Composite heat insulation sheet, battery and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a composite heat insulation sheet, a battery and a vehicle. The composite heat insulation sheet comprises a heat insulation sheet, the phase change sheet, the heat insulation sheet and the phase change sheet are all of a sheet structure, and the heat insulation sheet and the phase change sheet are arranged in an attached mode in the respective thickness direction. The sealing piece comprises a first sealing strip attached to the top of the heat insulation piece and the top of the phase change piece, and / or the sealing piece comprises a second sealing strip attached to the side portion of the heat insulation piece and the side portion of the phase change piece. Through the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem that a heat resisting sheet in the related technology has relatively large limitation on thermal runaway can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a composite heat insulation sheet, a battery and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Batteries, especially lithium-ion batteries, are widely used in new energy vehicles due to their energy efficiency, high specific energy and power, long life, light weight, and compact size. While the safety of lithium-ion batteries has significantly improved after years of development, they still pose the risk of thermal runaway, including combustion and explosion, under extreme conditions.

[0003] In related technologies, in the case of thermal runaway, by sandwiching a thermal insulation sheet between two adjacent battery cells, the spread caused by thermal runaway of a single battery cell can be prevented, the performance of new energy vehicles can be greatly improved, and the safety of people's lives can be guaranteed.

[0004] However, thermal insulation sheets used in related technologies have significant limitations in preventing thermal runaway. Higher-energy-density cells require thicker insulation sheets, which not only takes up space in the battery pack and reduces energy density, but also results in insufficient cooling of runaway cells, leading to severe damage to the casing. Severe casing damage can prevent the accumulated heat from thermal runaway within multiple cells from dissipating, increasing the risk of subsequent conductive heat spread. Furthermore, the unpredictable direction of the heat release caused by the damaged casing also poses a risk of convective thermal shock. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a composite heat-insulating sheet, a battery and a vehicle, so as to solve the problem that the heat-insulating sheet in the related art has great limitations in resisting thermal runaway.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a composite thermal insulation sheet is provided, which includes: a thermal insulation sheet; a phase change sheet, wherein the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet are both sheet-like structures, and the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet are fitted together in their respective thickness directions; a sealing member, wherein the sealing member includes a first sealing strip fitted on the top of the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet, and / or the sealing member includes a second sealing strip fitted on the side of the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet.

[0007] Furthermore, the phase change sheet includes a water-based phase change sheet.

[0008] Furthermore, the thermal insulation sheet includes a pre-oxidized fiber substrate and an aerogel filled in the pre-oxidized fiber substrate.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the heat insulation sheet is between 1 mm and 3 mm; and / or the thickness of the phase change sheet is between 2 mm and 5 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the composite thermal insulation sheet also includes a third sealing strip, which is attached to the bottom of the thermal insulation sheet.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery is provided, comprising: a plurality of battery cells; and a composite thermal insulation sheet disposed between two adjacent battery cells, wherein the composite thermal insulation sheet is the composite thermal insulation sheet provided above.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery also includes a cooling plate, which is arranged at the bottom of the multiple battery cells, and the phase change sheet of the composite thermal insulation sheet is in contact with the cooling plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a thermal conductive adhesive is provided on the upper surface of the cooling plate, and the phase change sheet is in contact with the cooling plate via the thermal conductive adhesive.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the battery cell is flush with the first sealing strip of the composite thermal insulation sheet, and the side of the battery cell is flush with the second sealing strip of the composite thermal insulation sheet.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, comprising: a vehicle body; and a battery arranged on the vehicle body, the battery being the battery provided above.

