Vehicle safety valve

Abstract

The utility model provides a vehicle safety valve. A fluid medium output end is formed on the first end face of a body; the valve body is tightly matched and fixed with the first end of the body, the other end of the valve body forms a fluid medium input end, and a gap is formed between the outline surface of the valve body and the inner cavity wall of the body and communicated with the fluid medium input end and the fluid medium output end; a widening part is formed at one end, close to the fluid medium input end, of the guide piece; the elastic part is located between the widening part and the valve body so as to overcome elastic deformation to drive the guide piece to generate displacement. The valve tightly abuts against the widening part, so that the fluid medium input end and the gap channel are communicated or cut off, the pressure relief pressure can be discharged into the valve body through the breathing hole, the pressure of the air inlet is rapidly reduced so that the valve can be rapidly closed, and rain, snow and dust are prevented from entering the valve body. The exhaust port is formed in the step face of the inner concave annular surface, the exhaust area is increased, meanwhile, the exhaust direction does not directly face the exhaust hole, the exhaust is converged from the two sides of the exhaust hole to the middle and then exhausted, and therefore the exhaust pressure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail vehicle safety equipment, in particular to a high-reliability vehicle safety valve. Background Art

[0002] The safety valve used on vehicles is actually a pressure relief structure in the fluid control valve. When the medium pressure in the pipeline or equipment rises above the safety value, the safety valve can prevent the medium pressure from exceeding the specified value by discharging the medium to the outside of the pipeline or equipment to protect the entire system and ensure the safe operation of the pneumatic system. Therefore, in the fields of rail transit, special vehicle equipment, etc., safety valves play a key role in preventing engine overheating and cooling system overpressure.

[0003] The exhaust port of a safety valve is usually exposed or open. For example, in the high-pressure safety valve disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN111963737A, "a protective cover 18 is movably connected to the outer wall of the valve body 1 through a thread. The protective cover 18 has a trumpet-shaped structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom and covers the outside of several exhaust channels 104. It can prevent dirt from clogging the exhaust channels 104 in harsh working environments, play a certain protective role, and ensure the long-term and safe operation of the high-pressure safety valve." However, the protective effect of the semi-enclosed open protective cover is very limited, especially in extremely cold conditions when facing rain and snow. Rain and snow will still enter the valve port through the opening of the protective cover; and in this existing structure, the opening direction of the protective cover restricts the installation direction of the safety valve. For example, a shock-proof low-temperature safety valve is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN204922121U, and specifically discloses a structure in which the valve port is perpendicular to the extension direction of the valve body. Although this structure has a gradually expanding opening structure in the axial direction of the valve body, it also has poor protection performance in extreme weather and scenarios with rapid changes in ambient temperature.

[0004] In view of this, the exhaust valve port of the safety valve should be improved to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle safety valve to solve at least one of the above problems.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the vehicle safety valve provided by the present invention includes at least one fluid medium input end and a fluid medium output end, and the direction from the fluid medium input end to the fluid medium output end is defined as the pressure relief direction. The vehicle safety valve includes: a body, which extends along the pressure relief direction to form a cavity, and at least one fluid medium output end and a first port are formed on the first end surface of the body; a valve body, which is hollow tubular and tightly fitted with the first end of the body, and the other end of the valve body is further extended to form a hollow fluid medium input end, and the valve body is at least partially placed in the inner cavity of the body, and the outer contour surface of the valve body and the inner cavity wall of the body are arranged to be in contact with each other to form a gap, and the gap forms a continuous a gap channel connecting the fluid medium input end and the fluid medium output end; a guide member, which is a long straight member extending in the tubular inner cavity of the valve body along the pressure relief direction toward the fluid medium input end, and the guide member body forms a widened portion at one end close to the fluid medium input end; an elastic portion, both ends of the elastic portion are located between the widened portion and the valve body, so that the elastic portion overcomes the force generated by the elastic deformation when the pressure changes, and drives the guide member to generate displacement in the tubular inner cavity of the valve body; a valve, which is located in the valve body and is configured to tightly abut against the widened portion and, as the fluid pressure of the fluid medium input end changes, connect or cut off the fluid medium input end and the gap channel.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a manual valve, which extends from the first opening of the main body and engages with the guide member through a retaining ring, wherein the valve body and the main body are matched with internal and external threads and are fixed by an adjusting nut, and the manual valve controls the rotation of the adjusting nut to adjust the tightness of the fit between the valve body and the main body.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of this solution, it also includes a dustproof part, which is a membrane-like part covering the first end of the main body and forming a recess along the pressure relief direction. The hollow part of the dustproof part is connected to the first through port to form a through-hole. The first end of the main body includes a plurality of fluid medium output ends, and the plurality of fluid medium output ends are arranged around the first through port and distributed circumferentially along the first end face of the main body. The manual valve presses the dustproof part onto the first end face of the main body and covers the plurality of fluid medium output ends.

