High-gain 4G small base station antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a high gain 4G small base station antenna, which is characterized in that a combiner, a reflecting plate and a dielectric plate are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, a low frequency antenna is a dipole antenna formed by two parallel conductors, the two parallel conductors are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate and are in central symmetry along the central axis of the dielectric plate in the horizontal direction, and the lower surface of the dielectric plate is provided with a plurality of antennas. Each high-frequency antenna comprises an antenna branch knot and a coupling branch knot, the antenna branch knot is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, the coupling branch knot is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, the two high-frequency antennas are in central symmetry along the central axis, the low-frequency antenna is electrically connected with the reflecting plate through a coaxial line for feeding, and the coupling branch knot is electrically connected with the combiner and the reflecting plate through coaxial lines. The antenna branches are coupled and fed through the coupling branches, the surrounding edge structures are arranged between the reflecting plate and the dielectric plate and connected with the reflecting plate, and the two surrounding edge structures are arranged on the sides, away from the central axis, of the two high-frequency antennas respectively. The antenna can cover a 4G full frequency band, is high in gain, and is small in self-interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a high-gain 4G small base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] To conserve resources and reduce antenna costs, antennas must be designed to be sufficiently small while maintaining high performance. Because the antenna's electrical dimensions determine its resonant frequency and significantly impact its radiation and circuit parameters, research into miniaturized base station antennas generally considers two key aspects: achieving a low profile or reducing the area of ​​the radiating element. Achieving a low profile typically involves utilizing a high-dielectric-constant dielectric substrate. This reduces the antenna's resonant frequency, thereby reducing its electrical dimensions and miniaturization. While effective, this approach also results in low gain and high loss, limiting its practical application. Reducing the area of ​​the radiating element, on the other hand, compromises the antenna's gain. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-gain 4G small base station antenna.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0005] A high-gain 4G small base station antenna includes a combiner, a reflector, a dielectric plate, a low-frequency antenna, two high-frequency antennas, and two surrounding structures. The combiner, reflector, and dielectric plate are stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The low-frequency antenna is a dipole antenna composed of two mutually parallel conductors, and the two mutually parallel conductors are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate and are centrally symmetrical along the horizontal central axis of the dielectric plate. The high-frequency antenna includes an antenna branch and a coupling branch. The antenna branch is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, and the coupling branch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate. The two high-frequency antennas are centrally symmetrical along the central axis. The low-frequency antenna is electrically connected to the reflector via a coaxial line for feeding. The coupling branch is electrically connected to the combiner and reflector respectively via a coaxial line. The antenna branch is coupled and fed via the coupling branch. The surrounding structure is arranged between the reflector and the dielectric plate and connected to the reflector. The two surrounding structures are respectively arranged on the side of the two high-frequency antennas away from the central axis.

[0006] Optionally, a gap is provided at the end of the conductor.

[0007] Optionally, the conductor includes a first branch and two second branches, the two second branches are respectively connected to two ends of the first branch, the two second branches extend to the same side of the first branch and are perpendicular to the first branch, and a gap is provided on the second branch.

[0008] Optionally, the end of the antenna branch is arc-shaped.

[0009] Optionally, the number of the antenna branches is two, and the antenna branches include a third branch, two fourth branches and two fifth branches, the two ends of one fourth branch are respectively connected to one end of the third branch and one fifth branch, the two ends of another fourth branch are respectively connected to the other end of the third branch and another fifth branch, the two fourth branches are located on the same side of the third branch, the fourth branch is respectively perpendicular to the third branch and the fifth branch, the two fifth branches extend toward each other, the ends of the fifth branch are arc-shaped, the third branches of the two antenna branches are close and spaced apart, and one of the antenna branches is electrically connected to the coupling branch via a coaxial cable.

[0010] Optionally, the reflective plate is in the shape of an I-character.

[0011] Optionally, a side of the peripheral structure close to the dielectric plate is serrated.

[0012] Optionally, the edge structure and the reflective plate are integrally formed.

