Guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual-power change-over switch controlled by magnetic latching relay

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of switches, and relates to a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual-power change-over switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay. Comprising a three-phase kilowatt-hour metering ammeter, a three-phase adjustable self-recovery overvoltage and undervoltage protector, a three-phase adjustable self-recovery current limiting protector, a temperature protection switch, an automatic phase electric charge priority selection switch and a timing switch which are electrically connected, and the three-phase kilowatt-hour metering ammeter is used for measuring electric energy consumption in a three-phase circuit; the three-phase adjustable self-recovery overvoltage and undervoltage protector is used for protecting the change-over switch from being damaged by abnormal voltage and ensuring stable operation of a power system, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery overvoltage and undervoltage protector is used for limiting current in the change-over switch, and the temperature protection switch is used for monitoring the temperature of the change-over switch. The system is small in size, light in weight, lower in power consumption, more energy-saving, more reliable, safer, more intelligent, more humanized and more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of switches, and more particularly to a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power supply transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay. Background Art

[0002] A three-phase dual power transfer switch is an electrical device used to automatically or manually switch between two independent three-phase power sources to ensure the continuity and reliability of power supply. However, existing technologies in this field still have some shortcomings and deficiencies, which are specifically manifested in the following aspects:

[0003] Large and heavy: Traditional three-phase dual-power transfer switches are often bulky and heavy, making installation and maintenance inconvenient. Especially in environments with limited space, large switches can be difficult to install and may even require additional structural support. Inconvenient installation: Due to their bulky nature, the installation process of three-phase dual-power transfer switches is often complicated and time-consuming. This not only increases installation costs but can also affect the overall project schedule.

[0004] Single Functionality (Mechanical Switching): Many existing three-phase dual power transfer switches still use a mechanical switching mechanism, which is not only slow but also lacks intelligent and automated features. This can prevent quick and accurate switching to the backup power source in the event of a power failure. High Power Consumption: Some three-phase dual power transfer switches consume significant power during operation, which not only increases energy waste but can also negatively impact the stability of the power grid. High Failure Rate: Due to design or manufacturing deficiencies, some three-phase dual power transfer switches have a high failure rate. This not only impacts device reliability but also increases repair and replacement costs. No Data Display or Adjustment: Traditional three-phase dual power transfer switches often lack data display and adjustment features, preventing users from understanding the device's operating status in real time and making appropriate adjustments. High Labor Costs: Due to functional limitations, many three-phase dual power transfer switches require manual monitoring and maintenance. This not only increases labor costs but can also lead to failures or accidents due to human error. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay, comprising:

[0006] Through the electrical connection of a three-phase electricity meter, a three-phase adjustable self-recovery over- and under-voltage protector, a three-phase adjustable self-recovery current limiting protector, a temperature protection switch, an automatic phase electricity fee priority selection switch and a timing switch, the three-phase electricity meter is used to measure the electric energy consumption in the three-phase circuit, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over- and under-voltage protector is used to protect the conversion switch from damage by abnormal voltage to ensure the stable operation of the power system, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over- and under-voltage protector is used to limit the current in the conversion switch, the temperature protection switch is used to monitor the temperature of the conversion switch and automatically cut off the power supply when the temperature exceeds the set value, the automatic phase electricity fee priority selection switch is used to automatically select the phase with lower electricity fee according to the difference in electricity fees of each phase, and the timing switch is used to automatically cut off or connect the power supply at the set time to realize the timing control function.

[0007] Preferably, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector includes a first three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector and a second three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector.

[0008] Preferably, the transfer switch further includes a microcomputer chip, a first neutral line N input terminal, a first live line A input terminal, a first live line B input terminal, a first live line C input terminal, a second neutral line N input terminal, a second live line A input terminal, a second live line B input terminal, a second live line C input terminal, a first magnetic latching relay, a second magnetic latching relay, a first current transformer, a second current transformer, a third current transformer, a load neutral line output terminal, a load live line A output terminal, a load live line B output terminal, a load live line C output terminal, a first silicone setting button, a first liquid crystal display, a second silicone setting button, a second liquid crystal display And a third silicone setting button, the first neutral line N input terminal is used to connect the neutral line of the first power supply, the first live wire A input terminal is used to connect the live wire A phase of the first power supply, the first live wire B input terminal is used to connect the live wire B phase of the first power supply, the first live wire C input terminal is used to connect the live wire C phase of the first power supply, the second neutral line N input terminal is used to connect the neutral line of the second power supply, the second live wire A input terminal is used to connect the live wire A phase of the second power supply, the second live wire B input terminal is used to connect the live wire B phase of the second power supply, the second live wire C input terminal is used to connect the live wire C phase of the second power supply, the first One magnetic latching relay is used to control the on and off of the first power supply, the second magnetic latching relay is used to control the on and off of the second power supply, the first current transformer is used to monitor the live wire A phase current of the load live wire A output terminal, the second current transformer is used to monitor the live wire B phase current of the load live wire B output terminal, the third current transformer is used to monitor the live wire C phase current of the load live wire C output terminal, the load neutral output terminal is used to provide a neutral output to the load, the load live wire A output terminal is used to provide a live wire A phase output to the load, the load live wire B output terminal is used to provide a live wire B phase output to the load, and the load live wire C output terminal is used to The first silicone setting button is used to set and adjust the parameters of the first power supply; the first liquid crystal display is used to display the operating status and parameters of the first power supply; the second silicone setting button is used to set and adjust the parameters of the second power supply; the second liquid crystal display is used to display the operating status and parameters of the second power supply; the third silicone setting button is used to set and troubleshoot the switch; and the microcomputer chip is used to receive signals from the first current transformer, the second current transformer, and the third current transformer, process user input, and control the operation of the first magnetic latching relay and the second magnetic latching relay.

