Battery heat management device based on heat pipe and air cooling

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery thermal management device based on a heat pipe and air cooling. The battery thermal management device comprises the heat pipe, an air cooling module and a battery rack, the heat pipe is formed by sequentially communicating an evaporation pipe, a heat insulation pipe and a condensation pipe, the evaporation pipe and the heat insulation pipe are communicated to form an L shape, the evaporation pipe is arranged on the battery rack below the battery module, the heat insulation pipe is arranged on the side face of the battery module, and the condensation pipe is located above the heat insulation pipe; wherein the heat insulation pipe comprises a plurality of groups of capillary pipes with different pipe diameters; and the air cooling module is arranged on the battery rack above the battery module, and air cooling is used for taking away heat transferred from the battery module by the condenser pipe. By using the heat pipe-air cooling composite heat dissipation structure, the complexity of the whole structure is reduced, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module is improved, the heat pipe is used for dissipating heat of the battery module, the temperature balance of the battery module can be improved, meanwhile, air cooling heat dissipation is increased, the heat pipe works stably, meanwhile, heat of the battery module is continuously transferred outwards, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module is improved. The working stability of the battery is improved, and the application prospect is very good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and in particular relates to a battery thermal management device based on heat pipes and air cooling. Background Art

[0002] Reducing dependence on fossil fuels and pollutant emissions, and mitigating global warming through carbon emissions, have become hot topics for technological innovation in the energy storage industry. Currently, widely used lithium-ion batteries for energy storage offer advantages such as high energy density, compact battery packs, and long cycle life. The choice of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage has become a trend in the industry. However, lithium-ion batteries generate significant heat during charging and discharging, causing the battery to heat up. Failure to dissipate heat promptly can severely impact battery performance and even lead to system loss of control, posing safety risks.

[0003] At present, the thermal management systems widely used in battery modules mainly include air cooling, liquid cooling, heat pipes and phase change materials. The most widely used ones are air cooling and liquid cooling. The air cooling thermal management system has the problem of uneven heat dissipation, which causes large temperature differences. Although the liquid cooling thermal management system solves the problem of uneven heat dissipation, it requires an external liquid cooling unit, which increases the external loss of electricity. The Chinese patent with patent number CN116315281 discloses a square lithium battery composite heat dissipation structure based on heat pipes and liquid cooling. It improves the temperature uniformity of square lithium batteries through the design of heat-conducting aluminum boxes, liquid cooling plates and L-shaped heat pipes, while avoiding the dangers of coolant leakage to the battery. However, in this invention, liquid cooling is also used to dissipate heat for heat pipes. Although it can improve the heat dissipation effect, the equipment structure is relatively complex and it is extremely inconvenient to disassemble and maintain. In addition, the liquid fluidity in the heat pipes is poor, which makes the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipes low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery thermal management device based on heat pipes and air cooling.

[0005] Technical solution: The battery thermal management device based on heat pipes and air cooling provided by the utility model includes heat pipes and air cooling modules; the heat pipe is composed of an evaporator tube, an insulating tube and a condenser tube connected in sequence, and the evaporator tube is connected with the insulating tube to form an L shape, the evaporator tube is placed on the battery rack below the battery module, the insulating tube is placed on the side of the battery module, and the condenser tube is located above the insulating tube; the insulating tube includes multiple groups of capillaries with different diameters; the evaporator tube can evenly absorb heat from the bottom of the battery module and conduct it to the insulating tube, the insulating tube is set to an arc structure, which can allow gas and liquid cooling to pass smoothly, and the vertical arrangement of the condenser tube can enhance the upward movement of gas and the downward flow of liquid; the air cooling module is arranged on the battery rack above the battery module, and cools the condenser tube with air cooling, taking away the heat while condensing the steam into liquid.

[0006] Furthermore, a thermally conductive insulating pad is provided between the heat pipe and the battery module.

