Solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception. The solar photovoltaic array control system comprises a solar light panel, a charging control circuit, a charging controller, an anti-countercurrent voltage stabilizing circuit, a rechargeable battery, a temperature and humidity sensor, a sensor signal preprocessing module, a main control module, an overcurrent protection circuit, a demodulation module, a full-bridge driver and a voltage regulating module. According to temperature and humidity parameters collected by a temperature and humidity sensor, through a charging control circuit, a charging controller and an anti-countercurrent voltage stabilizing circuit, charging control is carried out on a rechargeable battery in a time-phased mode in a quick charging mode; demodulated data are transmitted to a charging controller for processing; the voltage regulation precision and the voltage regulation range of the voltage regulation module are controlled, a receiving power request fed back by the demodulation module is processed in time, a control signal is output to the voltage regulation module according to requirements, and then multi-gear voltage precise regulation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage, and in particular to a solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception. Background Art

[0002] PV power station construction models primarily include ground-mounted power stations (including those in deserts and mountainous areas), distributed power stations (rooftops in industrial parks and public buildings), facility agriculture power stations, multi-energy complementary power stations (fish-solar, hydro-solar, and wind-solar), and small household PV power stations. Depending on the application of PV power stations, PV inverters have developed rapidly, resulting in the emergence of various inverter solutions: centralized, string, and distributed.

[0003] Solar energy is an ideal renewable energy source. The solar photovoltaic power generation system has the greatest development potential in the future. Its development and utilization is an effective way to solve problems such as energy shortage, environmental pollution and greenhouse effect. It is an ideal alternative energy source for mankind. Moreover, the solar distributed power generation system is the development trend of future household electricity and commercial power supply. While meeting its own electricity needs, it can also be connected to the main power grid and sell the surplus electricity generated to power companies. Therefore, with the development of solar power generation technology and the reduction of photovoltaic cell costs, the development and utilization of solar energy will inevitably become one of the important energy sources in the late 21st century.

[0004] Currently, solar charging panels and their matching charging modules are becoming more and more common. However, regardless of whether the environment is suitable for the solar panels to work, the solar panel charging equipment is working, resulting in a shortened service life of the equipment circuit. Secondly, the environmental detection and transmission to the controller is not accurate enough. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception in response to the deficiencies of the background technology.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] The solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception includes solar panels, charging control circuit, charging controller, anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit, rechargeable battery, temperature and humidity sensor, sensor signal preprocessing module, main control module, overcurrent protection circuit, demodulation module, full-bridge driver, and voltage regulation module;

[0008] The solar panel is connected to the rechargeable battery through the charging control circuit and the anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit in sequence. The charging control circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are respectively connected to the charging controller. The charging controller is connected to the full-bridge driver through the demodulation module and the voltage regulation module respectively. The temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the main control module through the sensor signal preprocessing module, and the main control module is connected to the charging controller.

[0009] As a further preferred solution of the solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception of the utility model, the signal preprocessing module includes a sensor signal conditioning circuit, a current signal conditioning circuit, a voltage signal conditioning circuit, a voltage divider follower filter circuit, and an A / D converter. The temperature and humidity sensors are connected to the main control module in sequence through the sensor signal conditioning circuit, the current signal conditioning circuit, the voltage signal conditioning circuit, the voltage divider follower filter circuit, and the A / D converter.

[0010] As a further preferred solution of the environmental perception-based solar photovoltaic array control system of the present invention, the anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit includes a voltage input Vin terminal, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C21, a chip LM2596, an inductor L11, a diode D31, a diode D41, and a voltage output Vout terminal. The voltage input Vin terminal is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C11 and the +VIN pin of the chip LM2596, the other end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, the GND pin of the chip LM2596 is grounded, the ON / OFF pin of the chip LM2596 is grounded, the OUTPUT pin of the chip LM2596 is respectively connected to one end of the inductor L11 and the cathode of the diode D31, the FEEDBACK pin of the chip LM2596 is respectively connected to the other end of the inductor L11, the anode of the diode D41, and one end of the capacitor C21, the other end of the capacitor C21 is grounded, the anode of the diode D31 is grounded, and the cathode of the diode D41 is connected to the voltage output Vout terminal.

[0011] As a further preferred solution of the solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception of the present invention, the sensor signal conditioning circuit includes an analog signal input end, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and an operational amplifier U1. The analog signal input end is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U1, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1.

[0012] As a further preferred solution of the solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception of the present invention, the voltage signal conditioning circuit includes a voltage signal input end, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C2, and an operational amplifier U2. The voltage signal input end is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U1, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2.

