Electrical architecture of hydrogen fuel cell power generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrical architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, and belongs to a hydrogen fuel power generation system. Comprising a galvanic pile, a first boosting module and a second boosting module, the input end is connected with the galvanic pile, and the output end is configured to be at least two paths of output; wherein one path is connected with the step-down module and supplies power to the low-voltage component and the starting power supply; the rest at least one path supplies power to at least one high-voltage component; and the input end of the second boosting module is connected with the electric pile, and the output end is an external interface. According to the utility model, the first boost module and the step-down module cooperate to supply power to the low-voltage component and the starting power supply, and the first boost module directly supplies power to the high-voltage component, so that efficient management in the power generation system and distribution of electric energy to components with different requirements are realized; the second boost module is designed for an external interface, power output to the outside is provided, and the device is suitable for various application scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel power generation system, in particular to an electrical architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell system is essentially a power generation device, but the design of its electrical architecture directly impacts its performance and safety. Existing fuel cell systems are primarily used in utility vehicles, urban rail transit, and utility grids. However, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack does not meet external voltage requirements, necessitating voltage regulation via a boost module.

[0003] A search of a Chinese invention application (publication number: CN110165654A) has disclosed a hydrogen fuel cell electrical system architecture for rail transit. The electricity output from the fuel cell stack is boosted and stabilized by the DC converter's boost module, which then powers the train's electrical loads and the high-voltage components of the fuel cell auxiliary system. The electricity output from the train's power supply is then stepped down by the DC converter's step-down module, which then powers the control unit and the fuel cell auxiliary system's low-voltage components, thus meeting the power supply requirements of components of different voltage levels inside and outside the fuel cell system. However, when fuel cells are used for powering different scenarios, the voltage levels they output can vary significantly. Directly powering auxiliary system electrical components such as air compressors and high-pressure water pumps can lead to incompatibility issues due to the operating voltage range.

[0004] Therefore, existing fuel cell systems have the problem of incompatibility between high and low voltages in external output and internal output applications. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical deficiencies, the present invention provides an electrical architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system to solve the problems involved in the background technology.

[0006] The utility model provides an electrical architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, comprising:

[0007] Battery stack;

[0008] A first boost module, whose input end is connected to the battery stack and whose output end is configured as at least two outputs; one of which is connected to the step-down module to supply power to low-voltage components and a starting power supply; and at least one other output is supplied to at least one high-voltage component;

[0009] The second boost module has an input end connected to the battery stack and an output end serving as an external interface.

[0010] Preferably or optionally, the starting power supply and the step-down module are electrically connected to the low-voltage component via a low-voltage distribution box;

[0011] The low-voltage distribution box is electrically connected to at most one of the starting power supply or the step-down module at the same time.

[0012] Preferably or optionally, the starting power supply is a 24V lithium battery platform.

[0013] Preferably or optionally, the starting power supply is provided with a power detection device.

[0014] Preferably or optionally, a safety device is configured between the output end of the first boost module and the high-voltage component.

[0015] Preferably or optionally, the output end of the second boost module provides at least two outputs with different voltages.

[0016] Preferably or optionally, the low-voltage component includes: an FCU controller, a main radiator, an auxiliary radiator and several high-voltage component controllers.

[0017] Preferably or optionally, the high-pressure components include: an air compressor, a hydrogen circulation pump and a high-pressure water pump.

[0018] Preferably or optionally, the high-voltage component controller is signal-connected to the FCU controller and is signal-connected to the high-voltage component.

[0019] Preferably or optionally, the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator are both signal-connected to the FCU controller;

[0020] The main radiator dissipates heat for the fuel cell stack, and the auxiliary radiator dissipates heat for the high-voltage components.

[0021] The present invention relates to an electrical architecture for a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses a first boost module and a step-down module to provide power to low-voltage components and a starting power source, and uses the first boost module to directly power high-voltage components, thereby achieving efficient management within the power generation system and distributing electrical energy to components with different needs; the second boost module is designed as an external interface to provide power output to the outside world, making it suitable for various application scenarios. At the same time, because the functions of the first boost module are realized, the high-voltage distribution box is eliminated, reducing the complexity of the system. This not only reduces manufacturing costs, but also reduces potential points of failure, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system in the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system in the present invention.

[0024] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 100, fuel cell stack; 200, starting power supply; 300, first boost module; 400, second boost module; 410, external interface; 500, step-down module; 600, low-voltage distribution box; 700, safety device; 810, FCU controller; 821, main radiator; 822, auxiliary radiator; 830, high-voltage component controller; 910, air compressor; 920, hydrogen circulation pump; 930, high-pressure water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0026] See attached Figures 1 to 2 , an electrical architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, including: a fuel cell stack 100, a starting power supply 200, a first boost module 300, a second boost module 400, an external interface 410, a low-voltage distribution box 600, high-voltage components and low-voltage components.

[0027] The fuel cell stack 100, or fuel cell, serves as the primary power supply unit of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. Connected to a hydrogen storage device, it efficiently converts chemical energy into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. The output power of the fuel cell stack 100 is related to parameters such as its operating temperature and pressure, as well as the hydrogen and oxygen supply rates.

