Water-cooling cold accumulation type energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water-cooling cold storage type energy storage system in the field of energy storage systems, which comprises an energy storage battery pack, a refrigeration pipeline and a refrigeration assembly, the refrigeration assembly comprises a cooling unit, a cold storage tank, a plate heat exchanger and a cooling tower, and the energy storage battery pack and the cooling tower are both communicated with the cooling unit. Refrigerating liquid circularly flows between the energy storage battery pack and the cooling unit, cooling liquid circularly flows between the cooling tower and the cooling unit, the cold storage tank is connected between the liquid outlet end of the cooling unit and the liquid inlet end of the energy storage battery pack in parallel, and the refrigerating liquid can circulate between the energy storage battery pack and the cold storage tank. The liquid outlet end of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the liquid return end of the refrigeration assembly, the liquid outlet ends of the energy storage battery pack and the cooling tower are both communicated with the liquid inlet end of the plate heat exchanger, cooling liquid and freezing liquid can pass through the plate heat exchanger and then return to the cooling unit during circulation, different working modes are adopted according to different conditions, the energy consumption ratio is reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved. The efficiency is improved; and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of energy storage systems, in particular to a water-cooled cold storage type energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] An energy storage system stores electrical energy or other forms of energy through various media and releases it when needed. The basic principle is to store energy in a device in a chemical, physical, or mechanical form. When energy is needed, the energy in the storage device is released through a reverse process and supplied to the load. Energy storage systems are widely used in power systems, transportation, industry, and households, providing important support for energy storage and balance.

[0003] Refrigeration is a crucial component of energy storage systems, crucial for ensuring proper operation, improving energy efficiency, and maintaining system stability. Batteries generate significant amounts of heat during the charging and discharging process. Effective heat management is essential to maintaining proper operation and extending the lifespan of energy storage devices. The refrigeration system removes the heat generated by the energy storage device through cooling, ensuring it operates within a suitable temperature range. Cooling the energy storage device through the refrigeration system lowers its operating temperature, reduces energy loss, and thus improves energy efficiency.

[0004] Water cooling systems use liquid as a cooling medium, circulating it to remove heat generated by energy storage devices. This system is widely used due to its high heat dissipation efficiency, low noise, and low energy consumption. Existing water cooling systems typically include multiple components, such as pumps, cooling towers, heat exchangers, pipes, and valves. The coordinated operation of these components increases system complexity and energy consumption. In particular, energy consumption can increase further if the system is poorly designed or improperly maintained, raising costs and prolonging the payback period. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technical solutions, the utility model provides a water-cooled cold storage energy storage system, which can effectively solve the technical problems of large energy consumption, increased costs and long cost recovery period.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] A water-cooled cold storage energy storage system includes an energy storage battery pack, a refrigeration pipeline and a refrigeration component. The refrigeration component is connected to the energy storage battery pack through the refrigeration pipeline. The refrigeration component is used to take away the heat generated by the energy storage battery pack during operation to ensure the temperature of the energy storage battery pack is stable. The refrigeration component includes a cooling unit, a cold storage tank, a plate heat exchanger and a cooling tower. The energy storage battery pack and the cooling tower are both connected to the cooling unit. A refrigerant circulates between the energy storage battery pack and the cooling unit, and a coolant circulates between the cooling tower and the cooling unit. The cold storage tank is connected in parallel between the liquid outlet of the cooling unit and the liquid inlet of the energy storage battery pack. The refrigerant can circulate between the energy storage battery pack and the cold storage tank. The liquid outlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the return liquid end of the refrigeration component. The liquid outlets of the energy storage battery pack and the cooling tower are both connected to the liquid inlet of the plate heat exchanger. When circulating, the coolant and the refrigerant can pass through the plate heat exchanger and then return to the cooling unit. The refrigeration pipelines between the cooling unit, cold storage tank, plate heat exchanger and cooling tower are equipped with electric control valves for controlling the flow direction of the refrigerant and the coolant.