[0009] Preferably, the microcomputer chip includes: one of: STM32 series MCU, PIC series MCU and AVR series MCU.

[0010] Preferably, the first current transformer includes any one of a ring-shaped, cylindrical, split-type, closed-type and intelligent current transformer.

[0011] Preferably, the second current transformer includes any one of a ring-shaped, cylindrical, split-type, closed-type and intelligent current transformer.

[0012] Preferably, the third current transformer includes any one of a ring-shaped, cylindrical, split-type, closed-type and intelligent current transformer.

[0013] Preferably, the transfer switch is provided with a guide rail mounting groove, and the guide rail mounting groove is used to install the transfer switch on a guide rail in an electrical cabinet or a distribution box.

[0014] Preferably, the transfer switch further comprises a magnetic latching relay drive circuit, which is controlled by the microcomputer chip and drives the first magnetic latching relay and the second magnetic latching relay by outputting high and low level signals.

[0015] Preferably, the transfer switch is further provided with a short-circuit protection circuit.

[0016] The implementation of the guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] It is small in size, light in weight and adopts DIN-rail installation. It can be freely matched with PZ30 distribution box or waterproof box. Compared with traditional three-phase dual power products that are large and heavy and must be used with large distribution boxes, it greatly saves labor costs and required material costs.

[0018] The main core power component used is a magnetic latching relay. Compared with the circuit breaker mechanism used in traditional three-phase dual power products, which uses a small industrial control relay to keep the power on for a long time to control the on and off state, the power consumption is lower and more energy-saving. The magnetic latching relay is a low-power, long-life, and overload-resistant energy-saving on-off switch. It controls the on and off state and maintains the state through instantaneous pulse drive. In addition, due to the mechanical structure of traditional three-phase dual power products, when the voltage is low or unstable, there will be jamming or action lag, resulting in incomplete protection and easily leading to safety accidents. The utility model is controlled by a microcomputer chip to drive the magnetic latching relay, which is more reliable in comparison.

[0019] Compared with the single mechanical conversion function of traditional three-phase dual power products, it adds conversion phase priority selection (any one of the two channels can be selected as priority), LCD data display and adjustment, overvoltage protection (overvoltage value is visible and adjustable within the range), undervoltage protection (undervoltage value is visible and adjustable within the range), overcurrent protection (overvoltage value is visible and adjustable within the range), three-phase unbalance protection (value is adjustable within the range), three-phase phase protection, delay protection, self-reset protection, energy metering and other comprehensive protections, and the data can be adjusted at will according to the actual power grid environment to meet the use of different environments, which is safer, more intelligent, humane and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. The following will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the FF view of the guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by the magnetic latching relay of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 The utility model is an FF sectional view of a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power supply transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay.

