Cover plate assembly, single battery, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a cover plate assembly, a single battery, a battery module and a battery pack, and relates to the technical field of batteries. Compared with the prior art, the first flange and the second flange of the insulating component are substantially equivalent to an upper plastic part and a lower plastic part in an existing cover plate structure respectively. According to the cover plate assembly provided by the utility model, the first flange and the second flange are connected through the insulating cylinder, and the insulating cylinder, the first flange and the second flange form the integrated structure, so that the number of structural components is reduced, the production procedures of the structural components are correspondingly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. Different from a split assembling mode of an upper plastic part, a lower plastic part and a pole in the prior art, the cover plate assembly provided by the invention has the advantages that the number of parts is smaller, and the number of spare parts is smaller when the pole and the insulating component are assembled, so that the assembling difficulty is reduced, the efficiency of assembling the cover plate assembly is also improved, and the assembling efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a cover assembly, a single cell, a battery module and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, cylindrical battery cover plates typically feature a riveted structure, with the poles riveted into the top cover plate. This riveting securely connects the upper plastic on the top cover plate, the sealing ring within the top cover plate hole, the top cover plate itself, and the lower plastic on the underside of the top cover plate. The poles are then welded to the current collecting element for current conduction. However, this cover plate solution involves a large number of components, resulting in low production efficiency and cumbersome assembly. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a cover assembly, a single cell, a battery module and a battery pack, the purpose of which is to solve the above technical problems to a certain extent.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cover plate assembly, the cover plate assembly comprising:

[0005] a cover plate body, the cover plate body comprising a first plate surface and a second plate surface opposite to each other, the cover plate body further comprising a first through hole penetrating the cover plate body;

[0006] an insulating member comprising an insulating tube, a first flange, and a second flange, wherein the insulating tube is inserted into the first through hole, the first flange is connected to a first side of the insulating tube and extends along the first plate surface, and the second flange is connected to a second side of the insulating tube and extends along the second plate surface, wherein the insulating tube, the first flange, and the second flange form an integral structure;

[0007] The pole includes a pole body and a third flange connected to each other, the pole body is inserted into the insulating tube, the third flange is located on the side where the first plate surface is located, a portion of the first flange is located between the third flange and the first plate surface, and the outer edge of the first flange exceeds the outer edge of the third flange.

[0008] Preferably, the cover plate assembly further includes a current collector, which is electrically connected to the pole body. The current collector is located on the side where the second plate surface is located, and the outer edge of the second flange exceeds the outer edge of the current collector.

[0009] Preferably, the cover plate assembly also includes a current collector for connecting to the pole ear, the current collector is electrically connected to the pole body, the current collector is located on the side where the second plate surface is located, and there is a accommodating space between the current collector and the second flange. The current collector also has a flow hole to connect the accommodating space and the side of the current collector facing away from the cover plate body.

[0010] Preferably, there are multiple flow holes, the current collector is a disc-shaped structure, the current collector has a circumference, the flow holes extend along the circumference, and at least some of the flow holes of the current collector are arranged at equal circumferential angles in the circumference.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the flow holes is multiple, the current collector is a disc-shaped structure, the current collector has a radial direction, the flow holes of the current collector are divided into multiple groups in the radial direction, and the number of the flow holes in each group is multiple.

[0012] Preferably, the current collector abuts against the second flange to be supported by the second flange.

[0013] Preferably, the cover plate assembly also includes a current collector, which is electrically connected to the pole body, the pole body has an injection hole passing through the pole body, and the current collector has a drainage hole passing through the current collector, the position of the drainage hole corresponds to the injection hole, and is connected to the injection hole, and the diameter of the injection hole is 2-5 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the second flange comprises a flange body and a thinned explosion-proof portion connected to each other, the thickness of the thinned explosion-proof portion is less than the thickness of the flange body, the area of ​​the thinned explosion-proof portion accounts for 5%-20% of the area of ​​the second flange, and the thickness of the thinned explosion-proof portion is 0.04-0.1 mm;

[0015] The cover plate body further has a second through hole, and the position of the second through hole corresponds to the position of the thinned explosion-proof portion.

[0016] Preferably, the cover assembly further comprises a terminal connected to the side of the third flange facing away from the first flange, the thickness of the terminal is 1-3 mm, and the area of ​​the terminal occupies 10%-70% of the area of ​​the cover body.

[0017] Preferably, the pole body is a hollow structure, and the thickness of the inner wall of the pole body is the same as the thickness of the third flange, and the thickness of the inner wall of the pole body and the thickness of the third flange are 0.5-1.5 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the insulating component further includes a convex portion provided on the outer side of the insulating cylinder, and the convex portion abuts against the inner side of the first through hole.