[0008] Furthermore, a refrigeration pump is provided between the plate heat exchanger and the energy storage battery pack, a refrigeration pipeline directly connected to the cooling unit is also provided between the refrigeration pump and the plate heat exchanger, and an electric control valve is also provided between the refrigeration pump, the plate heat exchanger and the cooling unit.

[0009] Furthermore, a refrigeration pipeline is provided between the freezing pump and the energy storage battery pack and is connected to the liquid inlet end of the cold storage tank, and the refrigeration pipeline is also provided with an electronically controlled valve.

[0010] Furthermore, a cooling pump is provided between the plate heat exchanger and the cooling tower, a refrigeration pipeline directly connected to the cooling unit is also provided between the cooling pump and the plate heat exchanger, and an electric control valve is also provided between the refrigeration pump and the plate heat exchanger and the cooling unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy storage battery pack is provided with more than two groups, the more than two groups of energy storage battery packs are connected in parallel with each other, and the cooling unit and the cold storage tank are connected to the more than two groups of energy storage battery packs through a main liquid distributor.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy storage battery group is composed of more than two battery packs, the main liquid distributor is connected to the battery pack through the terminal liquid distributor, and the more than two battery packs are connected to the energy storage BMS master control.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the refrigeration component includes a cooling unit, a cold storage tank, a plate heat exchanger and a cooling tower. When the electricity price is low, the cooling unit stores the cold energy in the cold storage tank after cooling. When the energy storage battery pack is discharged during the peak electricity price period, the cold energy of the cold storage tank is used to cool the energy storage battery pack, thereby reducing the operating cost of the entire energy storage system; when the ambient temperature is relatively low, the cooling unit does not work, and the cold storage tank does not work either. The heat of the energy storage battery pack is directly taken away through the cooling tower and the plate heat exchanger. In this mode, the overall efficiency of the entire energy storage system is greatly improved, further accelerating the recovery of investment costs; when the ambient temperature is normal, the cooling unit will also store cold energy in the cold storage tank, and then part of the cold energy is used for cooling, and part of the cold energy is used for cooling by the cooling tower and the plate heat exchanger to jointly take away the heat from the energy storage battery pack. This will also have a certain improvement in efficiency compared to a direct chiller, while also reducing the proportion of energy consumption for cooling, thereby improving efficiency and reducing operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water circulation path when the cooling unit in the present invention is working;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water circulation path when the cooling unit in the present invention is not working;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the chilled water circulation path when the cooling unit in the present invention is working;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the chilled water circulation path when the cooling unit is not working and the plate heat exchanger is working in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the path of chilled water during cold storage in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the path of the cold storage tank when it is cooling in the present invention;

[0021] Numbers in the figure: 1-refrigeration pipeline, 2-battery pack, 3-main liquid distributor, 4-end liquid distributor, 5-energy storage BMS main control, 6-cooling unit, 7-cold storage tank, 8-plate heat exchanger, 9-cooling tower, 10-refrigeration pump, 11-cooling pump, 12-energy storage battery pack, 13-electronic control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 7 A water-cooled cold storage energy storage system of the utility model is described in detail:

[0024] A water-cooled cold storage energy storage system includes an energy storage battery group 12, a refrigeration pipeline 1 and a refrigeration component. The refrigeration component is connected to the energy storage battery group 12 through the refrigeration pipeline 1. The refrigeration component is used to remove the heat generated by the energy storage battery group 12 during operation to ensure the temperature of the energy storage battery group 12 is stable. The energy storage battery group 12 is provided with more than two groups, and the more than two groups of energy storage battery groups 12 are connected in parallel. The cooling unit 6 and the cold storage tank 7 are connected to the more than two groups of energy storage battery groups 12 through the main liquid distributor 3. The energy storage battery group 12 is composed of more than two battery packs 2. The main liquid distributor 3 is connected to the battery pack 2 through the terminal liquid distributor 4. The more than two battery packs 2 are connected with an energy storage BMS master control 5.