[0025] In the figure, 1-first neutral line N input terminal, 2-first live line A input terminal, 3-first live line B input terminal, 4-first live line C input terminal, 5-second neutral line N input terminal, 6-second live line A input terminal, 7-second live line B input terminal, 8-second live line C input terminal, 9-first magnetic latching relay, 10-second magnetic latching relay, 11-first current transformer, 12-second current transformer, 13-third current transformer, 14-load neutral line output terminal, 15-load live line A output terminal, 16-load live line B output terminal, 17-load live line C output terminal, 18-first silicone setting button, 19-first LCD display, 20-second silicone setting button, 21-second LCD display, 22-third silicone setting button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), such directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0028] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to the present invention; Figure 3This is the FF view of the guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by the magnetic latching relay of the utility model; Figure 4 This is the FF cross-sectional view of the rail-type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by the magnetic latching relay of the utility model. Figures 1-4 In the first embodiment of the utility model, the guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay includes at least a three-phase electricity meter, a three-phase adjustable self-resetting over- and under-voltage protector, a three-phase adjustable self-resetting current limiting protector, a temperature protection switch, an automatic phase electricity rate priority selection switch, and a timing switch. The three-phase electricity meter is used to measure the energy consumption in the three-phase circuit. The three-phase adjustable self-resetting over- and under-voltage protector is used to protect the transfer switch from damage caused by abnormal voltage to ensure the stable operation of the power system. The three-phase adjustable self-resetting over- and under-voltage protector is used to limit the current in the transfer switch. The temperature protection switch is used to monitor the temperature of the transfer switch and automatically cut off the power supply when the temperature exceeds a set value. The automatic phase electricity rate priority selection switch is used to automatically select the phase with the lower electricity rate for power supply based on the difference in electricity rates between the phases. The timing switch is used to automatically cut off or connect the power supply at a set time to implement a timing control function.

[0030] The three-phase electricity meter serves as the input end of the transfer switch. The meter is connected to the three-phase power supply line and is used to measure the power consumption of the transfer switch of the utility model.

[0031] Three-phase electricity metering is more difficult than single-phase metering. In this embodiment, two three-phase meters are provided to perform data analysis and transmission, and automatically convert between them.

[0032] The three-phase adjustable self-recovery current limiting protector is connected after the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector to limit the current. Its input is connected to the output of the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector, and its output is connected to the load.

[0033] A temperature protection switch is installed near the load to monitor its operating temperature. Its input is connected to the output of a three-phase adjustable, resettable current-limiting device, while its output is connected to the load. When the temperature exceeds the set value, the temperature protection switch automatically disconnects the circuit.

[0034] The automatic phase priority switch is connected after the temperature protection switch. It automatically selects the phase with the lowest electricity cost based on the difference in electricity costs between phases of the power grid. Its input is connected to the output of the temperature protection switch, and its output is connected to the final load.

[0035] The automatic phase electricity fee priority selection switch can prioritize phases, such as giving priority to the mains power. When the mains power fails (overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, etc.), it automatically switches to the backup power supply. When the mains power is normal, it automatically switches back. The electricity fee priority is selected. For example, the mains power is more expensive from 8 to 10 o'clock, so you can set this time period to switch to the backup power, and automatically switch back after 10 o'clock.

[0036] The timer switch, the final control link, is connected after the automatic phase priority selector switch. Its input is connected to the output of the automatic phase selector switch, while its output is connected to the final load. The timer switch connects or disconnects the circuit according to a preset time schedule, controlling the operation of the load.

[0037] The timer switch can choose when to open and close, when to turn on the mains power, and when to turn on the backup power.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector includes a first three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector and a second three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector.

[0039] The first and second three-phase adjustable resettable over / undervoltage protectors are connected in parallel after the electricity meter, serving as the circuit's first and second protection barriers. Their IN (power input) terminals connect to the meter output, while their OUT (output) terminals connect to the subsequent circuits. If the first three-phase adjustable resettable over / undervoltage protector fails, the second three-phase adjustable resettable over / undervoltage protector will continue to function, ensuring circuit safety.

[0040] The purpose of setting two three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protectors is:

[0041] (1) Redundant protection: In power systems, a single protective device may be at risk of failure or malfunction. Setting up two three-phase adjustable self-recovery overvoltage and undervoltage protectors can provide redundant protection. When the first protector fails or malfunctions, the second protector can continue to function, ensuring safe and stable operation of the circuit.

[0042] (2) Enhanced reliability: Two protectors operate in parallel, allowing for mutual monitoring and verification. When one protector detects an abnormal voltage, it quickly disconnects the circuit. Simultaneously, the other protector performs a verification operation. If an abnormality is confirmed, it remains disconnected. If the verification result is normal, it attempts to close the circuit. This mutual verification mechanism greatly enhances system reliability.

[0043] (3) Improved protection accuracy: The two protectors can be set with different protection thresholds to adapt to the voltage stability requirements of different loads. For example, for loads that are sensitive to voltage fluctuations, a higher protection threshold can be set; while for loads that are less sensitive to voltage fluctuations, a lower protection threshold can be set. This can improve the accuracy and flexibility of protection.

[0044] (4) Easy maintenance and repair: When one of the protectors fails, it can be quickly switched to another protector to continue working without interrupting the power supply of the entire system. This provides great convenience for maintenance and repair work.

