Soil sample pretreatment device
By designing a soil sample pretreatment device and using a stirring component and a grinding component to achieve uniform crushing of the soil sample, the problems of time-consuming manual grinding and uneven particle size are solved, the detection accuracy is improved and labor costs are saved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422219388.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing soil sample grinding process is time-consuming and manual, resulting in uneven powder particle size, which affects detection accuracy.
A soil sample pretreatment device is designed, which includes a stirring component, a filter and a grinding component. The stirring blade disperses the soil sample, the filter screen sieves the bulky particles, and the grinding component grinds the sample into a uniform powder, which is finally collected by the filter screen.
The soil sample powder particle size is uniform, the accuracy of the test results is improved, labor costs are saved, and the processing speed is faster.
Smart Images
Figure CN223300035U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a soil sample pre-processing device. Background Art
[0002] Soil has a complex composition, primarily consisting of solid, liquid, and gas phases: organic matter, minerals, water, and air, resulting from the decomposition of plant and animal debris. Soil testing primarily measures factors affecting soil quality, assesses the extent of soil contamination by measuring representative soils, and analyzes changing trends. The article "Soil Testing and Its Significance for Environmental Protection," published in the fourth issue of the 2024 issue of the journal Heilongjiang Environmental Bulletin, states that soil testing provides an important basis for environmental protection and enhances its accuracy. Common soil testing methods include physical properties, chemical composition, and biological characteristics.
[0003] The soil matrix composition is complex, and the content of many pollutants is very small. Therefore, no matter which of the above soil detection methods is adopted, it is not possible to use analytical instruments directly for measurement, and a series of pre-treatments are required for the soil samples. The current sample preparation procedures in the soil detection pre-treatment process include: 1. Soil sample collection: After the sampler sends the sample to the management personnel, the sample manager should register the sample, and then fill out the sample preparation notice and hand it over to the sample preparation personnel. The sample preparation personnel prepare the sample according to the following steps; 2. Drying the wet sample: Place the wet sample on the sample drying tray in the drying room, spread it into a thin layer of 2 cm thick, and use a wooden hammer to smash, stir, and pick out impurities such as gravel, sand and plant residues intermittently; 3. Prepare four sample bottles or sample bags for one sample, wash and dry the sample bottles, fill in the sample labels and stick them, Among them, there are two bottles of 20 mesh, one bottle of 60 mesh, and one bottle of 100 mesh. The labels are all in duplicate, one on the outside of the bottle and one inside the bottle; 4. Sample reduction: The dried and crushed sample is repeatedly mixed evenly, then spread into a circle, cross the center of the circle to divide the circle into four equal parts, take two diagonal parts, and discard the other two parts. Continue to reduce the sample in this way, and finally keep about 500 grams for sample preparation; 5. Sample grinding: The air-dried sample is crushed again in a white enamel dish with a wooden mallet and a wooden stick to grind the soil sample. The ground soil sample powder is placed on a plexiglass plate and mixed evenly. After the soil sample pretreatment procedure is completed, subsequent soil sample detection and analysis are carried out.
[0004] In summary, during the above-mentioned soil sample pretreatment process, especially during the soil sample grinding process, the soil sample is crushed and ground by wooden hammers and wooden sticks. Manual operation is used during the soil sample grinding process, which wastes manpower and has a slow processing speed. More importantly, the soil sample powder obtained by manual grinding has uneven particle size, resulting in the mixing of coarse and fine materials, affecting the accuracy of subsequent soil testing. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to solve the problems pointed out in the background technology, the utility model proposes a soil sample pretreatment device. The soil sample is ground by the grinding component and filtered by the filter screen before entering the collection bucket. The soil sample powder in the collection bucket has uniform particle size and strong representativeness, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of soil detection results. In addition, the grinding process does not require too much intervention, saving labor costs and at the same time faster processing speed.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:
[0007] A soil sample pretreatment device comprises a processing box, a feeding hopper is provided on the top of the processing box, the processing box comprises an upper box and a lower box arranged vertically, a stirring assembly is provided in the upper box, a filter screen is provided below the stirring assembly, the filter screen is arranged obliquely, a collecting trough is provided on one side of the outer surface of the upper box near the lower end of the filter screen, and a material receiving assembly is provided on one end of the outer surface of the upper box near the collecting trough;
[0008] A partition is provided between the upper box body and the lower box body, the partition is located directly below the filter screen, the upper surfaces of the partition are inclined inwardly, a feeding port is provided in the center of the partition, and a feeding pipe is provided at the bottom of the feeding port; a grinding assembly is provided on the left side inside the lower box body, the grinding assembly is located below the partition, the grinding assembly includes a support seat, a grinding chamber is provided in the center of the support seat, an end of the feeding pipe away from the feeding port is connected to the grinding chamber, a rotating shaft is provided on the top surface of the support seat, wherein a bearing is provided between the rotating shaft and the support seat; a grinding head located inside the grinding chamber is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the grinding chamber;
[0009] A slide is provided below the grinding assembly in the lower box body, and the slide is tilted. A second filter is provided on one side of the lower box body close to the lower end of the slide, and a collecting bucket is provided below the second filter.