[0016] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the composite thermal insulation sheet includes a thermal insulation sheet and a phase change sheet. Both the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet are sheet-like structures, and the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet are bonded together in their respective thickness directions. The composite thermal insulation sheet combines the characteristics of the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet. It can not only effectively isolate heat by using the thermal insulation sheet, but also absorb and release heat through the phase change sheet to achieve temperature regulation, thereby solving the problem that the thermal insulation sheet in the related art has great limitations on thermal runaway. In addition, since the seal includes a first sealing strip bonded to the top of the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet, and / or the seal includes a second sealing strip bonded to the side of the thermal insulation sheet and the phase change sheet. The use of the seal can improve the sealing effect between the composite thermal insulation sheet and the battery cell, thereby further improving the thermal insulation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting part of this application are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 The following is a schematic structural diagram of a composite heat-insulating sheet provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a composite thermal insulation sheet provided by an embodiment of the present utility model from another perspective is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present utility model is shown, without showing a cooling plate;

[0021] Figure 4A schematic structural diagram of a battery cooling plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present utility model from another perspective is shown.

[0024] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 10. Thermal insulation sheet; 20. Phase change sheet; 30. Sealing element; 31. First sealing strip; 32. Second sealing strip; 40. Battery cell; 50. Cooling plate; 51. Water inlet; 52. Water outlet; 60. Thermal conductive adhesive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite thermal insulation sheet, which includes a thermal insulation sheet 10 and a phase change sheet 20. The thermal insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20 are both sheet-shaped structures and are arranged in a laminated manner in their respective thickness directions. The sealing member 30 includes a first sealing strip 31 affixed to the top of the thermal insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20, and / or includes a second sealing strip 32 affixed to the sides of the thermal insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20.

[0028] The composite thermal insulation sheet provided in this embodiment combines the characteristics of the thermal insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20. Not only does it effectively isolate heat using the thermal insulation sheet 10, but it also absorbs and releases heat through the phase change sheet 20 to achieve temperature regulation. After a battery experiences thermal runaway, the composite thermal insulation sheet can be used to cool and insulate the battery, thereby resolving the significant limitations of thermal insulation sheets in related technologies in preventing thermal runaway. Furthermore, the use of a sealant 30 enhances the sealing between the composite thermal insulation sheet and the battery cell, further improving the thermal insulation effect.

[0029] The composite thermal insulation sheet provided in this embodiment can effectively regulate the temperature of the battery and improve the thermal stability of the battery. It is suitable for scenarios requiring efficient thermal management, such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems.

[0030] It should be noted that the heat insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20 are laminated together in their respective thickness directions, which means that the larger surface of the heat insulation sheet 10 and the larger surface of the phase change sheet 20 are laminated together.

[0031] In this embodiment, the seal 30 includes a first sealing strip 31 attached to the top of the thermal insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20, and a second sealing strip 32 attached to the side of the thermal insulation sheet 10 and the phase change sheet 20. This can improve the sealing effect.

[0032] In this embodiment, the phase change sheet 20 comprises a water-based phase change sheet. Water-based phase change sheets have high heat capacity and good chemical stability, allowing them to absorb and release heat more efficiently, helping to maintain stable battery operation over a wider temperature range. They are particularly suitable for environments with high temperatures or large temperature fluctuations, such as electric vehicle battery packs in summer.

[0033] Water-based phase change sheets contain inorganic phase change materials and water to dissolve them. They possess the appropriate compressibility to absorb the pressure generated by the battery cell's expansion and breathing. Their excellent thermal conductivity at room temperature also extends the battery cell's cycle life.

[0034] In this embodiment, the thermal insulation sheet 10 comprises a pre-oxidized fiber substrate and an aerogel filled within the pre-oxidized fiber substrate, both secured together by an encapsulating material. The pre-oxidized fiber substrate, combined with the aerogel's low thermal conductivity, forms a highly effective thermal insulation layer, significantly reducing the battery's temperature gradient and the risk of thermal runaway. This makes it suitable for applications requiring high thermal insulation performance, such as electric vehicle battery packs.

[0035] The thickness of the thermal insulation sheet 10 is between 1mm and 3mm, and the thickness of the phase change sheet 20 is between 2mm and 5mm. This thickness design not only ensures the thermal insulation and phase change performance of the composite thermal insulation sheet, but also ensures its good adaptability and installation convenience in the battery pack.