[0045] In a specific implementation, the transfer switch of the present invention further includes a microcomputer chip, a first neutral line N input terminal 1, a first live line A input terminal 2, a first live line B input terminal 3, a first live line C input terminal 4, a second neutral line N input terminal 5, a second live line A input terminal 6, a second live line B input terminal 7, a second live line C input terminal 8, a first magnetic latching relay 9, a second magnetic latching relay 10, a first current transformer 11, a second current transformer 12, a third current transformer 13, a load neutral line output terminal 14, a load live line A output terminal 15, a load live line B output terminal 16, a load live line C output terminal 17, a first silicone setting button 18, The first LCD display 19, the second silicone setting button 20, the second LCD display 21 and the third silicone setting button 22, the first neutral line N input terminal 1 is used to connect the neutral line of the first power supply, the first live line A input terminal 2 is used to connect the live line A phase of the first power supply, the first live line B input terminal 3 is used to connect the live line B phase of the first power supply, the first live line C input terminal 4 is used to connect the live line C phase of the first power supply, the second neutral line N input terminal 5 is used to connect the neutral line of the second power supply, the second live line A input terminal 6 is used to connect the live line A phase of the second power supply, the second live line B input terminal 7 is used to connect the live line B phase of the second power supply, the second live line C input terminal 8 is used to connect the live wire C phase of the second power supply, the first magnetic latching relay 9 is used to control the on and off of the first power supply, the second magnetic latching relay 10 is used to control the on and off of the second power supply, the first current transformer 11 is used to monitor the live wire A phase current of the load live wire A output terminal 15, the second current transformer 12 is used to monitor the live wire B phase current of the load live wire B output terminal 16, the third current transformer 13 is used to monitor the live wire C phase current of the load live wire C output terminal 17, the load neutral line output terminal 14 is used to provide a neutral line output to the load, the load live wire A output terminal 15 is used to provide a live wire A phase output to the load, the load live wire B output terminal 16 is used to provide a live wire B phase output to the load, and the load The live wire C output terminal 17 is used to provide the live wire C phase output to the load, the first silicone setting button 18 is used to set and adjust the parameters of the first power supply, the first LCD display 19 is used to display the working status and parameters of the first power supply, the second silicone setting button 20 is used to set and adjust the parameters of the second power supply, the second LCD display 21 is used to display the working status and parameters of the second power supply, the third silicone setting button 22 is used for switch setting and troubleshooting, and the microcomputer chip is used to receive signals from the first current transformer 11, the second current transformer 12 and the third current transformer 13, process user input, and control the action of the first magnetic latching relay 9 and the second magnetic latching relay 10.

[0046] Input terminals 1-8 are connected to corresponding power lines respectively, where the neutral line is connected through the neutral line input terminals 1 and 5, and the live line is connected through the live line input terminals 2-4 and 6-8.

[0047] The coils of the magnetic latching relays 9 and 10 are controlled to be attracted or released by the output of the microcomputer chip, thereby controlling the on and off of the corresponding power supply.

[0048] Current transformers 11-13 are respectively connected in series to the phase lines of the corresponding power sources to monitor the current magnitude.

[0049] Output terminals 14-17 are respectively connected to corresponding lines of load devices to provide power to the loads.

[0050] The setting buttons 18, 20, 22 and the liquid crystal display screens 19, 21 are connected to the microcomputer chip through internal circuits for human-computer interaction.

[0051] The input terminals (first neutral line N input terminal 1, first live line A input terminal 2, first live line B input terminal 3, first live line C input terminal 4, second neutral line N input terminal 5, second live line A input terminal 6, second live line B input terminal 7, second live line C input terminal 8) are used to connect two three-phase power sources and are the basis for the operation of this utility model. As the power access point, the input terminals are responsible for introducing external three-phase power into the device. The two input terminals are connected to two independent power sources, ensuring that in the event of a primary power failure, the backup power source can be quickly switched in, ensuring continuous power supply to the load.

[0052] Magnetic latching relays maintain their current state even when power is lost, making them suitable as control components for dual-power transfer switches. They are the core component for controlling the switching of two power sources. Compared to traditional circuit breaker mechanisms, they offer the following advantages:

[0053] Low power consumption: The magnetic latching relay does not need to be continuously powered when in the holding state, and the power consumption is extremely low, which meets the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0054] High reliability: The magnetic latching relay adopts a mechanical locking structure, which can maintain the current state even in the event of power failure, thereby improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0055] Fast switching: The magnetic latching relay operates quickly and can complete power switching in a very short time, ensuring the continuity of power supply to the load.

[0056] The current transformers (the first current transformer 11 , the second current transformer 12 and the third current transformer 13 ) are used to monitor the current of the input power supply in real time, and provide a protection and control basis for the microcomputer chip.