[0010] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are arranged in parallel, both the driving shaft and the driven shaft are provided with stirring blades, and the driving shaft is connected to the driving assembly.
[0011] Preferably, the stirring blades on the driving shaft and the driven shaft are staggered, and the stirring blades are provided with serrations.
[0012] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a motor 1, a driving gear and a driven gear, the motor 1 is mounted on the upper end of the lower box body, both ends of the driving shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably set on the upper box body, the part of the driving shaft located outside the upper box body is covered with the driving gear, and the part of the driven shaft located outside the upper box body is covered with the driven gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other, and the driving shaft passes through one end of the driving gear and is connected to the output shaft of the motor 1 through a coupling.
[0013] Preferably, the aperture of the second filter is not larger than that of the first filter, and a slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the slide plate and the lower box body, the second filter is inserted into the slide groove, and one outer end of the second filter extends out of the lower box body and is connected to a limit plate, and a handle is provided on the outer side of the limit plate.
[0014] Preferably, the material receiving assembly includes a rectangular box, two insertion holes are opened on the outer surface of the upper box body close to the collecting trough, and two insertion rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rectangular box close to the lower box body; protrusions are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the outer surface of the rectangular box, and a baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the rectangular box.
[0015] Preferably, the support seat is fixed on the inner wall of the lower box body, a second motor is provided on the top of the support seat, and the rotating shaft passes through the support seat and is connected to the output shaft of the second motor.
[0016] Preferably, the grinding head is arranged coaxially with the grinding chamber, the grinding chamber is arranged as a conical groove with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, the grinding head is arranged as a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, and the gap between the grinding head and the grinding chamber gradually decreases from top to bottom; an inclined surface is arranged between the upper part of the grinding head and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft.
[0017] Preferably, a fixing plate is provided at the bottom of the lower box body, and a mounting hole is opened on the fixing plate.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0019] When the soil sample pretreatment device provided by the present invention is used, the soil sample is added to the upper box through the feeding hopper. Under the action of the stirring blade, the soil sample is dispersed to the upper surface of the filter screen 1. Then, after the soil sample is filtered by the filter screen 1, the large soil sample particles are blocked by the inclined filter screen 1 and fall into the rectangular box, and the fine soil particles pass through the filter screen 1. The fallen soil particles are then collected by the partition and enter the feeding pipe through the feeding hole in the center of the partition and then enter the support seat. Then, under the cooperation of the grinding head and the grinding chamber, the soil sample particles are ground into powder with uniform particle size. The ground soil sample falls through the discharge port and slides from the slide plate to the filter screen 2. Finally, it falls to the collection hopper after being sieved by the filter screen 2. In summary, the soil sample enters the collection hopper after being ground by the grinding assembly and sieved by the filter screen 2. Therefore, the soil sample powder in the collection hopper has uniform particle size and strong representativeness, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of the soil detection results. In addition, the grinding process does not require too much intervention, saving labor costs and processing speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional soil sample pretreatment device of the utility model. Figure 1 .
[0021] Figure 2 This is a formal cross-sectional view of a soil sample pretreatment device of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a stirring component in a soil sample pretreatment device of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a grinding component in a soil sample pretreatment device of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional soil sample pretreatment device of the utility model. Figure 2 , in the figure, the rectangular box and the upper box body are in a separated state.