[0007] Furthermore, the evaporation tube is a grid-type structure, so that the liquid working medium can be evenly dispersed in the heat pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat pipe is a multi-diameter copper powder sintered heat pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper layer of the evaporator tube is sintered with large-particle copper powder particles with a particle size range of 120-140 μm. The upper layer of the evaporator tube is in contact with the battery module, and bubbles are easily generated due to liquid evaporation. Larger particles can reduce bubble accumulation and blockage. The lower layer of the evaporator tube is sintered with small-particle copper powder with a particle size range of 60-80 μm, which can provide a fast flow channel for the condensed and refluxed liquid working medium.

[0010] The insulation tube is sintered using large-diameter copper powder particles with a particle size range of 120-140μm. The microporous structure created by the larger copper powder creates larger pore spaces, significantly reducing the possibility of bubble blockage when passing through these micropores. Bubbles can be released from these pores more smoothly and at a faster rate, significantly improving the efficiency of bubble detachment from the surface.

[0011] The condenser tube is sintered with large-particle copper powder (120-140μm) on the inside, and small-particle copper powder (60-80μm) on the outside. The fine pore structure created by the smaller copper powder significantly enhances capillary condensation, a particularly pronounced effect at the cold end, promoting faster condensation of gas into liquid. These tiny pores reduce the contact distance at the gas-liquid interface, accelerating heat transfer and causing gas molecules at the cold end to lose energy and condense into droplets more quickly.

[0012] Furthermore, the evaporation tube contains a low-boiling-point liquid phase change material.

[0013] Furthermore, the air cooling module is provided with multiple sets of fans and condensing pipes arranged in parallel, and the air volume can be adjusted according to needs.

[0014] Working principle: The evaporator tube of the heat pipe of this utility model is placed at the bottom of the battery module. Due to the heat from the battery, the liquid working medium in the evaporator tube evaporates into steam. Under the action of the capillary force of the insulation tube, the steam diffuses from the evaporator tube through the insulation tube to the condenser tube. After reaching the condenser tube, the heat is taken away by the air cooling. At this time, the steam condenses into liquid. Under the action of gravity and capillary force, the liquid flows from the condenser tube through the insulation tube to the evaporator tube, thereby continuously taking away the heat from the battery module.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages: by using a heat pipe-air cooling composite heat dissipation structure, the complexity of the overall structure is reduced and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. Using heat pipes to dissipate heat from the battery module can improve its temperature uniformity. At the same time, increasing the air cooling heat dissipation can not only make the heat pipe work stably but also continuously transfer the heat of the battery module outward. This composite structure combines the advantages of air cooling and heat pipes. Compared with liquid cooling, it does not require a cumbersome and complex external liquid cooling unit. Compared with air cooling, it can greatly improve the heat dissipation performance and temperature uniformity. It has good application prospects in the field of energy storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal management device based on heat pipes and air cooling provided by the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model in a battery cluster frame;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the evaporator tube in the battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling provided by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the thermal insulation tube in the battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling provided by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the condenser tube in the battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementations.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the utility model provides a battery thermal management device based on heat pipes and air cooling, including a heat pipe 1, an air cooling module 2 and a battery rack 3; the heat pipe 1 is composed of an evaporator tube 11, an insulating tube 12 and a condenser tube 13 connected in sequence, wherein the evaporator tube 11 and the insulating tube 12 are connected to form an L shape, the evaporator tube 11 is placed on the battery rack 3 below the battery module, the insulating tube 12 is placed on the battery rack 3 on the side of the battery module, and the condenser tube 13 is located above the insulating tube 12; the insulating tube 12 includes multiple groups of capillaries with different diameters, which are used to transmit liquid working fluids under different temperature and pressure conditions; the air cooling module 2 is arranged on the battery rack 3 above the battery module, which can directly cool the battery module and cool the condenser tube 13, taking away the heat while condensing the steam in the condenser tube 13 into liquid.

[0023] A thermally conductive insulating pad is provided between the heat pipe 1 and the battery module.

[0024] The evaporation tube 11 has a grid structure, so that the liquid working medium can be evenly dispersed in the heat pipe.

[0025] The heat pipe 1 is sintered with copper powder of various particle sizes. The upper layer of the evaporator tube 11 is sintered with large-diameter copper powder particles with a particle size range of 120-140 μm. The upper layer of the evaporator tube 12 contacts the battery module. Due to the evaporation of liquid, bubbles are easily generated. Larger particles can reduce bubble accumulation and blockage. The lower layer of the evaporator tube 12 is sintered with small-diameter copper powder with a particle size range of 60-80 μm, which can provide a fast flow channel for the condensed and refluxed liquid working medium.