[0057] The current transformer is used to monitor the current of the input power supply in real time and has the following important functions:

[0058] Overload protection: When the input current exceeds the set value, the current transformer can quickly detect it and transmit the signal to the microcomputer chip, triggering the overload protection mechanism to prevent equipment damage.

[0059] Short circuit protection: In the event of a short circuit, the current transformer can detect abnormal current and trigger protection action, cutting off the fault power supply and protecting the safety of equipment and loads.

[0060] Current display: The current transformer transmits the real-time current value to the LCD screen, making it convenient for users to monitor the power status.

[0061] The output terminals (load neutral output terminal 14, load live wire A output terminal 15, load live wire B output terminal 16, and load live wire C output terminal 17) are connected to the load to ensure a stable power supply. The output terminals are responsible for delivering stable three-phase power to the load. Through reasonable electrical connections and protection mechanisms, continuous power supply to the load is ensured in a dual-power environment, improving system stability and reliability.

[0062] The setting buttons (first silicone setting button 18, second silicone setting button 20 and third silicone setting button 22) and the display screens (first LCD screen 19 and second LCD screen 21) provide users with an intuitive operation interface, which facilitates the configuration and monitoring of the present invention.

[0063] The setting buttons and display provide users with an intuitive operation interface with the following functions:

[0064] Parameter setting: Users can configure various parameters of the device through the setting button, such as overload current setting value, switching time, etc.

[0065] Status display: The LCD screen can display the power supply's working status, current value, fault information, etc. in real time, making it convenient for users to monitor the equipment's operation.

[0066] Troubleshooting: When a device fails, users can quickly locate the problem and troubleshoot it through the fault information on the display.

[0067] In a specific implementation, the microcomputer chip includes one of the STM32 series MCU, PIC series MCU and AVR series MCU. The microcomputer chip has the advantages of high performance, low power consumption and programmability, and can achieve precise control and protection of the utility model.

[0068] The microcomputer chip serves as the control core of the transfer switch of the utility model, and its control logic is as follows:

[0069] Initialization: After the power is turned on, the microcomputer chip performs initialization operations, including reading preset parameters, detecting the status of each component, etc.

[0070] Power supply monitoring: Monitor the voltage and current of the two power supplies through current transformers to determine whether the power supply is normal.

[0071] Switching control: When a power failure is detected, the magnetic latching relay is controlled to be closed or released according to the preset switching time and switching sequence to achieve automatic power switching.

[0072] Fault protection: When a power failure or a fault in the transfer switch is detected, the magnetic latching relay is controlled to release, the power output is cut off, and an alarm signal is issued.

[0073] Human-computer interaction: Receive user setting instructions and query requests, and display relevant information and parameters through the LCD screen.

[0074] A magnetic latching relay is a bistable relay. When the coil is energized, the relay closes; when the coil is de-energized, the relay remains in either the closed or released state (depending on the direction of coil power flow and magnetic circuit design). This characteristic gives magnetic latching relays the advantages of low power consumption and high reliability in applications where long-term hold times are required.

[0075] In the utility model, two magnetic latching relays are selected as the main switching elements of the first and second power supplies respectively. The output signal of the microcomputer chip controls the coils of the magnetic latching relays to be energized or de-energized, thereby realizing the switching control of the power supply.

[0076] The first magnetic latching relay 9 includes any one of: OMRON G6K series, TE Connectivity 74HC series, Panasonic AQW / ALQ series, Honeywell V3F series, Schneider Electric Zelio Smart series and Fujitsu MBG series.

[0077] The second magnetic latching relay 10 includes any one of: OMRON G6K series, TE Connectivity 74HC series, Panasonic AQW / ALQ series, Honeywell V3F series, Schneider Electric Zelio Smart series and Fujitsu MBG series.

[0078] During specific implementation, in order to achieve reliable control of the magnetic latching relay, a coil driving circuit and a state detection circuit may also be provided.

[0079] The coil drive circuit converts the microcomputer chip's output signal into a current signal capable of driving the magnetic latching relay coil. The coil drive circuit features overcurrent protection and reverse polarity protection to ensure safe operation of the coil. The coil drive circuit includes a driver chip, such as the BL8023, which connects the microcomputer chip's output signal to the driver chip's input. The driver chip then handles signal amplification and drive. The coil drive circuit is the core component of the magnetic latching relay's control, providing the necessary electromagnetic force to switch the relay's state.

[0080] The state detection circuit detects the current state of the magnetic latching relay (engaged or released). This circuit determines the relay's state by detecting changes in coil current or voltage and feeds this information back to the microcomputer chip. The optocoupler's input is connected in series with the relay's contacts, and its output is connected to the control system's input. The state detection circuit comprises an optocoupler, a resistor, and a diode. The resistor is connected in series across the optocoupler's light-emitting diode to limit current. The diode is connected in parallel with the optocoupler's input to provide reverse voltage protection. The state detection circuit monitors the current state of the magnetic latching relay (normally open or normally closed) and feeds this information back to the microcomputer chip.