[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a material receiving component in a soil sample pre-processing device of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 7 This is a positional relationship diagram of a lower box, a second filter screen and a collection bucket in a soil sample pretreatment device of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
[0028] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a soil sample pretreatment device includes a treatment box, a feeding hopper 1 is provided on the top of the treatment box, the treatment box includes an upper box 2 and a lower box 3 arranged up and down, a stirring component is provided in the upper box 2, a filter 4 is provided below the stirring component, the filter 4 is inclined, a collecting trough 5 is provided on the side of the outer surface of the upper box 2 close to the lower end of the filter 4, and a material receiving component is provided on the end of the outer surface of the upper box 2 close to the collecting trough 5; a partition 6 is provided between the upper box 2 and the lower box 3, the partition 6 is located directly below the filter 4, the upper surface of the partition 6 is inclined inwardly, a feeding port 7 is provided in the center of the partition 6, and the bottom of the feeding port 7 is connected to A feeding pipe 8; a grinding assembly is provided on the left side of the lower box body 3, and the grinding assembly is located below the partition 6. The grinding assembly includes a support seat 9, and a grinding chamber 10 is provided in the center of the support seat 9. The end of the feeding pipe 8 away from the feeding port 7 is connected to the grinding chamber 10, and a rotating shaft 11 is provided on the top surface of the support seat 9. A grinding head 12 located inside the grinding chamber 10 is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft 11, and a discharge port 13 is provided at the bottom of the grinding chamber 10; a slide plate 14 is provided below the grinding assembly in the lower box body 3, and the slide plate 14 is inclined. A filter screen 15 is provided on the side of the lower end of the slide plate 14 in the lower box body 3, and a collecting bucket 16 is provided below the filter screen 15.
[0029] Through the above-mentioned setting structure, the dried soil sample is added into the upper box body 2 through the feeding hopper 1, and the soil sample passes through the stirring blade 19 during the falling process inside the upper box body 2. Under the action of the stirring blade 19, the soil sample is dispersed to the upper surface of the filter screen 4, and then filtered by the filter screen 4. The large pieces of soil sample particles are blocked by the inclined filter screen 4 and fall into the rectangular box 26, and the fine soil particles pass through the filter screen 4. The fallen soil particles are then collected by the partition 6, enter the feeding pipe 8 through the feeding hole in the center of the partition 6, and then enter the support seat 9. Under the cooperation of the grinding head 12 and the grinding chamber 10, the soil sample particles are ground into powder with uniform particle size, and slide from the slide plate 14 to the filter screen 2 15, and finally fall to the collecting bucket 16 after being filtered by the filter screen 2 15 to complete collection. The soil sample particles in the collecting bucket 16 have uniform particle size and strong representativeness, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of soil detection results.
[0030] Please refer again Figure 3 The stirring assembly includes a driving shaft 17 and a driven shaft 18, which are arranged in parallel. Both the driving shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18 are provided with stirring blades 19, and the driving shaft 17 is connected to a driving assembly.
[0031] The stirring blades 19 on the driving shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18 are arranged alternately, and the stirring blades 19 are provided with serrations.
[0032] In this embodiment, the driving assembly includes a motor 20, a driving gear 21 and a driven gear 22. The motor 20 is installed at the upper end of the lower box body 3. Both ends of the driving shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18 are rotatably set on the upper box body 2. The part of the driving shaft 17 located outside the upper box body 2 is covered with the driving gear 21, and the part of the driven shaft 18 located outside the upper box body 2 is covered with the driven gear 22. The driving gear 21 and the driven gear 22 are meshed with each other, and the driving shaft 17 passes through one end of the driving gear 21 and is connected to the output shaft of the motor 20 through a coupling.
[0033] When in use, the motor 20 is started, and the motor 20 drives the driving shaft 17 to rotate. Then, through the mutually meshing driving gear 21 and the driven gear 22, the driving shaft 17 drives the driven shaft 18 to rotate. At this time, the stirring blades 19 on the driving shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18 stir the added soil sample.
[0034] It should be noted that the aperture of the filter 2 15 is not larger than the aperture of the filter 1 4. Please refer to Figure 7The slide plate 14 and the inner wall of the lower housing 3 are both provided with a chute 23, and the second filter 15 is inserted into the chute 23. The outer end of the second filter 15 extends out of the lower housing 3 and is connected to a limit plate 24. A handle 25 is provided on the outer side of the limit plate 24. With this arrangement, the second filter 15 can be easily removed from the lower housing 3, making it easier to replace the second filter 15. It is also convenient to select a filter 15 with different mesh sizes according to needs, which is more adaptable.