[0019] Preferably, a recessed portion for receiving the convex portion is formed on an inner side of the first through hole, and the convex portion is accommodated in the recessed portion.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a single cell battery, wherein the single cell battery includes the cap plate assembly as described above.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery module, which includes a plurality of single cells as described above.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, which includes a plurality of single cells as described above, or the battery pack includes a battery module as described above.

[0023] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the present application, an insulating tube is arranged between the outer side of the pole body and the first through hole of the cover plate body, and a first flange is arranged between the third flange of the pole and the first plate surface of the cover plate body, ensuring that the pole and the cover plate body are separated by an insulating component to form insulation between the pole and the cover plate body.

[0024] Compared to the prior art, the first and second flanges of the insulating member are essentially equivalent to the upper and lower plastic parts in existing cover structures. The cover assembly provided by this application connects the first and second flanges via an insulating tube, forming the insulating tube, first and second flanges into an integrated structure. This reduces the number of structural components and the corresponding production steps, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0025] Unlike the assembly method of separate upper plastic parts, lower plastic parts and poles in the prior art, the cover assembly provided by the present application has fewer components and fewer loose parts when assembling the poles and insulating components, so the difficulty of assembly is reduced and the efficiency of assembling the cover assembly is also improved, thereby effectively improving the assembly efficiency.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an exploded view of a cover plate assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a cover plate assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 100 - cover plate body; 110 - first plate surface; 120 - second plate surface; 130 - first through hole; 131 - recess; 140 - second through hole;

[0032] 200 - insulating member; 210 - insulating cylinder; 220 - first flange; 230 - second flange; 231 - thinned explosion-proof portion; 232 - flange body; 240 - convex portion;

[0033] 300-pole; 310-pole body; 311-liquid injection hole; 320-third flange;

[0034] 400 - current collector; 410 - flow hole; 420 - accommodation space; 430 - drainage hole;

[0035] 500-terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0040] According to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a cover plate assembly is provided. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure and working principle of the cover plate assembly are described in detail.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cap plate assembly includes a cap plate body 100, an insulating member 200, and a pole 300. In the embodiment, the cap plate body 100 includes a first plate surface 110 and a second plate surface 120 opposite to each other, and the cap plate body 100 further has a first through hole 130 extending through the cap plate body 100.

[0042] In the embodiment, the insulating member 200 includes an insulating tube 210, a first flange 220, and a second flange 230. The insulating tube 210 is inserted into the first through hole 130. The first flange 220 is connected to a first side of the insulating tube 210 and extends along the first plate surface. The second flange 230 is connected to a second side of the insulating tube 210 and extends along the second plate surface. The insulating tube 210, the first flange 220, and the second flange 230 form an integrated structure.

[0043] In an embodiment, the pole 300 includes a pole body 310 and a third flange 320 connected to each other. The pole body 310 is inserted into the insulating tube 210, the third flange 320 is located on the side where the first plate surface 110 is located, and a portion of the first flange 220 is located between the third flange 320 and the first plate surface 110. The outer edge of the first flange 220 extends beyond the outer edge of the third flange 320.

[0044] In this way, according to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, an insulating tube 210 is arranged between the outer side of the pole body 310 and the first through hole 130 of the cover plate body 100, and a first flange 220 is arranged between the third flange 320 of the pole 300 and the first plate surface 110 of the cover plate body 100, ensuring that the pole 300 and the cover plate body 100 are separated by the insulating component 200 to form insulation between the pole 300 and the cover plate body 100.

[0045] In this embodiment, compared to the prior art, the first flange 220 and the second flange 230 of the insulating member 200 are substantially equivalent to the upper and lower plastic parts, respectively, of a conventional cover plate structure. The cover plate assembly provided in this embodiment of the application connects the first flange 220 and the second flange 230 via the insulating cylinder 210, forming the insulating cylinder 210, the first flange 220, and the second flange 230 into an integrated structure. This reduces the number of structural components and, accordingly, the number of production steps for these components, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0046] In addition, in the embodiment, unlike the assembly method of the separate upper plastic part, lower plastic part and pole 300 in the prior art, the cover assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application has fewer components and fewer loose parts when assembling the pole 300 and the insulating member 200, so the difficulty of assembly is reduced, and the efficiency of assembling the cover assembly is also improved, thereby effectively improving the assembly efficiency.