[0013] Optionally, the edge structure is inserted into the reflective plate.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna located on the same surface of the dielectric plate is 0.8 mm, the thickness of the reflector is 1 mm, the distance between the antenna branch and the reflector is 20 mm, and the distance between the two high-frequency antennas is 90 mm.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by setting up a low-frequency antenna and two high-frequency antennas, and using a combiner to combine the two high-frequency signals into one signal, an antenna covering the entire 4G frequency band is realized. And through the special position design of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna, the two high-frequency antennas form an array, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the distance between the high-frequency antenna and the two low-frequency antennas is ensured to be consistent, so as to reduce the influence of the high-frequency antenna on the low-frequency antenna. The low-frequency antenna is directly fed through the coaxial line, and the high-frequency antenna is coupled and fed through the coupling branch. The coupled feeding has the characteristics of convenient adjustment of input impedance and expansion of antenna bandwidth. Since the high-frequency antenna covers B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 frequencies at the same time and has a wide bandwidth, coupled feeding is adopted; and through these two different feeding methods, the radiators of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are in different planes, thereby reducing interference between them. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Shown is an exploded view of a high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the low-frequency antenna and high-frequency antenna structure of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the reflector and surrounding structure of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 The figure shows the overall structure of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 The figure shows a partial structural diagram of a high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6a The figure shows the S11 curve of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the low-frequency B5 / B8 band of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6b The figure shows the S11 curve of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 frequency bands of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7a The figure shows a curve diagram showing the efficiency of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the low-frequency B5 / B8 band as a function of frequency according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7bThe figure shows a curve diagram showing the efficiency of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 bands as a function of frequency according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8a The figure shows a curve diagram showing the gain variation of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the low-frequency B5 / B8 band as a function of frequency according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8b The figure shows a curve diagram showing the gain variation of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 frequency bands according to the first embodiment of the present invention as a function of frequency;

[0027] Figure 9 Shown is a front-to-back ratio curve of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna in the high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 frequency bands of Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly understand the technical content, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the implementation methods of the present invention and the features in the implementation methods can be combined with each other. In the following description, many specific details are elaborated in order to fully understand the present invention. The implementation methods described are only part of the implementation methods of the present invention, not all of the implementation methods. Based on the implementation methods in the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1-4 As shown, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0030] A high-gain 4G small base station antenna includes a combiner, a reflector, a dielectric plate, a low-frequency antenna, two high-frequency antennas, and two surrounding structures. The combiner, reflector, and dielectric plate are stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The low-frequency antenna is a dipole antenna composed of two mutually parallel conductors, and the two mutually parallel conductors are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate and are centrally symmetrical along the horizontal central axis of the dielectric plate. The high-frequency antenna includes an antenna branch and a coupling branch. The antenna branch is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, and the coupling branch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate. The two high-frequency antennas are centrally symmetrical along the central axis. The low-frequency antenna is electrically connected to the reflector via a coaxial line for feeding. The coupling branch is electrically connected to the combiner and reflector respectively via a coaxial line. The antenna branch is coupled and fed via the coupling branch. The surrounding structure is arranged between the reflector and the dielectric plate and connected to the reflector. The two surrounding structures are respectively arranged on the side of the two high-frequency antennas away from the central axis.

[0031] From the above description, it can be seen that the high-gain 4G small base station antenna of the embodiment of the present invention can cover the entire 4G frequency band, and has high gain and low self-interference.

[0032] Optionally, a gap is provided at the end of the conductor.

[0033] From the above description, it can be seen that the low-frequency bandwidth is improved by opening a slit at the end.

[0034] Optionally, the conductor includes a first branch and two second branches, the two second branches are respectively connected to two ends of the first branch, the two second branches extend to the same side of the first branch and are perpendicular to the first branch, and a gap is provided on the second branch.

[0035] It can be seen from the above description that the above is a preferred low-frequency antenna structure of the present invention. Specifically, the first branch is arranged close to the central axis, and the second branch is arranged away from the central axis.

[0036] Optionally, the end of the antenna branch is arc-shaped.

[0037] As can be seen from the above description, the end of the high-frequency antenna is designed to be arc-shaped to increase the impedance bandwidth.

[0038] Optionally, the number of the antenna branches is two, and the antenna branches include a third branch, two fourth branches and two fifth branches, the two ends of one fourth branch are respectively connected to one end of the third branch and one fifth branch, the two ends of another fourth branch are respectively connected to the other end of the third branch and another fifth branch, the two fourth branches are located on the same side of the third branch, the fourth branch is respectively perpendicular to the third branch and the fifth branch, the two fifth branches extend toward each other, the ends of the fifth branch are arc-shaped, the third branches of the two antenna branches are close and spaced apart, and one of the antenna branches is electrically connected to the coupling branch via a coaxial cable.

[0039] As can be seen from the above description, the antenna branch described above is a preferred high-frequency antenna branch structure for the present invention. The two antenna branches are arranged back-to-back, with one antenna branch electrically connected to the coupling branch via a coaxial line, and the coupling branch also connected to the reflector via a coaxial line. This antenna branch thus acts as a ground plane. Specifically, the high-frequency antenna is located within the projection of the low-frequency antenna on the dielectric plate. The unique design of the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna structures in this utility model enhances antenna performance.