[0035] Please refer again Figure 2 By setting the slide plate 14, the ground soil sample continues to slide along the inclined slide plate 14 to the filter screen 15, and is not easy to accumulate at the discharge port 13 at the bottom of the grinding chamber 10, and the use effect is good.
[0036] Please refer again Figure 5 and Figure 6 The material receiving assembly includes a rectangular box 26. Two insertion holes 27 are defined on the outer surface of the upper housing 2, near the collecting trough 5. Two insertion rods 28 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rectangular box 26, near the lower housing 3. Bumps 29 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the outer surface of the rectangular box 26. A baffle 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the rectangular box 26. The baffle 30 is arranged at a predetermined angle to the inner wall of the rectangular box 26. The inclined baffle 30 makes it easier for soil samples to fall into the rectangular box 26 and less likely to fall through the gap between the rectangular box 26 and the upper housing 2.
[0037] During use, large soil sample particles are blocked by the inclined filter screen 4 and then slide down, falling into the interior of the rectangular box 26 through the collecting trough 5. When the soil sample in the rectangular box 26 needs to be cleaned, the two protrusions 29 on the outer surface of the rectangular box 26 can be held by hand to pull the rectangular box 26 to pull out the two insertion rods 28 on the rectangular box 26 from the insertion holes 27; after cleaning, the rectangular box 26 is reinstalled.
[0038] In this embodiment, the support base 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower housing 3. A second motor 31 is installed on the top of the support base 9. The rotating shaft 11 passes through the support base 9 and is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 31. When in use, the second motor 31 is activated, and the second motor 31 drives the grinding head 12 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 11 to rotate within the grinding chamber 10, achieving the grinding effect.
[0039] Further, please refer again to Figure 4The grinding head 12 is coaxially arranged with the grinding chamber 10, and the grinding chamber 10 is arranged as a truncated cone-shaped groove with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the grinding head 12 is arranged as a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the gap between the grinding head 12 and the grinding chamber 10 gradually decreases from top to bottom. Through the above-mentioned setting structure, the soil sample gradually enters the grinding chamber 10 along the feed pipe 8. Since the upper gap between the grinding chamber 10 and the grinding head 12 is larger, the soil sample can better enter between the two, thereby improving the grinding efficiency; at the same time, an inclined surface is arranged between the upper part of the grinding head 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 11 to prevent the soil sample from accumulating on the upper part of the grinding head 12 when entering the grinding chamber 10.
[0040] It is worth mentioning that a fixing plate 32 is provided at the bottom of the lower box body 3, and a mounting hole 33 is opened on the fixing plate 32. Bolts are passed through the mounting hole 33 to fix the device to the ground or the operating table to ensure the stability of the device.
[0041] It is worth mentioning that a fixing plate 32 is provided at the bottom of the lower box body 3, and a mounting hole 33 is opened on the fixing plate 32. By inserting base bolts in the mounting hole 33, the processing box body is fixed to the ground or the operating table to ensure the stability of the device.
[0042] How to use this product:
[0043] The dried soil sample is added to the upper box body 2 through the feeding hopper 1. During the falling process inside the upper box body 2, the soil sample passes through the stirring blades 19, and the driving shaft 17 is driven to rotate by starting the motor 20. Then, through the mutually meshing driving gear 21 and the driven gear 22, the driving shaft 17 drives the driven shaft 18 to rotate. At this time, the stirring blades 19 on the driving shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18 stir the added soil sample. Under the action of the stirring blades 19, the soil sample is dispersed onto the upper surface of the filter screen 4.
[0044] Then, after the soil sample is filtered through the filter screen 4, large soil sample particles are blocked by the inclined filter screen 4 and fall into the rectangular box 26, while fine soil particles pass through the filter screen 4. The fallen soil particles are then gathered by the partition 6, enter the feeding pipe 8 through the feeding hole in the center of the partition 6, and then enter the support seat 9.
[0045] As the soil sample gradually enters the grinding chamber 10 along the feeding tube 8, the motor 2 31 is started, which drives the grinding head 12 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 11 to rotate inside the grinding chamber 10. Under the cooperation of the grinding head 12 and the grinding chamber 10, the soil sample particles are ground into powder with uniform particle size to achieve the grinding effect. Then the ground soil sample falls through the discharge port 13 at the bottom of the grinding chamber 10 and slides from the slide 14 to the filter screen 2 15. Finally, it is filtered by the filter screen 2 15 and falls to the collection bucket 16 to complete the collection.