[0013] As a further preferred solution of the environmental perception-based solar photovoltaic array control system of the present invention, the voltage divider follower filter circuit includes an operational amplifier U3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C7. The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U4. The output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the A / D conversion unit. The other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the current signal conditioning circuit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution adopted by the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0015] The utility model discloses a solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception, comprising a solar panel, a charging control circuit, a charging controller, an anti-backflow voltage stabilization circuit, a rechargeable battery, a temperature and humidity sensor, a sensor signal preprocessing module, a main control module, an overcurrent protection circuit, a demodulation module, a full-bridge driver, and a voltage regulation module. According to temperature and humidity parameters collected by the temperature and humidity sensor, the charging control circuit, the charging controller, and the anti-backflow voltage stabilization circuit are used to fast charge the rechargeable battery in time periods. The charging control circuit is connected to the rechargeable battery for charging control of the rechargeable battery. The overcurrent protection circuit is used for overcurrent protection during charging control of the rechargeable battery. The voltage regulation module is connected to the full-bridge driver for automatic voltage regulation via a feedback pin. The demodulation module is connected to the full-bridge driver for transmitting demodulated data to the charging controller for processing. The charging controller is respectively connected to the voltage regulation module and the demodulation module for controlling the voltage regulation accuracy and voltage regulation range of the voltage regulation module, promptly processing the received power request fed back by the demodulation module, and outputting a control signal to the voltage regulation module according to demand, thereby achieving multi-speed voltage precision regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is the overall structural principle diagram of the solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the signal preprocessing module of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the utility model's anti-backflow voltage stabilizing circuit;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the sensor signal conditioning circuit of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram of the voltage signal conditioning circuit of this utility model

[0021] Figure 6 The utility model is a circuit diagram of a voltage-dividing follower filter circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention:

[0023] Solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes solar panels, charging control circuit, charging controller, anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit, rechargeable battery, temperature and humidity sensor, sensor signal preprocessing module, main control module, overcurrent protection circuit, demodulation module, full-bridge driver, and voltage regulation module;

[0024] The solar panel is connected to the rechargeable battery through the charging control circuit and the anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit in sequence. The charging control circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are respectively connected to the charging controller. The charging controller is connected to the full-bridge driver through the demodulation module and the voltage regulation module respectively. The temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the main control module through the sensor signal preprocessing module, and the main control module is connected to the charging controller.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, the signal preprocessing module includes a sensor signal conditioning circuit, a current signal conditioning circuit, a voltage signal conditioning circuit, a voltage divider follower filter circuit, and an A / D converter. The temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the main control module through the sensor signal conditioning circuit, current signal conditioning circuit, voltage signal conditioning circuit, voltage divider follower filter circuit, and A / D converter in sequence. The multi-channel sensor signal, voltage signal, and current signal are collected. The collected signals are processed through signal conditioning, analog switches, voltage divider follower, and anti-aliasing filtering. The link establishment time is analyzed and then converted using a successive approximation AD chip. The data collection accuracy is verified by cooperating with the host computer. The circuit design is optimized and detailed performance testing is performed. Compared with traditional test systems, the collected signals are more accurate, stable, and reliable.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit includes a voltage input Vin terminal, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C21, a chip LM2596, an inductor L11, a diode D31, a diode D41, and a voltage output Vout terminal. The voltage input Vin terminal is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C11 and the +VIN pin of the chip LM2596, the other end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, the GND pin of the chip LM2596 is grounded, the ON / OFF pin of the chip LM2596 is grounded, the OUTPUT pin of the chip LM2596 is respectively connected to one end of the inductor L11 and the cathode of the diode D31, the FEEDBACK pin of the chip LM2596 is respectively connected to the other end of the inductor L11, the anode of the diode D41, and one end of the capacitor C21, the other end of the capacitor C21 is grounded, the anode of the diode D31 is grounded, and the cathode of the diode D41 is connected to the voltage output Vout terminal.

[0027] The utility model adopts a fast charging method through an anti-reverse current voltage-stabilizing circuit to charge two lead-crystal batteries with a DC voltage of 12V and a capacity of 75Ah in different time periods. In order to achieve fast charging and take into account the conversion efficiency of the solar panel, the utility model uses an 18V 330W foldable photovoltaic panel. When each battery is fully charged, it can provide 0.9 kilowatts of electricity per hour. In order to increase the battery life, a 10% power reserve is set.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the sensor signal conditioning circuit includes an analog signal input terminal, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and an operational amplifier U1. The analog signal input terminal is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1.

[0029] The operational amplifier is a key component of the conditioning circuit. This utility model uses the AD8608 operational amplifier chip from ADI. This chip combines many excellent features. It has four-rail input and output while being powered by a single power supply. It can ensure high speed while also ensuring extremely low noise and input bias current, and is widely applicable to various circuits.