[0047] In the embodiment, the cap plate assembly is applied to a single battery, such as a cylindrical battery. Therefore, the cap plate body 100 can be, for example, a disc-shaped structure, such as a disc-shaped structure formed from a metal material such as aluminum. The first flange 220 and the second flange 230 can be, for example, annular flanges, and the insulating tube 210 can also be, for example, a cylindrical or conical structure.

[0048] Therefore, in the embodiment, the outer edge of the first flange 220 exceeds the outer edge of the third flange 320, which means that the outer diameter of the first flange 220 is larger than the outer diameter of the third flange 320. In the embodiment, the arrangement of the outer edge of the first flange 220 exceeding the outer edge of the third flange 320 avoids the existence of an air gap between the third flange 320 and the cover plate body 100, thereby eliminating the risk of electrical conduction between the third flange 320 and the cover plate body 100 to a certain extent.

[0049] In an embodiment, the first flange 220, the second flange 230 and the insulating tube 210 can all be formed of plastic material, and the three can be integrally molded, for example, by an injection molding process. Compared with the prior art, the cover assembly provided according to the embodiment of the present application essentially integrates the upper plastic part and the lower plastic part that are separate from each other in the prior art into one injection molding, and essentially connects the cover body 100 and the pole 300 by injection molding.

[0050] In the embodiment, as an example, when the cap plate assembly is assembled into a single cell, the side where the first plate surface 110 of the cap plate assembly is located is the outside of the single cell, and the side where the second plate surface 120 of the cap plate assembly is located is the inside of the single cell.

[0051] According to the cover plate assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, the cover plate assembly may further include a current collector 400 , which may be electrically connected to the pole body 310 , and the current collector 400 may be located on the side where the second plate surface 120 is located, and the outer edge of the second flange 230 may extend beyond the outer edge of the current collector 400 .

[0052] In an embodiment, as an example, the current collector 400 can be connected to the tab of the bare cell inside the housing of the single cell, for example, by welding. In an embodiment, the current collector 400 can be electrically connected to the electrode 300 by means such as welding. As an example, both the current collector 400 and the electrode 300 can be formed of a metal material such as copper or aluminum. As an example, the outer edge of the second flange 230 extends beyond the outer edge of the current collector 400, which is equivalent to separating the current collector 400 from the cover body 100, thereby facilitating insulation between the current collector 400 and the cover body 100.

[0053] In an embodiment, as an example, the current collector 400 may be a disc-shaped structure, that is, formed as a substantially current collecting plate. In an embodiment, the current collecting plate, the cover plate body 100, the insulating member 200, and the pole 300, which are connected to the subsequent terminal 500, may all be coaxially arranged.

[0054] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the current collector 400 may have a receiving space 420 between it and the second flange 230 , and the current collector 400 may also have a flow hole 410 to connect the receiving space 420 and the side of the current collector 400 facing away from the cover plate body 100 .

[0055] Thus, according to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned accommodation space 420 can store electrolyte and can also serve as a gas chamber to store side reaction gas.

[0056] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the flow holes 410 can be multiple. As described above, the current collector 400 can have a circumferential direction, the flow holes 410 can extend along the circumferential direction, and at least some of the through holes in the flow holes 410 of the current collector 400 can be arranged at equal circumferential angles in the circumferential direction.

[0057] In an embodiment, the flow holes 410 extend along the circumference, thereby substantially forming a fan-shaped hole. This hole shape facilitates using two circumferentially opposite sides of the hole (i.e., the two radii of the fan-shaped hole) to determine the circumferential angle of the hole, thereby facilitating the arrangement of multiple flow holes 410 at equal circumferential angle intervals. As an example, a circle may have two, three, four, or even more flow holes 410.

[0058] In the embodiment, the through-hole 410 is substantially a special-shaped through-hole, which facilitates exhaust and electrolyte infiltration into the winding core. At the same time, the through-hole 410 is opened at intervals without affecting the distribution of solder joints.

[0059] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, as described above, the current collector 400 is a disc-shaped structure, so the current collector 400 has a radial direction, and the flow holes 410 of the current collector 400 are divided into multiple groups in the radial direction, and the number of flow holes 410 in each group is multiple.

[0060] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the multiple groups of flow holes 410 are arranged along the radial direction, which is conducive to ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte and the side reaction gas when passing through.

[0061] According to the cover plate assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, the current collector 400 can abut against the second flange 230 to be supported by the second flange 230. As an example, in an embodiment, the second flange 230 can have a flange body 232, and a side of the flange body 232 facing the current collector 400 can have a protruding structure. The side of the current collector 400 facing the second flange 230 can abut against the protruding structure, thereby being supported by the second flange 230 and forming the accommodation space 420 mentioned in the above description. In an embodiment, the protruding structure can be, for example, an annular protruding structure. In an embodiment, the current collector 400 is supported by the second flange 230, which can increase the stability of the current collector 400.

