arranged in the partition areas in a one-to-one mode and extend in a wavy line mode; at least one side end face of each heat dissipation fin extends to the outer side of the separation area. And the distribution density of the radiating fins in each partition area is gradually reduced along the direction from the inlet collecting pipe to the outlet collecting pipe. According to the utility model, the discharge efficiency of condensate water in the use process can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to a microchannel heat exchanger and an energy storage refrigeration system and a rail vehicle using the same. Background Art

[0002] The evaporator plays a crucial role in energy storage refrigeration systems and rail vehicles. It is the component responsible for absorbing heat within the refrigeration system. It exchanges heat with the medium to be cooled, the air, removing heat from the medium and lowering its temperature. The refrigerant changes from liquid to gas within the evaporator, absorbing a significant amount of heat, thereby lowering the ambient temperature and achieving a cooling effect. By controlling the flow rate and state of the refrigerant within the evaporator, the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system can be adjusted to meet varying cooling requirements. Currently, the evaporators of rail air conditioners and roof-mounted energy storage air conditioners can utilize microchannel heat exchangers.

[0003] A microchannel heat exchanger primarily consists of two manifolds, flat tubes connecting the two manifolds, and fins located between the flat tubes. The flat tubes are equipped with microchannels for the refrigerant to flow through. Its operating principle is that the refrigerant enters the manifold through its inlet, then flows through the manifold into the microchannel flat tubes. As it flows through the flat tubes, it exchanges heat with the outside air, achieving cooling or heating.

[0004] Practical research and use have revealed that when used as an evaporator, microchannel heat exchangers (MCHEs) have low evaporation temperatures. When the air side cools down and reaches saturation, condensation forms on the heat exchanger surface. In flat-tube MHEs, condensation tends to accumulate on the surface and is difficult to drain. Furthermore, because the flat tubes and fins of MCHs are brazed, uneven spots can easily form at the welds, making condensation more likely and difficult to drain. If condensation cannot be drained promptly, it increases wind resistance, compromising heat transfer efficiency.

[0005] In this regard, in order to improve the discharge efficiency of condensed water, announcement number CN107843031B discloses a microchannel heat exchanger, which facilitates the discharge of condensed water through a designed drainage structure. However, this drainage structure is only arranged at the bend section of the flat tube, and its improvement in drainage efficiency is still relatively limited. It also requires the additional design of a drainage structure, which increases the difficulty of assembly and maintenance of the entire microchannel heat exchanger.

[0006] Therefore, for the microchannel heat exchanger used as an evaporator in the prior art, its overall structure is further optimized in order to improve the discharge efficiency of the condensed water. Utility Model Content

[0007] The first object of the utility model is to provide a microchannel heat exchanger to solve the technical problem of improving the discharge efficiency of the condensed water.

[0008] The second object of the present utility model is to provide an energy storage refrigeration system to solve the technical problem of improving the discharge efficiency of the condensed water thereof.

[0009] A third object of the present utility model is to provide a rail vehicle to solve the technical problem of improving the discharge efficiency of condensed water of the energy storage refrigeration system adopted by the rail vehicle.

[0010] The microchannel heat exchanger of the present utility model is realized as follows:

[0011] A microchannel heat exchanger comprising:

[0012] A manifold assembly, comprising an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold arranged side by side and at intervals for liquid inlet and outlet;

[0013] A flat tube assembly comprising a plurality of flat tubes arranged between an inlet header and an outlet header to connect the inlet header and the outlet header; the plurality of flat tubes are arranged side by side and spaced apart so that a partition is formed between each two adjacent flat tubes;

[0014] A heat sink assembly includes heat sinks arranged one-to-one in each partition area and extending in a wavy line form; at least one side end face of each heat sink extends to the outside of the partition area; and the distribution density of the heat sinks in each partition area tends to decrease gradually from the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold.

[0015] In an optional implementation of the present invention, the heat dissipation fins in at least one partition area have two side end surfaces extending to the outside of the partition area.

[0016] In an optional implementation of the present invention, each of the heat dissipating fins comprises a plurality of fins arranged obliquely relative to the inlet manifold; and

[0017] An acute angle is formed between adjacent fins in each partition.