[0009] As a further feature of this solution, the end surface of the first end of the body is gradually concave along the pressure relief direction to form a stepped surface, and each fluid medium output end is at least partially opened on the step surface of the stepped surface.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of this solution, the widened portion is a top block and is arranged at the head end of the guide member facing one end of the valve, the widened portion further extends from the head end to form a conical end, and the valve forms a bowl-shaped recessed portion at the abutment position with the widened portion, and the tight abutment between the valve and the widened portion is configured such that the conical end extends into the recessed portion and abuts against the bottom of the bowl.

[0011] As another preferred embodiment of this solution, at least one breathing hole is formed on the valve body, and the breathing hole is a through hole that gradually expands from the inner cavity of the valve body to the outside, and connects the inner cavity of the valve body and the gap channel.

[0012] Compared to existing technologies, the preferred embodiment of this utility model provides a segmented safety valve with rapid reclosing and controllable pressure relief for the exhaust port of a vehicle safety valve. Structurally, the dust-proof diaphragm is pressed into the exhaust port, and the outer shell eliminates the external exposure of the exhaust port and valve assembly. The design of the breathing hole allows for rapid and buffered pressure relief. While ensuring effective pressure relief, the passage between the air inlet and exhaust port is reclosed more quickly, effectively protecting the air inlet and exhaust ports of the safety valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of a vehicle safety valve according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the partial cross-sectional structure of the housing in the preferred embodiment;

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram, schematically showing the main structure of the valve body in this preferred embodiment;

[0016] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure of the vehicle safety valve in the pressure relief state is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To address the aforementioned issues with open exhaust ports, a readily conceivable technical solution is to configure the exhaust port with a removable, removable structure that opens when pressure relief is required and remains closed when not. However, regulations regarding safety valve performance require that the opening and discharge requirements meet certain standards. For example, the safety valve's opening deviation must be within ±3% of the calibrated value, the maximum discharge value must be less than or equal to +10% of the calibrated value, and the maximum closing value must be greater than or equal to -10% of the calibrated value. Furthermore, special-purpose and rail transit vehicles operate under complex operating conditions, with a wide range of environmental and temperature conditions and frequent operational changes. Both the vehicle body and chassis require regular cleaning. Water and liquid accumulation near the exhaust port during cleaning can easily cause corrosion to structural components such as the valve body. Furthermore, in environments with fluctuating ambient temperatures, the valve port can easily freeze partially or completely, compromising the exhaust pressure relief effect. Therefore, improvements to existing structures should not simply focus on improving the exhaust port's protection through sealing measures or reducing the exhaust port diameter. A balance must be struck between opening protection and required discharge volume.

[0018] The preferred embodiment of the present invention recognizes that a controllable sealing means that can close faster should be sought, and by configuring the size of the preset pressure of the manual valve, different pressure-bearing modes are configured for the sealing means, so as to cooperate with the breathing port to meet different exhaust pressure requirements while solving the protection problem of the exhaust port by quickly releasing pressure to close the exhaust channel.

[0019] The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Furthermore, throughout this specification, the drawings are not drawn to scale, and like reference numerals represent like parts.