[0040] Optionally, the reflective plate is in the shape of an I-character.

[0041] Optionally, a side of the peripheral structure close to the dielectric plate is serrated.

[0042] From the above description, it can be seen that the front-to-back ratio and gain of the high-frequency antenna are optimized by using the "I"-shaped reflector and the serrated edge structure.

[0043] Optionally, the high-frequency antenna, the low-frequency antenna, the reflector and the surrounding structure are all made of FR-4 material.

[0044] From the above description, it can be seen that the use of FR-4 material is low in cost and easy to install.

[0045] Optionally, the edge structure and the reflective plate are integrally formed.

[0046] As can be seen from the above description, the edge structure and the reflective plate can also be made of metal, and the metal plate can be directly bent to form an integrated reflective plate and fence structure.

[0047] Optionally, the edge structure is inserted into the reflective plate.

[0048] As can be seen from the above description, the reflective plate uses materials such as FR-4 and can be connected to the fence structure in an insertion manner.

[0049] Optionally, the portions of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna located on the same surface of the dielectric plate are both 0.8 mm thick. That is, the conductor in the low-frequency antenna, and the antenna branch and coupling branch in the high-frequency antenna are all 0.8 mm thick. The reflector is 1 mm thick, the distance between the antenna branch and the reflector is 20 mm, and the distance between the two high-frequency antennas is 90 mm.

[0050] Optionally, it also includes an upper shell and a lower shell, and a accommodating cavity is formed between the upper shell and the lower shell, and the combiner, reflector, dielectric plate, a low-frequency antenna, two high-frequency antennas, two surrounding structures and coaxial line are arranged in the accommodating cavity.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1-9 , the first embodiment of the present utility model is:

[0052] A high-gain 4G small base station antenna includes a combiner 1, a reflector 2, a dielectric plate 3, a low-frequency antenna, two high-frequency antennas, and two surrounding structures 6. The combiner 1, reflector 2, and dielectric plate 3 are stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The low-frequency antenna is a dipole antenna composed of two mutually parallel conductors 4. The conductors include a first branch 41 and two second branches 42. The two second branches 42 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first branch 41. The two second branches 42 extend to the same side of the first branch 41 and are perpendicular to the first branch 41. The second branches 42 are provided with gaps 421. The two mutually parallel conductors 4 are respectively provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate 3 and are symmetrical along the horizontal central axis of the dielectric plate 3. The first branch 41 is provided close to the central axis, and the second branch 42 is provided away from the central axis.

[0053] The high-frequency antenna includes an antenna branch 51 and a coupling branch 52. There are two antenna branches 51, each comprising a third branch 511, two fourth branches 512, and two fifth branches 513. The ends of one fourth branch 512 are respectively connected to one end of the third branch 511 and one of the fifth branches 513, while the ends of another fourth branch 512 are respectively connected to the other end of the third branch 511 and another of the fifth branches 513. The two fourth branches 512 are located on the same side of the third branch 513, and the fourth branches 512 are perpendicular to the third branch 511 and the fifth branches 513, respectively. The two fifth branches 513 extend toward each other, and the ends of the fifth branches 513 are arc-shaped. A slit is provided in each fourth branch 512. It should be noted that the end of the fifth branch 513 refers to the end of the fifth branch 513 that is not connected to the fourth branch. The third branches 512 of the two antenna branches 51 are arranged close to each other and spaced apart. The antenna branches 51 are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 3, and the coupling branches 52 are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 3. The two high-frequency antennas are symmetrical along the central axis. The third branches 512 are arranged parallel to the central axis. The coupling branches 52 are "L" shaped. Figure 2 shown.

[0054] The coupling branch 52 of the high-frequency antenna is electrically connected to one of the antenna branches 51, the combiner 1, and the reflector 2 via a coaxial line 7. The low-frequency antenna is electrically connected to the reflector 2 via the coaxial line 7 for power feeding, and the high-frequency antenna is coupled to the reflector 2 via the coupling branch 52 for power feeding.

[0055] The edge structure 6 is disposed between the reflector 2 and the dielectric plate 3 and connected to the reflector 2 . The two edge structures 6 are respectively disposed on one side of the two high-frequency antennas away from the central axis.