[0026] The insulation tube 12 is sintered with large-diameter copper powder particles ranging from 120 to 140 μm. The microporous structure created by the larger copper powder creates larger pore spaces, significantly reducing the likelihood of bubbles clogging these pores. Bubbles can be released from these pores more smoothly and at a faster rate, significantly improving their efficiency in escaping the surface.

[0027] The inner side of condenser tube 13 is sintered with large-particle copper powder (120-140 μm), while the outer side is sintered with small-particle copper powder (60-80 μm). The fine pore structure created by the smaller copper powder significantly enhances capillary condensation, a particularly pronounced effect at the cold end, promoting faster condensation of gas into liquid. These tiny pores reduce the contact distance at the gas-liquid interface, accelerating heat transfer and causing gas molecules at the cold end to lose energy and condense into droplets more quickly.

[0028] The evaporation tube 11 contains a low-boiling-point liquid phase change material.

[0029] The air cooling module 1 is provided with multiple sets of fans arranged in parallel with the condenser tube 13. In actual application, the air volume can be adjusted according to the heat dissipation needs.

[0030] When the battery module releases heat during operation, the evaporation tube of the utility model, which is placed at the bottom of the battery module, evaporates the liquid working medium in the evaporation tube into steam due to the heat from the battery. The steam diffuses toward the condenser tube under the action of the capillary force of the insulation tube. After reaching the condenser tube, the heat is taken away by the air cooling effect of the air cooling module. At this time, the steam condenses into liquid. The liquid flows toward the evaporation tube through the insulation tube under the action of gravity and capillary force, thereby continuously taking away the heat from the battery module in this cycle.

[0031] This utility model reduces the complexity of the overall structure and improves heat dissipation efficiency by using a heat pipe-air cooling composite heat dissipation structure. Using heat pipes to dissipate heat from the battery module can improve its temperature uniformity. At the same time, adding air cooling to the heat dissipation not only stabilizes the heat pipe operation but also continuously transfers the heat of the battery module outward. This composite structure combines the advantages of air cooling and heat pipes. Compared to liquid cooling, it does not require a cumbersome external liquid cooling unit. Compared to air cooling, it can greatly improve heat dissipation performance and temperature uniformity, and has good application prospects in the field of energy storage.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management device based on heat pipes and air cooling, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat pipe (1), an air cooling module (2), and a battery rack (3); the heat pipe (1) is composed of an evaporation pipe (11), an insulation pipe (12), and a condensation pipe (13) connected in sequence; the evaporation pipe (11) and the insulation pipe (12) are connected to form an L-shape; the evaporation pipe (11) is placed on the battery rack (3) below the battery module; the insulation pipe (12) is placed on the battery rack (3) on the side of the battery module; and the condensation pipe (13) is located above the insulation pipe (12); The thermal insulation tube (12) comprises a plurality of capillaries with different diameters; The air cooling module (2) is arranged on the battery rack (3) above the battery module to cool the condenser tube (13) by air.

2. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-conducting insulating pad is provided between the heat pipe (1) and the battery module.

3. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation tube (11) is a grid-type structure.

4. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe (1) is a multi-diameter copper powder sintered heat pipe.

5. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper layer of the evaporation tube (11) is sintered with large-diameter copper powder particles with a particle size range of 120-140 μm, and the lower layer of the evaporation tube (11) is sintered with small-diameter copper powder with a particle size range of 60-80 μm.

6. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermal insulation tube (12) is sintered with large-diameter copper powder particles, with a particle size range of 120-140 μm.

7. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side of the condenser tube (13) is sintered with large-particle copper powder, with a particle size range of 120-140 μm, and the outer side is sintered with small-particle copper powder, with a particle size range of 60-80 μm.

8. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation tube (11) contains a low-boiling-point liquid phase-change material.

9. The battery thermal management device based on heat pipe and air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cooling module (2) and the condensing pipe (13) are arranged in parallel and correspondingly.

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