[0062] According to the cover plate assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, the pole body 310 may have an injection hole 311 that passes through the pole body 310, and the current collector 400 may have a drainage hole 430 that passes through the current collector 400. The position of the drainage hole 430 corresponds to the injection hole 311 and is connected to the injection hole 311. The diameter of the injection hole 311 is 2-5 mm. In an embodiment, the drainage hole 430 and the injection hole 311 ensure that the injection process of the single cell can proceed smoothly. In an embodiment, the diameter of the injection hole 311 can be, for example, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm or 5 mm. In addition, as an example, the diameter of the drainage hole 430 can be larger than the diameter of the injection hole 311.

[0063] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second flange 230 may include a flange body 232 and a thinned explosion-proof portion 231, which are connected to each other. The thickness of the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 may be smaller than that of the flange body 232. Therefore, when the cover plate assembly is assembled into a single battery cell, the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 can function as an explosion-proof valve equivalent to the conventional explosion-proof valve. The thinned explosion-proof portion 231 is an injection-molded structure. Compared to conventional explosion-proof valves, this reduces the welding process between the explosion-proof aluminum sheet and the cover plate structure and avoids the problem of unstable valve opening caused by heat generated by the explosion-proof aluminum sheet and the cover plate structure.

[0064] In an embodiment, as an example, the area of ​​the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 may account for 5%-20% of the area of ​​the second flange 230, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%, and the thickness of the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 is 0.04-0.1 mm, for example, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm or 0.1 mm.

[0065] The cover body 100 has a second through hole 140 , and the position of the second through hole 140 can correspond to the position of the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 , thereby avoiding the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 and ensuring that the thinned explosion-proof portion 231 can break outward.

[0066] According to the cover plate assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, the cover plate assembly further includes a terminal 500, which is connected (e.g., by laser welding) to the side of the third flange 320 facing away from the first flange 220. The terminal 500 has a thickness of 1-3 mm, and its area occupies 10%-70% of the area of ​​the cover plate body 100. In this embodiment, the thickness of the terminal 500 is uniform, and since the injection hole 311 is transferred to the terminal body 310, the entire surface of the terminal 500 can be used for welding the battery pack's connecting piece, making battery pack welding more convenient and reducing the welding positioning requirements of the battery pack.

[0067] As an example, the thickness of the terminal 500 may be 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the percentage of the area of ​​the terminal 500 to the area of ​​the cover body 100 may be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% or 70%.

[0068] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pole body 310 can be a hollow structure. The thickness of the inner wall of the pole body 310 can be the same as the thickness of the third flange 320. The thickness of the inner wall of the pole body 310 and the thickness of the third flange 320 can be 0.5-1.5 mm. The thickness of the pole 300 can be, for example, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0069] According to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the insulating member 200 may further include a protrusion 240 disposed on the outside of the insulating cylinder 210, with the protrusion 240 abutting against the inside of the first through-hole 130. As an example, the protrusion 240 may be annular and disposed around the outside of the insulating cylinder 210, thereby increasing the contact area between the insulating cylinder 210 and the inside of the first through-hole 130, thereby improving the installation reliability and connection strength of the insulating member 200.

[0070] According to the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application, a recess 131 for receiving the protrusion 240 may be formed inside the first through hole 130, and the protrusion 240 is accommodated in the recess 131. As an example, the recess 131 may be formed as an annular groove located inside the first through hole 130.

[0071] In an embodiment, according to the cover plate assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal 500 can be used for electrode output, and the terminal 500 can be designed to be circular, square or other shapes. The edge joints between the terminal 500 and the pole 300 can be laser welded to ensure the fixation and flow of the terminal 500, and also to seal the injection hole 311.

[0072] In an embodiment, the insulating component 200 insulates the pole 300 from the cover body 100 to ensure that the cover body 100 is not charged. At the same time, the thinned explosion-proof part 231 is thinned through the injection molding process to play a role in pressure relief and explosion prevention. A second through hole 140 is set at the corresponding position of the cover body 100 as an avoidance hole. The area of ​​the avoidance hole is larger than the area of ​​the thinned explosion-proof part 231, and the center corresponds to the thinned explosion-proof part 231, avoiding the thinned explosion-proof part 231 to prevent contact interference, while ensuring the pressure relief area of ​​the thinned explosion-proof part 231.