[0020] It should be noted that the expressions "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to distinguish two non-identical entities or non-identical parameters with the same name. It can be seen that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the utility model. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this one by one.

[0021] See Figure 1 ,according to Figure 1The direction of display defines the exhaust port at the upper end of the cross-sectional structure and the air inlet at the lower end of the cross-sectional structure. When the safety valve is actuated, the air inlet serves as the air pressure input port, and the pressure at the exhaust port serves as the output port. The gas pressure is discharged from the air inlet port and eventually released from the exhaust port. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the direction from the air inlet port to the exhaust port is defined as the pressure relief direction. Regarding the pressure relief direction, the vehicle safety valve shown in this preferred embodiment generally includes a valve body 100 and a housing 200 that covers the safety valve body and is disposed around the valve body. The valve body 100 is the actuator. During assembly, the valve body 100 extends from an opening formed at one end of the housing 200, maintaining a portion of the valve body 100 within the inner cavity of the housing 200, while the remaining portion of the valve body 100 extends from the opening on this side of the housing 200.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the valve body 100 further extends in the opposite direction of the pressure relief direction to form a hollow opening, which is also the air inlet 101. The inner diameter of the air inlet 101 forms an annular flange 102, which abuts against the bottom of the valve 103 to form a seal. The outer profile of the air inlet 101 expands outward in its radial direction to form a widened portion 104. The bottom of the widened portion is retracted toward the axis of the opening to form an inward retracted portion 105. At the same time, the edge of the opening of the shell 200 is also tightened inward to form a tightening portion 201. In this way, during assembly, the valve body 100 and the shell 200 are screwed together and fixed together by threaded engagement. At this time, the end faces of the inward retracted portion 105 and the tightening portion 201 are in close contact with each other to form a seal. On the other hand, when the valve body 100 and the shell 200 are assembled, the outer contour surface of the valve body 100 and the inner cavity surface of the shell 200 are in contact with each other and maintain a gap. Therefore, in the pressure relief direction, the gap in the shell 200 is connected as a whole to form a gap channel 300 connecting from the air inlet 101 to the exhaust port, which is also a fluid channel for pressure relief.

[0023] Let's talk about the housing 200 first. Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view, schematically showing the partial cross-sectional structure of the shell in this preferred embodiment. In this figure, any diameter in the radial direction of the shell 200 is selected to cut the shell 200 along the axial direction. As shown in the figure, the shell 200 is a hollow sleeve with one side open, including an open end for the valve body 100 to pass through, and a closed end with a through hole formed in the center. In this embodiment, the end face of the closed end will be concave toward the side where the open end is located, and form a multi-level surface of inner and outer rings that are gradually concave from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side. In other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the end face of the closed end can also be a single ring surface or a multi-ring surface with an overall flat end face but partially concave. The annular recessed portion of the surface will form a stepped table or step surface at the recessed position. The through hole formed in the center of the end face is defined as the first opening 202. The first opening 202 allows the manual valve to pass through it, and this part will be explained later. Continue to refer to Figure 2 The plurality of exhaust ports 203 are distributed circumferentially around the first opening 202, and in the preferred embodiment, the exhaust ports 203 are configured such that a portion of the exhaust ports 203 is opened in the concave portion of the end surface, while the remaining portion is formed on the stepped surface. Figure 2 Replay Figure 1 Since the side end surface of the valve body is also covered with a dustproof diaphragm 400, when the dustproof diaphragm is covered on the side end surface of the valve body, the dustproof diaphragm 400 is covered on the side end surface of the valve body. Figure 2 When the dustproof diaphragm 400 is pressed against the exhaust port as shown, the manual valve will press the dustproof diaphragm 400 tightly against the exhaust port. However, in the direction of pressure relief and exhaust, a gap will be maintained between the surface of the dustproof diaphragm 400 and the end face of the valve body. This, on the one hand, increases the exhaust diameter, and on the other hand, prevents the pressure of the high-pressure gas from passing directly in a single direction toward the exhaust port 203 during pressure relief. Instead, due to the presence of the stepped surface, some gas will enter from both sides and form a small convection in the area between the dustproof diaphragm 400 and the exhaust port 203, thereby relieving the exhaust pressure when the air pressure is high. In addition, a threaded portion 204 is formed on the inner wall of the housing 200. The threaded portion 204 is used to adapt to the threaded portion on the valve body 100, so that the valve body 100 and the housing 200 are combined to form a whole.

