Backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with a self-cleaning function, which relates to the technical field of welding tools and comprises a stirring needle and a stirring sleeve, the stirring sleeve is positioned outside the stirring needle, a working gap for accommodating melt is reserved between the stirring sleeve and the stirring needle, and the welding tool further comprises a grinding cutter positioned in the working gap. The edge of the grinding cutter abuts against the shaft body of the stirring needle, so that when the stirring needle and the grinding cutter move relatively, melt attached to the outer portion of the stirring needle is scraped off through the edge. According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the coping cutter, after the welding of the welding tool is completed, the stirring needle and the coping cutter can move relatively, so that the knife edge of the coping cutter which is in an abutting state with the outer part of the stirring needle can scrape melt attached to the outer part of the stirring needle, that is, after spot welding work is carried out, the edge of the coping cutter can be scraped by the stirring needle; and the outer part of the stirring needle can be cleaned by using the grinding cutter, so that the normal proceeding of subsequent spot welding work is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of welding tools, in particular to a backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with a self-cleaning function. Background Art

[0002] Since its advent as a solid phase welding technology, friction stir welding (FSW) has been widely used due to its advantages such as being green and environmentally friendly, highly automated and having few welding defects. On this basis, technicians have designed a backfill friction stir spot welding tool.

[0003] The welding tool for backfill friction stir spot welding consists of three main parts: a stirring pin, a stirring sleeve that is slidably mounted on the outside of the stirring pin, and a clamping ring mounted on the outside of the stirring sleeve. During use, the main shaft of the welding equipment serves as a carrier for the stirring pin, stirring sleeve, and clamping ring to be installed. The stirring sleeve and stirring pin can both independently move back and forth relative to each other under the action of the corresponding drive source. To achieve relative movement between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve, a certain gap must be left between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve. This allows some molten material to fill this gap during the welding process, causing blockage in the welding tool and affecting subsequent welding.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problem of welding tools being prone to clogging, existing welding tools are typically designed with a waist-drum structure. This involves creating a discharge trough at the waist of the stirring pin or stirring sleeve. During welding, excess melt enters the trough for temporary storage, thereby alleviating clogging between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve. However, during continuous spot welding, excess melt in the discharge trough can form on the stirring pin. Without machine downtime for cleaning, the service life of the stirring pin is shortened, increasing processing costs. Periodic machine downtime for cleaning can lead to frequent downtimes, reducing welding efficiency.

[0005] Based on this, we propose a backfill friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose a backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with a self-cleaning function. The tool is provided with a fixed grinding tool. After welding is completed, the relative movement of the stirring needle and the grinding tool edge can enable the knife edge to scrape the molten material attached to the outside of the stirring needle, thereby preventing the welding tool from being blocked due to the solidification of the molten material during continuous spot welding operations.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A backfill friction stir spot welding tool with a self-cleaning function includes a stirring needle and a stirring sleeve arranged on a main shaft. The stirring sleeve is located outside the stirring needle, and there is a working gap between the stirring sleeve and the stirring needle for accommodating the melt. The welding tool also includes a grinding tool located in the working gap, and the blade of the grinding tool is in conflict with the shaft body of the stirring needle so that when the stirring needle and the grinding tool move relative to each other, the blade can scrape off the melt attached to the outside of the stirring needle by relying on the blade.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the grinding tool is fixedly connected to the stirring sleeve and forms a whole that can move up and down relative to the stirring needle.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the grinding tool is movably arranged on the main shaft, and the grinding tool and the stirring sleeve move independently without interfering with each other.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the blade of the grinding tool is arranged in an annular shape and is sleeved on the outside of the stirring needle, and the annular blade is coaxially arranged with the stirring needle.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the grinding tool is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outside of the stirring needle, and the bottom of the grinding tool is constricted so that its end surface forms the annularly arranged blade.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the annular blade is configured as a cone as a whole.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the stirring needle is composed of an upper connecting section and a lower working section, and the annular blade is sleeved on the outside of the lower working section.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: a horizontally arranged limiting ring is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the grinding tool, and the limiting ring is sleeved on the outside of the upper connecting section, and the upper connecting section and the limiting ring are coaxially arranged.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the limit ring and the top inner wall of the grinding tool are integrally formed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Through the setting of the grinding tool, after the welding of the welding tool is completed, the stirring needle and the grinding tool can be made to move relative to each other, and the blade of the grinding tool in contact with the outside of the stirring needle can scrape the molten material attached to the outside of the stirring needle. That is, after the spot welding work, the grinding tool can be used to clean the outside of the stirring needle, and the working gap between the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve can also be cleaned, thereby ensuring the normal subsequent spot welding work of the welding tool;