[0025] The refrigeration assembly includes a cooling unit 6, a cold storage tank 7, a plate heat exchanger 8 and a cooling tower 9. The energy storage battery group 12 and the cooling tower 9 are both connected to the cooling unit 6. Refrigerant circulates between the energy storage battery group 12 and the cooling unit 6, and coolant circulates between the cooling tower 9 and the cooling unit 6. The cold storage tank 7 is connected in parallel between the liquid outlet end of the cooling unit 6 and the liquid inlet end of the energy storage battery group 12. The refrigerant can circulate between the energy storage battery group 12 and the cold storage tank 7. The liquid outlet end of the plate heat exchanger 8 is connected to the liquid return end of the refrigeration assembly. The liquid outlet ends of the energy storage battery group 12 and the cooling tower 9 are both connected to the liquid inlet end of the plate heat exchanger 8. When circulating, the coolant and the refrigerant can pass through the plate heat exchanger 8 and then return to the cooling unit 6. The refrigeration pipeline 1 between the cooling unit 6, the cold storage tank 7, the plate heat exchanger 8 and the cooling tower 9 is provided with an electrically controlled valve 13 for controlling the flow direction of the refrigerant and the coolant.

[0026] A freezing pump 10 is arranged between the plate heat exchanger 8 and the energy storage battery pack 12, and a refrigeration pipeline 1 directly connected to the cooling unit 6 is also arranged between the freezing pump 10 and the plate heat exchanger 8. An electrically controlled valve 13 is also arranged between the freezing pump 10 and the plate heat exchanger 8 and the cooling unit 6. A cooling pump 11 is arranged between the plate heat exchanger 8 and the cooling tower 9, and a refrigeration pipeline 1 directly connected to the cooling unit 6 is also arranged between the cooling pump 11 and the plate heat exchanger 8. An electrically controlled valve 13 is also arranged between the freezing pump 10 and the plate heat exchanger 8 and the cooling unit 6. A refrigeration pipeline 1 connected to the liquid inlet end of the cold storage tank 7 is also arranged between the freezing pump 10 and the energy storage battery pack 12, and the refrigeration pipeline 1 is also provided with an electrically controlled valve 13.

[0027] The present embodiment provides a water-cooled cold storage energy storage system, wherein the cooling assembly includes a cooling unit 6, a cold storage tank 7, a plate heat exchanger 8, and a cooling tower 9. When electricity prices are low, the cooling unit 6 cools and stores the cold energy in the cold storage tank 7. When the energy storage battery pack 12 is discharged during peak electricity prices, the cold energy in the cold storage tank 7 is used to cool the energy storage battery pack 12, thereby reducing the operating cost of the entire energy storage system. When the ambient temperature is relatively low, the cooling unit 6 and the cold storage tank 7 do not operate, and the heat of the energy storage battery pack 12 is directly removed through the cooling tower 9 and the plate heat exchanger 8. In this mode, the overall efficiency of the entire energy storage system is greatly improved, further accelerating the recovery of investment costs. When the ambient temperature is normal, the cooling unit 6 also stores cold energy in the cold storage tank 7, and then part of the cooling is carried out by the cold storage tank 7, and part of the cooling is carried out by the cooling tower 9 and the plate heat exchanger 8, to jointly remove the heat from the energy storage battery pack 12. This has a certain improvement in efficiency compared to a direct chiller, while also reducing the proportion of energy consumption for cooling, improving efficiency and reducing operating costs.

[0028] Cooling water circulation path:

[0029] 1) Cooling water circulation path when the cooling unit is working: the cooling water enters the cooling pump 11 after dissipating heat and cooling through the cooling tower 9, and then enters the cooling unit through the V22 electric control valve 13 after passing through the cooling pump 11. At this time, the V21 electric control valve 13 and the V23 electric control valve 13 are closed, and then pass through the condenser inside the cooling unit, absorb the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous fluorine in the cooling unit condenser, and then return to the cooling tower 9 to continue the next cycle.