[0028] The first boost module 300 is a boost DC / DC module, whose input is connected to the battery stack 100 and whose output is configured as at least two outputs; one of which is connected to the buck module 500 to supply power to low-voltage components and the starting power supply 200; and at least one of the other outputs supplies power to at least one high-voltage component; the second boost module 400 is a boost DC / DC module, whose input is connected to the battery stack 100 and whose output is an external interface 410. The first boost module 300 and the buck module 500 cooperate to supply power to the low-voltage components and the starting power supply 200, and the first boost module 300 boosts the electricity emitted by the battery stack 100 to 650V to directly supply power to the high-voltage components; the second boost module 400 is designed for the external interface 410 to provide power output to the outside world, which is suitable for various application scenarios.

[0029] In a further embodiment, the starting power supply 200 and the step-down module 500 are electrically connected to the low-voltage components via a low-voltage distribution box 600; the low-voltage distribution box 600 is electrically connected to at most one of the starting power supply 200 or the step-down module 500 at the same time. The starting power supply 200 is a 24V lithium battery platform. When the system starts normally, the 24V lithium battery platform switches to the step-down module 500 to supply power to each low-voltage component. At the same time, the output voltage of the first boost module 300 fluctuates. When it is detected that the voltage of the low-voltage component or the high-voltage component is unstable, it is necessary to start the starting power supply 200 to supply power to the low-voltage component and cut off the step-down module 500 to cooperate, so as to stabilize the voltage of the low-voltage component or the high-voltage component, eliminate the impact of voltage fluctuations on the power supply of the low-voltage component or the high-voltage component in the fuel cell system, and avoid the vicious cycle of the entire fuel cell system due to voltage fluctuations.

[0030] In a further embodiment, the starting power supply 200 is equipped with a power detection device. When the power of the 24V lithium battery platform is detected to be insufficient, the step-down module 500 will charge the 24V lithium battery platform to keep the power of the 24V lithium battery above 70% in real time.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the low-voltage components include: an FCU controller 810, a main radiator 821, an auxiliary radiator 822, and several high-voltage component controllers 830. The high-voltage components include: an air compressor 910, a hydrogen circulation pump 920, and a high-pressure water pump 930. The FCU controller 810 serves as the brain of the system, and is used to coordinate the operation of low-voltage components (controllers, radiators, etc.) and high-voltage components (such as the air compressor 910, the hydrogen circulation pump 920, and the high-pressure water pump 930). The main radiator 821 and the auxiliary radiator 822 are both connected to the FCU controller 810 for signal transmission. The main radiator 821 dissipates heat for the fuel cell stack 100, and the auxiliary radiator 822 dissipates heat for the first boost module 300 and the second boost module 400. The temperature of the fuel cell stack 100 and the high-voltage components is controlled to ensure the stability of the entire fuel cell power generation system.

[0032] The high-voltage component controller 830 is signal-connected to the FCU controller 810 and, in turn, to the high-voltage components, adjusting operating parameters (such as current, voltage, and temperature) to ensure efficient and stable system operation. The signal connection between the high-voltage component controller 830 and the FCU controller 810 ensures that the operation of high-voltage components (such as the air compressor 910, hydrogen circulation pump 920, and high-pressure water pump 930) can respond and adjust promptly to overall system requirements, achieving coordinated control of the fuel cell power generation system.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the second boost module 400 can provide at least two outputs of different voltages. The second boost DC function is to boost the electricity emitted by the battery stack 100 to 360-650V. The second boost DC output end is connected to the electrical equipment used, such as 420VDC car charging, 650VDC car charging, DCAC grid-connected inverter, etc., which can meet the access requirements of different equipment or power grids.

[0034] In a further embodiment, a safety device 700 is configured between the output end of the first boost module 300 and the high-voltage component. The safety device 700 is an overcurrent protection element such as a fuse or a circuit breaker. When an abnormally large current (such as a short circuit or overload) occurs in the circuit, the circuit is quickly cut off, thereby isolating the faulty part and protecting the entire system from being implicated, thereby preventing electrical fires, equipment damage or other safety accidents.

[0035] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

Claims

1. An electrical architecture of a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, characterized in that: include: Battery stack (100); A first boost module (300), whose input end is connected to the battery stack (100), and whose output end is configured as at least two outputs; one of which is connected to the buck module (500) to supply power to low-voltage components and a starting power supply (200); and the remaining at least one output to supply power to at least one high-voltage component; The second boost module (400) has an input end connected to the battery stack (100) and an output end serving as an external interface (410).

2. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting power supply (200), the voltage reduction module (500) and the low-voltage components are electrically connected via a low-voltage distribution box (600); The low-voltage distribution box (600) is electrically connected to at most one of the starting power supply (200) or the step-down module (500) at the same time.

3. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting power supply (200) is a 24V lithium battery platform.

4. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting power supply (200) is provided with an electric quantity detection device.

5. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety device (700) is provided between the output end of the first boost module (300) and the high-voltage component.

6. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the second boost module (400) provides at least two outputs with different voltages.

7. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The low-voltage component includes: an FCU controller (810), a main radiator (821), an auxiliary radiator (822), and several high-voltage component controllers (830).

8. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The high-pressure components include: an air compressor (910), a hydrogen circulation pump (920) and a high-pressure water pump (930).

9. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-voltage component controller (830) is signal-connected to the FCU controller (810) and is also signal-connected to the high-voltage component.

10. The electrical architecture of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The main radiator (821) and the auxiliary radiator (822) are both connected to the FCU controller (810) via signals; The main radiator (821) dissipates heat for the battery stack (100), and the auxiliary radiator (822) dissipates heat for the first boost module (300) and the second boost module (400).

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