[0046] In summary, in the soil sample pretreatment device provided by the present invention, the soil sample is ground by the grinding component and sieved by the filter 15 before entering the collection bucket 16. Therefore, the soil sample powder in the collection bucket 16 has uniform particle size and strong representativeness, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of soil detection results. In addition, the grinding process does not require too much intervention, saving labor costs and at the same time faster processing speed.
[0047] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the structure, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
Claims
1. A soil sample pre-treatment device, comprising a processing box, a feeding hopper (1) is provided on the top of the processing box, characterized in that: The processing box body comprises an upper box body (2) and a lower box body (3) arranged above and below, a stirring assembly is arranged in the upper box body (2), a filter screen (4) is arranged below the stirring assembly, the filter screen (4) is arranged at an angle, a collecting groove (5) is provided on the side of the outer surface of the upper box body (2) close to the lower end of the filter screen (4), and a material receiving assembly is provided on the end of the outer surface of the upper box body (2) close to the collecting groove (5); A partition (6) is provided between the upper box body (2) and the lower box body (3), the partition (6) is located directly below the filter screen (4), the upper surface of the partition (6) is tilted inward, a feeding port (7) is provided in the center of the partition (6), and a feeding pipe (8) is provided at the bottom of the feeding port (7); a grinding assembly is provided on the left side inside the lower box body (3), the grinding assembly is located below the partition (6), the grinding assembly includes a support seat (9), a grinding chamber (10) is provided in the center of the support seat (9), an end of the feeding pipe (8) away from the feeding port (7) is connected to the grinding chamber (10), a rotating shaft (11) is provided on the top surface of the support seat (9), a grinding head (12) located inside the grinding chamber (10) is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft (11), and a discharge port (13) is provided at the bottom of the grinding chamber (10); A slide plate (14) is provided below the grinding assembly in the lower box (3), and the slide plate (14) is arranged at an angle. A filter screen 2 (15) is provided on one side of the lower box (3) close to the lower end of the slide plate (14), and a collecting hopper (16) is provided below the filter screen 2 (15).
2. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly comprises a driving shaft (17) and a driven shaft (18), wherein the driving shaft (17) and the driven shaft (18) are arranged in parallel, and stirring blades (19) are arranged on both the driving shaft (17) and the driven shaft (18), and the driving shaft (17) is connected to a driving assembly.
3. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring blades (19) on the driving shaft (17) and the driven shaft (18) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the stirring blades (19) are provided with saw teeth.
4. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a motor (20), a driving gear (21) and a driven gear (22), wherein the motor (20) is mounted on the upper end of the lower housing (3), and both ends of the driving shaft (17) and the driven shaft (18) are rotatably mounted on the upper housing (2), and a portion of the driving shaft (17) located outside the upper housing (2) is fitted with the driving gear (21), and a portion of the driven shaft (18) located outside the upper housing (2) is fitted with the driven gear (22), and the driving gear (21) and the driven gear (22) are meshed with each other, and one end of the driving shaft (17) passes through the driving gear (21) and is connected to the output shaft of the motor (20) through a coupling.
5. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the second filter (15) is not larger than the aperture of the first filter (4), and a slide groove (23) is provided on the inner wall of the slide plate (14) and the lower box body (3), and the second filter (15) is inserted into the slide groove (23). One end of the outer side of the second filter (15) extends out of the lower box body (3) and is connected to the limit plate (24), and a handle (25) is provided on the outer side of the limit plate (24).
6. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material receiving assembly comprises a rectangular box (26), two insertion holes (27) are provided on the outer surface of the upper box body (2) close to the collecting tank (5), and two insertion rods (28) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rectangular box (26) close to the lower box body (3); protrusions (29) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the outer surface of the rectangular box (26), and a baffle (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the rectangular box (26).
7. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (9) is fixed on the inner wall of the lower box body (3), and a second motor (31) is provided on the top of the support seat (9). The rotating shaft (11) passes through the support seat (9) and is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (31).
8. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding head (12) is coaxially arranged with the grinding chamber (10), the grinding chamber (10) is configured as a truncated cone-shaped groove with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, the grinding head (12) is configured as a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the gap between the grinding head (12) and the grinding chamber (10) gradually decreases from top to bottom; an inclined surface is configured between the upper portion of the grinding head (12) and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (11).
9. The soil sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate (32) is provided at the bottom of the lower box body (3), and a mounting hole (33) is provided on the fixing plate (32).