[0030] 2) Cooling water circulation path when the cooling unit is not operating: After cooling in cooling tower 9, the cooling water enters cooling pump 11. After passing through cooling pump 11, it enters plate heat exchanger 8 through V21 electronically controlled valve 13. At this time, V22 electronically controlled valve 13 is closed. After absorbing heat from plate heat exchanger 8, the cooling water enters the cooling unit's condenser and returns to cooling tower 9 to continue the next cycle. In this operating mode, the cooling unit is not operating, relying entirely on the cooling water to directly exchange heat with the chilled water within the cooling unit. This reduces the energy consumption of the refrigeration system and greatly improves efficiency.

[0031] 3) Cooling water circulation path when the cooling unit and plate heat exchanger 8 operate synchronously: After cooling in cooling tower 9, the cooling water enters cooling pump 11. After passing through cooling pump 11, it enters plate heat exchanger 8 through V21 electronically controlled valve 13. At this time, V22 electronically controlled valve 13 is closed. After absorbing some of the cooling water's heat through plate heat exchanger 8, the cooling water enters the cooling unit's condenser. After absorbing the coolant's heat through the condenser inside the cooling unit, the coolant returns to cooling tower 9 to continue the next cycle. This operating mode accelerates the heat exchange between the cooling water and the chilled water through the cooling unit, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0032] The fluorine cycle inside the cooling unit is based on the same principle as that of an ordinary refrigeration system, except that the cooling unit integrates the functions of the condenser and evaporator. This is a conventional technical means in this field and will not be explained in detail here.

[0033] Chilled water circulation path:

[0034] 1) Chilled water circulation path when the cooling unit is working: After the chilled water comes out of the cooling unit, it passes through the V12 electronically controlled valve 13 and the V11 electronically controlled valve 13, enters each energy storage battery group 12 through the main liquid distributor 3, and then enters each battery pack 2 through the terminal water distributor. After the chilled water absorbs the heat dissipated by the battery through the cold plate or the copper tube built into the battery pack 2, it returns to the cooling unit through the freezing pump 10 and the V15 electronically controlled valve 13. At this time, the V14 electronically controlled valve 13 and V16 are closed, and the chilled water exchanges heat with the evaporator inside the cooling unit. After cooling, it is output to the cooling unit to continue the next cycle.

[0035] 2) Chilled water circulation path when the cooling unit is not operating and the plate heat exchanger 8 is operating: After the chilled water leaves the cooling unit, it passes through the V12 electrically controlled valve 13 and the V11 electrically controlled valve 13, then enters each energy storage battery pack 12 through the main liquid distributor 3, and then enters each battery pack 2 through the terminal water distributor. After absorbing heat dissipated by the battery through the cold plate or the copper tube built into the battery pack 2, the chilled water passes through the refrigeration pump 10 and the V16 electrically controlled valve 13 to enter the plate heat exchanger 8. After the heat is dissipated by the plate heat exchanger 8, the low-temperature chilled water returns to the cooling unit and continues the next cycle. In this operating mode, the cooling unit is not operating and relies entirely on direct heat exchange with the chilled water, greatly improving efficiency.

[0036] 3) Chilled water circulation path when the cooling unit and plate heat exchanger 8 operate synchronously: After the chilled water leaves the cooling unit, it passes through the V12 electrically controlled valve 13 and the V11 electrically controlled valve 13, then enters each energy storage battery pack 12 through the main liquid distributor 3, and then enters each battery pack 2 through the terminal water distributor. After absorbing heat dissipated by the battery through the cold plate or the copper tube built into the battery pack 2, the chilled water passes through the refrigeration pump 10 and the V16 electrically controlled valve 13 to enter the plate heat exchanger 8. After the heat is dissipated through the plate heat exchanger 8, the chilled water returns to the cooling unit, passes through the cooling unit's evaporator to further dissipate heat, and then is output to continue the next cycle. This operating mode absorbs some heat by directly exchanging heat with the chilled water, thereby reducing the operating frequency and power of the cooling unit, effectively improving system efficiency.