[0081] The first current transformer 11 includes any one of an annular, cylindrical, split-and-closed, enclosed, and intelligent current transformers.

[0082] The second current transformer 12 includes any one of an annular, cylindrical, split-and-closed, enclosed, and intelligent current transformers.

[0083] The third current transformer 13 includes any one of an annular, cylindrical, split-and-closed, enclosed, and intelligent current transformers.

[0084] Toroidal current transformers offer advantages such as small size, light weight, and easy installation. Cylindrical current transformers offer high accuracy and a wide rated current range. Split-type current transformers feature a detachable structure, allowing for easy installation or removal without interrupting the circuit. Enclosed current transformers are encapsulated in an insulating container, providing excellent insulation and protection. Intelligent current transformers offer higher levels of data processing and management capabilities.

[0085] During specific implementation, the first current transformer 11 , the second current transformer 12 and the third current transformer 13 can be selected according to actual needs.

[0086] In practice, the transfer switch of this utility model is provided with a guide rail mounting slot, which is used to mount the transfer switch on the guide rail in an electrical cabinet or distribution box. This utility model transfer switch can be directly mounted on a standard electrical guide rail without the need for additional mounting brackets or bolts, and has the advantages of simple installation, small footprint, and convenient maintenance. Specific features are as follows:

[0087] Standardized design: The transfer switch adopts standard electrical rail size and can be easily installed in various electrical cabinets or distribution boxes.

[0088] Quick installation: The transfer switch can be installed on the guide rail through simple plug-in and pull-out operations, which greatly shortens the installation time.

[0089] Stable and reliable: The guide rail installation structure is stable, which can ensure the reliability of the transfer switch during long-term operation.

[0090] Easy to maintain: When repair or replacement is required, just pull the transfer switch out of the guide rail without removing other components.

[0091] In specific implementation, the utility model transfer switch also includes a magnetic latching relay drive circuit, which is controlled by a microcomputer chip and drives the first magnetic latching relay and the second magnetic latching relay by outputting high and low level signals. The magnetic latching relay drive circuit has the following characteristics:

[0092] Isolation protection: Use isolation components such as photocouplers to isolate the microcomputer chip from the relay circuit to prevent high-voltage circuits from interfering with and damaging the microcomputer chip.

[0093] Driving capability: The driving circuit has sufficient driving capability to ensure the reliable operation of the magnetic latching relay.

[0094] Fault detection: The drive circuit can detect the operating status of the relay and feed the signal back to the microcomputer chip for fault detection and protection.

[0095] In specific implementation, the magnetic latching relay drive circuit includes a photocoupler and a drive element. The output end of the microcomputer chip is connected to the input end of the drive element such as a transistor or MOSFET through the photocoupler, and the output end of the drive element is connected to the coil of the magnetic latching relay.

[0096] When the microcomputer chip outputs a high-level signal, the photocoupler's LED emits light, turning on the phototransistor, which in turn drives the base or gate of the transistor or MOSFET, causing conduction between its collector or drain and emitter or source. This allows the coil of the latching relay to receive sufficient current, generating a magnetic field that interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, closing or opening the relay contacts.

[0097] Conversely, when the microcomputer chip outputs a low-level signal, the photocoupler's LED turns off, the phototransistor turns off, and the transistor or MOSFET also turns off. At this point, the coil of the magnetic latching relay loses current, but due to its special magnetic latching characteristics, the contact state will remain unchanged until the next reverse signal is received.

[0098] During specific implementation, the switching switch of the present invention is also provided with a short-circuit protection circuit. The short-circuit protection circuit includes a fuse, a fast-acting fuse, a current-limiting resistor and an overcurrent protection chip. A fuse is an overcurrent protection component. When the current in the circuit exceeds its rated value, the fuse inside the fuse will quickly melt, thereby cutting off the circuit. A fast-acting fuse has a faster response speed and a higher breaking capacity. The current-limiting resistor is used to limit the current in the circuit to prevent damage to the components due to excessive current. The current-limiting resistor is connected in series at both ends of the relay coil to limit the current peak in the coil. Overcurrent protection chips such as PW1515, PW1558A, PW1605, etc. have functions such as overcurrent detection, delay judgment and output control. When it is detected that the current in the circuit exceeds the set value, the overcurrent protection chip will immediately cut off the output signal or issue an alarm signal, thereby protecting other components in the circuit from damage.