[0030] Since the input impedance of the op amp is generally very high, it is very susceptible to external interference when the input pin is left floating. Therefore, setting resistor R2 can form a loop between the input end and the analog ground when the input pin is left floating, thereby ensuring the stability of the op amp.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the voltage signal conditioning circuit includes a voltage signal input terminal, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C2, and an operational amplifier U2. The voltage signal input terminal is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2.

[0032] In the voltage conditioning circuit, the rail-to-rail op amp can maximize the input and output voltage swings close to the power supply voltage value, but there is still a large deviation under high current conditions. Since the input voltage range of the AD8608 is 0~0.5V, resistors R3 and R5 are set to form a voltage divider circuit to reduce the input voltage to below 5V.

[0033] Depending on the magnitude of the current and whether it is AC or DC, the corresponding current acquisition methods vary. Common current acquisition methods include coaxial shunts, current transformers, Rogowski coils, Hall sensors, and sampling resistors. The Hall sensor method is suitable for measuring both AC and DC currents and can measure large currents. The current signal conditioning circuit uses the Allegro ACS714 chip, a current-isolated current sensor with common-mode field effect rejection, composed of high-precision, low-bias linear Hall sensors.

[0034] The main control module controls the analog switch to select the address switching channel to achieve the effect of time-sharing multiplexing. When switching channels, the analog switch will affect the change of capacitive load, resulting in signal oscillation or ringing. The faster the switching speed of the analog switch, the more obvious this phenomenon is. Therefore, the selection of analog switches is particularly important. By analyzing and comparing various different types of analog switches, this design uses the ADG706 chip.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown, the voltage divider follower filter circuit includes an operational amplifier U3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C7. The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U4. The output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the A / D conversion unit. The other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the current signal conditioning circuit.

[0036] The signal passes through the analog switch, then through voltage divider, follower, and filter circuits before being input into the AD converter. The voltage follower circuit creates a high-impedance input and a low-impedance output, improving the circuit's load capacity. The operational amplifiers U3 and U4 use the AD8031 chip model. The ACS714 chip has a maximum sampling current of 5A.

[0037] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as such, will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0038] The above embodiments are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical solution in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The above embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception, characterized by: It includes a solar panel, a charging control circuit, a charging controller, an anti-reverse current voltage stabilizing circuit, a rechargeable battery, a temperature and humidity sensor, a sensor signal preprocessing module, a main control module, an overcurrent protection circuit, a demodulation module, a full-bridge driver, and a voltage regulating module; the solar panel is connected to the rechargeable battery through the charging control circuit and the anti-reverse current voltage stabilizing circuit in sequence, the charging control circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are respectively connected to the charging controller, and the charging controller is connected to the full-bridge driver through the demodulation module and the voltage regulating module respectively; the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the main control module through the sensor signal preprocessing module, and the main control module is connected to the charging controller.

2. The environmentally-aware solar photovoltaic array control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal preprocessing module includes a sensor signal conditioning circuit, a current signal conditioning circuit, a voltage signal conditioning circuit, a voltage divider follower filter circuit, and an A / D converter. The temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the main control module through the sensor signal conditioning circuit, the current signal conditioning circuit, the voltage signal conditioning circuit, the voltage divider follower filter circuit, and the A / D converter in sequence.

3. The solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-reverse current voltage stabilization circuit includes a voltage input Vin terminal, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C21, a chip LM2596, an inductor L11, a diode D31, a diode D41, and a voltage output Vout terminal. The voltage input Vin terminal is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C11 and the +VIN pin of the chip LM2596, the other end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, the GND pin of the chip LM2596 is grounded, the ON / OFF pin of the chip LM2596 is grounded, the OUTPUT pin of the chip LM2596 is respectively connected to one end of the inductor L11 and the cathode of the diode D31, the FEEDBACK pin of the chip LM2596 is respectively connected to the other end of the inductor L11, the anode of the diode D41, and one end of the capacitor C21, the other end of the capacitor C21 is grounded, the anode of the diode D31 is grounded, and the cathode of the diode D41 is connected to the voltage output Vout terminal.

4. The environmentally-aware solar photovoltaic array control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor signal conditioning circuit includes an analog signal input terminal, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, and an operational amplifier U1. The analog signal input terminal is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1.

5. The solar photovoltaic array control system based on environmental perception according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage signal conditioning circuit includes a voltage signal input end, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C2, and an operational amplifier U2. The voltage signal input end is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R4 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R4 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U1, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2.

6. The environmentally-aware solar photovoltaic array control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage divider follower filter circuit includes an operational amplifier U3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C7. The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U4. The output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the A / D conversion unit. The other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the current signal conditioning circuit.

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