[0036] Specifically, the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet 10 can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, or any other value between 1 mm and 3 mm. The thermal insulation sheet 10 has good thermal insulation performance and does not occupy too much internal space of the battery due to being too thick.

[0037] Specifically, the thickness of the phase change sheet 20 can be 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, or any other value between 2mm and 5mm. The phase change sheet 20 has good phase change performance and does not occupy too much internal space of the battery due to being too thick.

[0038] In other embodiments, the composite thermal insulation sheet further includes a third sealing strip, which is attached to the bottom of the thermal insulation sheet 10. The addition of the third sealing strip further enhances the sealing performance of the composite thermal insulation sheet and improves the reliability and service life of the battery pack.

[0039] In this embodiment, no third sealing strip is provided on the bottom of the composite thermal insulation sheet.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first sealing strip, the second sealing strip, and the third sealing strip are all silicone strips.

[0041] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides a battery comprising a plurality of battery cells 40 and a composite thermal insulation sheet disposed between two adjacent battery cells 40. The composite thermal insulation sheet is the composite thermal insulation sheet provided above. The use of the composite thermal insulation sheet can significantly improve the thermal management performance of the battery, reduce heat conduction between battery cells, and avoid battery performance degradation and safety hazards caused by local overheating. The composite thermal insulation sheet is suitable for batteries requiring high energy density and high safety, such as electric vehicle power batteries.

[0042] It should be noted that the composite heat-insulating sheet is disposed between the large surfaces of two adjacent battery cells 40. The specific thickness of the composite heat-insulating sheet is determined by the energy density of the battery cells used.

[0043] In other embodiments, the composite thermal insulation sheet may be disposed between the side surfaces of two adjacent battery cells 40 .

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the battery also includes a cooling plate 50, which is disposed at the bottom of the multiple battery cells 40. The phase change sheet 20 of the composite thermal insulation sheet contacts the cooling plate 50. The direct contact between the phase change sheet 20 and the cooling plate 50 can more effectively transfer heat generated by the battery cells 40 to the cooling plate 50, achieving rapid heat dissipation and improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the battery.

[0045] like Figure 4 In this embodiment, thermally conductive adhesive 60 is provided on the upper surface of the cooling plate 50, and the phase change sheet 20 contacts the cooling plate 50 through the thermally conductive adhesive 60. The use of thermally conductive adhesive 60 not only enhances heat conduction between the phase change sheet 20 and the cooling plate 50, but also improves the installation stability of the composite thermal insulation sheet.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, a water inlet 51 and a water outlet 52 are provided on the cooling plate 50 .

[0047] To facilitate understanding of the battery provided in this embodiment, the following is an explanation of the assembly process:

[0048] First, apply thermal conductive adhesive 60 evenly on the bottom cooling plate 50, assemble the composite thermal insulation sheet and the battery cell 40 and place them in the tray. It is preferred that the battery cell be placed vertically with the explosion-proof valve facing upwards. The battery cell can be placed flat or upside down with the explosion-proof valve facing the side or bottom. The bottom phase change sheet area needs to be in full contact with the thermal conductive adhesive for better heat dissipation, so no silicone strip is added to block it.

[0049] After thermal runaway, the phase change sheet 20 absorbs heat through two phases and then dissipates the heat from the cooling plate 50 through the thermal conductive adhesive. The remaining heat is insulated by itself and the thermal insulation sheet 10 to prevent it from being transferred to the next battery cell 40, ensuring that thermal runaway does not occur and heat spreads.

[0050] Furthermore, the use of composite thermal insulation sheets can reduce the energy consumption of battery cooling systems, reduce the overall weight of batteries, and improve vehicle range and power performance, making a significant contribution to the sustainable development of electric transportation. In a wider range of industrial applications, such as data centers, solar energy storage systems, and wind power generation and storage systems, composite thermal insulation sheets can also leverage their advantages in thermal management and energy storage, promoting efficient energy utilization and environmental protection.