[0099] The operating principle of a short-circuit protection circuit is this: when a short circuit occurs, the short-circuit current rapidly increases and exceeds the set value. At this point, the fuse / fast-acting fuse blows, or the overcurrent protection chip issues a control signal, shutting off the power to the latching relay drive circuit or related components, thereby preventing further damage to the circuit. Furthermore, a current-limiting resistor can also limit the short-circuit current to a certain extent, mitigating the impact on the circuit.

[0100] The working principle of this utility model is:

[0101] Power supply connection: When two power supplies are connected to input terminals 1-4 and 5-8 respectively, the transfer switch is in standby state.

[0102] Microcomputer chip control: The microcomputer chip serves as the control core of the transfer switch and controls the magnetic latching relays 9 and 10 according to preset parameters and the current working state.

[0103] During normal operation: When the first power supply is normal, the microcomputer chip controls the first magnetic latching relay 9 to be energized, outputting the power of the first power supply to the load device; at the same time, the second magnetic latching relay 10 remains in the released state, and the second power supply is in the standby state.

[0104] Power switching: When a fault is detected in the first power supply, such as voltage anomaly or power outage, the microcomputer chip controls the first magnetic latching relay 9 to release and controls the second magnetic latching relay 10 to close, outputting the power of the second power supply to the load device, thereby realizing automatic power switching.

[0105] Fault alarm: When a power failure or a fault in the transfer switch itself is detected, the microcomputer chip displays the fault information through the LCD screens 19 and 21 and sends out an alarm signal.

[0106] Current monitoring and protection: Current transformers 11-13 monitor the power supply current in real time and feed the current signal back to the microcomputer chip. When the current exceeds a preset value, the microcomputer chip controls the magnetic latching relay to release, cutting off the power output to protect the load equipment and the transfer switch from damage.

[0107] Human-computer interaction: Users can set parameters and monitor the status of the transfer switch through buttons 18, 20, and 22 and LCD screens 19 and 21. For example, they can set parameters such as switching time and fault alarm mode; and they can view current operating status, power supply voltage, current, and other parameter information.

[0108] As can be seen, the present invention's rail-mounted intelligent three-phase dual-power transfer switch, controlled by a magnetic latching relay, integrates six functions: a three-phase electricity meter, a three-phase adjustable self-resetting overvoltage and undervoltage protector, a three-phase adjustable self-resetting current limiter, a temperature protection switch, an automatic phase priority switch, and a timer. Compared to existing single-phase 220V relay-based dual-power switches on the market, the three-phase dual-power transfer switch offers advantages: high power, high efficiency, and low line losses. Single-phase power is susceptible to load fluctuations, has poor stability, and high current, resulting in more significant line losses when transmitting the same power. Three-phase power offers greater stability, with a 120-degree phase difference (with a neutral line) ensuring stable and continuous current output, reducing fluctuations and providing good current balance with a zero vector sum. This results in higher efficiency and stability when loaded with motors. Three-phase power meets industrial requirements and is suitable for factories and large commercial facilities, where high energy consumption requires continuous and stable power. The development of a three-phase dual power supply is significantly more challenging than a single-phase dual power supply. This utility model breaks the conventional mechanical structure design and adopts a three-phase magnetic latching relay. The core three-phase magnetic latching relay is also more difficult to develop than the single-phase relay. Due to different scenarios, the stability requirements are also higher.

[0109] The utility model has the following beneficial effects through the design of the above embodiments:

[0110] It is small in size, light in weight and adopts DIN-rail installation. It can be freely matched with PZ30 distribution box or waterproof box. Compared with traditional three-phase dual power products that are large and heavy and must be used with large distribution boxes, it greatly saves labor costs and required material costs.

[0111] The main core power component used is a magnetic latching relay. Compared with the circuit breaker mechanism used in traditional three-phase dual power products, which uses a small industrial control relay to keep the power on for a long time to control the on and off state, the power consumption is lower and more energy-saving. The magnetic latching relay is a low-power, long-life, and overload-resistant energy-saving on-off switch. It controls the on and off state and maintains the state through instantaneous pulse drive. In addition, due to the mechanical structure of traditional three-phase dual power products, when the voltage is low or unstable, there will be jamming or action lag, resulting in incomplete protection and easily leading to safety accidents. The utility model is controlled by a microcomputer chip to drive the magnetic latching relay, which is more reliable in comparison.

[0112] Compared with the single mechanical conversion function of traditional three-phase dual power products, it adds conversion phase priority selection (any one of the two channels can be selected as priority), LCD data display and adjustment, overvoltage protection (overvoltage value is visible and adjustable within the range), undervoltage protection (undervoltage value is visible and adjustable within the range), overcurrent protection (overvoltage value is visible and adjustable within the range), three-phase unbalance protection (value is adjustable within the range), three-phase phase protection, delay protection, self-reset protection, energy metering and other comprehensive protections, and the data can be adjusted at will according to the actual power grid environment to meet the use of different environments, which is safer, more intelligent, humane and convenient.