[0019] 2. By setting the blade of the grinding tool into a ring shape, the ring-shaped blade can evenly scrape the entire body of the stirring needle, achieving a good cleaning effect;

[0020] 3. By setting the annular blade edge as a cone, the grinding tool will be subject to less resistance when the stirring needle moves upward relative to the grinding tool, so that the conical blade edge can better scrape the melt attached to the stirring needle, and the cleaning effect is good;

[0021] 4. A horizontally arranged limit ring is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the grinding tool, and the limit ring is used to limit the movement of the stirring needle to ensure that the movement of the stirring needle does not deviate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the grinding tool in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the first embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the first embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the first embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the grinding tool in the second embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the second embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the second embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the second embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 .

[0035] In the figure: 1. Stirring needle; 2. Stirring sleeve; 3. Clamping ring; 4. Limiting ring; 5. Grinding tool; 6. Cutting edge; a. Plate to be welded; b. Melt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The utility model can be applied to a robot, a gantry or a C-type clamp backfill stir friction spot welding device, and two different welding tools are designed according to two different welding modes: a stirring sleeve mode and a stirring needle mode. Specifically, similar to the prior art, the welding tool includes a stirring needle 1, a stirring sleeve 2 disposed outside the stirring needle 1, and a clamping ring 3 disposed outside the stirring sleeve 2. The stirring needle 1 and the stirring sleeve 2 are coaxially arranged. The stirring needle 1 can rotate and move up and down relative to the stirring sleeve 2. The stirring sleeve 2 can rotate and move up and down relative to the clamping ring 3. The stirring needle 1 and the stirring sleeve 2 can move independently without interfering with each other. There is a working gap between the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 for accommodating the melt b.

[0038] On the basis of the above structure, a grinding tool 5 is added in the working gap so that the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5 conflicts with the shaft of the stirring needle 1. There are two designs for the installation position of the grinding tool 5:

[0039] (1) The grinding tool 5 is fixedly connected to the stirring sleeve 2 to form a whole that can move up and down relative to the stirring needle 1. During subsequent cleaning, that is, when the stirring needle 1 and the stirring sleeve 2 move relative to each other, the molten material b attached to the outside of the stirring needle 1 can be scraped off by the blade 6.

[0040] (2) The grinding tool 5 is movably set on the main shaft, and the grinding tool 5 and the stirring sleeve 2 move independently without interfering with each other. During subsequent cleaning, that is, when the stirring needle 1 and the grinding tool 5 move relative to each other, the molten material b attached to the outside of the stirring needle 1 can be scraped off by the blade 6.

[0041] It should be noted that the principles of the above two designs are to ensure that the stirring pin 1 can move relative to the grinding tool 5, so that the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5 can scrape off the melt b attached to the outside of the stirring pin 1. Based on this, as long as the grinding tool 5 is located within the working gap and can move relative to the stirring pin 1, its specific installation position is not limited to the above two designs.