[0018] In an optional implementation of the present invention, each fin is a louver structure.

[0019] In an optional implementation of the present invention, an acute angle θ is formed between adjacent fins in each separation area, and θ is 14-30°.

[0020] In an optional implementation of the present invention, adjacent fins in each separation area are connected to form crests and troughs; and each of the crests and troughs is connected to the flat tube.

[0021] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the fins in each partition area are connected to two flat tubes corresponding to the partition area, so that a partition area is formed between adjacent fins; and

[0022] The partition areas of adjacent fins extending outside the partition area are adapted to form drainage channels.

[0023] In an optional implementation of the present invention, at least one of the flat tubes includes a plurality of round tubes arranged side by side.

[0024] The energy storage refrigeration system of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0025] An energy storage refrigeration system includes: the microchannel heat exchanger.

[0026] The rail vehicle of the present utility model is achieved in this way:

[0027] A rail vehicle comprises: the energy storage refrigeration system.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the microchannel heat exchanger of the utility model and the energy storage refrigeration system and rail vehicle using the same extend to the outside of the partition area through at least one side end face of the heat dissipation fin; and the distribution density of the heat dissipation fins in each partition area is designed to gradually decrease from the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold, which can improve the discharge efficiency of condensed water during its use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention (the fins are hidden in the figure);

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial coordination structure of the heat dissipation fins and flat tubes of the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial coordination structure of the heat dissipating fins and the flat tubes of the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the heat dissipation fins in the partition area of ​​the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of a partition area formed between the fins of the heat dissipation fins in the separation area of ​​the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention in which the flat tubes are replaced by multiple round tubes arranged side by side.

[0035] In the figure: inlet header 1, outlet header 2, separation area 3, fin 5, arc-shaped corner portion 6, V-shaped corner portion 7, partition area 8, flat tube 9, round tube 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a microchannel heat exchanger, including: a manifold assembly and a flat tube assembly used in conjunction with each other.

[0039] The manifold assembly includes an inlet manifold 1 and an outlet manifold 2, arranged side by side and spaced apart, for liquid inflow and outflow. When the microchannel heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the inlet manifold 1 serves as the inlet for the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and the outlet manifold 2 serves as the outlet. The flat tube assembly includes a plurality of flat tubes 9 arranged between the inlet and outlet manifolds 1 and 2 to connect them. The flat tubes 9 are arranged side by side and spaced apart to form a partition 3 between each adjacent pair of flat tubes 9. Both the inlet and outlet manifolds 1 and 2 are provided with flow holes that communicate with each flat tube 9.

[0040] Regarding the specific structure of the inlet header 1 and the outlet header 2 and the detailed coordination between the two, any mature means in the prior art may be selected. This embodiment does not make any improvements to this, so there is no absolute limitation on the specific situation.

[0041] For example, in an optional implementation, the inlet header 1 and the outlet header 2 both extend horizontally, and the inlet header 1 and the outlet header 2 are spaced apart longitudinally. In this configuration, each flat tube 9 is equivalent to extending longitudinally. It should be noted that the "horizontal" or "longitudinal" definitions in this embodiment are based on the layout perspective of the actual application scenario. That is, when the layout perspective of the application scenario changes, the corresponding "horizontal" or "longitudinal" will also change. For example, in this embodiment, the inlet header 1 and the outlet header 2 extend horizontally, so that the flat tubes 9 arranged between the inlet header 1 and the outlet header 2 can extend longitudinally. This layout angle, combined with the actual application scenario, facilitates the flow of condensate along the flat tubes 9, thereby improving the efficiency of condensate discharge. Of course, in theory, while appropriately reducing drainage efficiency, the entire microchannel heat exchanger can also be rotated 90 degrees for use, so that the inlet header 1 and the outlet header 2 are arranged longitudinally and the multiple flat tubes 9 are arranged transversely. This situation can also be applied to the technical solutions described below in this embodiment.