[0051] In this embodiment, the top of the battery cell 40 is flush with the first sealing strip 31 of the composite thermal insulation sheet, and the side of the battery cell 40 is flush with the second sealing strip 32 of the composite thermal insulation sheet. This prevents smoke from thermal runaway from entering the large surfaces of adjacent cells. This design ensures a tight fit between the composite thermal insulation sheet and the battery cell 40, improving the battery's sealing and thermal management performance.

[0052] It should be noted that in related technologies, to mitigate thermal safety issues in high-nickel systems, large cold plate integration is often employed. However, the inventors have discovered that the large number of large cold plates and numerous water tap connections can easily lead to leakage and short circuit risks, which can be even more serious for high-voltage platform battery packs. The battery provided in this embodiment, connected to a cooling plate 50, can rapidly dissipate heat and provide insulation even in the event of thermal runaway, effectively addressing the safety issues of high-energy battery cells and protecting the battery pack.

[0053] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a battery, wherein the battery is mounted on the vehicle body and is the battery provided above. By utilizing a battery with a composite thermal insulation sheet in a vehicle, vehicle safety can be significantly improved, reducing malfunctions and accidents caused by battery overheating.

[0054] Among them, the vehicle is an electric vehicle, including but not limited to electric cars, electric buses, and electric trucks.

[0055] In summary, the composite thermal insulation sheet of the present application replaces the traditional thermal insulation sheet through its unique design, and is then connected to the cooling plate through thermal conductive adhesive, which can solve the problem of thermal runaway spread of high-nickel battery cells and effectively increase the safety performance of the battery pack. Moreover, it can significantly improve the performance of the battery at multiple levels, and plays an important role in promoting the development and application of new energy technologies. Whether from the perspective of improving energy efficiency, extending battery life, improving safety, or from the perspective of reducing environmental impact and improving user experience, the composite thermal insulation sheet has demonstrated its broad application prospects and potential market value.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0057] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0059] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0060] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite thermal insulation sheet, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation sheet comprises: Thermal insulation sheet (10); A phase change sheet (20), wherein the heat insulation sheet (10) and the phase change sheet (20) are both sheet-shaped structures, and the heat insulation sheet (10) and the phase change sheet (20) are arranged in a laminated manner in their respective thickness directions; A seal (30), wherein the seal (30) includes a first sealing strip (31) affixed to the top of the thermal insulation sheet (10) and the phase change sheet (20), and / or the seal (30) includes a second sealing strip (32) affixed to the side of the thermal insulation sheet (10) and the phase change sheet (20).

2. The composite thermal insulation sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change sheet (20) comprises a water-based phase change sheet.

3. The composite thermal insulation sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation sheet (10) comprises a pre-oxidized silk substrate and an aerogel filled in the pre-oxidized silk substrate.

4. The composite thermal insulation sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the thermal insulation sheet (10) is between 1 mm and 3 mm; and / or, The thickness of the phase change sheet (20) is between 2 mm and 5 mm.

5. The composite thermal insulation sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation sheet also includes a third sealing strip, and the third sealing strip is attached to the bottom of the thermal insulation sheet (10).

6. A battery, characterized in that: The battery comprises: a plurality of battery cells (40); A composite thermal insulation sheet is provided between two adjacent battery cells (40), wherein the composite thermal insulation sheet is the composite thermal insulation sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The battery according to claim 6, characterized in that The battery further comprises a cooling plate (50), wherein the cooling plate (50) is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery cells (40), and the phase change sheet (20) of the composite heat insulation sheet is in contact with the cooling plate (50).

8. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that A heat-conducting adhesive (60) is provided on the upper surface of the cooling plate (50), and the phase change sheet (20) is in contact with the cooling plate (50) via the heat-conducting adhesive (60).

9. The battery according to claim 6, characterized in that The top of the battery core (40) is flush with the first sealing strip (31) of the composite thermal insulation sheet, and the side of the battery core (40) is flush with the second sealing strip (32) of the composite thermal insulation sheet.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises: vehicle body; A battery is provided on the vehicle body, wherein the battery is the battery according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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