[0042] In order to ensure that the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5 can evenly scrape the entire body of the stirring needle 1 when the stirring needle 1 and the grinding tool 5 move relative to each other, in some possible embodiments, the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5 is set to be annular and sleeved on the outside of the stirring needle 1, and the annular blade 6 is arranged coaxially with the stirring needle 1.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, on the basis of the annular blade 6, the grinding tool 5 can be further arranged in a cylindrical shape and sleeved on the outside of the stirring needle 1. At the same time, the bottom of the grinding tool 5 is conical so that its end face constitutes the above-mentioned annular blade 6. Preferably, the annular blade 6 is set as a cone as a whole, so that when the stirring needle 1 moves upward relative to the grinding tool 5, the grinding tool 5 is subject to less resistance, so that the conical blade 6 can better scrape the molten material b attached to the stirring needle 1, and the cleaning effect is good.

[0044] Furthermore, the stirring needle 1 is configured to consist of an upper connecting section and a lower working section, with the annular blade 6 being sleeved onto the exterior of the lower working section. Simultaneously, a horizontally arranged limit ring 4 is provided on the top inner wall of the grinding tool 5, sleeved onto the exterior of the upper connecting section. The upper connecting section and the limit ring 4 are coaxially arranged, and the limit ring 4 is utilized to limit and protect the movement of the stirring needle 1. Regarding the structural configuration of the limit ring 4, the limit ring 4 can be integrally formed with the top inner wall of the grinding tool 5.

[0045] like Figures 1-12 As shown, based on the stirring sleeve welding mode and the stirring needle welding mode, the utility model proposes two structures for adaptation, as follows:

[0046] Example 1 (stirring sleeve welding mode):

[0047] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the stirring needle 1, stirring sleeve 2 and grinding tool 5 are all of the structure shown in the figure, and the three are arranged according to the above layout. The welding process is expressed as:

[0048] (1) First, move the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 to the plate a to be welded and press the plate a to be welded with a certain pressure. Since there are reserved positions for the stirring needle 1 and the stirring sleeve 2, the preload force is provided by the outermost pressing ring 3. This state is Figure 4At the beginning of welding, the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 rotate and move relative to each other (the stirring sleeve 2 moves down and the stirring needle 1 moves up). This state is indicated by Figure 5 To express.

[0049] (2) During the welding stage, the high-speed rotating stirring sleeve 2 generates heat when in contact with the surface of the plate a to be welded, causing the material near the contact surface to undergo thermoplastic melting deformation. As the stirring sleeve 2 continues to rotate and press downward, the molten material b is squeezed into the working gap between the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1, and part of the molten material b will adhere to the outside of the stirring needle 1.

[0050] (3) After welding, lift the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 to a certain height from the surface of the plate a to be welded. This state can be Figure 6 To represent it, the stirring needle 1 starts to rotate and move upward, and the melt b attached to the outside of the stirring needle 1 will move upward under the driving action of the stirring needle 1. When the melt b rises to a certain position, it will contact the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5. Since the grinding tool 5 and the stirring needle 1 are in relative motion, that is, the grinding tool 5 is in a fixed state at this time (the grinding tool 5 at this time can be any of the above-mentioned installation designs), the melt b on the stirring needle 1 is scraped by the grinding tool 5 and peeled off from the stirring needle 1. In addition, the rotating and rising melt b will experience a thermal-mechanical coupling effect similar to that in the welding process and soften during the contact with the grinding tool 5, thereby avoiding direct contact between the grinding tool 5 and part of the hard melt b, improving the discharge efficiency, and reducing the wear of the grinding tool 5.

[0051] Example 2 (stirring needle welding mode):

[0052] like Figure 7-12 As shown, the stirring needle 1, stirring sleeve 2 and grinding tool 5 are all of the structure shown in the figure, and the three are arranged according to the above layout. The welding process is expressed as:

[0053] (1) First, move the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 to the plate a to be welded and press the plate a to be welded with a certain pressure. Figure 10 At the beginning of welding, the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 rotate and move relative to each other (the stirring needle 1 moves down and the stirring sleeve 2 moves up). Figure 11 To express.