[0056] The reflector 2 is in the shape of an I. The side of the edge structure 6 close to the dielectric plate 3 is serrated. In a preferred embodiment, the high-frequency antenna, the low-frequency antenna, the reflector 2 and the edge structure 6 are all made of FR-4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.3. The edge structure 6 is inserted into the reflector 2. Figure 3 shown.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the high-gain 4G small base station antenna further includes an upper shell 8 and a lower shell 9, and a housing cavity is formed between the upper shell 8 and the lower shell 9. The combiner 1, the reflector 2, the dielectric plate 3, a low-frequency antenna, two high-frequency antennas, two surrounding structures 6 and the coaxial line 7 are arranged in the housing cavity. Figure 1 and 4 shown.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna located on the same surface of the dielectric plate is 0.8 mm, the thickness of the reflector is 1 mm, the distance between the antenna branch and the reflector is 20 mm, and the distance between the two high-frequency antennas is 90 mm.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the overall structural dimensions of the antenna are 209.84 mm×208.26 mm×30.4 mm.

[0060] like Figure 6a and 6b The figure shows the S11 curves of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna of this embodiment in the low-frequency B5 / B8 and high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 bands. It can be seen from the figure that the S11 results of the antenna of this embodiment in the low-frequency B5 / B8 band and the high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 band are both below the reference level of -10dB, meeting the design requirements.

[0061] Figure 7a and 7b The figure shows the efficiency of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna of this embodiment as a function of frequency in the low-frequency B5 / B8 and high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 bands. It can be seen from the figure that the efficiency of the antenna in the B5 / B8 and B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 bands is above 90%, achieving high performance.

[0062] Figure 8a and 8b The figure shows the curves of the gain of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna of this embodiment varying with frequency in the low-frequency B5 / B8 and high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 bands. It can be seen from the figure that the gain of the B5 / B8 band antenna is between 5.67dB and 6.07dB, the gain of the B1 / B3 band antenna is between 9-10.77dB, and the gain of the B40 / B41 band antenna is between 11.4-12.1dB, achieving high gain.

[0063] Figure 9 This is a front-to-back ratio curve of the high-gain 4G small base station antenna of this embodiment in the high-frequency B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 frequency bands. As can be seen from the figure, the front-to-back ratio of the B1 / B3 / B40 / B41 high-frequency band antenna is above 20dB, which has a good front-to-back ratio.

[0064] In summary, the high-gain 4G small base station antenna of the utility model can achieve good antenna standing wave performance without the use of a matching circuit; it can achieve high gain, high efficiency and a good front-to-back ratio in a small size; it uses FR-4 material, which is low in cost and easy to install.

[0065] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-gain 4G small base station antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a combiner, a reflector, a dielectric plate, a low-frequency antenna, two high-frequency antennas and two surrounding structures. The combiner, reflector and dielectric plate are stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The low-frequency antenna is a dipole antenna composed of two mutually parallel conductors, and the two mutually parallel conductors are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate and are centrally symmetrical along the central axis of the dielectric plate in the horizontal direction. The high-frequency antenna comprises an antenna branch and a coupling branch. The antenna branch is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, and the coupling branch is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate. The two high-frequency antennas are centrally symmetrical along the central axis. The low-frequency antenna is electrically connected to the reflector via a coaxial line for feeding. The coupling branch is electrically connected to the combiner and reflector via a coaxial line respectively. The antenna branch is coupled and fed via the coupling branch. The surrounding structure is arranged between the reflector and the dielectric plate and connected to the reflector. The two surrounding structures are respectively arranged on the side of the two high-frequency antennas away from the central axis.

2. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slit is provided at the end of the conductor.

3. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor includes a first branch and two second branches, the two second branches are respectively connected to two ends of the first branch, the two second branches extend to the same side of the first branch and are perpendicular to the first branch, and a gap is provided on the second branch.

4. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the antenna branches are arc-shaped.

5. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two antenna branches, and the antenna branches include a third branch, two fourth branches and two fifth branches. The two ends of one fourth branch are respectively connected to one end of the third branch and one fifth branch, and the two ends of another fourth branch are respectively connected to the other end of the third branch and another fifth branch. The two fourth branches are located on the same side of the third branch, and the fourth branch is perpendicular to the third branch and the fifth branch respectively. The two fifth branches extend toward each other, and the ends of the fifth branches are arc-shaped. The third branches of the two antenna branches are close to and spaced apart, and one of the antenna branches is electrically connected to the coupling branch via a coaxial cable.

6. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflecting plate is in the shape of an "I".

7. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side of the peripheral structure close to the dielectric plate is serrated.

8. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge structure and the reflector are integrally formed.

9. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding structure is inserted into the reflecting plate.

10. The high-gain 4G small base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna located on the same surface of the dielectric plate is 0.8 mm, the thickness of the reflector is 1 mm, the distance between the antenna branch and the reflector is 20 mm, and the distance between the two high-frequency antennas is 90 mm.

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