[0042] Based on the above structure, the microchannel heat exchanger of this embodiment further includes a heat dissipation fin assembly:

[0043] First, the heat sink assembly includes heat sinks arranged one-to-one in each partition 3 and extending in a wavy line. At least one side surface of each heat sink extends outside the partition 3. The portion of the heat sink extending outside the partition 3 can be used for drainage.

[0044] Secondly, considering that for the longitudinally distributed flat tubes 9, condensed water is distributed longitudinally under the action of gravity. At this time, the drainage pressure at the bottom of the flat tubes 9 is greater than that at the top. Therefore, the distribution density of the heat sinks within each partition 3 of this embodiment gradually decreases in the direction F from the inlet manifold 1 to the outlet manifold 2. In other words, the distribution of heat sinks is denser closer to the inlet manifold 1, while the distribution of heat sinks is sparser closer to the outlet manifold 2. This structure effectively optimizes the drainage effect at the bottom of the flat tubes 9 and accelerates the discharge of condensed water.

[0045] In this regard, it should also be noted that, in an optional implementation, at least one heat dissipating fin in a partition 3 has two side end surfaces extending to the outside of the partition 3. For example, as shown in the accompanying drawings corresponding to this embodiment, each heat dissipating fin in a partition 3 has two side end surfaces extending to the outside of the partition 3, thereby further improving drainage efficiency.

[0046] In more detail, referring to an optional embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, each heat dissipating fin comprises a plurality of fins 5 arranged obliquely relative to the inlet manifold 1; and adjacent fins 5 within each partition 3 form an acute angle, with an optional angle θ ranging from 14° to 30°. Taking the example of a rectangular fin 5 having two side end surfaces extending outside the partition 3, if the dimension of the fin 5 along the width of the partition 3 is defined as the width, then the length of each fin 5 is greater than the width of the flat tube 9, thereby enabling the fin 5 to have two side end surfaces extending outside the partition 3.

[0047] As for the fins 5 used therein, in an optional embodiment, each fin 5 is a shutter structure. Of course, each fin 5 here can also adopt a flat structure without windows or holes, so that condensed water is not easy to hang on the fins 5, which is convenient for drainage.

[0048] Regarding the fins 5, in a first optional implementation, adjacent fins 5 in each partition 3 are connected to form crests and troughs; each crest and trough is connected to the flat tube 9 by, for example, but not limited to, welding. It should be noted that the crests and troughs here can both be arc-shaped corner portions 6 or both be V-shaped corner portions 7. Alternatively, as shown in the accompanying drawings corresponding to this embodiment, one of the crests and troughs can be an arc-shaped corner portion 6 and the other can be a V-shaped corner portion 7. The above situations all meet the use requirements of this embodiment, and this embodiment does not make an absolute limitation on this. For example, when arc-shaped corner portions 6 are used for the crests and / or troughs, the radius r of the arc-shaped corner portion 6 can be selected to be 0.2 to 3 mm.

[0049] In this regard, it should be noted that when arc-shaped corner portions 6 are used for the wave crests and / or wave troughs, the radius of the arc-shaped corner portions 6 formed sequentially by the multiple fins 5 included in the heat dissipating fins in each partition 3 has a large tendency to gradually increase along the direction F from the inlet manifold 1 to the outlet manifold 2. When V-shaped corner portions 7 are used for the wave crests and / or wave troughs, the angle of the V-shaped corner portions 7 formed sequentially by the multiple fins 5 included in the heat dissipating fins in each partition 3 has a large tendency to gradually increase along the direction F from the inlet manifold 1 to the outlet manifold 2.

[0050] Regarding the fins 5, in a second optional embodiment, the fins 5 within each partition 3 are connected to the two flat tubes 9 corresponding to the partition 3 by, for example, but not limited to, welding, so that a partition 8 is formed between adjacent fins 5; and the partition 8 of adjacent fins 5 extending outside the partition 3 is suitable for forming a drainage channel. Compared to the fins 5 in the first embodiment, the fins 5 in this embodiment can be understood as being equivalent to flattening the crests and troughs of the fins 5 in the first embodiment, thereby forming incisions at the crests and troughs. The design of these incisions can, on the one hand, prevent the accumulation of condensed water at the original crests and troughs of the fins 5 located within the partition 3, and on the other hand, for the fins 5 extending outside the partition 3, a drainage channel is formed at the incision, thereby improving drainage efficiency.