[0024] As previously mentioned, the valve body 100 is inserted from the open end of the housing 200. Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram schematically shows the main structure of the valve body in the preferred embodiment. Figure 3 In the direction of display, the valve body 100 from bottom to top corresponds to the pressure relief direction. In this direction, the valve body 100 includes the aforementioned air inlet 101 at the bottom, the multi-stage valve body structure above the air inlet, and the connection part at the top. Figure 3 Replay Figure 1 The connecting portion 106 is an annular opening, and the inner wall and outer wall of the connecting portion 106 respectively form threaded connecting portions, wherein, as mentioned above, the thread formed on the outer wall annular surface is used to adapt to the threaded portion on the inner cavity wall of the shell 200; the internal thread formed on the inner wall annular surface of the connecting portion 106 is used to cooperate with the adjusting nut to tighten, which part will be explained later.

[0025] Combine Figure 3 Replay Figure 1The aforementioned manual valve 500 is installed within the valve body connection portion 106. After passing through the central opening of the dustproof diaphragm 400 and the first port 202 of the housing 200, the manual valve 500 is clamped and fixed by a retaining ring, pressing the dustproof diaphragm 400 against the housing 200. At the same time, a rod-shaped member passes through the center of the manual valve 500 and extends into the inner cavity of the valve body 100. This rod-shaped member is the guide rod 600. The head end of the guide rod 600 extending into the valve body 100 is riveted with a top block 601. The top block 601 includes a conical end portion 6011 and a widened connection portion 106 riveted to the guide rod 600. In the vertical direction, the widened connection portion 106 gradually tapers inward from both sides of the guide rod 600, thereby forming a multi-step circular step at the location where it is riveted to the guide rod 600. A spring 800 is sandwiched between the bottom surface of the widened connecting portion 106 and the notch on the top surface of the adjusting nut 700. The pre-set deformation of the spring 800 causes the tapered end 6011 of the widened connecting portion 106 to maintain a downward movement. Driven by this elastic force, the tapered end 6011 inserts into the bowl-shaped recess on the surface of the valve 103, forming a tight abutment.

[0026] After assembly, the top block is pressed against the annular flange in the air inlet 101 of the valve body 100, that is, in the non-pressure state, the communication between the gap channel 300 and the air inlet 101 is cut off, and the cut-off state is also Figure 1 When the pressure of the air inlet 101 gradually increases and gradually increases to a pressure greater than the elastic deformation force of the spring 800, the top block 601 will be pushed up, so that the air inlet 101 and the gap channel 300 are connected. This state can be seen in FIG. Figure 4 The status displayed. Figure 4 The arrows in the figure show the flow trajectory of the gas in the valve body. As shown in the figure, due to the conduction between the air inlet 101 and the gap channel 300, the gas will quickly enter the gap channel 300 and be discharged from the exhaust port 203 at the top. Figure 1 and Figure 4 As can be seen in the figure, two breathing holes are provided on the sidewall of the valve body 100. These holes are through-holes that gradually expand outward from the inner cavity of the valve body, connecting the inner cavity of the valve body 100 with the clearance passage. The function of the breathing holes 107 is that when the input air pressure at the air inlet 101 increases rapidly, a portion of the airflow will be discharged into the inner cavity of the valve body 100 through the breathing holes 107, providing a rapid pressure relief. This will quickly reduce the air pressure at the air inlet 101, allowing the top block 601 to return to its initial position more quickly and restore the sealed state between the top block 601 and the valve body 100.