[0073] In the embodiment, the pole body 310 is hollow, and an injection hole 311 is set at the bottom. The diameter of the drainage hole 430 on the current collector 400 is larger than the injection hole 311 and corresponds to the center. At the same time, the second flange 230 of the insulating member 200 insulates the current collector 400 from the cover plate body 100.

[0074] According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a single cell is provided. The single cell includes an upper cover plate assembly, a cylindrical shell and a winding core located in the shell. The single cell also has the above beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0075] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a battery module is provided. The battery module includes a plurality of single cells as described above. The plurality of single cells can be arranged in an array, for example. The battery module also has the above beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0076] According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a battery pack is provided, which includes multiple single cells as above. The multiple single cells can be directly packaged, that is, CTP (Cell To Pack), or the battery pack includes the above battery module, and the battery module is arranged in a box to form a package. The battery pack also has the above beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the scope of protection of the present application. All equivalent structural transformations made based on the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the innovative concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A cover plate assembly, characterized in that: The cover plate assembly comprises: a cover plate body, the cover plate body comprising a first plate surface and a second plate surface opposite to each other, the cover plate body further comprising a first through hole penetrating the cover plate body; an insulating member comprising an insulating tube, a first flange, and a second flange, wherein the insulating tube is inserted into the first through hole, the first flange is connected to a first side of the insulating tube and extends along the first plate surface, and the second flange is connected to a second side of the insulating tube and extends along the second plate surface, wherein the insulating tube, the first flange, and the second flange form an integral structure; The pole includes a pole body and a third flange connected to each other, the pole body is inserted into the insulating tube, the third flange is located on the side where the first plate surface is located, a portion of the first flange is located between the third flange and the first plate surface, and the outer edge of the first flange exceeds the outer edge of the third flange.

2. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The cover plate assembly further includes a current collector electrically connected to the pole body. The current collector is located on the side where the second plate surface is located, and the outer edge of the second flange exceeds the outer edge of the current collector.

3. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The cover plate assembly also includes a current collector for connecting to the pole lug, the current collector is electrically connected to the pole body, the current collector is located on the side where the second plate surface is located, and there is a accommodating space between the current collector and the second flange. The current collector also has a flow hole to connect the accommodating space and the side of the current collector facing away from the cover plate body.

4. The cover plate assembly according to claim 3, wherein: There are multiple flow holes, the current collector is a disc-shaped structure, the current collector has a circumferential direction, the flow holes extend along the circumferential direction, and at least some of the flow holes of the current collector are arranged at equal circumferential angles in the circumferential direction.

5. The cover plate assembly according to claim 3, wherein: The number of the flow holes is multiple, the current collector is a disc-shaped structure, the current collector has a radial direction, and the flow holes of the current collector are divided into multiple groups in the radial direction, and the number of the flow holes in each group is multiple.

6. The cover plate assembly according to claim 3, wherein: The current collector abuts against the second flange to be supported by the second flange.

7. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The cover plate assembly also includes a current collector, which is electrically connected to the pole body. The pole body has an injection hole passing through the pole body. The current collector has a drainage hole passing through the current collector. The position of the drainage hole corresponds to the injection hole and is connected to the injection hole. The diameter of the injection hole is 2-5 mm.

8. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The second flange includes a flange body and a thinned explosion-proof portion connected to each other, wherein the thickness of the thinned explosion-proof portion is less than the thickness of the flange body, the area of ​​the thinned explosion-proof portion accounts for 5%-20% of the area of ​​the second flange, and the thickness of the thinned explosion-proof portion is 0.04-0.1 mm; The cover plate body further has a second through hole, and the position of the second through hole corresponds to the position of the thinned explosion-proof portion.

9. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The cover assembly further includes a terminal connected to a side of the third flange facing away from the first flange. The thickness of the terminal is 1-3 mm, and the area of ​​the terminal occupies 10%-70% of the area of ​​the cover body.

10. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The pole body is a hollow structure, and the thickness of the inner wall of the pole body is the same as the thickness of the third flange, and the thickness of the inner wall of the pole body and the thickness of the third flange are 0.5-1.5 mm.

11. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The insulating component further includes a convex portion provided on the outer side of the insulating cylinder, wherein the convex portion abuts against the inner side of the first through hole.

12. The cover plate assembly according to claim 11, wherein: A recessed portion for receiving the convex portion is formed on an inner side of the first through hole, and the convex portion is accommodated in the recessed portion.

13. A single cell battery, characterized in that: The single battery includes the cap plate assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A battery module, characterized in that: The battery module includes the plurality of single batteries as claimed in claim 13 .

15. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack includes the plurality of single batteries as claimed in claim 13 , or the battery pack includes the battery module as claimed in claim 14 .

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