[0051] Finally, it is necessary to explain that regarding the material for producing the microchannel heat exchanger of this embodiment, whether it is the flat tube 9 or the inlet header 1, the outlet header 2 and the fin 5, in an optional implementation, metal aluminum can be used, so that the entire microchannel heat exchanger is an all-aluminum structure, which reduces the cost of raw materials.

[0052] In summary, in the microchannel heat exchanger of this embodiment, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant enters the inlet manifold 1 and then flows into the multiple flat tubes 9. While passing through the flat tubes 9, it exchanges heat with the outside world, becoming a gas-phase refrigerant, which then flows into the second manifold. The design of extending at least one side end surface of the heat dissipating fins to the outside of the partition 3, and the gradually decreasing density of the heat dissipating fins within each partition 3 from the inlet manifold 1 to the outlet manifold 2, improves the efficiency of condensed water discharge during operation, thereby reducing wind resistance, increasing heat exchange efficiency, and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] See also Figure 6 As shown, based on the microchannel heat exchanger of Example 1, the microchannel tube heat exchanger provided in this embodiment has the same general structure as that of the embodiment, except that in this embodiment, at least one of the multiple flat tubes 9 used in Example 1 is transformed into multiple round tubes 10 arranged side by side. Of course, each flat tube 9 can also undergo the above deformation.

[0055] At this time, the multiple circular tubes 10 can be arranged closely together or at intervals. This embodiment does not make an absolute limitation on this. Regardless of which of the above situations, the multiple circular tubes 10 are arranged side by side to form a flat shape, so that the multiple circular tubes 10 replace the structure of the flat tube 9 in Example 1.

[0056] Here, when the plurality of circular tubes 10 are arranged at intervals, gaps are formed between adjacent circular tubes 10. The design of the gaps can accelerate the flow of air, play a turbulent role, and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] Based on the microchannel heat exchanger of Example 1 or Example 2, this embodiment provides an energy storage refrigeration system, including the microchannel heat exchanger of Example 1 or Example 2.

[0059] Example 4:

[0060] Based on the energy storage refrigeration system of Example 3, this embodiment provides a rail vehicle, including the energy storage refrigeration system of Example 3.

[0061] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0064] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the utility model product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" do not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0066] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being above or below a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being above, above, and above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being below, below, and below the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A microchannel heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: A manifold assembly, comprising an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold arranged side by side and at intervals for liquid inlet and outlet; A flat tube assembly comprising a plurality of flat tubes arranged between an inlet header and an outlet header to connect the inlet header and the outlet header; the plurality of flat tubes are arranged side by side and spaced apart so that a partition is formed between each two adjacent flat tubes; A heat sink assembly includes heat sinks arranged one-to-one in each partition area and extending in a wavy line form; at least one side end face of each heat sink extends to the outside of the partition area; and the distribution density of the heat sinks in each partition area tends to decrease gradually from the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold.

2. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation fins in at least one partition area have two side end surfaces extending to the outside of the partition area.

3. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each of the heat dissipating fins comprises a plurality of fins arranged obliquely relative to the inlet header; and An acute angle is formed between adjacent fins in each partition.

4. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each fin is a louver structure.

5. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: An acute angle θ is formed between adjacent fins in each partition, and the angle θ is 14 to 30 degrees.

6. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: Adjacent fins in each separation zone are connected to form crests and troughs; each of the crests and troughs is connected to a flat tube.

7. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fins in each partition area are connected to the two flat tubes corresponding to the partition area, so that a partition area is formed between adjacent fins; and The partition areas of adjacent fins extending outside the partition area are adapted to form drainage channels.

8. The microchannel heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the flat tubes includes a plurality of round tubes arranged side by side.

9. An energy storage refrigeration system, characterized in that: include: The microchannel heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: The energy storage refrigeration system according to claim 9.

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