[0054] (2) During the welding stage, heat is generated when the high-speed rotating stirring needle 1 contacts the surface of the plate a to be welded, causing the material near the contact surface to undergo thermoplastic melting deformation. As the stirring needle 1 continues to rotate and press down, the molten material b is squeezed into the working gap between the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1, and part of the molten material b will adhere to the outside of the stirring needle 1.

[0055] (3) After welding, lift the stirring sleeve 2 and the stirring needle 1 to a certain height from the surface of the plate a to be welded. This state can be Figure 12 To represent, the stirring needle 1 starts to rotate and move upward (the stirring sleeve 2 can also move upward during this process), and the melt b attached to the outside of the stirring needle 1 will move upward under the driving action of the stirring needle 1. At this time, the position of the grinding tool 5 will not change. When the melt b rises to a certain position, it will contact the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5. Since the grinding tool 5 and the stirring needle 1 are in relative motion, that is, the grinding tool 5 is in a fixed state at this time (the grinding tool 5 at this time is selected as an installation design installed on the main shaft), the melt b on the stirring needle 1 is scraped by the grinding tool 5 and peeled off from the stirring needle 1. In addition, the rotating and rising melt b will experience a thermal-mechanical coupling effect similar to that in the welding process and soften during the contact with the grinding tool 5, thereby avoiding direct contact between the tool and the hard melt b, improving the discharge efficiency, and reducing the wear of the grinding tool 5.

[0056] In summary, the present invention provides a grinding tool 5. After welding is completed, the relative movement between the grinding tool 5 and the stirring needle 1 is utilized to enable the blade 6 of the grinding tool 5 to scrape off the molten material b attached to the outside of the stirring needle 1. At the same time, the molten material b is also removed from the working gap between the stirring needle 1 and the stirring sleeve 2, thereby ensuring that the subsequent spot welding work of the stirring needle 1 and the stirring sleeve 2 is carried out normally.

[0057] It should be noted that the cleaning work performed after the above-mentioned spot welding is completed can be performed after each spot welding work is completed, or can be performed after multiple spot welding works are performed cumulatively.

[0058] The above describes an embodiment of the present invention in detail. However, the above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with a self-cleaning function, comprising a stirring needle (1) and a stirring sleeve (2) arranged on a main shaft, wherein the stirring sleeve (2) is located outside the stirring needle (1), and a working gap for accommodating a melt (b) exists between the stirring sleeve (2) and the stirring needle (1), characterized in that: The welding tool further comprises a grinding tool (5) located in the working gap, and a blade (6) of the grinding tool (5) contacts the shaft of the stirring needle (1), so that when the stirring needle (1) and the grinding tool (5) move relative to each other, the blade (6) scrapes off the molten material (b) attached to the outside of the stirring needle (1).

2. The backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding tool (5) is fixedly connected to the stirring sleeve (2) and forms a whole that can move up and down relative to the stirring needle (1).

3. The backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding tool (5) is movably arranged on the main shaft, and the grinding tool (5) and the stirring sleeve (2) move independently without interfering with each other.

4. A backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The blade (6) of the grinding tool (5) is arranged in an annular shape and is sleeved on the outside of the stirring needle (1), and the annular blade (6) is coaxially arranged with the stirring needle (1).

5. The backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding tool (5) is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outside of the stirring needle (1), and the bottom of the grinding tool (5) is constricted so that its end surface forms the annularly arranged blade (6).

6. The backfill type friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annularly arranged blade (6) is configured as a cone as a whole.

7. The backfill friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stirring needle (1) consists of an upper connecting section and a lower working section, and the annular blade (6) is sleeved on the outside of the lower working section.

8. The backfill friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 7, characterized in that: A horizontally arranged limiting ring (4) is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the grinding tool (5), and the limiting ring (4) is sleeved on the outside of the upper connecting section, and the upper connecting section and the limiting ring (4) are coaxially arranged.

9. The backfill friction stir spot welding tool with self-cleaning function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting ring (4) and the top inner wall of the grinding tool (5) are integrally formed.

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