[0037] The working chilled water circulation path of the cold storage tank 7 is:

[0038] 1) During cold storage, the chilled water is cooled by the cooling unit and then output. When the energy storage battery pack 12 needs to be cooled, the chilled water is divided into two paths through the V12 electrically controlled valve 13 of the bypass of the cold storage tank 7. One path flows to the energy storage battery pack 12 through the V11 electrically controlled valve 13, and the other path directly enters the cold storage tank 7. After passing through the V14 electrically controlled valve 13 at the output end of the cold storage tank 7, it merges with the other path and returns to the refrigeration pump 10. After passing through the V16 electrically controlled valve 13 and the plate heat exchanger 8, it returns to the cooling unit and continues the next cycle.

[0039] If only cold storage is used, the V11 electronically controlled valve 13 is closed and the chilled water directly enters the cold storage tank 7.

[0040] 2) When the cold storage tank 7 is cooling, the chilled water flows to the energy storage battery group 12 through the V11 electronically controlled valve 13, enters each energy storage battery group 12 through the main liquid distributor 3, and then enters each battery pack 2 through the terminal water distributor. The chilled water absorbs the heat dissipated by the battery through the cold plate or the copper tube built into the battery pack 2, and then enters the freezing pump 10. After passing through the V16 electronically controlled valve 13 and the plate heat exchanger 8, it returns to the cooling unit and then enters the next cycle through the V13 electronically controlled valve 13 at the input end of the cold storage tank 7.

[0041] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A water-cooled cold storage energy storage system comprising an energy storage battery pack, a refrigeration pipeline, and a refrigeration assembly. The refrigeration assembly is connected to the energy storage battery pack via the refrigeration pipeline. The refrigeration assembly is used to remove heat generated by the energy storage battery pack during operation to ensure a stable temperature of the energy storage battery pack. The system is characterized by: The refrigeration component includes a cooling unit, a cold storage tank, a plate heat exchanger and a cooling tower. The energy storage battery pack and the cooling tower are both connected to the cooling unit. Refrigerant circulates between the energy storage battery pack and the cooling unit, and coolant circulates between the cooling tower and the cooling unit. The cold storage tank is connected in parallel between the liquid outlet of the cooling unit and the liquid inlet of the energy storage battery pack. The refrigerant can circulate between the energy storage battery pack and the cold storage tank. The liquid outlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the liquid return end of the refrigeration component. The liquid outlet ends of the energy storage battery pack and the cooling tower are both connected to the liquid inlet end of the plate heat exchanger. When circulating, the coolant and the refrigerant can pass through the plate heat exchanger and then return to the cooling unit. The refrigeration pipelines between the cooling unit, the cold storage tank, the plate heat exchanger and the cooling tower are each provided with an electrically controlled valve for controlling the flow direction of the refrigerant and the coolant.

2. The water-cooled cold storage energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A refrigeration pump is provided between the plate heat exchanger and the energy storage battery pack. A refrigeration pipeline directly connected to the cooling unit is also provided between the refrigeration pump and the plate heat exchanger. An electric control valve is also provided between the refrigeration pump, the plate heat exchanger and the cooling unit.

3. The water-cooled cold storage energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A refrigeration pipeline is provided between the freezing pump and the energy storage battery pack and is connected to the liquid inlet end of the cold storage tank, and the refrigeration pipeline is also provided with an electric control valve.

4. The water-cooled cold storage energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling pump is provided between the plate heat exchanger and the cooling tower. A refrigeration pipeline directly connected to the cooling unit is also provided between the cooling pump and the plate heat exchanger. An electric control valve is also provided between the freezing pump, the plate heat exchanger and the cooling unit.

5. A water-cooled cold storage energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The energy storage battery packs are provided with more than two groups, which are connected in parallel with each other, and the cooling unit and the cold storage tank are connected to the more than two groups of energy storage battery packs through the main liquid distributor.

6. The water-cooled cold storage energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy storage battery pack is composed of more than two battery packs. The main liquid distributor is connected to the battery pack through the terminal liquid distributor. The more than two battery packs are connected to the energy storage BMS master control.

Images