[0027] After the vehicle has been running for a long time, or when the environmental conditions change, the manual valve can be adjusted to change the pressure relief threshold of the safety valve. The specific adjustment method can be to further tighten the manual valve, so that the deformation of the spring will be further compressed, so that the pressure of the widened connection part on the guide rod end on the top block will also increase, and the pressure relief valve has a larger pressure relief threshold; correspondingly, when it is necessary to lower the maximum pressure relief threshold of the pressure relief valve, the tight fit of the manual valve can also be appropriately released, so that the safety valve will release pressure faster and more frequently. The adjustment method can also be that in some scenarios, the manual valve can be manually adjusted to manually release the pressure when the safety valve is not open. In some special scenarios, adjusting the manual valve to adjust the pressure relief threshold of the safety valve to the maximum can be regarded as temporarily closing the safety valve by manual control.

[0028] Compared with the existing technology, in the vehicle safety valve of this solution, the dust-proof diaphragm is pressed into the exhaust port, and the setting of the outer shell makes the exhaust port and the valve assembly no longer exposed externally, and the design of the breathing hole can quickly release pressure and buffer the pressure relief. Under the premise of ensuring the pressure relief effect, the channel between the air inlet and the exhaust port is closed more quickly, effectively protecting the air inlet and exhaust ports of the safety valve.

[0029] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle safety valve, comprising at least one fluid medium input end and one fluid medium output end, wherein the direction from the fluid medium input end to the fluid medium output end is defined as a pressure relief direction, characterized in that: The vehicle safety valve comprises: A body, wherein the body extends along the pressure relief direction to form a cavity, and at least one fluid medium output end and a first opening are formed on a first end surface of the body; a valve body, which is hollow and tubular and tightly fitted with a first end of the body, and further extends at its other end to form a hollow fluid medium input end, and is at least partially disposed within the inner cavity of the body, wherein the outer profile of the valve body and the inner cavity wall of the body are disposed in abutment with each other to form a gap, and wherein the gap forms a gap channel connecting the fluid medium input end and the fluid medium output end; a guide member, the guide member being a long straight member extending in the tubular inner cavity of the valve body along the pressure relief direction toward the fluid medium input end, and the guide member body having a widened portion formed at one end thereof close to the fluid medium input end; an elastic portion, with both ends of the elastic portion located between the widened portion and the valve body, so that when the elastic portion is subjected to pressure changes, the force generated by elastic deformation is overcome to drive the guide member to move in the tubular inner cavity of the valve body; The valve is located in the valve body and is configured to tightly abut against the widened portion and to connect or cut off the fluid medium input end and the gap channel as the fluid pressure at the fluid medium input end changes.

2. The vehicle safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a manual valve, which extends from the first opening of the body and engages with the guide member through a retaining ring, wherein: The valve body and the main body are matched with internal and external threads and are fixedly connected by an adjusting nut. The manual valve controls the rotation of the adjusting nut to adjust the tightness of the fit between the valve body and the main body.

3. The vehicle safety valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a dustproof member, which is a membrane-like member covering the first end of the body and forming a recess along the pressure relief direction. The hollow portion of the dustproof member is connected to the first through port to form a through port. The first end of the body includes a plurality of fluid medium output ports, which are arranged around the first through port and distributed circumferentially along the first end surface of the body. The manual valve presses the dustproof component onto the first end surface of the body and covers a plurality of the fluid medium output ends.

4. The vehicle safety valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The end surface of the first end of the body is gradually concave in the pressure relief direction to form a stepped surface, and each fluid medium output end is at least partially opened on the step surface of the stepped surface.

5. The vehicle safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The widened portion is a top block and is provided at the head end portion of the guide member facing one end of the valve. The widened portion further extends from the head end portion to form a tapered end portion. The valve forms a bowl-shaped recessed portion at the position where it abuts the widened portion, and the valve and the widened portion are tightly abutted against each other in such a manner that the conical end extends into the recessed portion and abuts against the bottom of the bowl.

6. The vehicle safety valve according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 5, characterized in that: At least one breathing hole is formed on the valve body. The breathing hole is a through hole that gradually expands from the inner cavity of the valve body to the outside and connects the inner cavity of the valve body and the gap channel.

Images