[0113] While the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and equivalents may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, numerous modifications may be made to adapt the present invention to specific applications without departing from its scope. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein but encompasses all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay, characterized in that: include: Through the electrical connection of a three-phase electricity meter, a three-phase adjustable self-recovery over- and under-voltage protector, a three-phase adjustable self-recovery current limiting protector, a temperature protection switch, an automatic phase electricity fee priority selection switch and a timing switch, the three-phase electricity meter is used to measure the electric energy consumption in the three-phase circuit, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over- and under-voltage protector is used to protect the conversion switch from damage by abnormal voltage to ensure the stable operation of the power system, the three-phase adjustable self-recovery over- and under-voltage protector is used to limit the current in the conversion switch, the temperature protection switch is used to monitor the temperature of the conversion switch and automatically cut off the power supply when the temperature exceeds the set value, the automatic phase electricity fee priority selection switch is used to automatically select the phase with lower electricity fee according to the difference in electricity fees of each phase, and the timing switch is used to automatically cut off or connect the power supply at the set time to realize the timing control function.

2. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector includes a first three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector and a second three-phase adjustable self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protector.

3. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer switch further includes a microcomputer chip, a first neutral line N input terminal, a first live line A input terminal, a first live line B input terminal, a first live line C input terminal, a second neutral line N input terminal, a second live line A input terminal, a second live line B input terminal, a second live line C input terminal, a first magnetic latching relay, a second magnetic latching relay, a first current transformer, a second current transformer, a third current transformer, a load neutral line output terminal, a load live line A output terminal, a load live line B output terminal, a load live line C output terminal, a first silicone setting button, a first liquid crystal display, a second silicone setting button, a second liquid crystal display and a third Silicone setting button, the first neutral line N input terminal is used to connect the neutral line of the first power supply, the first live line A input terminal is used to connect the live line A phase of the first power supply, the first live line B input terminal is used to connect the live line B phase of the first power supply, the first live line C input terminal is used to connect the live line C phase of the first power supply, the second neutral line N input terminal is used to connect the neutral line of the second power supply, the second live line A input terminal is used to connect the live line A phase of the second power supply, the second live line B input terminal is used to connect the live line B phase of the second power supply, the second live line C input terminal is used to connect the live line C phase of the second power supply, the first The magnetic latching relay is used to control the on and off of the first power supply, the second magnetic latching relay is used to control the on and off of the second power supply, the first current transformer is used to monitor the live wire A phase current of the load live wire A output terminal, the second current transformer is used to monitor the live wire B phase current of the load live wire B output terminal, the third current transformer is used to monitor the live wire C phase current of the load live wire C output terminal, the load neutral line output terminal is used to provide a neutral line output to the load, the load live wire A output terminal is used to provide a live wire A phase output to the load, the load live wire B output terminal is used to provide a live wire B phase output to the load, and the load live wire C output terminal is used to A live C-phase output is provided to the load. The first silicone setting button is used to set and adjust the parameters of the first power supply. The first LCD display is used to display the operating status and parameters of the first power supply. The second silicone setting button is used to set and adjust the parameters of the second power supply. The second LCD display is used to display the operating status and parameters of the second power supply. The third silicone setting button is used to set and troubleshoot the switch. The microcomputer chip is used to receive signals from the first current transformer, the second current transformer, and the third current transformer, process user input, and control the operation of the first magnetic latching relay and the second magnetic latching relay.

4. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microcomputer chip includes one of: STM32 series MCU, PIC series MCU and AVR series MCU.

5. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first current transformer includes any one of an annular, cylindrical, split-and-closed, enclosed and intelligent current transformers.

6. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second current transformer includes any one of an annular, cylindrical, split-and-closed, enclosed and intelligent current transformers.

7. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third current transformer includes any one of an annular, cylindrical, split-and-closed, enclosed and intelligent current transformers.

8. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The transfer switch is provided with a guide rail mounting groove, and the guide rail mounting groove is used to install the transfer switch on a guide rail in an electrical cabinet or a distribution box.

9. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transfer switch further includes a magnetic latching relay drive circuit, which is controlled by the microcomputer chip and drives the first magnetic latching relay and the second magnetic latching relay by outputting high and low level signals.

10. The guide rail type intelligent three-phase dual power transfer switch controlled by a magnetic latching relay according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transfer switch is also provided with a short-circuit protection circuit.

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